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INDONESIA
GEMA KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
ISSN : 16933761     EISSN : 24078948     DOI : -
Jurnal ini menerima artikel dengan scope sanitasi lingkungan meliputi penyehatan air, pengolahan limbah, penyehatan makanan minuman, penyehatan tanah dan pengolahan sampah, sanitasi tempat umum, kesehatan keselamatan kerja, penyehatan udara sanitasi permukiman dan promosi kesehatan.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 298 Documents
PENGARUH JENIS AIR RENDAMAN TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR FORMALIN PADA IKAN TONGKOL (Euthynnus affinis) Devi Arifatin Giyanti; Narwati .; Margono .
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 12, No 2 (2014): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v12i2.70

Abstract

Fish is an example of perishable food. To prevent fish from deteriorating quickly, proper handlingis required during storage to extend the shelf life, among other things, one of which is by the addition ofpreservatives. the extension of food shelf lives, people often misused formaldehyde as a foodpreservative. Formaldehyde itself is banned for use as food ingredients as it may be harmful to humanhealth, such as irritation of the stomach, its carcinogenic properties (causing cancer), and may bringabout death.This was an experimental study using one group pretest-posttest design to investigate the effectof soaking water on the reduction of formaldehyde levels in cobs. There were 48 samples in 6replications of each treatment group. The dependent variable in this study was the formaldehyde levelsin cobs and the independent variables was the type of soaking water (tap water, hot water attemperature of 50 DCand 5% vinegar), soaking were exercised for 30 minutes. The data were analyzedusing paired t test and Anova test.The result showed that all three types of soaking water were able to reduce levels of formaldehydein cobs, where tap water reduced formaldehyde level by 53.7% at p a (0.05), hot water attemperature of 50 DCreduced formaldehyde level by 62.6% at p a (0.05), and vinegar 5% reducedformaldehyde level by 42.4% at p a (0.05). The Anova test between treatment groups indicated thatsoaking water resulted in a value of p a (0.05)It can be concluded that types of soaking water have no effect on the reduction of formaldehydelevel in cobs. However, there were significant differences in reduction of formaldehyde level before andafter the soaking treatment. The stydy suggested that further research needs to be conducted on otherfish samples using different concentration of soaking water and soaking time.
Pemanfaatan Urin Sapi sebagai Bahan Baku Pupuk Organik Cair (Studi Eksperimen Penambahan Aktifator Air Kelapa dan Gula Merah tahun 2017) Nurika Octa; Rachmaniyah .; Imam Thohari
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 16, No 1 (2018): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v16i1.821

Abstract

" Beef is one of waste waste from human activities. Cow's urine must be well managed in order to reduce environmental pollution. Management of bovine urine by means of turning it into a fertilizer in Add Activator coconut milk, brown sugar and EM4 can reduce environmental pollution and beneficial to the plant. The purpose of this research was to analyze the cow's urine as a liquid organic fertilizer raw materials This type of research are True Experiment, with the design of the Posttest Only Control Group Design. Research methods to measure the levels of Nitrogen, phosphorus and Potassium in the treatment and control groups with a dose of a comparison of the coconut milk and brown sugar 240:16, 160:8 and 200:12. The location of the research carried out in the village of Tugu sub-district of Mantup Lamongan. Data is processed using tabulations further described with based on regulation of the Minister of agriculture no. 70/Permentan/SR 140/10/2011. Test results measuring the levels of the most highest value NPK averaged ratanya in the treatment of 1 with doses of a comparison 240:16. For pH values all liquid fertilizer meet the standard is 5 – 6. After applied on plants that grow quickly in plants that give fertilizer with a dose of 240:16. The addition of the EM4, Activator coconut water and brown sugar can change the cow urine into fertilizer Liquid Nitrogen and potassium levels qualify yet for Phosphorus levels have not been qualified. Need to research more about the effective dose in the manufacture of liquid organic fertilizer that meets the terms of the regulation of the Minister of agriculture no. 70/Permentan/SR 140/10/2011 About Biological Fertilizers, organic fertilizers and Pembenah Soil.Keywords : Cow urine, Activator coconut juice, brown sugar and EM4
MICROBIOLOGICAL AIR QUALITY IN INTENSIVE NURSING WARDS, OF BRAWIlAYA HOSPITAL SURABAYA Septia Anggraini; Erna Triastuti; Moh. Muchson
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 11, No 2 (2013): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v11i2.196

