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Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum
Published by Universitas Pekalongan
ISSN : 14126605     EISSN : 23016426     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Pena Justisia aims to provide a forum for lecturers and researchers to publish the original articles about Law Science. Focus of Pena Justisia is publishing the manuscript of outcome study, and conceptual ideas which specific in the sector of Law science. We are interested in topics which relate generally to Law issues in Indonesia and around the world. Articles submitted might cover topical issues in Criminal Law, Civil Law, International Law, Islamic Law, Agrarian Law, Administrative Law, Criminal Procedural Law, Commercial Law, Constitutional Law, Civil Procedural Law, Adat Law, and Environmental Law.
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Articles 37 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 24 No. 2 (2025): Pena Justisia" : 37 Documents clear
Cross-Border Consumer Resolution through TikTok: A Legal Perspective on Consumer Protection in Indonesia Respati Paramudhita, Radea
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 24 No. 2 (2025): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v24i2.6368

Abstract

The rapid emergence of TikTok as a digital marketplace has transformed the landscape of cross-border e-commerce. Originally functioning as a social media application, TikTok now facilitates direct commercial transactions between sellers and consumers across national borders, particularly in Southeast Asia. This shift raises significant legal concerns regarding consumer protection, jurisdictional reach, and dispute resolution. Legal systems, especially in developing countries like Indonesia, are often unprepared to address the complexity of disputes arising from such cross-jurisdictional interactions. This study, through a normative juridical approach and literature-based analysis, evaluates the limitations of Indonesia’s current legal regime in ensuring effective consumer protection in the digital trade context. The discussion emphasizes the necessity of strengthening Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) mechanisms and fostering international regulatory harmonization. Recommendations are proposed to address legislative gaps and institutional weaknesses in anticipation of the growing role of global e-commerce platforms in shaping consumer transactions.
Turkish Religious Diplomacy An Analysis of Efforts to Achieve Socio-Political Consensus Through the 2016 Global Islamic Calendar Congress Arafat, Muhammad; Azhari, Susiknan; Budiwati, Anisah; Yusril Nurilham
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 24 No. 2 (2025): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v24i2.7047

Abstract

The absence of a universally accepted Hijri calendar has long generated socio-religious fragmentation across the Muslim world, with recurrent divergences over the start of Ramadan, Shawwal, and Dhu al-Hijjah. This article interprets the 2016 International Hijri Calendar Unity Congress in Istanbul not merely as a technical-astronomical gathering but as a strategic exercise in religious diplomacy orchestrated by Turkey’s Presidency of Religious Affairs (Diyanet). Using a descriptive–analytical qualitative design, the study synthesizes academic, institutional, and media sources to examine how Turkey leveraged agenda-setting, coalition-building, and procedural innovation to advance calendar unification. Historically embedded within a longer OIC-linked process (2005 Yemen resolutions; 2008 Mecca; 2013 Istanbul), the 2016 congress converted protracted deliberation into a vote-backed, criteria-specific decision package. Subsequent diffusion (most clearly the SGHC adoption by Muhammadiyah for full implementation from 26 June 2025) demonstrates Turkey’s capacity to translate scientific-fiqh convergence into transnational policy uptake. Findings indicate that the congress projected Turkey as a modern, rational leader capable of reframing a civilizational problem while subtly contesting traditional Arab religious authorities. Yet universal consensus remains elusive due to sovereignty politics (notably in Saudi Arabia), OIC institutional inertia, and grassroots attachment to local rukyat. The article clarifies both the reach and the limits of Turkey’s faith-based soft power in a polycentric Islamic order.
A Bibliometric Analysis and Mapping of The Global Research Landscape on Public Distrust Toward The Police: Implications for The Indonesian National Police Rudy Candra; Ahmad Tamrin Sikumbang; Anang Anas Azhar
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 24 No. 2 (2025): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v24i2.7073

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the global research landscape regarding public distrust toward the police and its implications for strengthening the legitimacy of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia. This study uses a bibliometric method with a quantitative-descriptive approach to analyze the global landscape of research on public distrust toward the police and its implications for strengthening the legitimacy of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia. Data obtained from Crossref, Scopus, and Google Scholar for the 2020–2025 period using the keywords "police," "legitimacy," "trust," "distrust," and "public perception." The analysis was carried out through network analysis, co-occurrence mapping, and density visualization using VOSviewer. The results of the study show that global research is still focused on the issues of police legitimacy, public perception, and law enforcement, while public distrust has not been studied as an independent variable. Research representation in developing countries, including Indonesia, is still minimal, indicating a contextual gap and the dominance of developed countries' perspectives. Implicitly, this study emphasizes the need to reposition public distrust as an independent conceptual construct and encourage police reform based on procedural fairness by design, transparency through accountability analytics, and strengthening citizen engagement to build public trust and strengthen the institutional legitimacy of the police.
Cyber Warfare: Exploring New Dimensions in the History of Modern Warfare in Indonesia Dwiyanti, Lusiana; Ayu Agung; Joni Widjayanto; Robby MT
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 24 No. 2 (2025): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v24i2.7111

