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Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26848082     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24198/padjir.v1i1
Core Subject : Humanities, Social,
Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Politik Global, Ekonomi Politik Global, Organisasi dan Kerjasama Internasional, Tata Kelola Global dan Hukum Internasional, Diplomasi, Kebijakan Luar Negeri, dan Studi Keamanan, Gender dan Feminisme, serta Studi Budaya.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 138 Documents
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Shokugeki no Soma Anime as a Form of Japanese Soft Power in Indonesia Gayatri, Gita Dewi; Konety, Neneng
Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations Vol 8, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/padjir.v8i1.61954

Abstract

Anime is a Japanese popular culture that has gone global. The Shokugeki no Soma anime is one of the anime that has many fans in various countries, one of which is in Indonesia. Although this anime has never been broadcast on Indonesian television stations, Ani-One Asia, a business branch of Medialink Group engaged in content distribution and brand licensing, has broadcast the Shokugeki no Soma anime with Indonesian subtitles on the YouTube platform for free. This study aims to explain the Shokugeki no Soma anime as a form of Japanese soft power in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative method with interpretive analysis. The object of study is the Shokugeki no Soma anime which displays scenes containing Japanese cultural elements. Data collection was carried out through interviews and literature studies. In analyzing, the researcher used the theory of soft power and cultural diplomacy. From the results of the study, the researcher found that the Shokugeki no Soma anime is a product of Japanese popular culture that is used as a source of soft power. The Washoku and Onsen cultures featured in the Shokugeki no Soma anime are Japan's efforts to attract the interest of its viewers so that they want to know more about Japan. Apart from contributing as a soft power instrument that introduces Japanese culture, the Shokugeki no Soma anime also contributes as a tool for Japanese cultural diplomacy in the tourism sector because it can influence viewers to go to Japan because they want to experience Washoku and Onsen culture directlyAnime merupakan budaya populer Jepang yang telah mendunia. Anime Shokugeki no Soma adalah salah satu anime yang memiliki banyak penggemar di berbagai negara, salah satunya di Indonesia. Meski anime ini belum pernah tayang di stasiun televisi Indonesia, tapi Ani-One Asia, cabang bisnis dari Medialink Group yang bergerak di bidang distribusi konten dan lisensi merek telah menayangkan anime Shokugeki no Soma dengan takarir Bahasa Indonesia di platform YouTube secara gratis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tentang anime Shokugeki no Soma sebagai bentuk soft power Jepang di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan analisis interpretatif. Objek yang diteliti adalah anime Shokugeki no Soma yang menampilkan adegan-adegan berisi elemen budaya Jepang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan studi pustaka. Dalam menganalisis, peneliti menggunakan teori soft power dan diplomasi budaya. Dari hasil penelitian, peneliti menemukan bahwa anime Shokugeki no Soma merupakan produk budaya populer Jepang yang dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber soft power. Budaya Washoku dan Onsen yang ditampilkan dalam anime Shokugeki no Soma merupakan upaya Jepang untuk menarik minta para penontonnya agar mereka ingin tahu lebih dalam tentang Jepang. Selain berkontribusi sebagai instrumen soft power yang memperkenalkan budaya Jepang, anime Shokugeki no Soma juga berkontribusi sebagai alat diplomasi budaya Jepang dalam sektor pariwisata karena dapat mempengaruhi para penontonnya untuk pergi ke Jepang sebab mereka ingin merasakan secara langsung budaya Washoku dan Onsen
Bank Indonesia's Initiative in Branding Indonesian Islamic Culture through Modest Fashion as a Soft Power Instrument Afrilia, Tia; Sahide, Ahmad
Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations Vol 8, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/padjir.v8i1.67449

