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INDONESIA
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences
Published by Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
ISSN : 22528814     EISSN : 27222594     DOI : http://doi.org/10.11591/ijaas
Core Subject : Science, Education, Social,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences (IJAAS) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal dedicated to publish significant research findings in the field of applied and theoretical sciences. The journal is designed to serve researchers, developers, professionals, graduate students and others interested in state-of-the art research activities in applied science areas, which cover topics including: chemistry, physics, materials, nanoscience and nanotechnology, mathematics, statistics, geology and earth sciences.
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 1: March 2023" : 10 Documents clear
Phasor measurement unit application-based fault allocation and fault classification Sonu Kumar Bairwa; Satyendra Pratap Singh
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 12, No 1: March 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v12.i1.pp15-26

Abstract

This paper makes a contribution to the field of fault location finding in a new way that helps in the improvement of grid reliability. This paper proposes a study-based approach for fault allocation and fault type classification that uses the study of voltage and current frequency during the abnormal condition. Although, ideally frequency of voltage and current are the same in the abnormal condition they may differ from each other. This difference in frequency is separately measured by the phasor measurement unit (PMU) block at MATLAB/Simulink platform. The PMU (PLL-based, positive-sequence) block is inspired by the IEEE Std C37.118.1-2011. In this approach, we measure the line voltage and current frequency variation with the help of installed PMU after this we present this measurement in characteristics form with the help of the scoping tool in MATLAB/Simulink and study them one by one, and proposed a conclusion for fault location identification and fault type classification. The proposed approach is able to identify the source side and load side fault location and also able to classify faults into two categories namely symmetrical and asymmetrical. The proposed approach is tested on two MATLAB/Simulink models and observed satisfactory.
Silica extract from Malang beach sand via leaching and sol-gel methods Sumari Sumari; Muhammad Roy Asrori; Yana Fajar Prakasa; Dinar Rachmadika Baharintasari; Aman Santoso
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 12, No 1: March 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v12.i1.pp74-81

Abstract

Many silica minerals are found in beach sands. One of its beach sands is in Bajul Mati beach sand which contains high silica. The silica can be extracted using existing methods, but it is less environmentally friendly. In this research, the extracting process of silica from the sand of Bajul Mati beach (South of Java-Indonesia) has been carried out through a method that is low-cost and more environmentally friendly. The purpose of this study was to characterize extracted silica with instrumentation results and economic analysis. The method of extracting silica from beach sand was via leaching and sol-gel methods: i) leaching with 7M HCl,ii) the formation of clear sodium silicate solution (Na2O.SiO2),iii) sol-gel: sodium silicate solution titrated with oxalic acid (H2C2O4) 1 M until pH 6 was obtained and silicite Si(OH)4 was formed, and iv) characterization with X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with economic analysis. The result showed that extracted silica has a cristobalite structure based on XRD analysis. The purity of silica (% Wt Si) reached 93.9% based on XRF analysis. FTIR analysis has identified silanol, siloxic, and siloxane groups. The SEM analysis shows that silica (SiO2) particles tend to form agglomerations about ∼1 μm. In addition, economic analysis results showed that this method will support implementation in the future, so silica has been produced by this developed method.
Design and manufacture of four wheel tractor for medium size work rice farming Iwan Harianton; Agus Surjana Saefudin; Muhammad Ali Suparman
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 12, No 1: March 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v12.i1.pp82-92

Abstract

Indonesia is located at the equator occupy areas north and south of its bearing atmosphere where about 270 million people live the land of very rich soil and are also rich in mineral sediment demanded heavily for today's technology including nickel, bauxite, lithium, and aurum with its close articles such as thin and uranium. So numerous heavy mining equipment works around the clock. Unfortunately, the other potential products of the rich soil were somehow neglected as the nation left such activities to its traditional practice by utilizing man and animal to cultivate the plantation, so that the productivity of the land from the surface is very minimal such that the average productivity of the soil only reach 27% compared to its champion in the developed countries per acre per year. The study on such low soil productivity is caused by two main problems, such that the lack of massive soil processing technology and low attraction for the worker to pursue their career in farming as more money is offered by the transportation sector being an online transport business. This article is a series published on the tractor research initiative that aims to provide a functional medium tractor powered by a 30 HP engine that can do the basic work of a tractor including lifting soil on the surface so that oxygen will fill up the soil and the mineral can reach the root of the plant life on it and kill the unfavorable weeds in the process. The article will discuss all functional elements of the tractor and necessary specifications from design, manufacturing, and final assembly. Further publications will involve optimal design and construction to head for the final products of its commercial endeavor.
Nano-bioremediation of heavy metals from environment using a green synthesis approach Farah Aslam; Sumaira Mazhar
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 12, No 1: March 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v12.i1.pp7-14

