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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Published by Universitas Sriwijaya
ISSN : 08530963     EISSN : 27214885     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Jurnal Teknik Kimia merupakan publikasi tulisan ilmiah hasil riset dan pengalaman lapangan di bidang Teknik Kimia, mulai dari prinsip dasar atau fundamental sampai pada penerapan/aplikasinya di industri. Jurnal Teknik Kimia dalam versi cetak telah diterbitkan sejak tahun 1996. Jurnal Teknik Kimia juga diterbitkan dalam versi on line mulai tahun 2013. Pada versi on line dapat diakses publikasi di Jurnal Teknik Kimia sejak tahun 2008 sampai sekarang.
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Articles 289 Documents
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Studi eksperimen isolasi fukoidan dari rumput laut sargassum binderi sonder: Efek suhu dan waktu ekstraksi Herti Utami; Zulaikha Setya Mega Sari; Muhammad Hanif; Yuli Darni; Simparmin br Ginting; Elida Purba
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 29 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sriwijaya in collaboration with Asosiasi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknik Kimia Indonesia (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jtk.v29i2.1462

Abstract

Fukoidan adalah senyawa bioaktif yang merupakan polisakarida sulfat dengan penyusun utamanya yaitu L-fukosa dan sulfat. Fukoidan ini terdapat pada rumput laut coklat jenis Sargassum binderi Sonder. Fukoidan berfungsi sebagai antikoagulan, antioksidan, antikomplementari, anti pembengkakan, pelindung lambung, anti kanker, immunostimulan dan pengatur kadar lipid darah. Terdapat berbagai pelarut untuk mengekstrak fukoidan dari rumput laut coklat, diantaranya memakai pelarut etanol, HCl, air, CaCl2, dan asam etilen diamin tetra asetat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan pengaruh suhu serta waktu ekstraksi dengan pelarut asam etilen diamin tetra asetat dalam ekstraksi rumput laut coklat jenis Sargasum binderi Sonder. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan pada suhu 50 oC, 60 oC, 70 oC, dan 90 oC, dan waktu 1 jam, 2 jam, 3 jam, 4 jam dan 5 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yield crude fucoidan tertinggi yaitu pada suhu 90 oC dan waktu 2 jam sebesar 8,19 %, namun yield tertinggi dengan karakteristik terbaik pada suhu 70 oC dan waktu 2 jam sebesar 7,98 %. Berdasarkan hasil analisis didapatkan total kandungan gula sebesar 38,54 % dan kandungan sulfat sebanyak 13,91 %.
Hydrolysis profile of gadung (dioscorea hispida dennst) starch to glucose using alpha amylase enzyme Utari Agustina; Abu Hasan; Indah Purnamasari
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 30 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sriwijaya in collaboration with Asosiasi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknik Kimia Indonesia (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jtk.v30i1.1162

Abstract

Indonesia is an agrarian Country that has abundant natural resources. It has potential to be used as industrial raw materials such as sugar reduction from starch. Gadung, which is abundant in Gandus and it can be monitored for its presence in the dry season, is one source of starch. The aims of this research is to obtain glucose with a high yield percentage, to know the optimum concentration of α-amylase enzyme to hydrolysis gadung starch into glucose, and to know the relationship between hydrolysis time and concentration the glucose formed by the addition of the enzyme variation. The implementation of the research is carried out in three stages, first is preparation of raw materials, hydrolysis of gadung starch into glucose enzymatically, and analysis of glucose level using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry with Nelson reaction. The free variables used are the time variation of hydrolysis 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 minutes and alpha amylase enzyme 1 %, 2 %, 3 % b/v. The optimum hydrolysis results on this study were at 1 % b/v enzyme variation, 10 minutes hydrolysis time, and a temperature of 90 oC. The yield of glucose concentration is 255.35 ppm. From this reseach, it is known that the longer the starch hydrolysis takes place, the observed glucose tends to experience in fluctuative consentration caused by the increase of α- amylase enzyme variations.
Mixture composition and coal size effect on coal water mixture quality Bazlina Dawami Afrah; Lia Cundari; Ni'matul Hakiki Vebri Awan; Illovine Hadassa; Eva Oktarinasari; Miftahurrizka Afrah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 30 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sriwijaya in collaboration with Asosiasi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknik Kimia Indonesia (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jtk.v30i1.1238

