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Kinetika
Published by Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya
ISSN : 16939050     EISSN : 26231417     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan merupakan hasil-hasil riset/penelitian dalam bidang Teknik Kimia, Bioteknologi, Energi dan Lingkungan, Agroindustri dan pangan, serta Petrokimia.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 214 Documents
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OPTIMASI TEMPERATUR DAN WAKTU PENGERINGAN MI KERING YANG BERBAHAN BAKU TEPUNG JAGUNG DAN TEPUNG TERIGU Supraptiah, Endang
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 2 (2019): KINETIKA 01072019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Dried noodles is one of favorite food in Indonesia because it’s simple and easy to cook. The use of corn flour as substitute for making noodles is an effort to diversify food in reducing the import of wheat flour. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum drying conditions to obtain the best quallity of dried noodles, with ratio composition of corn flour and wheat flour 2:3. This study used completely randomized design with temperature and time drying. Drying was conducted using a tray dryer at various temperature (60, 70, and 80oC) and various time drying (60, 70, 80 and 90 minutes). The observed quality parameters were water content, ash content and protein content. The result showed that the optimum drying condition is 80oC and 90 minutes long with water content 6,87%, ash content 1,78%, and protein content 19,39% and the result of the coefisient of drying rate (k) is 0,1218
ANALISA UNJUK KERJA KOMPOR BIOMASSA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BIOPELET ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes) DENGAN GETAH DAMAR (Agathis loranthifolia) Zikri, Ahmad
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 3 (2019): KINETIKA 01112019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy source that will lead to reduction in the potential for fossil energy, especially petroleum and natural gas. Various solutions have been offered by scientists in the world for alternative fossil fuels. One new renewable energy alternative that can reduce the fuel consumption of oil obtained from the fossil is to use biomass energy. The purpose of this research is to find the resin sap with different composition and diameter to find the best biopelet made from water hyacinth. In this study, mixing of 5%, 10%, and 15% damar resin , and variation of diameter 6mm and 8mm, respectively. The mixture is printed into biopelet then tested to determine the value of heat, biopelet flame test, density, and proximate analysis. From the results of the study is known that the best composition of biopelet is a sample 15% resin gum with a diameter of 6mm. In this composition yields calorific value of 5400.1524cal/gr, moisture content of 0.9887%, density 0.8368gr/cm3, ash content 7.9204%, volatile matter 62.9322%, fixed carbon 28.1587%, flame initial time 8.02sec and boiling time 1 liter water 8.21 minutes. The calorific value and the proximate analysis have fulfilled the SNI 8021 - 2014 and EMPLEMENT PERMEN NO. 47/2000.
PEMBUATAN KOMPOSIT BERPORI TINGGI UNTUK BIOMATERIAL Soeswanto, Bambang
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 3 (2019): KINETIKA 01112019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

One application of biomaterials in the medical field is the manufacture of guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes to help bone regeneration. The GBR membrane can be synthesized from polycaprolactone (PCL), which is a biocompatible polymer and can be absorbed by human body. The aim of this research is to obtain the composition of PCL, hydroxyapatite, and NaCl as well as the pressure on the composite printing to obtain high porosity GBR. Deficiencies in PCL properties such as slow degradation, poor mechanical properties, and low cell adhesion will be improved by adding porous NaCl to obtain porous composites and Hydroxyapatite to limit the porogen extraction process. Pressure printing of membranes will improve the mechanical properties of composites and the homogeneity of pore size. The results showed that higher compression obtained products with high porosity, namely for 79-97% at a pressure of 15 MPa and 75- 95% at a pressure of 20 MPa. While the SEM test showed that the pore size varied between 103.769 – 140.911 μm, 13.2 – 28.026 μm, and 1.503 – 4.718 μm
KAJIAN RANCANG BANGUN SOLAR WATER HEATER (SWH) ANALISIS TERHADAP KOEFISIEN LAJU KONVEKSI DAN EFISIENSI PEMANASAN AIR Ridwan, Kiagus Ahmad
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 3 (2019): KINETIKA 01112019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

