cover
Contact Name
Ridwanta Manogu
Contact Email
ridwanta.manogu@uph.edu
Phone
021 5460901
Journal Mail Official
editor.diligentia@uph.edu
Editorial Address
Jl. MH Thamrin 1100 Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang 15811
Location
Kota tangerang,
Banten
INDONESIA
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26863707     DOI : 26863707
Core Subject : Religion, Education,
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education is a scientific journal of theology, Christian worldview, Christian education, philosophy of Christian education, and integration of faith and learning. It is published by the Department of Christian Religion Education at Universitas Pelita Harapan triannually in September, January and May.
Articles 185 Documents
Membangun Kerja Sama Pemimpin di Sekolah Kristen: Perspektif Teologis atas Hambatan dan Solusinya Suparman, Suparman
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 7 No. 3 (2025): September
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v7i3.10227

Abstract

Collaboration among leaders is a foundational aspect of leadership in Christian schools, rooted in the unity of the body of Christ. However, such collaboration does not occur automatically and is often hindered by personality differences, unstable faith, and divergent goals or personal interests. This article aims to analyze the obstacles to cooperation among leaders in Christian school settings by examining biblical narratives and proposing solutions from a theological perspective. Using a reflective-theological approach and current literature, this article highlights that Christian collaboration is not merely an administrative strategy, but an expression of koinonia—a fellowship that mirrors the loving relationship within the Triune God. Proposed solutions include spiritual and character formation, spiritual mentoring, restorative conflict resolution, and reaffirming a shared vision. These insights are intended to foster a more authentic and transformative model of Christian leadership within educational communities.
Missionary Practice and Cultural Sensitivity: Exploring African Catholic Missionaries’ Encounter with African Indigenous Religions in Sub-Saharan Africa Armstrong, Chanda
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 7 No. 3 (2025): September
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v7i3.10239

Abstract

Early Western missionaries to Africa have been criticised for lacking cultural sensitivity to African indigenous religion(s) (AIR). This interpretive phenomenological study examines how the presence of Indigenous African Catholic missionaries in modern sub-Saharan Africa may have shifted the narrative of missionary encounters. It investigates how these missionaries navigate and experience cultural sensitivity within the context of their work. This study is based on the theoretical frameworks of inculturation and dialogue, informed by the Second Vatican Council’s focus on interreligious dialogue and Pope John Paul II’s advocacy for evangelising African cultures. Eight African missionaries from Western, Eastern, Central and Southern sub-Saharan Africa participated in this study, providing narrative data through semi-structured interviews. African missionaries have indicated both cultural sensitivity and insensitivity towards AIR, with some missionaries appreciating shared values and actively engaging in respectful interactions with AIR. However, challenges emerge in this interaction, including navigating cultural differences, syncretism, historical prejudices and theological dilemmas. Despite these challenges, indigenous missionaries are committed to inculturation and dialogue, incorporating certain indigenous practices into worship and developing culturally relevant pastoral approaches. The study recommends developing culturally sensitive evangelistic approaches that not only value and respect indigenous identities and spiritualities but also promote mutual understanding and social unity.
An Analisis Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) Mahasiswa Pendidikan Guru SD terhadap Materi IPA melalui Instrument Content Representation (CoRe) dalam Konteks Pendidikan Kristen Silalahi, Destya Waty; Silitonga, Bertha Natalina
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 7 No. 3 (2025): September
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v7i3.10255

Abstract

Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) is an essential competency for pre-service teachers, particularly science teachers at the elementary school level. PCK integrates content knowledge with pedagogical knowledge, enabling teachers to deliver science concepts effectively according to students’ cognitive development. In the context of Christian education, the understanding of science content and pedagogy should be grounded in a Biblical Christian Worldview (BCW) so that learning remains Christ-centered and founded on the truth of God’s Word. This study analysed the PCK of pre-service elementary school teachers in teaching science using the Content Representation (CoRe) instrument within a Christian education context. A descriptive quantitative method was employed with 78 student teachers as participants. The findings revealed that 29% of participants demonstrated PCK in the “very good” category, 62% in the “good” category, 8% in the “fair” category, and 1% in the “poor” category. These results emphasize the importance of equipping pre-service teachers with adequate PCK to strengthen the quality of science instruction, particularly when framed by a biblical worldview.
Hubungan Self-Esteem terhadap Level Kecemasan pada Mahasiswa Pogram Studi Pendidikan Agama Kristen [The Relationship of Self-Esteem to Anxiety Level in Christian Religious Studies Students] Suparman, Suparman
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): September
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v1i1.1892

