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Asian Journal of Agriculture
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25804537     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Aims and Scope Asian Journal of Agriculture encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects to optimizing the quality and quantity of both plant and animal yield and final products, including agricultural economics and management, agricultural engineering and mechanization, agronomy and crop science, fish breeding, poultry breeding, plants and animals breeding, biotechnology, molecular biology, genetic diversity and breeding, food science and technology, land resources, land use, and remote sensing, plant pathology and pest management, microbiology, virology and bacteriology, organic agriculture, ecology and ecophysiology, physiology and nutrition, post-harvest technology, soil sciences, soilless culture, tissue culture technology, phytoremediation, and water management.
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Articles 108 Documents
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Sustainable development goals and agricultural service subscriptions: Consumer behaviors in Cebu, Philippines GARCES, JAKE JOSHUA C.
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g100101

Abstract

Abstract. Garces JJC. 2026. Sustainable development goals and agricultural service subscriptions: Consumer behaviors in Cebu, Philippines. Asian J Agric 10: g100101. https://doi.org/10.13057/asianjagric/g100101 As the Philippines faces growing challenges in food insecurity and unsustainable consumption, this study explores why many Cebuano consumers who support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are not actively participating in agricultural subscription services. These services, which connect consumers directly with local farmers, offer a promising way to promote sustainable food systems. Through a survey of 488 respondents across Cebu Island, the study identified three types of consumers: (i) General subscribers, (ii) Price-conscious consumers, and (iii) Quality-focused consumers. General subscribers showed the strongest sustainability alignment, with 58% actively minimizing food waste, compared to 29% of price-conscious consumers and 34% of quality-focused consumers, while regression and chi-square results identified age group, marital status, and education level as significant determinants of subscription. These findings conclude that consumer subscription behaviors are shaped not only by affordability and product quality considerations but also by the degree of alignment with sustainability values, emphasizing that stronger integration of SDG-oriented practices corresponds to more consistent participation in agricultural subscription services.
Predicting soybean seed longevity under ambient storage through multivariate viability and vigor analysis ZALAMA, MOHAMED TAHA; LEILAH, AHMED A. A.
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090238

Abstract

Abstract. Zalama MT, Leilah AAA. 2025. Predicting soybean seed longevity under ambient storage through multivariate viability and vigor analysis. Asian J Agric 9: 702-711. The current study examined the longevity of the soybean seed cultivar (Giza 111) under ambient storage conditions in Dakahlia, Egypt, from July 2023 to June 2024. Three lots of seed from different sources were observed for up to 360 days to predict seed longevity and to determine storage parameters for warehouse management. Initial seed quality was estimated, then a simplified viability equation, v = Ki - (1/?) P, was applied to predict seed longevity during the storage period. Significant differences were noticed among seed lots. Seed lot 01 (Legumes Department, FCRI, ARC) exhibited the best seed viability, with the highest storage index (? = 120 days), longest half-viability period (P50 = 151 days), and slowest deterioration rate (tg? = -0.0008), indicating superior vigor during storage. In contrast, seed lots 02 and 03, obtained from the private sector, showed reduced viability, with Lot 03 exhibiting the lowest (? = 90 days, tg? = -0.011, P50 = 79 days). Linear regression showed seed viability decline rates differed: Lot 01 (slowest, -2.50), Lot 02 (moderate, -2.73), and Lot 03 (fastest, -3.34), confirming relative deterioration speeds. Pearson correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between probit viability and seed vigor indices, including germination (r = 0.946), accelerated aging (r = 0.945), seedling dry weight (r = 0.925), and vigor index II (r = 0.935). Quantitative data further supported the correlation between probit viability and vigor parameters. This study demonstrated that a simplified viability equation effectively predicted the longevity and vigor of soybean seeds from different sources stored under ambient conditions in Dakahlia, Egypt. Significant differences in viability and deterioration rates among seed lots underscore the equation's value for practical seed storage monitoring, improved ambient storage management, and enhanced seed inventory control and quality preservation through accurate performance prediction.
Genotype × diet interaction in Uzbek breeds and hybrids of the silkworm (Bombyx mori) for enabling year-round sericulture BAKHTIYAR, MIRZAKHODJAEV; ANVAR, MIRZAKHODJAEV; DILORAM, ISMATULLAYEVA; ARZIGUL, TAJENOVA; ISMOIL, RAJABOV
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090247