Abstract

Intensive nursing rooms is known high risk zone in which the quality of air should bekept up to the highest standard because it may result in various health disorders. Thisresearch aims to discover the quality of air within the intensive nursing rooms of the BrawijayaHospital in Surabaya in 2013 through comparison with designated standards set forth inhealth ministry decree No. 1204/MENKES/SK/X/2004 re: health requirements of for hospitals.This descriptive research has been conducted at Brawijaya Hospital Surabaya in May2013. There were 11 rooms under study to be represented by air samples taken from 3rooms, i.e. Nusa Indah Room, Dahlia Room, and Tulip Room. The variables to be studiedamong others were microbiological quality of air as shown by number of germs, physicalmeasurements consisting temperature and humidity, assessment of room construction, densityof occupation, and purifying process.Results indicated that the highest number of germ before purifying process was 444CFU/m3 while at the time of patient visitation the number was 672 CFU/m3 meaning that theydid not comply to the requirements stated in health ministry decree no.1204/MENKES/SK/X/2004 which stated that the number of germs in children nursing room is200 CFU/m3 and adult nursing room is 200-500 CFU/m3• The highest temperature recorded atthe time before purifying process was 30°C and the humidity was 57%; while at the time ofpatient visitation the measurements indicated a temperature of 32°C and humidity of 58%.Density assessment has complied to the designated requirements: for a children nursing roomis 2 m2/bed and adult nursing room is 4.5 m2/bed. Pertaining to room and buildingconstruction of the intensive nursing ward that did not comply to the requirement was 60%while the purifying proces which did not comply with the requirements was 54%.Research concluded that number of germs in Nusa Indah Room at the time beforepurifying process and in Tulip Room at the time of patient visitation were clearly not complyingto the requirements. The suggestion included monitoring the quality of air on a regular basisin accordance with the health minister decree No. 1204/MENKES/SK/X/2004.Keyword: Mikrobiological, Air Quality, Intensif Nursing Wards
PENURUNAN KANDUNGAN BOD, COD, TSS, WARNA DAN PENGENDALIAN pH LIMBAH CAIR BATIK MENGGUNAKAN PROSES ELEKTROKOAGULASI TAHUN 2015 Novika Hildayanti; Sudjarwo .; Fitri Rokhmalia
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 14, No 1 (2016): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v14i1.125

Abstract

Home industry batik is among the largest producers of liquid  waste originating from the dyeing process. Those home industries discharge liquid waste to the surrounding water determine the capability of electrocoagulation to reduce the contents of BOD, COD, TSS, color and pH of liquid water from batik home industry.Electrocoagulation was used in the study with a stainless steel anode and an aluminium cathode.Result showed a decrease in BOD content from 855,85mg/l at minute 30 to 54,42 mg/l at minute 180. There was decrease in COD content from 1685,9mg/l at minute 30 to 98,30 mg/l at minute 180. There was decrease in TSS content from 720 mg/l at minute 30 to 50 mg/l at minute 180. There was decrease in color content from 242 TCU at minute 30 to 10,66 TCU at minute 180. An increase in pH of 6,9 occurred from minute 30 and remained stable for next minutes.They goverment is recommended to use electrocoagulation equipment since it fairly effective to reduce the contents of BOD, COD, TSS, color and pH in order for the liquid batik waste to meet the quality standards of Eat Java Governor Regulation No. 72 of 2013. Electrocoagulation equipment is quite easy to make and it can be designed according to local people conditions.
UJI EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK BIJI KETUMBAR (Coriandrum sativum) SEBAGAI REPELLENT NYAMUK Aedes aegypti Nurul Jubaedah; Winarko .; Fitri Rohmalia
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 15, No 2 (2017): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v15i2.677

