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Rumpun Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Jakarta
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur
Published by Universitas Negeri Jakarta
ISSN : 23392029     EISSN : 26225565     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21009/JKEM
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
This journal aims as a medium for lecturers, researchers and practitioners to discuss result of their research in the field of mechanical engineering.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 192 Documents
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Comparative Characterization of Indonesian AISI 316L Stainless Steel and Commercial Femoral Stem for Artificial Hip Joint Applications Mujib Wahyudi; Rifky Ismail
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.11.1.7

Abstract

The development of the femoral stem, part of the artificial hip joint, requires a material with microstructures, mechanical properties, and chemical composition that meet the requirements of a medical implant. This study aims to characterize and compare Indonesian AISI 316L stainless steel with two commercial femoral stem implants used by patients, namely XYZ products from the United States and ABC products from India. The tests carried out on the three products include tensile tests, macro hardness, microhardness, microstructure observations, and chemical composition analysis. The tensile test results show that XYZ products have the highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 1065.6 ± 11.7 MPa, while the Indonesian AISI 316L (IDN) and ABC products showed lower UTS values of 580.9 ± 0.3 and 536.3 ± 9.4 MPa, respectively. Microhardness tests showed that XYZ products achieved the highest hardness value of 306.0 ± 13.5 VHN with an increasing hardness gradient towards the surface. Meanwhile, the Indonesian AISI 316L materials showed a relatively homogeneous hardness distribution with an average value of approximately 197.5 ± 1.3 VHN. Observation of microstructures reveals differences in grain size and distribution, which correlate with microhardness values. Analysis of the elemental composition shows that all three materials exhibit characteristics of austenitic stainless steel with variations in the alloy element content. Overall, the results highlight the influence of microstructural features and alloy composition on mechanical performance. Although the Indonesian AISI 316L material evaluated in this study is not classified as implant-grade stainless steel, the findings provide a baseline reference for future material development. It emphasizes the need for strict compliance with implant-grade standards, manufacturing optimization, and surface treatment to enable potential application in femoral stem component.
Design of Coconut Milk Pressing Machine with Two Screw Shafts to Improve Extraction Efficiency and Quality Angga Setiawan; Rahmat Wijaya; Agus Subeno; Arif Budi Affandi; Toni Okviyanto; Fathan Mubina Dewadi
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.11.1.8

Abstract

Coconut milk pressing machines play an important role in coconut processing; however, conventional single-screw designs still face limitations related to pressure distribution and extraction stability. This study aims to design and analyze a coconut milk pressing machine, employing a counter-rotating two screw shafts configuration as an alternative to commonly used single-screw systems. The research methodology includes a reverse-engineering approach, analytical calculations to determine pressing capacity, power, torque, and pressure, and finite element analysis (FEA) simulations to evaluate the structural strength of main components. The analytical results indicate that the proposed design achieves a theoretical pressing capacity of 53 kg/h, with a shaft power requirement of 1.11 kW and a pressing pressure of 1.67 × 10⁵ N/m². FEA results show that the Von Mises stress and deformation remain below the allowable limits of the selected material, indicating a conservative, structurally safe design. All results presented in this study are theoretical and numerical in nature and have not yet been validated through experimental testing. The novelty of this work lies in the application of a counter-rotating two screw shafts configuration, which theoretically provides a more uniform pressure distribution than conventional single-screw systems without a significant increase in power consumption. Future work will focus on prototype fabrication and experimental testing to validate extraction performance, energy efficiency, and hygienic aspects.
Effectiveness of Epoxy Coating on Metal Surfaces of NEW773CAT Heavy Equipment Units Agus Subeno; Angga Setiawan; Toni Okviyanto; Herlin Sumarna; Dibyo Setiawan; Fauzi Widyawati
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.11.1.6

Abstract

This study investigates the effectiveness of the epoxy coating system on NEW773CAT heavy equipment unit operating in a mining environment. The research primarily focuses on the influence of surface preparation methods, dry film thickness (DFT), and coating type on corrosion resistance and adhesion strength. Field case studies, thickness measurements, and visual inspections were employed to assess the performance of coating system. The results reveal that average coating thickness of 396 μm significantly exceeds the minimum ISO 12944 category C5-I standard, which specifies a DFT of 320-400 μm for high corrosivity environments. The surface preparation process using high-pressure cleaning and power tool cleaning (ST 3.0) was found to produce an ideal substrate for epoxy coating application. The use of high-built epoxy mastic as the primer and Aliphatic Polyurethane as the top coat demonstrated excellent corrosion protection and optimal interlayer adhesion. The spray application technique resulted in a uniform coating with no visible defects. This study emphasizes the importance of combining effective surface preparation and precise coating specifications to ensure long-term protection of metal surfaces in harsh environments. The findings suggest that epoxy coating systems, when correctly applied and prepared, can provide robust protection against corrosion, extending the service life of heavy equipment exposed to aggressive conditions like those found in mining operations.
Assessment of Conveyor Machine Maintenance Performance in the Filling Area Using MTTR, MTBF, and Availability Analysis Lucky Arvel; Alsen Medikano; Budi Hermana
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.11.2.9