Abstract

Levels of anxiety and self-esteem often affect students’ lives, even causing students to fail, unable to fulfil the academic requirements of lectures, and undergo the entire educational process. As a matter of fact, in general, students are not aware of this reality. Therefore, this study aims to find whether there is a relationship between the level of self-esteem and anxiety levels in Christian Religion Education students at UPH. In order to find the relationship between self-esteem and anxiety levels, this research is conducted in quantitative methods and the type of research is correlational. The sample is collecting between January and June 2019. As the results, students who classified as low self-esteem is 55% meanwhile 54% of students who have high levels of anxiety. The correlation between the two is -0.6. The negative correlation results indicate that the lower level of self-esteem will make the level of anxiety higher. The results of this study can be used to determine interventions, either through coaching, personal counselling, or through group therapy.
Sastra Religius Sebagai Sarana Menumbuhkan Pendidikan Karakter Kristiani [Religious Literature as A Means to Cultivate Christian Character Education] Tri gumono, Abednego; Tanasyah, Yusak; Laoh, Gerald
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): May
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v4i2.5225

Abstract

Character education is a major aspect in the learning process, even in all human existence. Generally, superior character will support success so that character becomes the key word in life. That is the main role of character so that the national education goal makes this aspect the main goal in addition to the cognitive and psychomotor aspects. The purpose of this study is to describe the role of religious literature, especially poetry, in growing christian characters. It is realized that literary works have a function in building human life, especially in the aspect of character. The integrated education model contains aspects of character in each field of study or subject. Through subjects or courses, character education is realized. One of the fields of science that includes character education is literature, especially religious literature. Religious literature contains dimensions of life values that can foster character education. This scientific article was developed by exploring the literature as study data. Therefore, this paper is qualitative research. This research is expected to contribute to educational efforts in general in developing Christian character education, particularly through religious literature. By having superior character, students will have integrity, morality, character, and actions that are in harmony with the norms prevailing in society and religious values.BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Pendidikan karakter merupakan aspek utama dalam proses pembelajaran, bahkan dalam seluruh kehidupan manusia. Karakter yang unggul akan menunjang kesuksesan secara keseluruhan sehingga karakter menjadi kata kunci dalam kehidupan. Itulah peran utama karakter sehingga tujuan pendidikan nasional menjadikan aspek ini sebagai tujuan utama selain aspek kognitif dan psikomotorik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan peran sastra religius, khususnya puisi, dalam menumbuhkan karakter kristiani. Disadari bahwa karya sastra memiliki fungsi dalam membangun kehidupan manusia, khususnya dalam aspek karakter. Model pendidikan terpadu memuat aspek karakter dalam setiap bidang studi atau mata pelajaran. Melalui mata pelajaran atau mata kuliah, pendidikan karakter direalisasikan. Salah satu bidang ilmu yang memuat pendidikan karakter adalah sastra, khususnya sastra agama. Sastra religius mengandung dimensi nilai-nilai kehidupan yang dapat menumbuhkan pendidikan karakter. Artikel ilmiah ini dikembangkan dengan melakukan eksplorasi terhadap karya sastra sebagai data kajian. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini termasuk dalam penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi upaya pendidikan pada umumnya dalam mengembangkan pendidikan karakter Kristen, khususnya melalui sastra religius. Dengan memiliki karakter yang unggul, peserta didik akan memiliki integritas, moralitas, budi pekerti, dan tindakan yang selaras dengan norma-norma yang berlaku di masyarakat dan nilai-nilai agama.
From Jerusalem to Rome: The Geographical Aspect of Magic [Dari Yerusalem ke Roma: Aspek Geografis dari Sihir] Han, Chandra
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): May
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v4i2.5303

Abstract

Just as magic was undermined in the Acts of the Apostles, its spread throughout the whole region of the Greco-Roman Region was also undermined. Although the magic episode occurred six times in the Acts of the Apostles, the demonstration of the geographical aspect of magic in the Acts of the Apostles was undermined. The prominent question regarding the presence of magic in the Greco-Roman reigns is how serious was magic during the Greco-Roman Era for Christianity so that the gospel could be proclaimed to the end of the world? This article will demonstrate the seriousness of magic to impede the spread of the gospel is obvious when analyzing the geographical spread of magic. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the magical context of each Roman city where magic was there. Moreover, this article also demonstrates the significance of the geographical aspect of magic for the spread of the Gospel. This geographical aspect will be argued within the context of the apologetic purpose of the Acts of the Apostles and the spread of the gospel to the end of the world to fulfill Jesus’ command to his disciples. This research will employ a literature method. The analysis will analyze the city of Samaria, the island of Cyprus, the strategic city of Ephesus, Philippi, and Malta. Application regarding the proclamation of the gospel for our contemporary world will be provided in the section of discussion and result before the conclusion.
Tinjauan Teologis Mengenai Makna Kata “Immanuel” Menurut Kirill dari Aleksandria [Theological Review on the Meaning of the Word "Immanuel" According to Cyril of Alexandria] Apriliana, Sarah; Hendi, Hendi
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): May
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v4i2.5315