Abstract

Coal usage as a primary energy source is targeted to continue to increase and replace petroleum as the main energy source. Further processing is required to achieve the standard fuel characteristics, one of which is through a process called Coal Water Mixture (CWM) by adding water and additives to coal to produce fuel with characteristics like heavy oil. This research was conducted to analyze the best composition and size of the coal for CWM processing using variations in coal composition (20 %; 30 %; 40 %; 50 %; and 60 %) and coal particle size (40, 80, and 120 mesh). The parameters studied for each CWM product are product quantity, inherent moisture, density, pH, and calorific value. The results of the initial analysis show that the CWM product with a coal composition of 50 % has characteristics that most closely resemble Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO). CWM product with a coal composition of 50 % with all three variations of coal size was then tested for its calorific value and the respective values ​​were 3476.3153 cal/g; 4025.5551 cal/g; and 4488.4248 cal/g. The resulting product meets the physical characteristics qualifications, but to substitute HFO as fuel, it is necessary to use high quality coal, namely anthracite with a higher calorific value or upgrade the coal raw materials that will be used for the CWM processing.
Analysis of energy consumption in coconut oil production with bromelin enzyme extract Hamdhani Nino; Lily Yulinar; Rusdianasari Rusdianasari; Arizal Aswan; Irawan Rusnadi
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 29 No 3 (2023): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sriwijaya in collaboration with Asosiasi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknik Kimia Indonesia (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jtk.v29i1.1275

Abstract

Indonesia has been facing the problem of domestic cooking oil since the beginning of 2022. This issue certainly does not reduce the number of people's consumption of cooking oil which causes the amount of energy consumption in the production process will also increasing. This study aims to obtain coconut oil in accordance with SNI 3741:2013, determine the effect of temperature and processing time as well as determine the amount of energy consumption in the coconut oil production process. One of the efficient ways to make coconut oil is by using the heating process method. This method will produce coconut oil that lasts longer because it has a lower water content. This study uses temperature variables with variations of 60 ᵒC, 65 ᵒC, 70 ᵒC, 75 ᵒC and 80 ᵒC and heating time with variations of 90 minutes, 120 minutes and 150 minutes. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the best treatment is at temperature variation of 70 ᵒC and heating time of 150 minutes which produces 355 ml of coconut oil with a fragrant smell of coconut oil and a clear golden yellow color with the water content of 0.0015 %, the free fatty acid content of 2.8205 %, the specific energy consumption (SEC) is 0.0066 and the required electricity cost is Rp.2.675,31. The coconut oil produced also complies with SNI 3741:2013 with the highest water content of 0.0024 % and the highest free fatty acid content of 3.3009 %. Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) values during the study ranged from 0.0038 to 0.0070 kWh/ml.
Analysis of coconut shell adsorption capability as greywater waste adsorbent Devy Cendekia; Dian A Afifah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 30 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sriwijaya in collaboration with Asosiasi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknik Kimia Indonesia (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jtk.v30i1.1505

Abstract

As coconut plantations increase in Indonesia, coconut shell waste has the potential to damage the environment if it is not processed properly. Various studies state that coconut shell waste can be used as a greywater adsorbent. Greywater is a domestic waste that is much less polluted than domestic wastewater because it does not contain urine, feces, and toilet paper, and only contains about 30% of the total organic load. Therefore, it is important to determine the right adsorbent for appropriate processing. So this research will test the adsorption capacity of coconut shell waste as a greywater adsorbent using iodine absorption analysis. In the analysis of iodine absorption capacity, coconut shell adsorbents have high adsorption capabilities in absorbing adsorbate (iodine molecules) with high molecular concentrations. Based on iodine absorption analysis data, it is known that the coconut shell waste adsorbent has a maximum adsorption capacity of 2.86 x 10-3 mg g-1 by following the Langmuir isotherm model. The coconut shell waste adsorbent used as a medium in the adsorption column was able to reduce total dissolved solids by 3.7 %, total suspended solids by 23.3 %, and phosphate removal efficiency by 6.3 % in greywater waste samples. This proves that coconut shell waste can act as an adsorbent in managing greywater waste.
Remidiation of sodium hydrogen sulphide rayon waste by oxidation method Isma Wulansari; Wahyudi B. Sediawan; Muslikhin Hidayat
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 29 No 3 (2023): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sriwijaya in collaboration with Asosiasi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknik Kimia Indonesia (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jtk.v29i3.1509