Abstract

Efficient machinery maintenance is paramount to ensuring continuous production flows and minimizing unexpected asset disruptions in automated manufacturing environments. This study evaluates the operational reliability and maintenance performance of a critical belt-type conveyor machine within the Lithos filling line at PT. Pertamina Lubricants. Utilizing historical breakdown data extracted from the facility's Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS), empirical time-centric metrics were calculated across a representative 18-day continuous production period. Within this temporal window, a total of 60 unscheduled mechanical and electrical failure sequences were documented and analysed. Quantitative processing reveals that the conveyor system exhibited an empirical Mean Time to Repair (MTTR) of 26.28 minutes and a Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) of 225.72 minutes. These structural parameters yield a cumulative operational availability rate of 89.57%. Although the availability index indicates a reasonable baseline of functional readiness, the high breakdown frequency highlights critical system vulnerabilities that cause downstream bottlenecks and degrade overall plant efficiency. To optimize asset lifecycle performance and mitigate micro-stoppages, implementing a structured Cleaning, Lubrication, and Inspection (CLI) schedule within an autonomous maintenance framework is highly recommended. Empowering shop-floor operators to execute initial inspections will systematically enhance conveyor availability and production throughput.
Effect of Electrolyte pH Level on the Surface Uniformity of Zinc Electroplating Coatings on AISI 1020 and 1070 Steels Bimo Tauhid Ibrahim Ibrahim; Sulis Yulianto; Windarta; Nurul Hidayati Fithriyah; Budiyanto
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.11.2.1

Abstract

Metal is one of the most frequently found materials in daily life and carbon steel is the most repeatedly used one. Carbon steel is a material that has the main elements in the form of iron and carbon, as well as supporting elements in the form of silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and manganese. This study will compare the performance of zinc coating on high carbon steel (AISI 1070) and low carbon steel (AISI 1020), which research variables are electrolyte pH and coating quality testing with the corrosion rate method. It concluded that the reduction in the mass of the control specimen (which was not coated with Zn) was 2.83 g for AISI 1070 and for AISI 1020 was 2.69 g. The pH level in the electrolyte did not have a significant effect on the coating process, as evidenced by the Gr1P1S1 specimen (20 minutes, 40°C, pH 4) having an average thickness of 42.8 µm and Gr2P2S1 (20 minutes, 40°C, pH 3) having an average thickness of 43 µm. The electrolyte temperature and process time had a significant effect on the process. The lower the carbon content in carbon steel as a workpiece, the more difficult it would be to accept atoms from the anode/coating metal, as evidenced by the average increase in the mass of high carbon specimens of 0.70556 g compared to low carbon of 0.85333 g. In the test results using the average corrosion rate method, AISI 1070 showed a greater reduction in mass with an average figure of -0.1933 g compared to AISI 1020 at -0.098 g.
Designing a Self-Propelled Floating Cafe as a Sunset Tourist Attraction on the Kenjeran Coast of Surabaya Izzul Fikry; M. Rizal Fahmi; Hayy Nur Abdillah; Nanda Dwi Wuryaningrum; Riko Satrya Fajar Jaelani Putra
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.11.2.3

Abstract

The Suramadu View Point in North Kenjeran, Surabaya, has considerable coastal tourism potential; however, existing facilities remain limited. This study proposes a self-propelled floating café as an alternative to enhance tourism activities. The methodology includes site surveys, hull design, resistance analysis, power prediction, general arrangement, and stability analysis. Considering shallow water constraints and operational simplicity, a monohull configuration was selected due to its ease of construction. The vessel has principal dimensions of 21.50 m length overall, 6.00 m breadth, 3.50 m depth, and 2.00 m draft, operating at 6 knots. The calculated total resistance is 43.70 kN, corresponding to a required propulsion power of 242 kW. A 277 kW engine is selected to ensure sufficient safety margin. The vessel is designed to support 48 hours of operation for 55 occupants with adequate tank capacities. Stability analysis under four loading conditions confirms compliance with IMO A.749 criteria. The results indicate that the proposed design is technically feasible, safe, and suitable for shallow coastal applications, offering a practical solution to support maritime tourism development.
Tracking Carbon in Executive Trains: A Study of Non-Traction Electricity and CO₂ Emissions in the Bima Train, Indonesia Yudi Utomo Putra; Dwinugroho Putro Utomo
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.11.2.2