Abstract

Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Surabaya semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya. Salah satu pencegahan untuk menurunkan kasus penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) dengan menggunakan repellent. Repellent dapat dibuat dari bahan alami yaitu ketumbar (Coriandrum sativum)yang di ekstrak. Ketumbar (Coriandrum sativum) memiliki kandungan linalool yang terkenal sebagai bahan yang dapat mencegah nyamuk Aedes aegypti untuk menggigit. Kandungan linalool pada ketumbar (Coriandrum sativum) sebesar 60-70%. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis efektifitas ekstrak biji ketumbar sebagai repellent terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti.            Jenis penelitian ini eksperimen murni dengan desain penelitian Rancangan Eksperimen Sederhana (posttest only with control group design). Kelompok perlakuan diberi perlakuan dengan dosis bertingkat. Terdapat 5 perlakuan repellent dari ekstrak ketumbar (Coriandrum sativum) terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti yaitu 0%, 45%, 50%, 55%, dan 60% dengan replikasi sebanyak 4 kali. Kondisi yang dikendalikan yaitu suhu, kelembaban dan karakteristik nyamuk. Teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh dari hasil observasi eksperimental dan wawancara. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis secara analitik menggunakan uji One way ANOVA dan menggunakan analisis probit.            Nyamuk Aedes aegypti yang kontak paling sedikit yaitu 1 ekor pada konsentrasi 60%. Suhu dan kelembaban ruang penelitian homogen. Tidak ada perbedaan jumlah nyamuk kontak pada  konsentrasi ekstrak biji ketumbar 0%, 45%, 50%, 55%, dan 60%. Konsentrasi yang paling efektif dari hasil probit yaitu konsentrasi 60% dengan daya tolak sebesar 98% dan daya proteksi lama waktu yang memenuhi standar WHO selama 2 jam. Saran untuk peneliti selanjutnya agar meningkatkan konsentrasi untuk mendapatkan daya proteksi 100%. Penelitian terhadap jenis nyamuk yang lainnya seperti nyamuk Culex sp, Anopheles sp, Mansonia sp dan Aedes albopictus. Membuat repellent ekstrak biji ketumbar dalam bentuk krim atau gel.           Kata kunci : ekstrak ketumbar, nyamuk Aedes aegypti, dan repellent
Potensi Filtrat Daun Sukun (Artocarpus altilis) Sebagai Bioinsektisida Lalat Rumah (Musca domestica) Ani Yuanita; Ngadino .; Suprijandani .
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 19, No 1 (2021): GEMA Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v19i1.1296

Abstract

Flies is one type of Arthropod insect as a vector and carrier of disease. Control of flies by using chemical insecticides continuously results in resistance to flies and can pollute the environment. Another alternative that can be used is a plant insecticide that is derived from breadfruit leaf plants. Phytochemical results of breadfruit leaves have 1.88% Flavonoids, Saponins 2.26%, and Tanins 1.05%. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of breadfruit leaf filtrate as a bioinsecticide of house flies (Musca domestica).This type of research uses pure experiments with a post test only control group design with a concentration of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, control and 5 replications. The number of house flies used was 375. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test.The results showed p 0.05 which means that there were differences in the average death of house flies by using various concentrations of each treatment. Probit test obtained Lethal Concentration (LC50) results at the first hour ie at a concentration of 5.189%, the 12th hour at a concentration of 3.930% and the 24th hour showed a concentration of 3.086%.Suggestions for other researchers can do the same research by comparing with other plants that contain active compounds that have the potential to kill house flies (Musca domestica). Other plants that have higher active compound content can be used as a recommendation for bio-degradable plant-based insecticides.
TEMPAT PERINDUKAN NYAMUK Aedes sp. PADA SEKOLAH DASAR DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PONOROGO UTARA KABUPATEN PONOROGO Tuhu Pinardi; Vincentius Supriyono; Mujiono .
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 13, No 2 (2015): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v13i2.93

