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Kinetika
Published by Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya
ISSN : 16939050     EISSN : 26231417     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan merupakan hasil-hasil riset/penelitian dalam bidang Teknik Kimia, Bioteknologi, Energi dan Lingkungan, Agroindustri dan pangan, serta Petrokimia.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 214 Documents
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ISSN: 1693-9050 E-ISSN: 2623-1417 https://jurnal.polsri.ac.id/index.php/kimia/index 20 PENGARUH DAYA MICROWAVE DALAM PROSES PENGOLAHAN MINYAK MAWAR (Rosa hybrida) DAN MINYAK YLANG-YLANG (Cananga odorata genuine) DENGAN METODE MICROWAVE HYDRODISTILLATION Effendy, Sahrul; Aswan, Arizal; Ridwan, K.A; ., Zurohaina; Ramadhania, Nadhira; Amanda, Thalia Junica
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): KINETIKA 01112020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Rose and ylang-ylang flower oil is usually obtained by conventional hydrodistillation and takes a long time. One of the new technologies that can be used is hydro distillation using a microwave. This study aims to study the effect of time and microwave power on the yield of essential oils obtained and will be analyzed with rose oil standards ISO 9842: 2003 and CAS 8007-01-0 and ylang-ylang flower oil SNI 06-7224-2006. The variables tested in this study were the ingredients of rose and ylang-ylang flowers (fresh and wilted), weighing 200 grams and 100 grams, respectively. The microwave power used is 180, 270, 360, 450 Watt. The operating conditions in this method are at 1 atm. The highest yield of rose flower oil yield was at the power of 450 Watt minutes to 90 of 0.1266%, while the highest yield of ylang-ylang flower oil was at power of 360 watts to 90 minutes of 0.2758%. The lowest value of specific energy consumption (SEC) in roses is at a power of 450 watts of 2.0574 kWh / gr. The SEC value of ylang-ylang flower oil is at a power of 360 watts of 2.1318 kWh / gr.
PENGARUH VARIASI JENIS ABU BOILER DAN KOSENTRASI HCl TERHADAP SIFAT FISIS SILIKA GEL HASIL SINTESIS Meidinariasty, Anerasari; Purnamasari, Indah; Zamhari, Mustain; ., Fadarina; Permadi, Jekasyah; Fadillah, Nadia Zaky; Luthfiah, Sakinah
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): KINETIKA 01112020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Efforts to minimize environmental pollution caused by solid waste in the form of boiler ash are managed and reused into new materials that have economic value. Boiler ash has a high enough silica content which can be used as an alternative raw material for making adsorbents in the form of silica gel. This study aims to synthesize silica gel from variations of boiler ash and determine the effect of HCl concentration on its physical properties. The boiler ash used comes from PT Tanjungenim Lestari Pulp and Paper, PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja and PT Sriwijaya Palm Oil Indonesia. Silica gel synthesis was carried out by extracting boiler ash with 3 M NaOH solution for 1 hour, then the extraction results in the form of Sodium Silicate were precipitated using HCl with various concentrations of 1, 3 and 5 M. The physical properties of the synthesized silica gel were analyzed by analyzing the SiO2 content, water content, and absorption capacity of water vapor. The effect of HCl concentration on the physical properties of the synthesized silica gel showed the highest yield value in SG PP, SG PS, and SG PO respectively amounted to 15.6176%, 21.6115% and 24.5215%.The highest SiO2 content value in a row in SG PP, PS SG and SG PO amounted to 39.48%, 52.73% and 50.74%.
PROSES PENGAMBILAN MINYAK ATSIRI DARI TANAMAN NILAM (Pogestemon cablin Benth) MENGGUNAKAN METODE MICROWAVE HYDRODISTILLATION Yuliana, Dwi Astri; urhidayati, Siti; ., Zurohaina; Aswan, Arizal; Febriana, Ida
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): KINETIKA 01112020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Patchouli essential oil that is produced using conventional refining technology often does not meet the requirements for export. Refining using conventional technology requires a relatively long time, the energy required is large and the product quality is low. To improve the quality of patchouli oil and energy savings in this study, the process of making patchouli oil using the Microwave hydro distillation method is used. This process is a combination of the use of microwaves with a distillation system. The material in the flash column section which is made of glass will be penetrated by microwave radiation and will be absorbed by the material. This event will cause heat so that the cell walls in the oil will break and the content in the oil will be free to escape. Based on the results of the study using patchouli plant raw materials, the optimal variation in operating time and microwave power to obtain high yields at 60 minutes power was 0.3301% and the lowest SEC value was at 30 minutes power which was 1.889.92 gr / ml. While the results of the study used patchouli leaf raw materials, the optimal variation in operating time and distillation temperature to obtain high yields at a temperature of 98ËšC minutes 60, namely 0.3301% and the lowest SEC value at a temperature of 98ËšC minutes 30. which is 1,889.92 gr / ml.