Abstract

Non-traction electricity consumption in train operations includes auxiliary loads such as lighting, air conditioning (AC), power outlets, and other electronic devices are essential for passenger comfort and safety. Although smaller than traction energy, the carbon emissions from non-traction electricity consumption remain significant, particularly when electricity is supplied by fossil-fueled diesel generators. This study quantifies the total annual CO₂ emissions generated from non-traction electricity used in executive-class train cars applying a quantitative approach based on measured energy consumption and emission factors. Data analyzed include electrical energy consumption (kWh), daily operating duration and frequency, and the annual operating period of a single train set as the unit of analysis. Emission calculations were performed using an emission factor of 0.64–0.74 kg CO₂/kWh for diesel generator-based systems, incorporating operational assumptions such as constant AC usage and auxiliary load patterns. Sensitivity analyses to evaluate the effect of variations in operating patterns. Results indicate that total annual CO₂ emissions range from 511 to 591 Tons per train, with AC identified as the dominant contributor to non-traction energy use. Scenario simulations suggest that integrating renewable energy sources, particularly solar panels, combined with targeted energy efficiency improvements, can reduce non-traction emissions by approximately 25–40% compared to current operational conditions. Thus, effective management of non-traction energy is a critical component of railway decarbonization, and implementing renewable energy solutions alongside efficiency-based strategies offers a substantial opportunity to reduce operational emissions, supporting sustainable railway operations and contributing to Indonesia’s net zero emissions target by 2060.
An Experimental Study on the Effect of Reflective Surface Variations on the Power Performance and Efficiency of Bifacial Solar Panel Lastri Andini Gunawan; Jakariya; Ahmad Deni Mulyadi; Doane Puri Mustika; Dibyo Setiawan; Agus Subeno
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.11.2.4

Abstract

The increasing demand for clean electrical energy in Indonesia highlights the need to optimize solar power generation technologies. Bifacial photovoltaic (PV) panels offer higher energy yield by utilizing solar radiation from both front and rear sides; however, their performance is strongly influenced by reflective properties of the surface beneath the panel. This study aims to analyze the effect of reflective surface variations with different albedo values on the power output and efficiency of bifacial solar panels under tropical rainy season conditions. An experimental method was employed using three identical bifacial PV modules (545 Wp) installed above asphalt, paving block, and white-painted surfaces. The modules were installed with a tilt angle of 8°, an azimuth angle of 0° (facing north), and a height of 60 cm above the surface. Measurements of solar irradiance, voltage, and current were conducted at irradiance levels ranging from 203 to 1001 W/m². Data were collected three days with same conditions and parameter in November 2024 during the period time from 09:00 to 15:00. The results show that to enhance rear-side irradiance, as indicated by the increase in output power observed in this study, leading to increased output power and efficiency. The white-painted surface produced the highest performance, achieving an average power increase of approximately 9.6% and a maximum efficiency of 16.3% compared to asphalt and paving block surfaces. These findings indicate that high-albedo surfaces are an effective solution for improving bifacial solar panel performance, particularly in wet tropical climates such as Bandung, Indonesia.
Waste Identification and Root Cause Analysis in the Roasted Onion Seasoning Production Process at PT. AFI Adila Amanda; Dino Rimantho
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.11.2.5

Abstract

PT. AFI is a manufacturing enterprise that manufactures a variety of seasonings, including roasted onions. The organization must consistently manufacture high-quality items by optimizing production outcomes and enhancing productivity. Nevertheless, waste impedes the company's efficiency in executing its production processes. Waste potential can arise in any company activities, as evidenced by PT. AFI's experience. This study seeks to detect and analyze waste generated during the production process of roasted onion flavoring. The waste manifests as poor products, transportation inefficiencies, unnecessary movement, and idle time. This article employs seven tools and a fishbone diagram as its methodology. The identification results indicate that the waste from defective items in production totals 7.25 kg. Furthermore, a transportation activity method necessitates a total duration of 30.52 minutes. Furthermore, excessive mobility during the production process is documented at 19.14 minutes. The identification results indicate multiple elements contributing to waste, including personnel, machinery, processes, materials, and environmental conditions.
Protective Coating Performance on Industrial Components During Shutdown Maintenance Toni Okviyanto; Agus Subeno; Dibyo Setiawan; Fauzi Widiawati; Edward Simanjuntak; Otong Jaelani
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.11.2.6

Abstract

Corrosion protection is a critical aspect of industrial maintenance because coating quality directly influences equipment durability, operational reliability, and long-term maintenance efficiency. However, coating assessments in industrial practice often focus on compliance with thickness specifications without comprehensively evaluating the relationship between surface preparation quality, environmental conditions, coating thickness, and final coating performance under actual shutdown maintenance conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the coating process during total plant shutdown (TPS) painting work on four industrial components: the sole plate sag mill, cover motor ball mill, base frame motor bubble crusher, and OHC girder. A field-based coating performance assessment was conducted using final painting reports, visual inspection records, environmental condition monitoring, surface preparation evaluation, and dry film thickness (DFT) measurements. Surface preparation was carried out using ST 3/SSPC-SP 3 mechanical cleaning, while coating performance was evaluated against the specified DFT requirements. The results showed that all inspected components satisfied the acceptance criteria, with primer DFT values exceeding 150 µm and final DFT values exceeding the minimum system requirement of 225 µm. Final coating thickness increased by 263–347 µm compared to the existing condition, indicating the formation of a protective coating layer. Nevertheless, noticeable thickness variations among measurement locations suggest opportunities for improving application consistency and process control. These findings demonstrate that the applied coating system met the specified performance requirements and provided effective corrosion protection under field conditions, while further optimization of coating application practices is required to achieve more uniform and efficient coating performance.

Page 19 of 20 | Total Record : 192

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