Abstract

The mechanism of the oxidation reaction at various concentrations of sulfide waste is dominated by the direct reaction between sulfide waste and hydrogen peroxide to reduce NaHS compounds. This mechanism is an optimal and economical waste elimination method for reducing sulfur in rayon waste. Sodium hydrogen sulfide is easily oxidized with oxygen in the air so that a substance will form which triggers air and water pollution through an increase in the value of chemical oxygen demand. This study aims to determine the effect of adding an oxidizing agent on the rate of reduction of sulfide compounds, the effect of pH, temperature, reaction time between the oxidizing agent and sulfide waste, the amount of oxidizing agent and total sulfur concentration and to model experimental data mathematically. In this study, the kinetic equations and activation energies of H2O2 and NaHS were determined based on the total sulfur and sulfate in non-catalytic and catalytic oxidation reaction solutions. The percentage of sulfide removal is influenced by the initial sulfide waste concentration and the NaHS/H2O2 ratio. The NaHS/H2O2 ratio of 1 : 17.5 gave the best sulfide removal percentage of 89.95% with an initial sulfide waste concentration of 6,136 mg/L. Non-isothermal, isothermal and catalytic oxidation reactions did not show a different percentage of sulfide reduction, which was in the range of 76 - 85%. The optimum NaHS/H2O2 ratio composition can determine optimal conditions for air pollution control, corrosion levels and waste treatment costs as a result of the formation of spent sulfidic caustic compounds consisting of sulfur ions, sulfate ions, etc. Oxidation of sulfides to sulfates by H2O2 can be applied to sulfide waste containing SH- ions.
Effect of comparison ratio of additives on changes in pH levels, TSS, Fe, and Mn metals in the acid mine water treatment process at KPL BB 13 PT bukit asam, tbk. Enggal Nurisman; Tree Silvia Putri Minata; Shenia Meidina
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 29 No 3 (2023): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sriwijaya in collaboration with Asosiasi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknik Kimia Indonesia (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jtk.v29i3.1531

Abstract

Mining activities with an open system at PT Bukit Asam Tbk. have the potential to produce acid mine drainage due to contamination by rocks with sulfur content. Acid mine drainage treatment is carried out by the active method in the Mud Settling Pond (KPL). Addition of alum (Al2(SO4)3) and quicklime (CaO) to increase pH levels and reduce water turbidity. Management is carried out to meet environmental quality standards, namely with a pH value of 6-9, a maximum TSS value of 400, and for Mn and Fe a maximum of 4 and 7 mg/L, respectively. Jar Tests were conducted on samples from KPL BB-13 with mixed doses of alum and quicklime used were 0.02 and 0.10 grams; 0.03 and 0.12 grams; 0.04 and 0.14 grams; 0.05 and 0.16; 0.06 and 0.18; and 0.7 and 0.20. The best test results are at a mixed dose of 0.02 grams of alum and 0.10 grams of quicklime to obtain a pH value of 7 (neutral), besides that TSS and Fe metal levels have decreased. Mn metal also decreased, but did not meet environmental quality standards. Increased doses for field scale under actual conditions of observation required alum as much as 1.00 g/s and quicklime as much as 5.0052 g/s. The evaluation results show that the acid mine drainage treatment carried out by the company is more effective and efficient than the dose of laboratory test results.
The Effect of electrolyte concentration and temperature at electroplating with copper on the plate thickness and corrosion rate of plated gray cast iron Muhammad Iksanudin; Rahmad D. Widodo; Deni F. Fitriyana; Ayub B. Anggoro
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 29 No 3 (2023): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sriwijaya in collaboration with Asosiasi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknik Kimia Indonesia (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jtk.v29i3.1565

