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Kajian Pengaruh Konsentrasi Zeolit Alam Lampung pada Hidrasi Terpentin Menjadi Î±-Terpineol Sulistiowati, Dwi Derti; Hermiyati, Ria Putri; Utami, Herti; Ginting, Simparmin Br.
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 6 No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science

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Minyak terpentin Indonesia mengandung 65-85% Î±-pinene, kurang 1% camphene, 1-3% Ã-pinene, 10-18% 3-carene dan 1-3% limonene. Untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomisnya, Î±-pinena dapat dihidrasi menggunakan katalis asam menjadi Î±-terpineol. Penggunaan katalis heterogen berupa zeolit alam dapat menjadi alternatif baru sebagai pengganti katalis homogen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi katalis Zeolit Alam Lampung (ZAL) dan waktu reaksi optimal yang menghasilkan konversi tertinggi pada reaksi hidrasi terpentin menjadi Î±-terpineol. ZAL sebelum digunakan sebagai katalis dilakukan aktivasi secara kimia dan fisika untuk menghilangkan pengotor dan meningkatkan keasaman. Reaksi hidrasi dilakukan menggunakan variasi konsentrasi katalis sebesar 5%, 10% dan 15% dan variasi waktu reaksi 60 menit, 120 menit dan 180 menit. Reaksi ini dilakukan dalam labu leher tiga pada suhu 70oC dengan 20 mL terpentin, 109 mL aquadest dan 80 mL isopropil alkohol. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh konversi yang tertinggi pada konsentrasi katalis 15% dan waktu reaksi optimal 180 menit adalah 4,875%.

Modifikasi Tungku Penggorengan Kerupuk Lempit Melalui RancangBangunTungkudanArahSemburanApi Wardono, Herry; Badaruddin, M.; Ginting, Simparmin Br
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Darmajaya Vol 1 (2017): SEMNAS IIB DARMAJAYA
Publisher : Prosiding Seminar Nasional Darmajaya

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Di kabupaten Pringsewu, industri makanan olahan berbahan dasar singkong, kedelai dan jagung merupakan produk andalan industri rumah tangga, yang menjadi sumber utama produksi untuk oleh-oleh khas Lampung. Salah satu industri terbanyaknya yaitu industri kerupuk lempit. Usaha produksi kerupuk lempit merupakan sumber penghasilan utama. Tungku penggoreng kerupuk lempit masyarakat masih konvensional karena dibuat dari bata-tanah liat dengan masa usia pakai yang pendek. Hal ini disebabkan oleh panas yang berasal dari hasil pembakaran solar atau kayu bakar yang menyebabkan dinding tungku mudah retak dan pecah. Oleh karena itu, modifikasi dan desain ulang tungku yang berbahan dasar bata tahan api perlu dibuat kembali untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Selain itu untuk mengoptimalkan panas semburan api berasal dari kompor kupu-kupu berbahan bakar solar dilakukan. Dari hasil pengukuran sudut semburan api 65Â° diperoleh temperatur ruang bakar utama lebih besar sekitar 110 Â°C dibandingkan sudut semburan api 75Â°. Sedangkan temperatur ruang bakar suplai lebih rendah 88 Â°C. Dengan demikian, kondisi temperatur pada ruang bakar utama dan ruang bakar suplai sangat tepat untuk penggorengan kerupuk lempit dimana ruang bakar utama untuk penggorengan utama hasil kerupuk lempit dan ruang bakar suplai hanya bertujuan untuk pemanasan awal bahan dasar kerupuk sebelum menjadi kerupuk lempit. Untuk mendidihkan air hingga 98,5 oC tungku masyarakat memerlukan waktu 17,1 menit, sedangkan tungkubatatahanapiselama 13,6 menit.Â Kata kunci:Tungkubata tahan api, kerupuk lempit, arah semburan api

Extraction and Characterization of Coffee Oil From Instant-Coffee Waste Hanif, Muhammad; Harahap, Fahmi Alif Utama; Heru, Heru; Darni, Yuli; Ginting, Simparmin Br.
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 8, No 1 (2019): June 2019 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v8i1.18619

The higher demands of fossil energy usage are currently imbalance to its reserves. This issue will give a potency of fossil fuel scarcity that contributes on rising of its cost and disturbing economic stabilization in the future. It is desirable to find another resource which is sustainable and renewable to reduce the dependency on this resource. This study aimed to utilize the oil from instant coffee waste as biodiesel feedstocks. The coffee oil was extracted from instant-coffee waste by Soxhlet extractor and characterized its physical and chemical properties. The solvent extraction through the solid bed of coffee ground performed by five cycles interval using n-hexane as a solvent. Separation processing oil from its hydrocarbon solvent was in a rotary vacuum evaporator and the oil extract collected for further purposes. There was about 17.6% (on a dry weight basis) of coffee oil gained on 20 cycles of extraction. Analysis regarding its physicochemical properties reported that the crude oil has 0.89 g/mL of density, 43.82 mm2/s of kinematic viscosity, 44.47 mg KOH/g of acid value, and 176.40 mg KOH/g of saponification value. The fatty acids composition of the oil provided by GC-MS analyzer showed that unsaturated fatty acids contained, observed as trans-fatty acids rather than cis-fatty acids.

