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Manna Rafflesia
Published by Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu
ISSN : 23564547     EISSN : 27210006     DOI : 10.38091
Core Subject : Religion,
Religion
Manna Rafflesia (Jurnal Teologi Agama Kristen) yang dikelola oleh Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu (STTAB). Jurnal ini diterbitkan sebagai upaya untuk melaksanakan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. Secara khusus dalam bidang penelitian. Jurnal ini diterbitkan 2 kali dalam setahun (per 6 bulan), yaitu pada Bulan April dan Oktober. Jurnal Manna Rafflesia merupakan wadah publikasi hasil penelitian teologi
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 254 Documents
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PEMETAAN KARAKTERIRSTIK KEPEMIMPINAN PEMUDA GEREJA DI KOTA MAKASSAR DENGAN PENDEKATAN TRAIT THEORY Elsa Novitra Ginting; Jerda Djawa; Rut Enjelika Br Tarigan
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i2.658

Abstract

Youth are the next generation of the nation who need to be well prepared to become agents of peace and future leaders. The city of Makassar is a multicultural area and is therefore vulnerable to potential friction among social groups if diversity is not managed properly. This condition constitutes the urgency of the present study, namely, to enable church youth to play a strategic role in mitigating potential conflicts and in building bridges of fraternity by developing an appropriate model of self-leadership. This research is important for fostering awareness of the significance of diversity within a multicultural society, so that opportunities for tension and conflict can be minimized. This study aims to develop a leadership model based on Trait Theory in order to enhance the role of church youth in the city of Makassar. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews and observations of church youth. The findings indicate the existence of two types of leadership characteristics among church youth in Makassar. It is expected that this research will contribute to the development of church youth leadership in Makassar in responding to the challenges of diversity.
PEMAHAMAN TEOLOGIS ORANG TUA KRISTEN TENTANG FORMASI IMAN ANAK DALAM KELUARGA DI GEREJA PROTESTAN MALUKU Christina Metallica Samosir; Noh Ibrahim Boiliu; Meike Lely Lewankoru; Ribka Ribka; Eklin Amtor de Fretes
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i2.664

Abstract

This study examines Christian parents’ perceptions of children’s faith formation within the family as an expression of Christian faith praxis in the context of the Protestant Church of Maluku. The study is grounded in the theological understanding that the family serves as a primary space for nurturing faith across generations within the life of the church. This research employs a qualitative approach using descriptive-analytical methods through interviews and document analysis involving church families. Data were analyzed thematically within the framework of practical theology and family theology. The findings indicate that parents perceive children’s faith formation as a spiritual responsibility closely related to life example, family worship practices, and the internalization of Christian values in daily life. However, contextual dynamics influence these practices, including social change, digital challenges, and limited theological understanding among families. This study contributes to the development of practical theology discourse, particularly in the areas of family theology and intergenerational faith formation within the context of local churches in Indonesia. Theologically, this study reaffirms the importance of the family as an essential space of faith praxis in sustaining church life and shaping the spirituality of younger generations.
MANULANGI: JEJAK SPIRITUAL DALAM TRADISI BATAK YANG MENGINSPIRASI PEMBINAAN IMAN INTERGENERASI Junjungan Simorangkir; Johanes Waldes Hasugian; Bintahan Marodjahan; Shindy Roidola Napitupulu; Robert Juni Tua Sitio; Candra Tandi Reinhard Siagian
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i2.666

Abstract

The Manulangi tradition in Batak society is a cultural practice that represents children's respect for their parents while strengthening family solidarity. The values ​​in this tradition align with Christian teachings, particularly the command to honor parents (Exodus 20:12). However, most previous studies have emphasized the symbolic and socio-cultural aspects of the Manulangi tradition, resulting in little exploration of its pedagogical potential in Christian faith education. This study aims to reinterpret the Manulangi tradition as a pedagogical medium for intergenerational Christian faith education. The study used a descriptive qualitative method through observation and in-depth interviews with religious leaders, traditional leaders, and village heads in Lumban Suhi-Suhi Village, Pangururan District, Samosir Regency, North Sumatra. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, thematic categorization, and theological-pedagogical analysis with source triangulation validation. The results show that Manulangi functions not only as a traditional tradition but also as a learning space for faith values ​​that enable the transfer of values ​​between generations, such as respect, love, responsibility, and family reconciliation. With a contextual theological approach and adult education, this tradition has the potential to be developed as a pedagogical medium in contextual Christian faith education for the Batak people.
KONSEP ‘MATI SEBELUM WAKTUNYA’ DALAM PENGKHOTBAH 7:17: SUATU TELAAH TEOLOGIS DAN EKSEGETIS Timotius Bakti Sarono
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i2.678