Abstract

Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ponorogo Utara setiap tahunnya terdapat pasien DBD dengan jumlahpenderita terbanyak berumur 5-14 tahun. Penderita terbanyak adalah anak-anak Sekolah Dasaryang biasanya berumur 6-13 tahun. Sehingga anak-anak sekolah dasar lebih rentan terkenapenyakit DBD. Nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan  Aedes albopictus merupakan nyamuk yang menggigitpada siang hari. Kemungkinan besar anak-anak tertular penyakit DBD di lingkungan sekolah karenapada siang hari waktu mereka dihabiskan di sekolah. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahuikarakteristik tempat perindukan nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan  Aedes albopictus pada Sekolah Dasardi Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ponorogo Utara Kabupaten Ponorogo tahun 2013.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan secarasistematis pada saat penelitian dilaksanakan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua SekolahDasar yang berjumlah 22 Sekolah Dasar (SD). Data dalam penelitian ini yaitu dianalisis secaradeskriptif dikaitkan dengan teori-teori yang ada.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nyamuk Aedes lebih suka berkembang biak di kontainer yang berisi air yang  bersih yaitu bak mandi berbahan gelas atau keramik, tidak tertutup dan berwarna gelap. Angka Container Index (CI) sebesar 21,1 % jika dibandingkan dengan standar Container Index (CI) berarti risiko penularan tinggi karena ≥ 15 %, angka House Index (HI) adalah 59,1 %jika dibandingkan dengan standar House Index (HI) berarti risiko penularan tinggi karena ≥ 38 %.Untuk itu disarankansetiap Sekolah Dasar memperhatikan lingkungan sekitar sekolah khususnyapada kontainer-kontainer penampungan air yang dapat mendukung berkembangbiaknya vektorDemam Berdarah juga untuk dinas kesehatan agar dapat mengaktifkan petugas kesehatan dalamupaya penyuluhan, pengendalian vektor penyakit.
HUBUNGAN KADAR GAS METAN (CH4) DENGAN KELUHAN SALURAN PERNAPASAN PEKERJA WISATA LUMPUR SIDOARJO Farida Aisyah NB; Suprijandani .; Khambali .
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 16, No 3 (2018): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v16i3.897

Abstract

Bencana lumpur Sidoarjo yang terjadi  pada 29 Mei 2006 diakibatkan karena kesalahan operasional dalam pengeboran. Semburan lumpur ini mengeluarkan gas polutan yang dapat mencemari lingkungan dan menambah komposisi bahan pencemar di udara ambien. Salah satu gas pencemar udara yang dihasilkan dari semburan lumpur Sidoarjo adalah gas Metan (CH4). Keberadaan gas Metan (CH4) di udara ambien sangat berpengaruh terhadap kerusakan lingkungan salah satunya mengakibatkan gangguan kesehatan terhadap manusia berupa kekurangan asupan Oksigen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar gas Metan (CH4) terhadap keluhan saluran pernapasan pekerja wisata lumpur Sidoarjo di sekitar semburan lumpur.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan pengukuran. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 150 orang, sedangkan yang digunakan sebagai sampel penelitian sebanyak 60 orang. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis dengan uji statistik yaitu Kendall’s tau-b.Hasil pengukuran pada kualitas fisik udara meliputi suhu, kelembaban, kecepatan angin, dan arah angin semuanya memenuhi syarat. Hasil pengukuran kadar gas Metan (CH4) di 3 titik pengukuran hanya 1 yang memenuhi syarat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kadar gas Metan (CH4) dengan keluhan saluran pernapasan pekerja (p ≤ 0,05). Keluhan saluran pernapasan yang dimiliki pekerja tersebut memiliki hubungan dengan karakteristik pekerja yang meliputi umur dan lama bekerja (p ≤ 0,05).Disarankan melakukan pemantauan secara rutin serta penghijauan guna mengendalikan kadar gas Metan (CH4) di udara ambien. Pekerja wisata lumpur Sidoarjo disarankan menggunakan masker pada saat berada di sekitar semburan lumpur serta melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan secara rutin.Kata Kunci : CH4, Pekerja, Keluhan Saluran Pernapasan
FERMENTASI JERAMI PADI UNTUK KOMPOS DENGAN BEBERAPA AKTIVATOR KOTORAN TERNAK DI DUSUN SUGIHAN TUBAN TAHUN 2016 Eliya Malika Oktavia; Darjati .; Mamik .
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 14, No 2 (2016): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v14i2.251