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of variations in electrolyte solution concentration and copper electroplating temperature on gray cast iron to achieve the desired copper layer thickness and reduce the corrosion rate of gray cast iron impeller pumps. A total of 30 test specimens made from gray cast iron were used, with dimensions conforming to the ASTM G31-72 standard for corrosion rate testing. The specimens were coated with copper electroplating using three different solutions: solution 1 (195 g/L copper sulfate, 45 g/L sulfuric acid), solution 2 (205 g/L copper sulfate, 50 g/L sulfuric acid), and solution 3 (215 g/L copper sulfate, 55 g/L sulfuric acid). Each solution was used with dipping temperatures of 30 – 34 °C, 40 – 44 °C, and 50 – 54 °C. After being coated with copper, the layer thickness was measured using a digital coating thickness gauge (F&NF type). The corrosion rate was then tested using the weight loss method, following the ASTM G31-72 standard, by immersing the specimens in seawater for 240 hours. The test results showed that the highest average thickness was achieved with solution 3 and a plating temperature of 50 – 54 °C, measuring 27.46 μm. The lowest average thickness was with solution 1 and a plating temperature of 30 – 34 °C, measuring 26.23 μm. The lowest corrosion rate was observed with solution 3 and a plating temperature of 50 – 54 °C, at 0.0041 mmpy, whereas the highest corrosion rate was found with solution 1 and a plating temperature of 30 – 34 °C, at 0.0079 mmpy. For comparison, the average corrosion rate of uncoated specimens was 2.2947 mmpy.
Optimization of CO2 methanation process using Ni-Fe/Al2O3 catalyst at low temperatures Yurika Dewi Safitri Liza; Fadarina H C; Anerasari Mediniariasty; Robert Junaidi
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 30 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sriwijaya in collaboration with Asosiasi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknik Kimia Indonesia (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jtk.v30i2.1601

Abstract

Carbon dioxide is one of the major contributors to the greenhouse effect. According to IEA data, energy-related carbon dioxide emissions increased by 6 % in 2021 to 36.3 billion tonnes. Methanation of carbon dioxide, known as the Sabatier reaction, is an exothermic reaction in which hydrogen and carbon dioxide react to form methane and water as a by-product. Methane is a colorless, odorless, non-toxic but flammable and hazardous gas. Nickel, Rhodium, and Ruthenium catalysts are some of the most widely used active catalytic constituents in CO2 methanation. Al2O3, SiO2, CeO2, ZrO2, TiO2, Nb2O5, and combinations of other constituents have been widely proposed and studied as catalyst supports. In this study, a Nickel catalyst was used with a combination of Al2O3 as a support and Fe as a promoter. The Nickel catalyst was chosen because it can absorb hydrogen, is cheap, and is very selective in methane formation. This study was conducted in situ, by reacting 1 gr, 2 gr, and 3 gr of Ni catalyst powder; 1 gr, 2 gr, and 3 gr of Al powder; Fe powder as much as 1 gr and 2 gr with 1 M NaOH solution which is heated while stirring at a speed of 100 rpm for 60 minutes. The highest methane gas yield was obtained in sample 10 with a mass of Ni, Al, and Fe respectively 3 gr, 1 gr, and 2 gr of 10.07 % with a CO2 conversion of 2.70 %. The more Ni and Fe catalyst
Extraction of natural dyes from tarum leaves (Indigofera Tinctoria L.) using the Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) method Yeni Variyana; Livia Rhea Alvita; Najlaa Ariibah Meutia; Aphrodita Luthfania Eka Putri; M. Mahfud
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 30 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sriwijaya in collaboration with Asosiasi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknik Kimia Indonesia (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jtk.v30i1.1604

Abstract

The rapid development of the textile industry has led to increased use of synthetic dyes. Although synthetic dyes are more practical and economical, their use can have adverse effects on health and the environment. Natural dyes are utilized as alternatives with indigo leaves (Indigofera tinctoria L.) being one source known for producing a blue color. However, the commonly used extraction methods require long extraction times and significant solvent consumption. Given the limitations of current methods, innovation is needed for an efficient extraction method that produces safe and environmentally friendly natural dyes, one of which is ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). Therefore, this study aims to determine the extraction process of indigo leaves using UAE method, then identify the parameters influencing the extraction process using the UAE, determine the extraction yield using UAE, assess the dyeing results of the extracted dye from indigo leaves on cotton fabric, and compare the extraction results of indigo dye through the UAE method with the addition of CaO and NaOH solutions. The results of this study indicate that the natural dye from Indigofera tinctoria obtained the best conditions at extraction time of 90 min, feed-to-solvent ratio of 0.05 g/ml, and CaO-to-solvent ratio of 0.005 g/ml. Furthermore, the addition of CaO solution obtained the highest yield at 4.25 %, while the addition of NaOH solution resulted in 4.8 %. Additionally, the analysis and test results of the application of natural dye from Indigofera tinctoria on cotton fabric revealed a darker color with the addition of NaOH solution compared to the addition of CaO solution.

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