Abstract

In the Old Testament, there is a prophecy about God that gave a sign that a virgin would conceive and give birth to a son, and she would name him Immanuel. Although the term sounds familiar, the word Immanuel is only mentioned 3 times in the Bible, namely in Isaiah 7:14, Isaiah 8:8 and Matthew 1:23. The word "Immanuel" itself literally means "God with us." This word is a designation that refers to the presence of God in accompanying His people. This article will discuss further the meaning of the word "Immanuel" according to the view of one of the church fathers named Cyril of Alexandria.BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Dalam Perjanjian Lama terdapat nubuat tentang Tuhan yang memberikan tanda bahwa seorang anak dara akan mengandung dan melahirkan seorang anak laki-laki, dan ia akan menamai-Nya Imanuel. Meskipun istilah ini terdengar tidak asing, kata Imanuel hanya disebutkan sebanyak 3 kali di dalam Alkitab, yaitu di dalam Yesaya 7:14, Yesaya 8:8, dan Matius 1:23. Kata "Imanuel" sendiri secara harfiah berarti "Allah menyertai kita". Kata ini merupakan sebutan yang merujuk pada kehadiran Tuhan dalam menyertai umat-Nya. Artikel ini akan membahas lebih jauh arti kata "Imanuel" menurut pandangan salah satu bapa gereja yang bernama Cyril dari Aleksandria.
Penerapan Biblical Based Integration pada Mata Pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam di Sekolah Kristen ABC Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah [The Implementation of Biblical Based Integration in Science Subject in ABC Christian School in Sukoharjo, Central Java] Siahaan, Meri Fuji; Aruan, Nova Jessyca
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): May
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v4i2.5323

Abstract

Teachers at a christian school ABC in Sukoharjo, Central Java are expected to implement Bible Based Integration in every lesson of the teaching. The purpose of this research was to explain the implementation of the Bible Based Integration by teachers who taught science subjects (physics, chemistry, and biology) at Christian senior high school in Sukoharjo, Central Java. A qualitative case study was conducted to explain the purpose of this research. Six science teachers were involved as subjects of this research. Research data were collected by interviewing those six teachers as well as observing their own classrooms. Interviewing students, three students from each grade (X, XI, XII) along with collecting some lesson plans of those teachers were also conducted. The data were qualitatively analyzed by coding, classifying, and labeling the data then relating each labeled data with the related literature. Data analysis showed those six teachers used three approaches to implement Bible Based Integration: relegating, referencing, and responding to the Bible. The data also revealed the teachers’ perceptions towards the Bible Based Integration.BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Guru-guru di sekolah Kristen ABC di Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah diharapkan dapat mengimplementasikan Integrasi Berbasis Alkitab dalam setiap pelajaran yang diajarkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan implementasi Integrasi Berbasis Alkitab oleh guru yang mengajar mata pelajaran sains (fisika, kimia, dan biologi) di SMA Kristen di Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah. Sebuah studi kasus kualitatif dilakukan untuk menjelaskan tujuan penelitian ini. Enam guru sains dilibatkan sebagai subjek penelitian. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan mewawancarai keenam guru tersebut dan juga mengamati kelas mereka sendiri. Wawancara dengan siswa, tiga siswa dari setiap kelas (X, XI, XII) serta mengumpulkan beberapa rencana pembelajaran dari guru-guru tersebut juga dilakukan. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan cara mengkodekan, mengklasifikasikan, dan memberi label pada data, kemudian menghubungkan setiap data yang telah diberi label dengan literatur terkait. Analisis data menunjukkan bahwa keenam guru tersebut menggunakan tiga pendekatan dalam mengimplementasikan Integrasi Berbasis Alkitab: merelevansikan, merujuk, dan merespons Alkitab. Data juga menunjukkan persepsi para guru terhadap Integrasi Berbasis Alkitab.
Memahami Makna Tujuan Utama Manusia: Sebuah Refleksi Katekismus Singkat Westminster [Understanding the Meaning of The Chief End of Man: A Reflection of the Westminster Shorter Catechism] Tarigan, Musa Sinar
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): May
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v4i2.5370