Abstract

Abstract. Bakhtiyar M, Anvar M, Diloram I, Arzigul T, Ismoil R. 2025. Genotype × diet interaction in Uzbek breeds and hybrids of the silkworm (Bombyx mori) for enabling year-round sericulture. Asian J Agric 9: 808-817. Sericulture in Uzbekistan faces seasonal limitations due to dependence on fresh mulberry leaves, limiting cocoon production to one or two cycles per year. This study evaluated the interaction between genotype and diet type in ten Bombyx mori genotypes—five pure breeds (Ipakchi-5, UzNIISH-9, Ipakchi-1, Gulshan, and Nafis) and five hybrids (Zarafshon, Gulshan × Nafis, Oltin Vodiy, Kumush Tola, and Navruz)—to assess adaptability to artificial feeding for year-round sericulture. Larvae were reared on four diets: freeze-dried mulberry leaves, convectively dried leaves, a Japanese standard artificial diet, and natural leaves as a control. Biological and technological traits were analyzed using two-way ANOVA (Diet × Genotype) and Tukey’s HSD test. Results showed significant effects of both diet and genotype (p<0.001). The freeze-dried mulberry diet ensured the highest survival (86-90%), cocoon weight (1.7-1.85 g), and silk ratio (18.5-20.3%), statistically comparable to natural feeding. Hybrids Gulshan × Nafis and Navruz exhibited superior adaptability and physiological stability, confirming strong genotype × environment interaction. The study demonstrates that locally developed freeze-dried diets enable sustainable, year-round, and industrially scalable sericulture in Uzbekistan, supporting both traditional textile and emerging biomedical applications of silk.
Effect of mung bean sprout (Vigna radiata) germination phases on the physical and sensory quality of nata de coco ANDRIANSYAH, ANDRIANSYAH; FATHIR, AKHMAD; ANTIKA, LINDA TRI
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090245

Abstract

Abstract. Andriansyah, Fathir A, Antika LT. 2025. Effect of mung bean sprout (Vigna radiata) germination phases on the physical and sensory quality of nata de coco. Asian J Agric 9: 787-799. The use of natural nitrogen sources in nata de coco production is essential to enhance food safety and promote sustainable fermentation practices. This study evaluated the effect of mung bean sprout (Vigna radiata) germination phases 24 hours (F1), 48 hours (F2), and 72 hours (F3) as natural nitrogen sources on the physical and sensory properties of nata de coco. Sprout extracts were mixed with coconut water and sugar, inoculated with Acetobacter xylinum at a density of 1×10⁸ CFU/mL, and fermented for 15 days. The observed parameters included thickness, weight, total soluble solids, and sensory attributes (aroma and taste) assessed using a three-point hedonic scale. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences (p>0.05) among germination phases in all measured parameters, although the 48-hour treatment tended to produce nata with slightly better physical and more balanced sensory characteristics. These findings indicate that within the 24-72-hour window, sprout physiological maturity only modestly affects nitrogen availability, suggesting that the use of sprout extract itself as a natural nitrogen source is more influential than germination duration. Overall, this study reinforces the potential of mung bean sprout extract as a safe, eco-friendly, and sustainable alternative to synthetic nitrogen sources in microbial cellulose production, supporting the development of environmentally responsible food biotechnology.
Design, optimization, and validation of corn-strain-specific primers for fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) detection in the Philippines LABONETE, HENSLY JOY P.; FULGENCIO, BEA KATRINA R.; ABATAY, MILLANIE P.; AMPANG, MAIMONA P.; ANCHETA, DONNAFE J.; GUMAL, SITTIE JAMELAH R.; JIMENEZ, ELGIE A.; MODINA, RIS MENOEL R.; YONGCO, JANNAH E.; TABUGO, SHARON ROSE M.
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090250