Pengaruh Jenis Solubility Promotor dan Waktu Reaksi pada Sintesis Î±-Terpineol dari Minyak Terpentin menggunakan Katalis Zeolit Alam Lampung Teraktivasi Hasanah, Nur; Putriani, Eka Nanda; Utami, Herti; Br. Ginting, Simparmin
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 8 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Turpentine is one of the essential oils that is produced in Indonesia.The main content of  turpentine is ?-pinene that can be synthesized into ?-terpineol. This product will give a higher selling value than sells turpentine  directly.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a kind of solubility promotor and reaction time on  the hydration of ?-pinene to produce ?-terpineol with natural zeolite catalyst (ZAL). The zeolite before being used as a catalyst, it was activated  to remove the impurities and to increase the acidity. In order to know the characteristics of zeolites were analyzed using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). In this study, the variables used were solubility promotors (isopropyl alcohol and ethanol) and reaction times (60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 minutes). The synthesis was carried out in a three-neck round bottom flask at 83°C , 20 mL of turpentine, 108 mL aquadest and 80 mL of solubility promotor. Compound the products of the reaction were analyzed using GC and GCMS. The results of this study showed that the highest conversion of 38.62% with the solubility promotor was ethanol at a reaction time of 300 minutes.

Resin Composite Synthesis Reinforced with Banana Tree Fiber with Carboxylic Silica (SiO2-COOH) Addition as a Nanofiller Damaru, Restu; Novaringga, Adellia; Darmansyah, Darmansyah; Ginting, Simparmin Br.
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 10 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Banana tree fiber is a natural fiber that has been widely applied to various needs, for example to a mixture of fabrication composite material, carbon film, and so on. To get a strong composite material, special treatment is required by add another material like nanofiller silica carboxyl (SiO2-COOH), then combined with various types of resin, so that the fiber-based composite material has stronger characteristics than fiber carbon, fiberglass, and another high strength material. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of resin type and nanofiller concentration on the mechanical properties of composites. In this research, a composite resin with banana tree fiber was reinforced with the addition of nanofillers with the variations used namely the type of resin and the concentration of the nanofiller. The best variation in nanofiller concentration is the variation with a concentration of 0.05% w/v in the type of vinyl ester resin. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) shows that nanofiller morphology has been evenly distributed inside the resin matrix. While the tensile strength test using the Ultimate Tensile Machine (UTM) tensile strength test tool Chun Yen 10 kN obtained a tensile strength value of 89.57 MPa and an elongation value of about 1.20%.

Vinyl Ester Composite Synthesis Reinforced with Banana Tree Fiber with the Nanofiller Addition Darmansyah, Darmansyah; Novaringga, Adellia; Damaru, Restu; Ginting, Simparmin Br.
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 10 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v10i2.47890

Indonesia has the potential for natural fiber wealth which is very abundant and varied therefore it is a very interesting opportunity in the development of polymer composites using natural fiber from a banana tree. To get a composite material that has strong mechanical properties, that is by adding other materials such as nanofiller (Al2O3, SiO2, and TiO2) combined with vinyl ester resin and banana tree fiber using the hand lay-up method to produce a composite that has stronger mechanical properties than fiberglass. In this research vinyl ester composite synthesis reinforced with banana tree fiber with the addition of nanofiller which aims to determine how the effect of nanofiller type and nanofiller concentration on the mechanical properties of composite and how the bonding strength of composites through SEM analysis. The results showed that for the Al2O3 nanofiller, the highest tensile strength was with a fraction of 5% with a value of 74,81 MPa with an elongation of 1,07%, for SiO2 nanofiller the highest tensile strength was with a fraction of 0,05% with a value of 89,57 MPawith an elongation of 1,20%, and for TiO2 nanofiller the highest tensile strength was with a fraction 0f 1% with a value of 75,33 MPawith an elongation of 1,05%. The results of SEM analysis show a fairly good matrix bond.

