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Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education
Published by Universitas Pelita Harapan
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26863707     DOI : 26863707
Core Subject : Religion, Education,
Religion Education
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education is a scientific journal of theology, Christian worldview, Christian education, philosophy of Christian education, and integration of faith and learning. It is published by the Department of Christian Religion Education at Universitas Pelita Harapan triannually in September, January and May.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Studi Agama
Articles 199 Documents
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Analisis Penerapan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Mendalam pada Sekolah Menengah Kristen Swasta Maha Dewi Sabrina Nalle; Bernard Wijaya Napitupulu
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i1.10857

Abstract

This article explores the implementation of deep learning approaches among teachers in a Christian private junior-senior high school. Using a quantitative survey with descriptive statistics, data were collected from 115 teachers through a Likert-scale questionnaire encompassing five indicators: (1) conceptual understanding of deep learning, (2) ability to plan instruction (LP/unit plan), (3) competence in designing assessments, (4) pedagogical competence in enacting deep learning in classroom practice, and (5) school support for teachers. The findings show that teachers generally report a positive level of competence on all indicators. They understand the basic framework of deep learning, design student-centred activities (inquiry, projects, problem-based learning), and begin to employ more meaningful, authentic assessments integrated with reflection. Teachers’ professional and collaborative attitudes emerge as a particular strength, reflected in their commitment to continuous improvement and willingness to share good practices. However, school support is perceived as adequate but not yet optimal, with persistent constraints in time, administrative workload, resources, and sustained guidance. These results indicate promising readiness for deep learning implementation, while highlighting the need for stronger institutional support and practical professional development.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Proses Sains Mahasiswa melalui Percobaan Identifikasi Keberadaan Senyawa dalam Praktikum Kimia Analitik Friska Juliana Purba; Chatrina Yohana Sihombing; Marchella Inabuy
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i1.10882

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to improve students' science process skills (SPS) by applying the experimental approach in a guided practical method in the Analytical Chemistry Practical course. The study uses the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method, which is carried out in two cycles, each of which includes the planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The study involved 23 students. Data collection techniques include tests and non-tests, such as pre- and post-tests, laboratory reports, and observation sheets based on science process skills. The data was analyzed using quantitative descriptive methods. The results of the study showed an increase in students' science process skills from cycle I to cycle II. The observation skill increased from an average score of 2.8 (70%) to 3.3 (82.5%) with a very good category. The measurement skill increased from an average score of 2.9 (72.5%) to 3.1 (77.5%) in the good category. The experimental skill was in the excellent category since the first cycle (82.5%) and remained stable in the second cycle. The communication skill increased from an average score of 2.8 (70%) to 3.1 (75.5%) in the good category. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the implementation of the laboratory method with a guided experimental approach supported by a laboratory manual is effective in improving students' science process skills, particularly in the areas of observation, measurement, and scientific communication in analytical chemistry education.
From Conversion to Commission: The G-U-I-D-E Model for Recovering Disciple-Making as the Core of the Church’s Mission Joel Oluwatosin Alabi
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i2.10949

Abstract

The contemporary church faces a growing crisis of spiritual shallowness marked by a declining commitment to intentional disciple-making. While conversion and church attendance remain emphasized, the formative and reproductive dimensions of Christian discipleship are often neglected, resulting in congregations shaped more by consumerism than Christlikeness. This article argues that disciple-making is not an optional programmatic emphasis but the very heart of Christ’s mission and the enduring mandate of the church. Grounded in the ministry of Jesus and the Great Commission, the study contends that ecclesiology divorced from intentional discipleship fundamentally misunderstands the gospel’s purpose. Employing a biblical, theological, and pastoral methodology, this article examines Christ’s disciple-making strategy, the role of spiritual gifts, and the responsibility of the church in forming reproducing disciples. Particular attention is given to youth and emerging adults as a revealing case study of the church’s current discipleship deficit. The article’s primary contribution is the presentation of the G-U-I-D-E framework (Gather, Understand, Imitate, Develop, Empower), offering a coherent and pastorally viable model for recovering disciple-making as a formative, relational, and missional practice. By re-centering discipleship within the life of the church, this study calls for ecclesial renewal aligned with the heart of Christ and the mission of God.
Dialektika Deep Ecology dan Perspektif Kekristenan dalam Rekonstruksi Bioetika Lingkungan Kristen Timotius Adrian
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i2.10950

