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QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies
Published by Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape
ISSN : 27220869     EISSN : 27220753     DOI : 10.46362
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education,
Religion Humanities Education
QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies is a place for publication of results of research on Christian theology and Christian Religious Education with the number ISSN: 2722-0753 (online), ISSN: 2722-0869 (print), published by the Indonesian Christian Theological Association. the scope of the research study are: Biblical, Systematic Theology, Christian Ethics, Pastoral, Christian Education, Church History, Christian Mission, and Theology Religionum.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Studi Agama
Articles 69 Documents
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RELIGIOUS FREEDOM IN MARK 9:38-40 AND ITS MISSIOLOGICAL IMPLICATION TO INDONESIAN CONTEXT Simangunsong, Amran
QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies Vol 6 No 2 (2024): Vol 6 No 2 (2024): QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/quaerens.v6i2.244

Abstract

Religious freedom is constitutionally guaranteed in Indonesia under Pancasila, yet in practice, violations such as restrictions on places of worship and conflicts involving religious minorities persist. This paradox between legal recognition and practical implementation raises urgent theological and missiological questions. To address this issue, this study interprets Mark 9:38–40, where Jesus’ inclusive teaching challenges exclusivist attitudes and affirms cooperation beyond one’s own community. Using literature study, document analysis, and biblical interpretation, the article explores how this passage provides a theological foundation for an inclusive understanding of mission in Indonesia’s pluralistic context. The findings reveal that Christian mission should transcend institutional boundaries and engage constructively with society through dialogue, respect, and collaboration across faith traditions. Theologically, Mark 9:38–40 affirms that God’s mission operates beyond the visible church, calling Christians to uphold religious freedom as both a constitutional right and a divine mandate. The main contribution of this study lies in integrating Indonesia’s constitutional realities with biblical insights, offering a contextual theological framework that enriches the discourse on religious freedom and strengthens the practice of Christian mission in pluralistic societies.
Revisiting Online Worship: John Calvin's Theology in the Digital Age Putrawan, Bobby Kurnia; Tandana, Ester Agustini
QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Vol.7 No.1 (2024): QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/quaerens.v7i1.301

Abstract

This study aims to explore the relationship between the doctrine of the Trinity and three key aspects of Christian life: contemplation, community, and compassion. The Trinitarian doctrine, which describes the relationship between the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit in one divine essence, forms the foundation for understanding a relational and transformative spiritual life. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how the concept of the Trinity is applied in the everyday life of Christians, particularly in practices such as contemplation that draws one closer to God, building church communities that reflect unity and diversity, and engaging in bold acts of compassion toward others. The methodology involves a theological literature review with a focus on systematic theology and pastoral application, as well as practical analysis of how Trinitarian teachings are implemented within the church and broader society. The results show that contemplation, community, and compassion are not only theological concepts but are actively practiced in ways that connect Christians to the Trinitarian life. By living out the teachings of the Trinity, Christians are invited into relational support, reflecting God's love, and transforming the world through courageous and sacrificial acts of love. This study contributes by providing a theological framework that connects the doctrine of the Trinity with Christian practices of contemplation, community, and compassion, offering both spiritual insights and practical applications for living out Trinitarian love in everyday life.
Reading the Bible as Women - The Impact of Male Authorship, Male Dominance and Female Absence in the Text Eastwood, Michelle
QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Vol.7 No.1 (2024): QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/quaerens.v7i1.266

Abstract

This research project explores the complex interplay between Aboriginal spirituality, Christian theology, and feminist biblical hermeneutics. It examines how cultural biases, particularly concerning gender, shape interpretations of biblical texts and impact contemporary social issues. The project analyzes the portrayal of women in the Bible, challenging traditional interpretations that perpetuate gender inequality. By integrating insights from Aboriginal spiritual traditions and feminist perspectives, this study seeks to develop more inclusive and contextually relevant readings of Scripture. It investigates the potential for intercultural dialogue between Aboriginal spirituality and Christian theology, offering new avenues for understanding biblical texts and promoting social justice. The project critiques the influence of gender ideology on biblical translations and the lectionary, advocating for more equitable representation of women in religious discourse. Finally, it connects biblical interpretation to contemporary social issues, demonstrating how gendered understandings impact lived experiences and perpetuate systemic inequalities. This research contributes to a more nuanced and liberative understanding of biblical texts, promoting greater inclusivity, and social justice.
READER-RESPONSE CRITICISM: THE ROLE OF THE AUTHOR, TEXT AND READER IN INTERPRETATION Willis, Fitzroy
QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Vol.7 No.1 (2024): QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/quaerens.v7i1.271