We know that, solar energy can be used as an alternative source. One of them is by converting solar energy into heat energy using solar collectors, which are called solar water heaters. In this study a solar radiation heat absorbent device was used to heat water using copper pipes and aluminum pipes. This study aims to obtain the need for pipe length, find out the heat used to heat water, and analyze the effect of radiation intensity on the heating efficiency of the water produced. This water heater is made through several preparation stages such as literature study, consultation with mentors, tool making, and also final analysis and reporting. With a pipe length of 5 meters and a diameter of 0,5 inch, with the provisions of batch flow at intervals of every 10 minutes, the results of the research shows that the value of useful energy for heating the largest water occurs in the copper pipe is 32,65Btu and an energy loss of 80,33Btu. It can be seen that the greater the intensity of solar radiation, the greater the rate of convection, useful energy, and the efficiency of water heating. With the largest convection rate (h) in aluminum pipes that is 750,4w/m2oc at radiation intensity of 895w/m2 and efficiency of 40,52%. While the largest convection rate (h) in copper pipes is 818,6w/m2oc at a radiation intensity of 889,7w m2 and efficiency of 54,93%
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN HIGH DENSITY POLY ETHYLENE (HDPE) DAN OLI BEKAS SEBAGAI BINDER PADA BATA RINGAN DENGAN VARIASI FILLER Silviyati, Idha
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 3 (2019): KINETIKA 01112019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Plastic is one of the polymer materials that is widely used in daily lives, one of them is High Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE) polymer which is the one type of the large contributors of plastic waste, and also believed to cause environmental and health problems. One of advanced material is lightweight brick which has become an innovation in building materials. Lightweight Hebel brick (celcon) is an infrastructure product that is widely used in this day. This study is entitled High Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE) Polymers as Binders in Lightweight Hebel Bricks (Celcon). Referring to the research master plan of the Sriwijaya State Polytechnic namely appropriate technological and industrial innovation and technology development of mining products. In this study utilizing High Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE) polymers as Binder and Portland Cement type I and silica Sand as Filler, in the process of making Lightweight Hebel Bricks (Celcon). The comparison of the Filler and Binder are 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30 in %wt. Sample testing is done by testing the compressive strength, analyzing water absorption, density and SEM & EDX. The results showed that the compressive strength produced is included in quality I and quality III according to SNI 03-0349-1989 which in the variation of filler sample A has a compressive strength of 224.67 kg / cm2 and variation of filler sample B is 40, 45 kg / cm2 . The value of water absorption produced is also still below of the maximum limit, which is 25% which in the variation of sample A filler is 0.97% and the variation of filler sample B is 2.42%. The density values obtained are included in the medium density for filler variation of sample A, which is 900 kg / m3 and high density for variation of filler sample B, which is 1800 kg / m3 . By SEM-EDX analysis results showed that sample A has more porosity when compared to variations of sample B filler. In terms of economic analysis, the advantage of using plastic as material in making hebel bricks is the cost of making it economically due to the presence of plastic that is easily found.
PRETREATMENT MINYAK JELANTAH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU BIODIESEL Trisnaliany, Lety
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 3 (2019): KINETIKA 01112019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

This research is about recycling processed cooking oil into oil which can be used as raw material of biodiesel in a clean condition without dirt and low FFA, by using bagasse and banana peel as natural absorbent material and bleaching earth or pale soil as a chemical absorbent. Natural absorbent materials such as bagasse as well as banana peels that have been used as adsorbents can be directly used to absorb waste of waste oil into raw materials of biodiesel. From the result of the research, we found that the weight of adsorbent of optimum bagasse at SNI is 13% with free fatty acid 0.49%, acid number 0.37 mg KOH/mg Sample, number of sapling 187 and water content 0.43%. As well as the weight of the optimal banana husk adsorbent according to the SNI is 13% with free fatty acid 0.63%, the acid number 0.45 mg KOH/mg samples, the rate of sapding 135.58 and the moisture content of 0.43%. This indicates that the purifying tool jelantah oil by utilizing adsorbent of bagasse and banana peel skin as comparator to produce biodiesel raw material according to SNI. Whereas for chemical adsorbents, the results showed that the optimum conditions were obtained at 25% concentration and 60 minutes. For adsorbent 25% of free fatty acid acquisition was 0.49%, acidic value was 0.37, saponification number was 187 and water content was 0.018%. Where this number has produced biodiesel raw materials according to SNI.
PROTOTYPE ALAT PENGERING TRAY DRYER DITINJAU DARI PENGARUH TEMPERATUR DAN WAKTU TERHADAP PROSES PENGERINGAN MIE KERING Purnamasari, Indah
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 3 (2019): KINETIKA 01112019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