Abstract

The chief end of man is to glorify God and enjoy Him throughout his life according to Westminster Shorter Catechism. Glorifying God and enjoying Him means that humans acknowledge the existence of God and apply God's truth in all aspects of their lives according to the Word of God. Enjoying and glorifying God is a privilege given by God to Christians who are created in the image and likeness of God. As a result of the fall of man into sin, and sinful humans cannot know God properly according to the Word of God. The redemption of Christ on the cross reconciles believers with God, and they can relate with God even though they also have to struggle against sin. The method of writing this article uses literature research to examine the issue of the spiritual growth of believers, through various theological literature, both relevant books and journals, and the Bible as the main source. The writing of this article aims to understand the purpose of human life which is to glorify and enjoy God throughout life, and its application in daily life, recognizing the various traps of false spiritual growth. Glorifying God and enjoying Him could only be experienced when believers experience Christ's redemption and grow more Christlike in absolute obedience to Christ.BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Tujuan utama manusia adalah untuk memuliakan Allah dan menikmati Dia sepanjang hidupnya menurut Katekismus Singkat Westminster. Memuliakan Tuhan dan menikmati Dia berarti manusia mengakui keberadaan Tuhan dan menerapkan kebenaran Tuhan dalam seluruh aspek kehidupannya sesuai dengan Firman Tuhan. Menikmati dan memuliakan Allah adalah hak istimewa yang diberikan Allah kepada orang Kristen yang diciptakan menurut gambar dan rupa Allah. Akibat kejatuhan manusia ke dalam dosa, manusia yang berdosa tidak dapat mengenal Allah dengan benar sesuai dengan Firman Tuhan. Penebusan Kristus di kayu salib memperdamaikan orang percaya dengan Allah, dan mereka dapat berhubungan dengan Allah walaupun mereka juga harus bergumul melawan dosa. Metode penulisan artikel ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan untuk menelaah masalah pertumbuhan rohani orang percaya, melalui berbagai literatur teologi, baik buku-buku maupun jurnal yang relevan, dan Alkitab sebagai sumber utama. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk memahami tujuan hidup manusia yaitu memuliakan dan menikmati Tuhan sepanjang hidup, serta penerapannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, dengan mengenali berbagai jebakan pertumbuhan rohani yang palsu. Memuliakan Tuhan dan menikmati Dia hanya dapat dialami ketika orang percaya mengalami penebusan Kristus dan bertumbuh menjadi semakin serupa dengan Kristus dalam ketaatan yang mutlak kepada Kristus.
Evaluasi Kritis terhadap Paham Mazmur Kutukan di tengah-tengah Fenomena Problem Etis terhadap Mazmur 83:1-19 [A Critical Evaluation of the Understanding of the Curse and Ethical Problems in Psalm 83:1-19] Hia, Lurusman Jaya
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): May
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v5i2.6114

Abstract

The idea of man’s belief in curses poses a problem for the curse Psalms.  Among believers, there is a misunderstanding of the curse in Psalm 83:1-19. A critical evaluation is needed to correctly understand this curse Psalm because it contains complex life values. Critical evaluation is part of the resolution process of ethical problems in the lives of believers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to offer a critical evaluation of the understanding of this curse Psalm amidst the issue of ethical problems in the lives of believers so that every believer knows the intention of the Psalmist in the actualization of human morals. The result of this study shows that the Psalmist offers his prayers to punish his enemies in order to demonstrate God’s justice, truth, and mighty work over the sin of man. Instead of hoping his enemies will be punished, the Psalmist emphasizes God’ s love. With this understanding, believers should be enriched knowing God’s love and punishment are not contradictory. The method used in this study is a literature review. BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Gagasan tentang kepercayaan manusia pada kutukan menimbulkan masalah bagi Mazmur terkutuk. Dalam kehidupan orang percaya, masalah kesalahpahaman tentang kutukan muncul menurut Mazmur 83:1-19. Tak jarang, evaluasi kritis membahas pemahaman Mazmur kutukan yang benar karena Mazmur terkutuk ini mengandung nilai-nilai kehidupan yang begitu kompleks. Evaluasi kritis adalah bagian dari wahyu yang menciptakan masalah etika dalam kehidupan orang percaya. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan evaluasi kritis terhadap pemahaman Mazmur terkutuk di tengah fenomena masalah etika dalam kehidupan orang percaya. Sehingga setiap orang percaya mengetahui tujuan seorang pemazmur dalam aktualisasi moral Tuhan melalui penelitian ini. dan memperkaya pemahaman gereja tentang Mazmur terkutuk yang jarang dipahami dengan benar.