Abstract

Reader-Response Criticism (RRC) examines how meaning is derived from texts, emphasizing the roles of the author, text, and reader in interpretation. Traditionally, RRC scholarship has focused on the interaction between text and reader, with minimal attention to the author’s role. This paper broadens the scope to include the author alongside the text and reader, offering a more comprehensive analysis of RRC in biblical interpretation. Using historical and contemporary RRC perspectives, this study categorizes interpretive approaches into conservative, moderate, and liberal, each with varying emphases on the author, text, and reader. The article analyzes key theories in conservative RRC, which prioritize the author’s intent, moderate RRC, which balances reader and text, and liberal RRC, which centers the reader’s interpretation. Findings reveal significant implications for understanding scriptural and literary texts, where the choice of RRC approach shapes interpretive outcomes and highlights potential conflicts between subjective and objective readings. This study contributes to the field by providing a structured framework for RRC, underscoring the complexity of meaning-making and advancing critical discourse on the interpretive process.
Impact of Charismatology and Pentecostalism on Third Millennial Christianity in Africa Clement Chinkambako Abenguni Majawa
QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Vol 7 No 2 (2025): QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/quaerens.v7i2.280

Abstract

The chapter presents a socio-ecclesial overview in which Pentecostal values and charismatic movements are becoming a predominant means of bringing socio-religious and material transformation in Africa in the light of Gospel values, inspiration of the Holy Spirit and guidance of the Church. Pentecostal experiences are significant forces in Africa and international community. However, the excessive growth of Pentecostalism in Africa portrays many misunderstandings, suspicion, tension, abuses and fear towards Catholic Charismatic movements and righteous use of the Gifts of the Holy Spirit in the society. This is creating unprecedented barrier to personal renewal, deeper evangelization and transformation of peoples. There are major areas in which the Church’s Teaching, spirituality and practice of Charismatic Pentecostalism need to be evaluated, inculturated and renewed respecting the African Traditional Heritage. Enriched by the Biblical and Church’s Intellectual Wisdom on Pneumatology and ‘Baptism in the Holy Spirit’ the Chapter explicates how any interpretation of these Pentecostal phenomena attempt to show the presence of the Spirit of God addressing the challenges of abuse of pneumatic gifts, vices of poverty, ignorance, disease, suffering, exploitation, injustice and underdevelopment. The Chapter makes a theological contribution on how Charismatic Pentecostalism in Africa has to be discerned, guided and manifested in the process of genuine deliverance, healing, liberating and transforming the weakening Christian faith and social contexts. The pneumatological wisdom and experiences are having tremendous transformative impact on the church and society in Africa. From this Christian Pentecostal analysis which appreciates the African traditional spirit-world, it is evident that Africa has profound spirituality to contribute to Charismatic Renewal Movement and to the international Pentecostal experience of renewing and transforming the world. Thus, the new Pentecostal manifestation in Africa must be taken seriously by the churches at all levels of evangelization and by governments at all levels of transforming society.
ARE WOMEN DOGS? : The Reality of Racism in Indonesia Reviewed from Matthew 15:21-28 Tanasyah, Yusak
QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Vol 7 No 2 (2025): QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/quaerens.v7i2.281