Abstract

This study aims to explore the meaning of the phrase “to die before one’s time” as found in Ecclesiastes 7:17, within the framework of biblical wisdom literature. The phrase is often understood as the moral and spiritual consequences of a life marked by wickedness and foolishness. This study uses exegetical and semantic approaches to analyze Hebrew root words such as רָשָׁע (rashaʿ) for “wicked” and סָכָל (sakal) for “foolish,” as well as עֵת (ʿet) which refers to “time” or “season.” The results of the analysis show that “to die before one’s time” is not simply a biological event, but a theological expression that implies a discrepancy between God’s will and human life choices. In the Hebrew wisdom tradition, this kind of death is seen as the result of a rejection of the ethical and spiritual values ​​embedded in God’s law. This study also highlights how the doctrine of free will plays a role in determining these existential consequences. Thus, the text of Ecclesiastes 7:17 becomes an important reflection of biblical ethics and spirituality that emphasizes the interconnectedness of moral choices, wise living, and human life time.
TRANSFORMASI SPIRITUALITAS GEREJA DAN NILAI-NILAI KEKRISTENAN DALAM KONTEKS PELAYANAN DIGITAL BERBASIS TEOLOGI PRAKTIS KONTEKSTUAL Yohanes Twintarto Agus Indratno
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i2.679

Abstract

Rapid developments in information technology have brought about significant changes in various aspects of human life, including in the practice and expression of church life. Churches that were once centred on physical gatherings now face the challenge of adapting to the dynamics of digital ministry without losing their spiritual essence. This shift requires a new understanding of how Christian values can be authentically lived and realised in a fast-paced and interactive digital space. The emergence of digital churches shows that faith and technology can go hand in hand within a contextual practical theology framework. This study aims to analyse the transformation of church spirituality and how Christian values are recontextualised in digital ministry. The research method used is a qualitative approach with theological literature analysis. It can be concluded that the reconstruction of Christian spirituality in the digital age requires a reflective, critical, and contextual practical theological approach. The digital transformation of the church is not merely technological, but also ecclesiological, as it reshapes the way faith communities relate, worship, and witness. Digital ecclesiology opens up opportunities for the formation of inclusive and participatory faith communities, but at the same time presents challenges to spiritual depth, authenticity of relationships, and spiritual discipline. Therefore, the church needs to manage digital spirituality theologically, ethically, and responsibly.
MISSIO DEI SEBAGAI PERSEKUTUAN RELASIONAL: REFLEKSI MISIOLOGIS DARI YOHANES 17:20–21 BAGI GEREJA MASA KINI Paulus Purwoto; Kalis Stevanus; Yunianto Yunianto
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i2.682

Abstract

This paper re-examines the concept of Missio Dei as a relational fellowship, starting from a theological study of John 17:20–21. In practice, the understanding of the church's mission is often reduced to mere programmatic activities or efforts to expand church institutions. This perspective has the potential to ignore the relational dimension that is actually the main foundation of the mission itself. This research uses a qualitative approach with theological analysis methods. The review process is carried out through the study of relevant literature and exposition of the biblical text, especially John 17:20–21. The results of the analysis show that John 17:20–21 emphasizes that the sending of the disciples is a continuation of the existing relationship between the Father and the Son. Missio Dei is essentially the church's participation in the relational fellowship of the Triune God. The church is not only called to carry out various mission activities, but also to live out relationships that reflect the character of this divine fellowship. Missiologically, this understanding implies that the contemporary church needs to actualize its calling both relationally and contextually, especially in facing the increasingly plural and dynamic realities of society.
NARASI PENDERITAAN DAN KESABARAN NABI DALAM YAKOBUS 5:10: IMPLIKASI TEOLOGIS BAGI KEPEMIMPINAN GEMBALA JEMAAT Paulus Kunto Baskoro; Anon Dwi Saputra
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i2.683