Abstract

Modest fashion has evolved into a global phenomenon, representing cultural and religious identity, particularly within Muslim communities. Indonesia, as the country with the largest Muslim population in the world, is leveraging this potential not only in the context of the creative economy but also as a cultural diplomacy through a soft power approach.This research aims to analyze how modest fashion is utilized as an instrument of soft power by Indonesia, focusing on the strategic role of Bank Indonesia in building and promoting a moderate, inclusive, and progressive image of Indonesian Islamic culture on the global stage. Using qualitative research methods that are descriptive and explanatory in nature, data were collected through document analysis, academic literature, and reports on modest fashion programs facilitated by Bank Indonesia. The research findings indicate that Bank Indonesia plays a significant role in integrating economic, cultural, and diplomatic aspects through various initiatives such as the Indonesia Sharia Economic Festival (ISEF) and the Indonesia International Modest Fashion Festival (IN2MF). These initiatives successfully strengthened Indonesia's position as a global hub for modest fashion and built a positive image of Indonesian Islamic culture worldwide. Modest Fashion telah berkembang menjadi fenomena global, mewakili identitas budaya dan agama, terutama di kalangan komunitas Muslim. Indonesia, sebagai negara dengan populasi Muslim terbesar di dunia, memanfaatkan potensi ini tidak hanya dalam konteks ekonomi kreatif tetapi juga sebagai diplomasi budaya melalui pendekatan soft power. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana mode modest dimanfaatkan sebagai alat soft power oleh Indonesia, dengan fokus pada peran strategis Bank Indonesia dalam membangun dan mempromosikan citra budaya Islam Indonesia yang moderat, inklusif, dan progresif di panggung global. Metode penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif eksplanatif, data dikumpulkan melalui analisis dokumen, literatur akademik, dan laporan program mode modest yang difasilitasi oleh Bank Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Bank Indonesia memainkan peran signifikan dalam mengintegrasikan aspek ekonomi, budaya, dan diplomatik melalui berbagai inisiatif seperti Indonesia Sharia Economic Festival (ISEF) dan Indonesia International Modest Fashion Festival (IN2MF). Inisiatif-inisiatif ini berhasil memperkuat posisi Indonesia sebagai pusat mode modest global dan membangun citra positif budaya Islam Indonesia secara global.
The Implications of British Colonial Territorial Division on Class Conflict in India and Pakistan Maharani, Citra Ayu; Walalangi, David Rivendell
Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations Vol 8, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/padjir.v8i2.68742

Abstract

This article examines how British colonial practices in India, including determining territorial boundaries, shaped power relations and class structures that were later reproduced into modern geopolitical conflict. The theoretical framework employed is Geopolitical Marxism, which emphasizes that relations of ownership and control over resources are the primary drivers of social and political change. This research adopts a qualitative method. The data are derived from secondary sources collected from various relevant materials. The collected data are then sorted and categorized according to the research focus. Subsequently, the data are analyzed using cross-source data triangulation to ensure the validity of findings and to strengthen the accuracy of interpretative results. The findings indicate that the hasty and arbitrary division of territory, such as the establishment of the Radcliffe Line, reinforced socio-economic inequalities and opened space for power struggles among postcolonial political elites. The prolonged conflicts in Punjab, Bengal, and Kashmir represent the reproduction of colonial ruling-class formations within modern state structures. The legacy of British colonialism is therefore not limited to territorial boundaries, but also includes enduring class domination that continues to generate cycles of conflict in India-Pakistan today.Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana praktik kolonial Inggris di India, termasuk dalam penentuan batas teritorial, membentuk relasi kekuasaan dan kelas yang kemudian direproduksi menjadi konflik geopolitik modern. Kerangka teori yang digunakan adalah Geopolitical Marxism yang menekankan bahwa relasi kepemilikan dan penguasaan sumber daya adalah penggerak utama perubahan sosial dan politik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui data sekunder yang dikumpulkan dari berbagai sumber relevan. Data yang telah terkumpul kemudian dipilah dan dikategorikan sesuai dengan fokus penelitian. Selanjutnya, data dianalisis menggunakan teknik triangulasi data antar sumber untuk memastikan validitas temuan dan memperkuat ketepatan interpretasi hasil penelitian. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembagian wilayah yang tergesa-gesa dan arbitrer, seperti penetapan Radcliffe Line, memperkuat ketimpangan sosial-ekonomi dan membuka ruang bagi perebutan kekuasaan antar elit politik pascakolonial. Konflik berkepanjangan di Punjab, Bengal, dan Kashmir merupakan hasil reproduksi kelas penguasa kolonial ke dalam struktur negara modern. Warisan kolonial Inggris tidak hanya berupa batas teritorial, tetapi juga struktur dominasi kelas yang terus menciptakan siklus konflik di India-Pakistan hingga saat ini.
Advancing Green Transportation through Subnational Diplomacy: West Java–Chungcheongnam-do Cooperation in e-BRT and EV Infrastructure Development Nainggolan, Felicia Sang Ayu Putri; Azmi, Fuad
Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations Vol 8, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/padjir.v8i2.69693