Abstract

The contemporary ecological crisis reveals a profound rupture in the relationship between humanity and the natural world, largely rooted in anthropocentric paradigms that marginalize ecological justice. While certain theological responses remain confined within this framework—often aligned with “shallow ecology”—Arne Næss’ deep ecology offers a significant critique by affirming the intrinsic value of all living beings and promoting biospheric egalitarianism. However, when applied uncritically, this perspective risks misanthropic tendencies, social reductionism, and the neglect of human distinctiveness, as well as insufficient engagement with issues of gender justice and socio-political structures. This study employs a qualitative literature approach using critical hermeneutical and theological-philosophical dialectical analysis to examine deep ecology in dialogue with Christian theology. The study argues that deep ecology can be constructively refined within a Christian framework by reconstructing Christian environmental bioethics. This reconstruction not only affirms the intrinsic value of all creation but also maintains the ontological distinction between God, humanity, and nature grounded in the doctrine of imago Dei, while integrating insights from ecofeminism and bioregionalism. The findings demonstrate that a relational, theocentric, and responsible model of Christian environmental bioethics offers a more balanced ecological paradigm—one that avoids both anthropocentrism and antihumanism. This framework is concretely articulated through contextual pastoral and pedagogical praxis that incorporates gender justice, social responsibility, and bioregional awareness. This study contributes a systematic theological foundation for reconstructing Christian environmental ethics and provides practical directions for church engagement in addressing the ecological crisis.
Dari Kekacauan Menuju Keutuhan: Sebuah Studi Eskatologis Alexzander Parlindungan Manalu
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i2.10951

Abstract

This study departs from the reality of a moral and spiritual crisis that has increasingly dulled the church's eschatological awareness, causing the hope of faith to lose its transformative power in concrete life. Therefore, eschatology is re-examined as a theological framework that affirms the direction of history as well as the foundation for holistic restoration for humanity and creation. This study aims to formulate the theological meaning of eschatology, assess the significance of the second coming of Jesus Christ, and identify its ethical-practical implications for the lives of believers. The research uses a descriptive-analytical qualitative method through literature study and hermeneutical analysis of the Bible and relevant theological literature. The findings show that eschatology is not merely a futuristic doctrine, but a horizon of faith that affirms the certainty of the fulfilment of God's plan of salvation through the Parousia of Christ, which brings judgment on evil as well as cosmic and spiritual restoration. This awareness demands a practical response in the form of repentance, preparedness, and active missionary involvement, so that the church participates tangibly in God's process of restoration from the present moment.
Analisis Penundukan Diri Seorang Istri Kepada Suami Dalam Efesus 5:22 Terry Wuisam
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i2.11005

Abstract

This study analyzes the meaning of a wife’s submission in Ephesians 5:21–24 and its implications for husband–wife life. The research problems are the limited hermeneutical understanding of the concept of “submission” within the frame of verse 21, which yields domestic practices that deviate from Paul’s theological intent, and the tension between textual demands and modern socio-cultural dynamics that create opportunities for abuse of authority. The study aims to explain the lexical-grammatical meaning of the Greek term hupotassō and to formulate just, Christ-centered pastoral applications. The method employed is qualitative library research with a hermeneutic-exegetical approach, including historical-cultural analysis, lexico-grammatical study of Koine Greek, and synchronic exegesis of the Ephesians 5:21–33 pericope, supported by critical texts, lexica, and major commentaries. The thesis asserts that a wife’s submission in Ephesians is not cultural subordination, but a voluntary relational response rooted in love and obedience to Christ. Findings show that hupotassō denotes an ongoing function-positional practice and that husbandly authority must be enacted as sacrificial servant-leadership that preserves the wife’s dignity. The conclusion recommends family-formation models emphasizing mutual submission, servant leadership, theological empowerment for wives, protective mechanisms, and further cross-cultural empirical study.
Peran Roh Kudus dalam Membimbing Guru Kristen Mengatasi Tantangan Karakter Strawberry Generation Gessa Panmaser; Musa Sinar Tarigan
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i2.11015