Abstract

The quality of human life is compromised due to the increased concentration of toxic heavy metals in air, water, and soil which is directly interacted with living life. Exceed levels of Cr, Cd, Cu, As, Zn, Pb, and Hg influence the living chain and not only causes human damage but also greatly effects animals, plants, and microorganisms. The consistent increase in drawbacks of traditional methods makes them a poor choice for the remediation of heavy metals. In comparison to that, the use of advanced technology at nano levels gives promising results. Many nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, nanofibers, nanoflowers, and nanoadsorbents of different metals such as copper, titanium, zinc, gold, silver, iron, cerium, and manganese use along with different biological materials increase the nano-bioremediation rate in the field of science and pose industrial and environmental applications. Being a cost-effective, eco-friendly, controllable nature of nano-bioremediation technology, they lack background knowledge, and handling at the commercial level. This review highlights different types of nanomaterials, how they are implemented in different application, their green synthesis approach, and the boon and bane of using nano-bioremediation technology in real-time.
Andisol and microcrystalline cellulose from Typha angustifolia for auramine O adsorption Pranoto Pranoto; Venty Suryanti; Robi'atul Adawiyah
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 12, No 1: March 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v12.i1.pp27-36

Abstract

Andisol has a large surface area, is mesoporous, and contains the active groups' silanol (Si-OH) and aluminol (Al-OH). Besides andisol, cellulose is a good adsorbent, because microcrystalline cellulose has an active hydroxyl group (OH). The number of active adsorbent groups can be enhanced by chemically modifying the surface area (increment), or adding other materials. These modifications included alkaline modified-andisol with the addition of NaOH to increase pore size, cellulose hydrolysis with HCl to increase surface area, and andisol modification with the inclusion of other materials, mainly cellulose, to increase surface area. After the adsorption process is complete, the adsorption capacity of andisol-microcrystalline cellulose (AMS) to auramine O (AO) is known. As an adsorbent for AO, the surface area of BET andisol is 25.92 m2/g and the pore diameter is 14.40 nm, while the surface area of microcrystalline cellulose and AMS adsorbent are 26.60 m2/g and 18.60 m2/g, respectively. The maximum AO adsorption conditions by AMS were at pH 7, optimum at a contact time of 5 minutes, and maximum at a concentration of 40 mg/L with an adsorbent ratio of 1:1. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm more closely followed the pseudo second-order and Langmuir isotherm with an adsorption capacity of 5.24 mg/g.
Nutritional evaluation of spent and uninoculated mushroom substrate of Pleurotus ostreatus grown on cassava peels and sawdust Samuel Echezonachi Okere; Frank Ojiako; Chinyerum Gloria Ikechi-Nwogu; Chinwendu Augustina Ojiaku; Nkechi Udochukwu Ezechike
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 12, No 1: March 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v12.i1.pp1-6

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the role of edible fungi in the biodegradation of mushroom substrate by comparing the mineral and proximate composition of a pasteurized substrate before inoculation (BI) with the spent mushroom substrate (SMS) of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated on cassava peels and sawdust. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State Nigeria. The treatment for this investigation comprised different levels of wheat bran namely: T1 (C/N 17:0 in the control), T2 (C/N ratio 17:1), and T3 (C/N ratio 17:3). 2% lime was added to the substrate to stabilize the pH. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) which was replicated three times. The mineral and proximate compositions were determined using standard procedures. The data generated were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) at (p = 0.05). The result obtained from this investigation reviewed that the mineral composition before substrate inoculation was significantly higher than those obtained from the SMS which were in the range: of Na (0.10-0.17 mg/kg), Mg (0.25-0.40 mg/kg), Ash (1.56-2.65%), Ca (0.62-1.40 mg/kg), K (0.25-0.42 mg/kg), and P (0.11-0.44 mg/kg) while the proximate composition is in the range: dry matter (81.6-93.3%), N (0.18-0.31%), crude protein (CP) (1.13-1.94%), crude fiber (2.84-4.82%). This result revealed that significant quantities of the nutrients unlocked by Pleurotus ostreatus were assimilated into the mushroom fruit bodies. Therefore, Pleurotus ostreatus could be used to enrich cassava peels and sawdust substrates which can further be utilized in the formulation of livestock feeds. However, further studies are recommended especially in evaluating more nutritional indices of the substrate.
Finite element procedure to simulate sandwich structure with an auxetic core under impact loading using ABAQUS/Explicit Valdo Pratama; Annisa Jusuf; Arief Yudhanto; Bambang Kismono Hadi
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 12, No 1: March 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v12.i1.pp37-47