Abstract

Abstract. Labonete HJP, Fulgencio BKR, Abatay MP, Ampang MP, Ancheta DJ, Gumal SJR, Jimenez EA, Modina RMR, Yongco JE, Tabugo SRM. 2025. Design, optimization, and validation of corn-strain-specific primers for fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) detection in the Philippines. Asian J Agric 9: 844-853. The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an invasive pest that threatens corn production in the Philippines. The presence of morphologically identical corn- and rice-strains, each with distinct host preferences, complicates accurate identification. Molecular diagnostics are significant in understudied regions of the country, such as Mindanao where S. frugiperda invasions are rapidly expanding, with primers offering reliable support in pest surveillance. This study developed and optimized corn-strain-specific primers (FAWC1–FAWC5) using ancestral Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) haplotypes (GenBank U72974, U72976) and Primer3 in Geneious Prime (v2023.2.1). In silico PCR and specificity assessments confirmed optimal primer characteristics (20-22 bp, 57.5-60.3 °C Tm, 50-55% GC), amplicon sizes of 100-250 bp, and absence of secondary structures. The standardized annealing temperature for amplification is 53.7°C to ensure efficient primer binding and workflow consistency. The applied step-wise experimental validation ensured that all primer sets adhered rigorous technical standards supported by wet-lab testing which narrowed the best-performing candidates to FAWC3, FAWC4, and FAWC5. Verification using larval samples collected from corn and rice fields in Davao Oriental and corn fields in Iligan City demonstrated reliable amplification. It confirmed the dominance of the corn-strain across the tested sites, strengthening geographic validation and consistency in primer performance fit for community-level monitoring FAWC4 exhibited broad corn-strain detection capability making it suitable for initial screening, while FAWC5 provided strong lineage-specific resolution within Philippine populations. Together, these primers form a dual-function molecular toolkit that enables accurate strain-level identification, strengthens regional monitoring programs, and supports evidence-based fall armyworm management strategies in Philippine corn-growing regions.
Sustainable aquaculture development in floating nets at Cirata reservoir (West Java, Indonesia) through single-sex nilem fish introduction YUSTIATI, AYI; ANDRIANI, YULI; HERAWATI, TITIN
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g010106

Abstract

Abstract. Yustiati A, Andriani Y, Herawati T. 2017. Sustainable aquaculture development in floating nets at Cirata reservoir (West Java, Indonesia) through single sex nilem fish introduction. Asian J Agric 1: 29-34. This research aimed to develop a sustainable aquaculture system using single-sex nilem fish (Osteochilus hasseltii Valenciennes, 1842; syn. Osteochilus vittatus Valenciennes, 1842) in trophic level-based farming and to analyze the feeding habits, types of meal and preference level of the feed in O. vittatus farmed in Cirata Reservoir. In addition, it also aimed to determine the fish's ability as a biocontrol agent for water cleaning by measuring the ability to utilize periphyton attached to the floating nets. Research was conducted at the Laboratory of Ciparanje, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran and floating nets of Cirata reservoir. Observations of the performance of biological testing and food feeding were applied with the experimental design method of Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 3 replications. The five treatments include non-artificial feeding (treatment A), 1% feeding of body weight per day (treatment B), 2% feeding of body weight per day (treatment C), 3% of feeding of body weight per day (treatment D), and 4% feeding of body weight per day (treatment E). The results showed there was no difference in both the survival and growth levels of the female single-sex fish that were given both commercial and non-commercial feed. The highest feed efficiency was observed in the 3% of commercial feeding treatment, amounting to 55.30%. The fish are herbivorous and generalist with trophic levels between 1.03% and 1.45% eating plankton for living. Fish fed with artificial food to 4% of the biomass still grazed on phytoplankton as the main source of food but adapted by changing the natural feeding and tend to be ineffective in utilizing the available food resources in the waters. During the study, both the types and amount of periphyton attached to the nets decreased. Higher commercial feeding level results in a higher density of periphyton in the floating nets.
Diversity and potential invasiveness of insects in agricultural landscapes of Wonosobo, Central Java, Indonesia RAHMADHANI, SAKINA ENOVA; SALSABILA, SIBRINA; ANDRIANTO, ROI; ROSYIDA, SYARIFAH HASNA; AINIA, QUROTUL; DEWANGGA, ARU; SETYAWAN, AHMAD DWI
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090234