Abstract

Pastors are often perceived as problem solvers, yet they are ordinary individuals carrying a sacred calling that demands complete spiritual exemplary. A crucial, often overlooked focus is the perseverance in enduring unexpressed internal suffering. This descriptive qualitative study, utilizing a library research method, aims to analyze the relevance of James 5:10 for contemporary ecclesiastical leadership. Through the exegesis of the text "Take the prophets as an example of suffering and patience," it is found that the suffering of the prophets serves as an essential prototype of exemplary leadership. The research findings indicate that patience (makrothumia) in suffering constitutes a spiritual authority that strengthens the congregation. In conclusion, the effectiveness of pastoral care is measured by the pastor's capacity to persistently manage emotional suffering without compromising integrity. The novelty of this research lies in the context of "unexpressed emotional suffering." This article offers a perspective that emotional resilience and internal patience are essential instruments of transformative leadership in modern ecclesiology.
JESUS CHRIST AS A MODEL FOR PEACE LEADERS IN ADVANCING CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION IN THE CITY OF SOLO Irawan Budi Lukmono; Kezia Yemima
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i2.684

Abstract

As a pluralistic city, Solo is vulnerable to intolerance, violence, and conflict, all of which impact the lives of its residents. Ethnic, cultural, religious, and political divisions are the main causes of ongoing conflicts in Solo, resulting in frequent disturbances almost every year. The purpose of this study is to develop a peace leadership paradigm using Jesus Christ as a model to transform conflict in Solo. This research employs a qualitative methodology and a phenomenological paradigm. Data collection techniques include literature review, interviews, and observation. Domain analysis, taxonomic analysis, componential analysis, and thematic analysis were all used in the data analysis process. Based on the example of Jesus Christ, this study produces a peace leadership model aimed at bringing conflict transformation to Solo. Conclusion: In the context of Solo, peace leadership modeled on Jesus Christ is considered appropriate and applicable. .
MODEL KESEHATAN HOLISTIK PREVENTIF BERBASIS SPIRITUALITAS DALAM NARASI DANIEL 1:8–15: SUATU KAJIAN TEOLOGIS Sri Mulyati; Estherlina Maria Ayawaila
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i2.685

Abstract

This study aims to construct a preventive holistic health model grounded in spirituality based on the narrative of Daniel 1:8–15 within the framework of theology of health. Employing a qualitative library research design, this study utilizes canonical theological exegesis integrated with a theological-health hermeneutical approach to examine the relationship between spiritual discipline, self-regulation, and healthy lifestyle practices within the context of covenant identity. The findings reveal that the Daniel narrative presents an integrative and preventive health paradigm through three key dimensions: faith-based ethical decision-making, embodied discipline through dietary practices, and observable physical outcomes. These findings demonstrate that biblical spirituality is not dualistic but is embodied in concrete life practices that shape health-related behavior. Spiritual discipline functions as an internal mechanism of self-regulation that contributes to sustainable healthy living. The novelty of this study lies in the formulation of a preventive theology of health model derived from biblical narrative, which integrates theological, spiritual, and contemporary health perspectives. Theoretically, this study contributes to the development of integrative theology of health, while practically it offers a conceptual framework for faith-based health education and pastoral care in contemporary contexts.
EKSPEKTASI PROFETIK UMAT KRISTEN DI ERA DIGITAL: REINTERPRETASI ESKATOLOGI DALAM BUDAYA MEDIA SOSIAL Yonatan Alex Arifianto
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i2.688

Abstract

The rise of social media has fundamentally transformed the way the Christian faith is expressed and understood in the public sphere of our time. Christian eschatology and prophetic expectations have undergone a shift in meaning due to the digital logic that emphasises speed, visualisation, and the virality of religious narratives. Consequently, prophetic language, which should shape the hope of faith, is often reduced to sensationalist discourse lacking theological reflection and pastoral discernment. This study aims to reframe Christian eschatology theologically and critically so that it remains relevant and responsible within social media culture. Using a qualitative method with a literature review and theological analysis, it can be concluded that Christian eschatology in both classical and contemporary traditions demonstrates that prophetic expectations are theologically rooted in eschatological hope, which shapes the faith and life orientation of believers. However, within the context of social media as a space for theological mediation, prophetic language undergoes a transformation that often shifts hope into religious sensationalism, which has the potential to weaken the depth of faith reflection. Therefore, a reframing of Christian eschatology is required through theological discernment and pastoral responsibility so that prophetic expectations remain faithful to the Christian faith and biblical values

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