Abstract

Cyber warfare has become a significant threat in the current digital era, with an increasing number of cyberattacks targeting critical infrastructure and national defence systems. As cyberattacks continue to evolve and impact various sectors, this study aims to explore a new dimension of modern warfare that has not been extensively documented in Indonesia's official war history. The primary focus of this study is to document and analyse cyber conflicts as a form of new warfare history, which is becoming increasingly relevant in the digital world. A comparison between physical warfare and cyber warfare is conducted to examine the differences in impact, actors, and strategies employed in both forms of conflict. In addition, the study also examines the weaknesses in Indonesia’s cyber defence structure over the past decade and provides recommendations for developing a stronger and more adaptive cyber defence doctrine. Through a historiographical approach and critical analysis, this study is expected to contribute to the development of Indonesia’s digital defence foundations and the formulation of a more adaptive cyber defence doctrine to enhance Indonesia's preparedness in facing future cyber threats.
The Phenomenon of Artificial Intelligence Exploitation in Personal Data Abuse on ChatGPT Suwandoko; Yusticia Dewi Maharani; Haerudin; Eni Setyo Susilowati; Rini Fidiyani; Suhadi
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 24 No. 2 (2025): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v24i2.7118

Abstract

Misuse of personal data in the use of ChatGPT, there is a leak of personal data in Indonesia as many as 2,555 accounts. The need for the role of law as a means of social control to emphasize how law can function adaptively in a digital society, thereby providing new contributions in the formulation of personal data protection strategies amidst the advancement of artificial intelligence, especially ChatGPT. The purpose of this study is to analyze the sociological study of law on the phenomenon of digital society in the use of ChatGPT and analyze how to overcome the phenomenon of artificial intelligence exploitation in the misuse of personal data in the use of ChatGPT. The type of research used in this study is normative juridical. That the sociology of law has the meaning as a law that responds to the phenomenon of the use of ChatGPT, legal sociology plays a role in protecting public interests and maintaining justice. Referring to the development of digital technology and the increasingly widespread use of ChatGPT in people's lives, serious problems arise regarding the protection of personal data that is vulnerable to misuse. In this context, responsive law is relevant because it offers openness to adapt to social dynamics and answers the needs of the digital society. As a tool of social control, the law plays a role not only in maintaining security and order, but also in ensuring that people's rights are protected amidst the flow of technological transformation.
Cooperatives As Pillars Of A People-Centered Economy: A Constitutional Law Analysis Of Cooperative Regulation In Indonesia A. Saiful Aziz; Mahmutarom Harun Rasyid; Jawade Hafidz; Tri Handayani; Ganis Vitayanty Noor
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 24 No. 2 (2025): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v24i2.7183

Abstract

Cooperatives in Indonesia hold a unique constitutional status, enshrined in Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution, as instruments to achieve economic democracy and collective welfare. However, the practical realization of these ideals remains hindered by outdated regulatory frameworks, particularly Law No. 25 of 1992, which fails to reflect the dynamics of digital transformation,inclusive development, and modern governance. This study adopts a normative juridical method to examine the alignment of cooperative law with constitutional principles, focusing on the philosophical foundations, doctrinal interpretations, and historical evolution of cooperative governance. Through analysis of primary legal sources, academic literature, and recent policyinitiatives such as the Koperasi Merah Putih movementthis research reveals significant normative gaps, legal fragmentation, and institutional constraints within the current regulatory regime. The study argues for a fundamental legal reconstruction that positions cooperatives not as peripheral economic actors but as constitutional agents of equitable and sustainable development. It proposes key legal reforms including the recognition of digital cooperatives, enhanced accountability mechanisms, and integration with national development platforms. The findings emphasize the urgent need for a responsive, inclusive, and constitutionally grounded legal framework to revitalize the cooperative sector in post-pandemic and digitalIndonesia.
Legal Protection for Notaries in Reporting Money Laundering Crimes Using the Whistleblower Protection Model in Indonesia Ali Abdullah; Suhendar; Rini Meliana; Muhammad Sirajuddin Qahtan Hamdan
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 24 No. 2 (2025): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v24i2.7114

Abstract

The notary profession, as a public official authorized to create authentic deeds, is often vulnerable to money laundering cases due to the complexity of client transactions that cannot be fully verified. This study aims to analyze the concept of legal protection for notaries in money laundering cases and optimize the role of whistleblower protection as an effective protection instrument. The research method uses a normative juridical approach with an analysis of laws and regulations, court decisions, and comparative studies of protection systems in other countries. The results show that existing legal protection mechanisms, such as the approval of the Regional Notary Honorary Council (MKNW) and the Witness and Victim Protection Law, are still weak because they are procedural and unresponsive to the complexity of money laundering cases. Notaries face a dilemma between the obligation to report suspicious transactions and the principle of client confidentiality, plus the application of the burdensome principle of reverse burden of proof. Optimizing whistleblower protection requires the reconstruction of a comprehensive legal framework through regulatory amendments, including the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) and other regulations to provide protection for notaries. This can be done by establishing a Legal Profession Protection Agency, developing special reporting protocols, and an inter-institutional integration system. The ideal protection model should provide legal immunity for whistleblowers in good faith, guarantee identity confidentiality, and a compensation mechanism for notaries who suffer losses due to the implementation of professional obligations.

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