Abstract

The challenges of urban carbon emissions and air pollution are growing, and the need for sustainable transport is becoming more pressing on a global scale, especially in developing countries, where implementation is often hampered by the lack of infrastructure and institutional capacity, and lack of policy coordination. The cooperation of West Java Province, Indonesia, and Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea, is relevant in this context because it is an example of subnational actors solving these problems with cross-border collaboration. In this study, secondary data analysis techniques based on a qualitative descriptive analytic approach is used, which is data obtained from official documents, institutional reports, and scientific literature. The results demonstrate that the cooperation has been moving toward tangible results in the form of policy implementation, such as the development of EV charging stations and electric bus rapid transit (e-BRT) in Bandung, and the Joint Working Group Meeting (JWGM) serves as a regular coordination forum that strengthens technical dialogue and operational alignment. The dynamics suggest subnational cooperation is not only a pathway to policy diffusion but also a way of creating capacity for policy implementation through the technical coordination of policy implementation across the subnational lines.Peningkatan emisi karbon dan polusi udara di kawasan perkotaan menuntut pengembangan transportasi berkelanjutan, namun implementasinya di wilayah berkembang sering terkendala keterbatasan infrastruktur, kapasitas kelembagaan, dan koordinasi kebijakan. Dalam konteks ini, kerja sama antara Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat dan Chungcheongnam-do, Korea Selatan, menjadi relevan untuk dikaji sebagai upaya aktor subnasional dalam merespons tantangan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif-analitis berbasis data sekunder dari dokumen resmi, laporan institusi, dan literatur akademik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerja sama telah bergerak menuju implementasi kebijakan konkret melalui pengembangan e-BRT dan infrastruktur pengisian daya kendaraan listrik di Kota Bandung, dengan Joint Working Group Meeting (JWGM) berperan sebagai forum koordinasi teknis yang memfasilitasi pertukaran pengetahuan dan penyelarasan operasional. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kerja sama subnasional tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai difusi kebijakan, tetapi juga sebagai mekanisme pembentukan kapasitas implementasi melalui koordinasi teknis lintas negara.
The Dynamics of China’s Emissions Mitigation Policy: An Analysis of the Limitations of Adopting Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage as a Primary Instrument for Carbon Emissions Reduction Anjarwati, Patut; Kuswardini, Seftina
Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations Vol 8, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/padjir.v8i2.71441

Abstract

This study examines China’s carbon emission mitigation policy by focusing on the limited adoption of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) as a primary decarbonization strategy. The study employs James S. Coleman’s Rational Choice Theory as the main theoretical framework and the concept of Energy Security to explain the Chinese government’s policy preferences in carbon mitigation. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach, relying on library research and descriptive qualitative analysis. The findings indicate that although China has implemented various mitigation policies, including the Emission Trading Scheme (ETS), large-scale renewable energy development, industrial energy efficiency, and transport electrification, CCUS has not become the country’s primary mitigation instrument. The limited adoption of CCUS is influenced by high investment costs, weak regulatory and financial incentives, technological and infrastructure constraints, and limited international pressure. From the perspective of Rational Choice Theory, these findings suggest that the Chinese government prioritizes policies that strengthen energy security, economic stability, and sustainable development. Consequently, CCUS is positioned as a complementary long-term technology rather than the main pillar of China’s decarbonization strategy.
The Collaboration between Save the Children and UNHCR in Addressing the Syrian Refugee Crisis in Lebanon through the Child Friendly Spaces Program Ramba To'tuan, Audrey Kireina; Kaunia, Ariesha; Sugiarto, Aisya Nauzali; Nuraeni, Nuraeni; Heryadi, Dudy
Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations Vol 8, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/padjir.v8i2.65022

Abstract

This article discusses the Syrian refugee crisis since 2011 which poses great challenges for children, especially in Lebanon. The purpose of this article is to examine the collaboration between Save the Children and UNHCR in protecting refugee children through the Child Friendly Spaces program, emergency education, and psychosocial support. With a descriptive qualitative approach based on a literature review, the Child Friendly Spaces program plays an important role as a starting point for protection and trauma recovery. This collaboration responds to needs in a holistic and human rights-based manner, and supports the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Artikel ini membahas krisis pengungsi Suriah sejak tahun 2011 yang menimbulkan tantangan besar bagi anak-anak, khususnya di Lebanon. Tujuan dari artikel ini untuk mengkaji kolaborasi antara Save the Children dan UNHCR dalam melindungi anak pengungsi melalui program Child Friendly Spaces, pendidikan darurat, dan dukungan psikososial. Dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif berbasis studi literatur bahwa program Child Friendly Spaces berperan penting sebagai titik awal perlindungan dan pemulihan trauma. Kolaborasi ini merespon kebutuhan secara holistik dan berbasis hak asasi manusia, serta mendukung pencapaian Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Indonesia–Germany Cooperation under the G to G Triple Win Framework for the Deployment of Indonesian Nurses Putri, Sasikirana Hermanu; Nuraeni, Nuraeni
Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations Vol 8, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/padjir.v8i2.66519