Abstract

Dusun Sugihan has thewidest area of paddy field in Desa Sumberejo with post-harvest rice straw of 12 tons/ha.Those rice straw have not used optimally.Ifleft untreated, it can spoil the aesthetics of the environment, generates odor and becomes a den of disease vectors. The purpose of the present study was to determine the fermentation process of composts and the quality of composts produced with regard to temperature, humidity, pH, water content, C/N ratio and levels of Pb in composts.The present study was a pre-experiment usinga statistical group comparison. Data were analyzed descriptively in order to describe the results of the field inspection and laboratory testing in accordance with SNI 19-7030-2004 on Compost Quality Standards. Results of this 8-wk study showed that the fastest composting time was for the compost with chicken manure was the activator at a dose of 30% for 3 weeks.In terms of compost quality, which includes temperature, pH, humidity, water content and levels of Pb,all of the composts fulfilled the requirements. However, with regard to C/N ratio,those composts with activator of 10% cow manure,10% goat manure and no manure did not fulfill the requirements with a C/N ratio of 27.36, 23.64 and 26.75, respectively. Therefore, it is recommended to make composts using manure as an activatorat a dose ≥20% in order for fulfillment of C/N ratio and shorter composting time. Keywords: Compost fermentation, rice straw, manure as activator
DAYA PREDASI IKAN CUPANG (Betta splendens) DAN IKAN PLATI PEDANG (Xyphophorus Helleri) TERHADAP LARVA NYAMUK Aedes aegypti Fathul Alim; Winarko .; Ernita Sari
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 18, No 1 (2020): GEMA Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v18i1.1123

Abstract

Ikan cupang sudah terbukti sebagai pemangsa jentik aedes aegypti atau ikan bersifat karnivora yang memakan hampir semua binatang kecil yang hidup di air. Sedangkan di tempat-tempat budidaya, beberapa pakan alami yang umumnya diberikan yaitu daphnia, moina dan cacing Tubifek. Ikan cupang juga diketahui merupakan salah satu ikan predator jentik nyamuk. Ikan plati pedang termasuk ikan omnivora, tetapi lebih cenderung menyukai makanan dari tumbuh-tumbuhan. Makanan harus tersedia sejak fase larva, oleh karena itu kebanyakan pembudidaya ikan terlebih dahulu telah menyediakan atau melakukan kultur pakan alami sebelum memijahkan ikan. Menurut penelitian terdahulu ikan Xyphophorus Helleri (ikan plati pedang) dengan ukuran kira-kira 2 cm dalam waktu 1 hari dapat memangsa larva atau jentik nyamuk mencapai 116 ekor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan  daya predasi  ikan cupang (Betta sp.) dan ikan plati pedang (xyphophorus Helleri) terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti.Jenis penelitian ini adalah  eksperimen murni yang dilaksanakan di lab. entomologi dengan desain one shoot chase study. Subyek penelitian adalah larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti instar III, ikan cupang dan plati pedang masing-masing replikasi sebanyak 16 kali. Setiap waktu pengamatan  menggunakan larva instar III sebanyak 25 ekor. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 1 jam. Analisis data menggunakan independent samples test. Kriteria uji Independent Samples Test : jika nilai p value 0.000, membuktikan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara daya predator ikan cupang (Betta sp.) dengan ikan plati pedang (xyphophorus Helleri) terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan sebaliknya.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa daya predasi ikan cupang dan plati pedang dalam waktu 1 jam sudah habis memangsa semua larva jentik dengan persentase 100%, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ikan Cupang dan ikan Plati Pedang selama kurun waktu 1 jam mampu memangsa larva Aedes aegypti 100%Disarankan kepada Dinas Kesehatan dan masyarakat menggunakan ikan Plati Pedang sebagai pemberantasan Vektor Aedes aegypti secara biologis melalui larvanya dan bagi penelitian lain perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahu kecepatan daya predasi. Kata Kunci: daya predasi ikan cupang (Betta sp.), ikan plati pedang (xyphophorus Helleri), larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti.  

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