Abstract

This study explores the theme of discrimination based on ethnicity and religion as reflected in Matthew 15:21-28, particularly in the Indonesian context. The background to the problem lies in the persistent social issues surrounding discrimination in various forms, which can be seen as a reflection of deeper cultural and theological gaps. The purpose of this study is to analyze the text of Matthew 15: 21-28 in relation to contemporary discrimination issues and to obtain messages that can contribute to the promotion of inclusiveness and understanding in Indonesian society. This study uses the method of textual analysis of the scriptures along with socio-cultural examination of the current landscape in Indonesia. Through this approach, the study identifies key themes and insights in biblical narratives that resonate with the modern experience of marginalized groups. The results show that the section challenges prevailing attitudes towards discrimination and calls for a reevaluation of social norms. It highlights the importance of compassion and the recognition of shared humanity, offering a theological foundation for overcoming discrimination.
BRIDGING FAITH AND PRAXIS: Everyday Theology and the Cultural Mandate in Post-Suramadu Madura Ana Budi Kristiani; Njoo Tomas Wibowo; Vian Klasia Wenno; David Ming
QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Vol 7 No 2 (2025): QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/quaerens.v7i2.414

Abstract

This study examines the role of everyday theology in relation to the cultural mandate and its practical implementation in post-Suramadu Madura. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through questionnaires distributed to five churches. The findings indicate that while theological understanding of culture (100%), creation (80%), and economy (80%) is relatively strong, its practical implementation across key sectors remains limited, including agriculture (20%), livestock (0%), tourism (20%), education (20%), and healthcare (40%). These results reveal a significant gap between theological understanding and ecclesial praxis. This study argues that everyday theology can function as a praxis-oriented framework that enables churches to engage more contextually and holistically with socio-economic realities. It contributes to practical theology by demonstrating how everyday theology bridges the gap between theological reflection and lived practice in the post-Suramadu Madurese context.
PENGGEMBALAAN SEBAGAI MANIFESTASI ANUGERAH ALLAH: Studi Teologis–Eksegetis terhadap Yohanes 21:15–17 Tamba, Gerbin; Sinaga, Janes; Sinambela, Juita Lusiana
QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Vol 7 No 2 (2025): QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/quaerens.v7i2.137

Abstract

Shepherding constitutes a central dimension of church life; however, it is frequently reduced to administrative and functional roles in contemporary practice. This study critically examines shepherding as a manifestation of God’s grace through a theological–exegetical analysis of John 21:15–17. Employing a qualitative approach, this research integrates biblical exegesis with a lexical analysis of key Greek terms, particularly ἀγαπάω, φιλέω, and ποιμαίνω, to explore the theological foundation of pastoral ministry. The findings demonstrate that shepherding is not grounded in human competence or institutional authority but in a relationship of love initiated and sustained by divine grace. The pastoral mandate given to Peter reflects a grace-centered dynamic in which love becomes the essential basis for responsibility. Furthermore, shepherding is understood as a continuous and holistic vocation encompassing nurturing, guiding, protecting, and teaching the congregation. This study contributes to pastoral theology by offering an exegetically grounded and theologically integrated framework that interprets shepherding as a manifestation of God’s grace. It also provides a conceptual foundation for contemporary pastoral ministry to embody Christ-centered leadership rooted in relational love and divine initiative.
NEW CREATION AND LIFE TRANSFORMATION IN CHRIST: An Exegetical Study of en Christo in 2 Corinthians 5:17 Dwiraharjo, Susanto; Young, Lim Jae
QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Vol 7 No 2 (2025): QUAERENS: Journal of Theology and Christianity Studies
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/quaerens.v7i2.400

Abstract

The Christian life represents the integration of faith and practice; however, a persistent gap often exists between religious expression and daily conduct. This study addresses the need for a theological framework that guides believers toward a consistent expression of their identity in Christ. Focusing on 2 Corinthians 5:17, this research employs an exegetical method to examine the meaning of the expression en Christo (“in Christ”) and its theological implications. Through grammatical, lexical, and contextual analysis, the study reveals that being “in Christ” signifies a profound union that results in a radical transformation, described by Paul as becoming a “new creation” (kainē ktisis). This transformation entails not merely behavioral improvement but a comprehensive renewal of identity, character, and relational life. The findings affirm that the Christian life is fundamentally a life of ongoing renewal, in which the old self has passed away and a new life is actualized in Christ. This study contributes to practical theology by emphasizing the relevance of biblical exegesis for shaping a consistent faith identity and transformative daily living.

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