Abstract

A sandwich structure with an auxetic core is promising in improving the performance of a sandwich structure by implying an auxetic core as its core to combine the advantages of the two structures, e.g., sandwich structure’s superior ability in flexural and shear resistance, auxetic structure in localizing damage, and densification phenomena. This paper discusses a finite element modeling procedure to simulate a sandwich structure with a heterogeneous re-entrant auxetic core. The material of the face is a unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer (UD CFRP) and the core is polylactic acid (PLA). The model is subjected to a low-velocity impact loading and is run through the ABAQUS/Explicit software. We found that the model we developed here could simulate up to the elastic region and identify which element had failed. However, it could not fully resemble and represent the model from reference, where fracture or damage does not occur. This model can be further improved in its material modeling strategy, especially in the fracture modeling of the composite face with compatible material properties in all required sectors, especially damaged sections, which are strictly necessary.
Eco-friendly management of the flea beetle, Podagrica species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) with Artemisia annua L. seed extract Frank Onyemaobi Ojiako; Christopher Emeka Ahuchaogu; Samuel Echezona Okere; Brendan Chigozie Nwaokeneme
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 12, No 1: March 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v12.i1.pp66-73

Abstract

Okra, grown and consumed in every ecological zone, is amongst the most sort after fruit vegetable crops in Nigeria. The crop is often infested by diverse field insect pests, especially the flea beetle Podagrica species, which impinges on its growth and productivity. The application of synthetic pesticides has been the generic insect pest control measure due to its touted effectiveness. These synthetics, however, has safety concerns which include; hazard to human health, amplification of toxins in the food chain, pest resurgence, domestic animals and human poisoning, environmental pollution, insect resistance, natural enemies destruction; springs, wells, rivers, and underground water contamination. Stakeholders are advocating an alternative management approach that is sustainable with less negative social and environmental impact. This study, therefore, compared the insecticidal efficacy of Artemisia annua (source of the antimalarial artemisinin) seed extract in comparison with Cypermethrin 10 EC, a synthetic insecticide, in controlling Podagrica species, the major field insect pests of okra. The trial was set out in a 7 x 4 factorial arrangement integrated into a randomized complete block design and replicated thrice. Cypermethrin 10 E.C was tested at 0.25 ml, 0.50 ml, and 0.70 ml/100 ml of water, while Artemisia annua extract was applied at 1.00 ml, 2.00 ml, and 3.00 ml/100 ml of water respectively. The control for both treatments was designated 0.0 ml. Data on leaf damage and flea beetle abundance were carried out from 4-10 weeks after planting (WAP) whilst the pods’ weight was measured at maturity. The result shows that i) the concentrations of Artemisia extract and Cypermethrin sprayed provided comparable protection to okra against the flea beetle; ii) the yield of okra (pod weight) does not vary between Artemisia annua extract and Cypermethrin treated plots; and iii) flea beetle infestations vary with okra developmental stages.
Generation 4.0 of the programmer selection decision support system: MCDM-AHP and ELECTRE-elimination recommendations Akmaludin Akmaludin; Erene Gernaria Sihombing; Rinawati Rinawati; Frisma Handayanna; Linda Sari Dewi; Ester Arisawati
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 12, No 1: March 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v12.i1.pp48-59

Abstract

The industrial world in the era of generation 4.0 needs personnel related to human resources who can handle crucial problems, especially in terms of data digitalization. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the supporting criteria that can be used as a measure of programmer selection for the needs of the industrial world which can provide optimal decisions and pay attention to the use of multi-criteria that have different quantitative assessments such as criteria related to contradictory times in its application. The problem, in the industrial world, does not only require speed alone but requires professional staff who can transform into digital technology, digitalization technology is needed in terms of the data conversion and transferring process, so a programmer has an important role in changing favorable conditions because it requires a selection process to get the best professional from several programmers. The method that can be used in multi-criteria decision-making-analytic hierarchy process (MCDM-AHP) and elimination et choix traduisant la realite (ELECTRE) methods in the concept of elimination. This method is part of the MCDM, which uses eight criteria in the selection and evaluation process. The results obtained from several selected programmers produce several professionally selected people, and can be used as an optimal benchmark for the programmer selection and evaluation process with a long preference index stage through the elimination process, this provides evidence that the selection and evaluation process can determine decision making which is optimal for a select number of programmers that only a few have through the aggregate dominant matrices.
Preventive remediation methods minimize soil pollution Sarwoko Mangkoedihardjo; Harida Samudro
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 12, No 1: March 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v12.i1.pp60-65

Abstract

Soil quality is rich in various substances, as well as a rich variety of uses for life, which leads to the potential for pollution. Once soils are polluted, remediation is mitigative and must be carried out, which has been the focus of many studies so far. However, preventive remediation is the focus of the novelty of this study, which aims to prepare predictive methods. This is a literature review of various studies over the last ten years, which are related to soil quality indicators through the respiration process. Based on the soil microbial respiration process platform, which contains various substances, the results of this study found three preventive remediation methods, namely indicators of substance reactants, gas products, and toxicity to microbes. The three methods simply require measuring the parameters of biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand, in addition to specific measurements of carbon dioxide and microbial enumeration. The advantage of the preventive remediation method is the application of soil response indicators to various types and amounts of contaminants. The implementation of preventive remediation is prior to building infrastructure, which is able to predict changes in soil quality through monitoring, thereby minimizing the potential for mitigative remediation.

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