Abstract

Abstract. Rahmadhani SE, Salsabila S, Andrianto R, Rosyida SH, Ainia Q, Dewangga A, Setyawan AD. 2025. Diversity and potential invasiveness of insects in agricultural landscapes of Wonosobo, Central Java, Indonesia. Asian J Agric 9: 663-670. Altitude and microclimatic variation act as key ecological filters that shape species diversity, community structure, and invasion potential altitude, microclimate, and land-use intensity jointly structure insect communities in the agricultural landscapes of Wonosobo, Central Java, Indonesia. Surveys across lowland Karangsambung (621 masl), mid-elevation Blederan (969 masl), and highland Sembungan (2,056 masl) recorded 57 species from 31 families, revealing clear diversity gradients. Species richness and functional balance peaked at mid-elevation, where moderate temperatures and heterogeneous vegetation supported diverse herbivores, predators, and pollinators. Lowland sites retained high diversity driven by warm conditions and productive cropping systems. In contrast, highland assemblages were simplified and dominated by synanthropic Diptera (Musca domestica, Leucostoma simplex), reflecting harsh climatic filters and nutrient-enriched soils. NMDS-envfit analyses highlighted altitude, temperature, illumination, and wind as the main determinants of community structure. Invasiveness remained low overall, but disturbance-tolerant taxa increased with elevation. These findings emphasize the importance of vegetation heterogeneity, microclimate buffering, and biological control in sustaining ecological stability. As climate warming accelerates, mid-elevation agroecosystems may become critical resilience zones for conserving biodiversity and maintaining agricultural sustainability.
Evapotranspiration and the crop coefficients of black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) with weighing lysimeters in a subtropical region GIL-MARÍN, JOSÉ ALEXANDER; ZERMEÑO-GONZÁLEZ, ALEJANDRO; CÓRDOVA-RODRÍGUEZ, MARÍA XIMENA; RAMÍREZ-RODRÍGUEZ, HOMERO; MELENDRES-ALVAREZ, AARON ISAIN; MORENO, LUIS SAMANIEGO; KHAMKURE, SASIROT
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090202

Abstract

Abstract. Gil-Marín JA, Zermeño-González A, Córdova-Rodríguez MX, Ramírez-Rodríguez H, Melendres-Alvarez AI, Moreno LS, Khamkure S. 2025. Evapotranspiration and the crop coefficients of black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with weighing lysimeters. Asian J Agric 9: 349-357. The water needs of a crop depend on the weather conditions, crop characteristics, and stage of development, which are represented by the crop coefficient (Kc), whose values change throughout the crop's stages of development. This understanding is the result of a meticulous research process, ensuring the reliability of these findings; knowing the crop evapotranspiration is essential to improving water use efficiency. This study aimed to determine the values of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and Kc for a black bean crop using a weighing lysimeter under greenhouse conditions. The research was conducted in the greenhouse of the graduate program in Tropical Agriculture at the University of Oriente (UDO), located on the Juanico Campus in Maturín, Monagas State, Venezuela, during the dry season from March to June 2020, on an Ultisol soil. The results showed that the bean's daily rate of evapotranspiration (ETc) was 3.16, 6.31, 8.37, and 4.80 mm day-1 for the initial growth, vegetative, flowering, and maturity stages, respectively. The evapotranspiration for the complete growing cycle was 458.31 mm, corresponding to a water volume of 4,583.10 m³ ha-1. The crop coefficient (Kc) for each development stage was 0.51 for the initial stage (10 days), 0.88 for the vegetative stages (35 days), 1.20 for the flowering stage (20 days), and 0.85 for the maturity stage (8 days).
Comparison of starch-based liquid sugar production from local cassava DEWI, SUKURIYATI SUSILO; SUPANGKAT, GATOT; HASTOMO, TRI
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090236