Abstract

This research focuses on G to G Triple Win cooperation between Indonesia and Germany. Germany is currently facing a shortage of nursing staff, while Indonesia is facing a surplus of nurses alongside limited domestic employment opportunities. Through this scheme, Indonesia sends nursing workers to Germany, with all three parties involved gaining mutual benefits. This research aims to explain the G to G triple win cooperation scheme between Germany and Indonesia and to examine its contribution to repositioning Indonesia in the international labor market as well as its role as a solution to Indonesia's unemployment crisis. This research employs a qualitative method with literature review drawing from official government documents, international organization reports, academic literature, and mass media publications. The findings indicate a more detailed cooperation dynamic between Indonesia and Germany, particularly as Indonesia manages its demographic bonus period amid persistently high unemployment rates. In implementing this cooperation, further examination of human resource quality is needed to ensure global competitiveness. The government plays a crucial role in improving educational quality and ensuring its equitable distribution. This scheme benefits all three parties and is expected to expand to other sectors so that the population challenges faced by both Indonesia and Germany can be effectively managed.Penelitian ini berfokus pada kerja sama G to G Triple Win antara Indonesia dan Jerman. Jerman saat ini menghadapi kekurangan tenaga perawat, sementara Indonesia menghadapi surplus tenaga perawat yang disertai dengan terbatasnya kesempatan kerja di dalam negeri. Melalui skema ini, Indonesia mengirimkan tenaga perawat untuk bekerja di Jerman, dengan ketiga pihak yang terlibat memperoleh manfaat secara timbal balik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan skema kerja sama G to G Triple Win antara Jerman dan Indonesia serta menganalisis kontribusinya dalam memposisikan kembali Indonesia di pasar tenaga kerja internasional dan perannya sebagai salah satu solusi terhadap permasalahan pengangguran di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur yang bersumber dari dokumen resmi pemerintah, laporan organisasi internasional, literatur akademik, serta publikasi media massa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya dinamika kerja sama yang lebih mendalam antara Indonesia dan Jerman, khususnya dalam konteks Indonesia mengelola periode bonus demografi di tengah tingkat pengangguran yang masih relatif tinggi. Dalam pelaksanaan kerja sama ini, diperlukan kajian lebih lanjut mengenai kualitas sumber daya manusia guna memastikan daya saing tenaga kerja Indonesia di tingkat global. Pemerintah memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan sekaligus memastikan pemerataan akses dan kualitas pendidikan. Skema ini memberikan manfaat bagi ketiga pihak yang terlibat dan diharapkan dapat diperluas ke sektor-sektor lainnya, sehingga berbagai tantangan kependudukan yang dihadapi oleh Indonesia dan Jerman dapat dikelola secara lebih efektif.
Digital Domestication: Gender Bias in Voice-Based AI Assistants in Global Technology Governance — A Case Study of Indonesia Hastari, Aulia Eka; Satya Dewi, Elisabeth Adyiningtyas
Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations Vol 8, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/padjir.v8i2.70104

Abstract

Voice-based artificial intelligence (AI) is often presented as neutral infrastructure, yet its voices, names, and interaction scripts carry gendered expectations. This article examines how feminized voice AI is governed and reproduced in Indonesia. It uses a qualitative single-case study and document and discourse analysis of an 11-document corpus (2021-2025) comprising academic studies, UNESCO and Indonesian governance texts, a corporate statement, and public reporting on Project Nirmala. Guided by technofeminism, the analysis traces design, discourse, governance, and reproduction. It finds, first, that corporate reforms such as removing a female default address interface choice without necessarily changing feminized service scripts. Second, Indonesia's 2023 AI Ethics Circular recognizes inclusion, humanity, transparency, and accountability but provides no operational criteria for gendered persona or interaction design. Project Nirmala illustrates how a young female AI persona is reproduced in local innovation. The article contributes to digital International Relations (Digital IR) by showing that AI interfaces are sites where transnational corporate norms, international ethical standards, and domestic soft law interact to normalize or contest gendered power.

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