PENGARUH DAYA MICROWAVE TERHADAP RENDEMEN MINYAK KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmannii) DENGAN METODE MICROWAVE HYDRODISTILLATION Hananta, Bagas Oktaihza; Pratama, Putra; Aswan, Arizal; ., Fatria; ., Zurohaina
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): KINETIKA 01112020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Cinnamon oil is usually obtained by conventional methods and takes a long time. One of the newer methods that can be used is microwave hydrodistillation. The advantage of microwaves is their ability to provide energy directly to all ingredients, which saves time compared to conventional methods. This study aims to study the effect of time and microwave power on the yield of essential oils obtained. The solvent used was aquadest, the variables tested in the study were the raw material for leaves and cinnamon bark weighing 150 grams and 100 grams, respectively. The microwave power used is 180, 360, 450 Watt. The operating conditions in this method are at atmospheric pressure. When using 180W power, the yield of leaf oil and cinnamon bark is 0.65% and 0.51%, at 360W power is 0.96% and 0.75%, and 450W power is 0.88% and 0.89%. %. The value of specific energy consumption (SEC) at 180W microwave power is 1.78 kWh / gr and 3.40 kWh / gr, at 360W power is 1.50 kWh / gr and 2.91 kWh / gr and 450W power is 1.80 kWh / gr and 2.72 kWh / gr.
PRODUKSI GAS HIDROGEN DITINJAU DARI PENGARUH DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL TERHADAP VARIASI KONSENTRASI KATALIS DAN JENIS AIR YANG DILENGKAPI ARRESTOR Bow, Yohandri; Sari, Ayu Permata; Harliyani, Ayu Dwi; Saputra, Bayu; Budiman, Ria
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): KINETIKA 01112020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The potential for renewable energy is converting water into hydrogen gas through the electrolysis process. Electrolysis is the process of separating water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen gas by flowing an electric current. The electrolysis process is influenced by the type and concentration of catalyst, electrode, and the salinity of raw material. The electrolysis reactor prototype equipped with an arrestor to reduce risk of work accidents due to flashback fire. The results showed that in electrolysis process salinity value would be directly proportional to the gas produced from electrolysis the highest volume of hydrogen gas produced with a salinity of 8 ppt 100 ppm with a current of 35A. In the addition of a catalyst in the electrolysis process with current strength of 35 amperes the highest volume of hydrogen produced was 1.1744 liters at a concentration of 0.1M, for NaOH and with H2SO4 a gas with a volume of 1.2199 liters and a concentration of 0,1 M and the highest efficiency was obtained at a concentration of 0.1M of 40.1503% for NaOH and 41.7063% for H2SO4. In the arrestor test, it was found that filler material for stainless steel wool, copper powder, and aluminum oxide can prevent flashback fire.
PENGARUH TEMPERATUR DAN WAKTU REAKSI MINYAK JELANTAH DENGAN ZEOLIT ALAM PADA PRODUKSI BIOFUEL Febriana, Ida; Ramadhini, Tri Karimah; Aulia, Tri
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): KINETIKA 01112020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Biofuel is an alternative fuel that can be produced with organic resources such as vegetable oil and animal fat. One of the items that can be converted into biofuels is waste cooking oil. Waste cooking oil has a long hydrocarbon chain that allows it to be cracked. Biofuels are produced by catalytic cracking process. Catalytic cracking is a process in which complex hydrocarbon fractions are cracked into smaller, more valuable hydrocarbon. In this process natural zeolite is used by its ability on cracking hydrocarbon fractions. This research aims to get optimum condition of converting waste cooking oil to biofuels and to know the effects of temperature and reaction time on its products produced. The amount of raw materials, type of catalyst and amount of catalyst is preferred as controlled variable in this research, whereas temperature and reaction time is preferred as statistical variable. Biofuels are produced by various temperature such as 280°C-320°C and reaction time on 30 minutes-150 minutes using natural zeolite catalyst which accelerate the reactions. According to the process that has been done, this research obtained optimum process condition at the highest temperature 320°C which reviewed by its yield produced percentage in amount of 9.8147%. Based on various tested parameters including density, viscosity, flash point and GC-MS, biofuels has required the quality standard.