According to the Standard of National Industry No 01-7890-2010, the dried noodle is the noodle that has been produced with drying process till its moisture content is 8-10% left. The unit production system of instant noodle through the drying process is operated with frying process at vacuum condition. This drying process uses amounts of energy and high air temperature. This process is enough strategic to design, research, and innovate subsequently it is able to build the tray dryer instrument. The drying time needed (1-2 hours) is depending on dimension of the unit, the material capacity as the feed dehumidified, and the heat source that come from steam boiler/coil of air heater. The fabrication of this unit is supposed to make instant noodle/dried noodle based on SNI standard. The product obtained will be analyzed to determine the moisture content remained inside dried noodle and also to find out the operational condition of tray dryer unit. The most optimum drying time is 120 minutes at the drying temperature of 70ᵒC with the moisture content remained as much as 9.3% inside dried noodle and it’s filled up the SNI standard namely 8-10% and the process efficiency of this unit is 61.99%.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT VACUUM DRYING DALAM PROSES PEMBUATAN TEPUNG MORINGA OLEIFERA LAMK Aznury, Martha
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 3 (2019): KINETIKA 01112019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Moringa oleifera lamk are trees with a height of up to 12m with a diameter of 30cm. The wood is a type of soft wood and has a low quality. And has many benefits, one of which is food, health, beauty and the environment.The working principle of this spinner type dryer is the material in the form of Moringa leaves frozen first using the freezer and then put into the dryer and dispatched the time that has been adjusted together with the hot air blower so that the drying process can take place quickly, after dispensing the Moringa leaves vacuum by using a vacuum pump to remove the water contained in the material so that the leaves of moringa are completely dry, the process continues until the leaves are completely dry and ready to be made flour, The variations carried out during the drying process take place are temperature and drying time so that it is known what water content and final weight of the Moringa leaf after drying. Vacuum drying appliance has been designed with the specification tool dimensions namely: 0.0020258m2 sectional area of the intake air, the rotation speed of 750rpm, power needed for 154watt, length 220mm V-belts V-belts with a speed of 3.925m/s. Produce Moringa leaf powder with a moisture content of 15% with the quality of green products (Moringa leaves), the fineness of the flour in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard quality of the flour (80mesh sieve), and the content of protein content is high at 28.84%.
UJI KINERJA MEMBRAN MIKROFILTRASI DAN REVERSE OSMOSIS PADA PROSES PENGOLAHAN AIR RESERVOIR MENJADI AIR MINUM ISI ULANG Meidinariasty, Anerasari
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 3 (2019): KINETIKA 01112019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Water in reservoir tank contains contaminant such as E.coli, Coliform and the highest TDS and Turbidity content. There many method that used to reduce contaminant in the water, such as by using microfiltration and reverse osmosis membrane. This research aimed to performace testing of microfiltration and reverse osmosis membrane in processing revervoir water become refilled drinking water by using flowrate as parameters to decrease contaminant in the reservoir water. Variations of flow rate (1.5; 2; 2.5; 3; 3.5 L/min) for microfiltration process and (2.2; 2.8; 3.4; 4.1; 5 L/min) for reverse osmosis process. The biggest flux at flow rate 1.5 L/min is 69,65 L/m2minute on microfiltration process and at 2.2 L/min is 16.6 L/m2minute on reverse osmosis process. The best rejection on microfiltration at flow rate 1.5 L/min, which is able to reduce the TDS parameters up to 77.31% on the 1 micron MF membrane and 66.68% on the 5 micron MF membrane. Turbidity rejection up to 70.62% on the MF 1 micron membrane and 64.97% on the 5 micron MF membrane. E.coli and Coliform rejection up to 63.57%.The effectiveness of RO membrane to reduce TDS is 97.18% and turbidity 85.71% at valve opening 20% with a pressure of 4 bar flow rate of 2.2 L/min where nothing E.coli and Coliform bacteria lef
PROTOTYPE ROTARY DRYER DENGAN BAHAN BAKAR BIOMASSA DITINJAU DARI PENGARUH VARIASI LAJU ALIR UDARA DAN DURASI WAKTU PENGERINGAN TERHADAP LAJU PENGERINGAN JAGUNG Effendy, Sahrul; Syarif, Aida; Wardani, Deli Kusuma; Amalia, Indah
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 1 (2019): KINETIKA 01032019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Rotary dryer are best suited for drying materials that are not easily broken and resistant to heat and require time for rapid drying. The drying process of corn kernels with rotary dryer by using biomass fuels becomes alternative to replace heat sources derived from the burning of fuel oil (BBM), as fuel prices tend to increase. While the availability of which decreased. The changed variable used is the air flow rate of the dryer air (3.5 m/s, 4 m/s, 4.5 m/s, 5 m/s and 5.5 m/s) and drying time (10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, and 30 minutes). The results showed that the moisture content of corn kernels was influenced by the drying air flow rate and the duration of drying time. The result of drying of corn kernels with the lowest water content is 9.66% achieved in the process conditions with drying air temperature 60oC with the air flow rate of the dryer air 5.5 m/s. Meanwhile, the highest rate of drying is 0.00307 kg/second. In testing the variation of drying time, the results of drying corn kernels with the lowest water content are 2.2% achieved at 30 minutes drying time and the highest drying rate was achieved at 30 minutes drying time, which was 0.002448 kg/s.

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