Abstract

The Holy Spirit is the third Person of the Trinity who plays an important role in the lives of humankind throughout the ages. In today's world, the term “strawberry generation” has emerged due to the fact that a certain generation interprets the strawberry fruit. This discovery is very interesting to study, including several findings that state the decline in the character of the younger generation, which is similar to the characteristics of strawberries. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine the role of the Holy Spirit in guiding Christian teachers to face the challenges of the strawberry generation's character using a descriptive method based on a literature review. The results of this discussion show that the Holy Spirit plays a role in leading Christian teachers to preach the gospel and guide the strawberry generation, with God's wisdom so that the strawberry generation recognizes itself as the image and likeness of God redeemed by the blood of Christ to obtain salvation, and experiences the renewal of life as the work of the Holy Spirit throughout their lives.  This article is expected to be a blessing for everyone, especially Christian teachers and prospective Christian teachers who are struggling in their calling.
Dari Personalized Learning menuju Self-Regulated Learning: Model Konseptual Refleksi dan Internalisasi Nilai Berbasis Narasi Tokoh Alkitab Lindawati; Khoe Yao Tung; Budi Wibawanta; Wiputra Cendana
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i2.11215

Abstract

This study addresses the challenge of developing self-regulated learning (SRL) among higher education students, particularly due to limited reflective capacity and weak value internalization in learning processes. While personalized learning enhances learner engagement, it does not automatically lead to SRL without deeper reflective and motivational mechanisms. This study aims to develop a conceptual model explaining the process from personalized learning to SRL through reflective thinking and value internalization based on Biblical narratives. Using a qualitative conceptual approach, this study employs an integrative literature review to synthesize theories on personalized learning, reflective thinking, value internalization, SRL, and narrative-based learning. The findings indicate that personalized learning initiates meaningful engagement, which triggers reflective thinking as a metacognitive process. The focus of this conceptual article is higher education students in a Christian educational context, particularly in relation to the formation of self-regulated learning through personalized learning, reflective thinking, value internalization, and Biblical narratives. The conceptual materials were processed through an integrative literature synthesis by identifying, categorizing, and relating key theoretical constructs from studies on personalized learning, reflective thinking, value internalization, SRL, and narrative-based learning. The synthesis is presented narratively and through a conceptual model that illustrates the processual relationship among the main constructs. Previous studies have examined these constructs separately but lack a processual explanation of their integration, particularly within narrative-based value formation. The novelty of this study lies in proposing an integrative conceptual model positioning reflective thinking as a metacognitive bridge and value internalization as a motivational mediator within a biblical narrative framework. The study concludes that SRL develops through a layered process integrating personalization, reflection, and value-based narrative learning.
Guru sebagai Formator Spiritual dalam Perspektif Perjanjian Lama dan Implikasinya bagi Pendidikan Agama Kristen Bimo Setyo Utomo
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i2.11254

Abstract

This study examines the concept of the teacher as a spiritual formator within the perspective of the Old Testament and its implications for Christian Religious Education. Using a qualitative library research approach with theological-hermeneutical analysis, the study explores how teaching in the Old Testament is intrinsically connected to the transmission of faith, the preservation of collective memory, and the mediation of the relationship between God and His people. The findings indicate that the teacher is not merely an instructor but a formative agent who embodies values, builds relational learning, and facilitates transformational change in learners. This perspective challenges the reduction of teaching to cognitive and technical functions in modern education. Consequently, Christian Religious Education must be reoriented toward holistic formation that integrates knowledge, character, and spirituality. The study contributes to a deeper theological understanding of the teacher’s role and offers practical insights for developing transformative Christian education.

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