Abstract

Abstract. Dewi SS, Supangkat G, Hastomo T. 2025. Comparison of starch-based liquid sugar production from local cassava. Asian J Agric 9: 683-688. Indonesia's rising sugar demand and dependence on imports have sparked interest in alternative sweeteners sourced from local crops. The country currently imports a significant portion of its sugar, leading to concerns about food security and economic stability. Cassava (Manihot esculenta), widely cultivated across the country, offers a promising raw material for liquid sugar production due to its high starch content and accessibility. This study evaluates the suitability of three cassava varieties; Cartiva 25, Melati, and Randu for liquid sugar production using enzymatic hydrolysis. The process involved liquefaction with ?-amylase followed by saccharification with glucoamylase. Carbohydrate content in the resulting liquid sugar ranged from 76.15 to 80.39%, with Randu and Melati outperforming Cartiva 25. Reducing sugar levels was highest in Randu (65.10%), indicating more efficient starch conversion. Sensory analysis revealed that Randu produced the sweetest and lightest-colored liquid sugar. However, none of the samples met Indonesian National Standards for colorlessness and odorlessness due to the absence of purification steps. While starch yield did not differ significantly among varieties, biochemical and sensory profiles suggest that varietal selection plays a critical role in optimizing sugar output and product quality. Randu and Melati varieties demonstrated superior performance and are recommended for industrial-scale processing. To meet national standards and enhance market viability, future production should incorporate purification techniques such as decolorization and deodorization. These findings offer practical guidance for processors and farmers, highlighting cassava's potential to reduce reliance on imported sugar and support sustainable agriculture. Promoting high-performing varieties like Randu and Melati could strengthen local supply chains and contribute to Indonesia's food system resilience.
Yield and postharvest response of ‘Rosanna’ tomato to radiation-modified carrageenan and vermicompost tea ENANO, JAYRYL D.; BALDERAS, MARILYN B.
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090201

Abstract

Abstract. Enano JD, Balderas MB. 2025. Yield and postharvest response of ‘Rosanna’ tomato to radiation-modified carrageenan and vermicompost tea. Asian J Agric 9: 339-348. Tomatoes are one of the perishable crops, and inappropriate postharvest handling leads to a high amount of postharvest losses. The study investigated the effect of Radiation-Modified Carrageenan (RMC) and Aerated Vermicompost Tea (AVCT) on yield, fruit quality, and postharvest attributes in ‘Rosanna’ tomatoes. The study was laid out in a randomized complete block design consisting of seven treatments and three replicates and used the least significant difference test at a 5% level. Significant differences shown in fruit color at 20 Days from Initial Storage (DIS) (p = 0.0380); fruit firmness on 5 DIS (p = 0.0332), 15 DIS (p = 0.0099), and 25 DIS (p = 0.0291). Postharvest disease incidence at 14 DIS (p = 0.0115), 28 DIS (p = 0.0314); and postharvest disease severity index at 42 DIS (p = 0.0106), 56 DIS (p = 0.0416), and 72 DIS (p = 0.0297). No significant differences in other parameters; however, the 20,000 ppm RMC has the earliest day to harvest and the highest total yield. Fruits with the highest total soluble solids, titratable acids, and TSS/TA ratio at 40,000 ppm RMC + AVCT, 20,000 ppm RMC, and 20,000 ppm RMC + AVCT, respectively. The 1:1 (v:v) AVCT to water has the highest moisture and lowest dry matter. The highest fruit polar and equatorial diameter at 40,000 ppm RMC + AVCT. Fruits with the highest fruit color scale on 20,000 ppm RMC + AVCT at 5 DIS, and 20,000 ppm RMC at 10, 15, and 25 DIS. Firmer fruits in 1:1 (v:v) AVCT to water at 10 DIS, and 30,000 ppm RMC + AVCT at 20 DIS. The 10,000 ppm RMC + AVCT has the lowest percentage of disease incidence, the lowest severity index, and extended storage shelf life. The application of 10,000 ppm RMC + AVCT improved the fruit quality and extended the shelf life of the fruits.

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