POTENSI ANTIOKSIDAN DALAM KELOPAK BUNGA ROSELLA (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) SEBAGAI ANTI-AGING Malinda, Okta; Syakdani, Adi
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): KINETIKA 01112020
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Abstract

Roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) contain compounds that have anioxidan so it can ward off free radicals. The value of roselle benefit is very wide both for food and health, so the potential of roselle diversification is quite large. The important ingredients found in roselle petals are anthocyanin pigments that act as antioxidants. The purpose of this article review is to know the potential of antioxsidan in roselle flowers (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) as anti-aging. Review of this article is using comparative research methods from various sources and from various research journals with a minimum number of 25 research journals. The results of this review suggest that the roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) has potential as anti-aging of the leaves, fruits, and petals of the roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) has been shown to contain antioxidant.
EFISIENSI MESIN PENGERING BEKU VAKUM PADA PENGERINGAN CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annuum L.) ., Fadarina
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): KINETIKA 01032020
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Vacuum freeze drying is a drying method performed at low temperature, reducing product damage caused by high temperature. Red chilies are highly perishable and seasonal, so farmers who have applied the recommended cultivation technology will produce large quantities of chilies at harvest time. This study aimed to design a vacuum freeze dryer, obtained the performance of the dryer based on the efficiency of the cooling machine, and obtained red chilies that met the water content standards based on SNI No. 01-3389-1994. The parameters measured for the cooling machine performance including time, temperature of the evaporator inlet and outlet, temperature of the condenser inlet and outlet. For red chilies drying, the measured parameters were drying temperature with variations 40oC, 45oC, 50oC, and 55oC for 13 hours. Based on the test result, the design of this vacuum freeze dryer had a maximum capacity of 6.52 L for the cold room and 3 L for the heating room. The average of the actual COP, Carnot COP, and refrigeration efficiency were 3.33, 6.18, and 53.71%respectively. The dried chilies produced met the moisture content in accordance with SNI No. 01-3389-1994, namely at temperature 50oC and 55oC with water content of 10.66% and 9.50%respectively.
PENGARUH JUMLAH KATALIS DAN TEMPERATUR PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN BAHAN BAKAR CAIR LIMBAH STYROFOAM DENGAN METODE CATALYTIC CRACKING ., Zurohaina; Zikri, Ahmad; Febriana, Ida; Amin, Jaksen M.; Pratiwi, Anggun; Pratiwi, Mitha; Reyhan, Muhammad Hifal
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): KINETIKA 01032020
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Abstract

Styrofoam is a thermoplastic polymer that cannot be biodegradable. Styrofoam waste is generally treated using burning method which produce a dangerous gases. Cracking is the right method to solve the problem by converting styrofoam waste into liquid fuel. In this study, the cracking process was carried out by catalytic cracking method using zeolit alam, SiO2.Al2O3 dan Ï’-Al2O3 as a catalyst. The aims of this study are to determine the effect of the number of catalyst and temperature variation on the percentage of yield, physical properties and compound content of liquid fuel. Variabels varied are the number of catalyst 5-25% from total reactants and temperatur variation 300-550 oC. The result shows, the highest %yield using zeolit alam is 77,7846% at 20% catalyst, for silica alumina with variations of temperature showed the highest % yield in the temperature 450oC is 79,09% and for Ï’-Al2O3 with variations of temperature showed the highest % yield in the temperature 500oC is 68,20%
PENGARUH VARIASI SUHU, RASIO MOL REAKTAN DAN PERSEN KATALIS TERHADAP METIL ESTER SULFONAT MENGGUNAKAN REAKTOR SULFONASI Amin, Jaksen M.; Manggala, Agus; Ningsih, Aisyah Suci; Hilmasari, Jenni; Aliza, Sintiya Nur; Al Kusari, Willy
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): KINETIKA 01032020
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Abstract

Surfactants are generally produced from petroleum and natural gas derivatives while petroleum reserves are depleting and cannot be renewed. This has the potential to cause an energy crisis on a global scale in the future. To solve this problem, alternative renewable raw materials are needed that can help make surfactants that are environmentally friendly, namely raw materials sourced from vegetable oil. One of the anionic surfactants that can be made from plant materials and is renewable is Methyl ester sulfonate. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the mole ratio, temperature and percent of the catalyst and the duration of the sulfonation reaction using NaHSO3 reactants on the resulting MES. The production process of the MES surfactant is carried out by reacting the methyl ester with the sulfonation reagent in the form of NaHSO3 and CaO catalyst in the sulfonation reactor. The results showed that MES had the best characteristics with an optimum state in the ratio of 1: 1.5 mole ratio with 1% CaO catalyst and a temperature of

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