Kajian Pengaruh Konsentrasi Zeolit Alam Lampung pada Hidrasi Terpentin Menjadi Î±-Terpineol Sulistiowati, Dwi Derti; Hermiyati, Ria Putri; Utami, Herti; Ginting, Simparmin Br.
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 6 No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v6i2.16795

Minyak terpentin Indonesia mengandung 65-85% Î±-pinene, kurang 1% camphene, 1-3% ÃŸ-pinene, 10-18% 3-carene dan 1-3% limonene. Untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomisnya, Î±-pinena dapat dihidrasi menggunakan katalis asam menjadi Î±-terpineol. Penggunaan katalis heterogen berupa zeolit alam dapat menjadi alternatif baru sebagai pengganti katalis homogen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi katalis Zeolit Alam Lampung (ZAL) dan waktu reaksi optimal yang menghasilkan konversi tertinggi pada reaksi hidrasi terpentin menjadi Î±-terpineol. ZAL sebelum digunakan sebagai katalis dilakukan aktivasi secara kimia dan fisika untuk menghilangkan pengotor dan meningkatkan keasaman. Reaksi hidrasi dilakukan menggunakan variasi konsentrasi katalis sebesar 5%, 10% dan 15% dan variasi waktu reaksi 60 menit, 120 menit dan 180 menit. Reaksi ini dilakukan dalam labu leher tiga pada suhu 70oC dengan 20 mL terpentin, 109 mL aquadest dan 80 mL isopropil alkohol. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh konversi yang tertinggi pada konsentrasi katalis 15% dan waktu reaksi optimal 180 menit adalah 4,875%.

Pengaruh Jenis Solubility Promotor dan Waktu Reaksi pada Sintesis Î±-Terpineol dari Minyak Terpentin menggunakan Katalis Zeolit Alam Lampung Teraktivasi Hasanah, Nur; Putriani, Eka Nanda; Utami, Herti; Br. Ginting, Simparmin
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 8 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v8i2.30409

Turpentine is one of the essential oils that is produced in Indonesia.The main content of turpentine is Î±-pinene that can be synthesized into Î±-terpineol. This product will give a higher selling value than sells turpentine directly.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a kind of solubility promotor and reaction time on the hydration of Î±-pinene to produce Î±-terpineol with natural zeolite catalyst (ZAL). The zeolite before being used as a catalyst, it was activated to remove the impurities and to increase the acidity. In order to know the characteristics of zeolites were analyzed using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). In this study, the variables used were solubility promotors (isopropyl alcohol and ethanol) and reaction times (60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 minutes). The synthesis was carried out in a three-neck round bottom flask at 83Â°C , 20 mL of turpentine, 108 mL aquadest and 80 mL of solubility promotor. Compound the products of the reaction were analyzed using GC and GCMS. The results of this study showed that the highest conversion of 38.62% with the solubility promotor was ethanol at a reaction time of 300 minutes.

Resin Composite Synthesis Reinforced with Banana Tree Fiber with Carboxylic Silica (SiO2-COOH) Addition as a Nanofiller Damaru, Restu; Novaringga, Adellia; Darmansyah, Darmansyah; Ginting, Simparmin Br.
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 10 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Banana tree fiber is a natural fiber that has been widely applied to various needs, for example to a mixture of fabrication composite material, carbon film, and so on. To get a strong composite material, special treatment is required by add another material like nanofiller silica carboxyl (SiO2-COOH), then combined with various types of resin, so that the fiber-based composite material has stronger characteristics than fiber carbon, fiberglass, and another high strength material. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of resin type and nanofiller concentration on the mechanical properties of composites. In this research, a composite resin with banana tree fiber was reinforced with the addition of nanofillers with the variations used namely the type of resin and the concentration of the nanofiller. The best variation in nanofiller concentration is the variation with a concentration of 0.05% w/v in the type of vinyl ester resin. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) shows that nanofiller morphology has been evenly distributed inside the resin matrix. While the tensile strength test using the Ultimate Tensile Machine (UTM) tensile strength test tool Chun Yen 10 kN obtained a tensile strength value of 89.57 MPa and an elongation value of about 1.20%.

Vinyl Ester Composite Synthesis Reinforced with Banana Tree Fiber with the Nanofiller Addition Darmansyah, Darmansyah; Novaringga, Adellia; Damaru, Restu; Ginting, Simparmin Br.
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 10 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v10i2.47890

Indonesia has the potential for natural fiber wealth which is very abundant and varied therefore it is a very interesting opportunity in the development of polymer composites using natural fiber from a banana tree. To get a composite material that has strong mechanical properties, that is by adding other materials such as nanofiller (Al2O3, SiO2, and TiO2) combined with vinyl ester resin and banana tree fiber using the hand lay-up method to produce a composite that has stronger mechanical properties than fiberglass. In this research vinyl ester composite synthesis reinforced with banana tree fiber with the addition of nanofiller which aims to determine how the effect of nanofiller type and nanofiller concentration on the mechanical properties of composite and how the bonding strength of composites through SEM analysis. The results showed that for the Al2O3 nanofiller, the highest tensile strength was with a fraction of 5% with a value of 74,81 MPa with an elongation of 1,07%, for SiO2 nanofiller the highest tensile strength was with a fraction of 0,05% with a value of 89,57 MPawith an elongation of 1,20%, and for TiO2 nanofiller the highest tensile strength was with a fraction 0f 1% with a value of 75,33 MPawith an elongation of 1,05%. The results of SEM analysis show a fairly good matrix bond.

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