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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (JLITTRI) aims to publish primary research articles of current research topics, not simultaneously submitted to nor previously published in other scientific or technical ojournals. General review articles will not be accepted. The journal maintains strict standards of content, presentation,and reviewing. SCOPE The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of agricultural science in Indonesia including: Estate crops; Soil science; Climate science; Agronomy; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genetic resources; Plant pathology; Plant physiology; Entomology; Farming system; Postharvest technology; Socio-economic agriculture; Environment; Agricultural extension. The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles. Since the year of 2017, the jurnal is published twice a year in (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 504 Documents
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PENGARUH PEMANGKASAN TANAMAN LADA DAN TAJARNYA TERHADAP HASIL USMAN DARAS; PASRIL WAHID
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 6, No 3 (2000): Desember, 2000
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v6n3.2000.55-60

Abstract

The effect of living post and pepper vines primings on the pepper yieldTo obtain good yield of pepper, farmers fequently apply various treatments to their crops, including pruning of the pepper vines and or their living post. Studies on the aspects of the pruning ae however very limited. Therefore a ield experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of pruning of pepper vines and their living post on the pepper yield. The experiment was carried out at Sukamulya Research Station, Sukabumi. A split plot design with three rcplicaties was used. The main plot was the pruning of living post, and the sub plot was the pruning of pepper vines Plot size was 20 plants per plol wilh spacing of 2.5 m x 2.5 m Results showed that there was signiicant interaction between the pruning of living post and pepper vines. The pruning of living post may be carried out either 3 times (October, January and April) or twice (October and January) a year. However. If the pruning of the living post is carried out 3 times per year, Ihe vine would be pruned once a year or not at all. On the other hand, if the pruning of living post is carried out twice a year, the pepper vines would be pruned 6 times a year.
PENGARUH MEDIA TANAM DAN FREKUENSI PEMBERIAN AIR TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK, KIMIA DAN BIOLOGI TANAH SERTA PERTUMBUHAN JARAK PAGAR DJAJADI DJAJADI; BAMBANG HELIYANTO; NURUL HIDAYAH
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 16, No 2 (2010): Juni 2010
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v16n2.2010.64-69

Abstract

ABSTRAKLahan pertanian yang didominasi oleh partikel pasir di daerah lahankering iklim kering mempunyai kapasitas yang rendah dalam menyimpanair dan unsur hara, serta rentan terhadap erosi. Penambahan tanah liat,zeolit, dan bahan organik diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kadar unsur haratanah, kadar air tanah, dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian yangdilakukan dari bulan Mei sampai Desember 2008 ini bertujuan untukmengetahui pengaruh penambahan tanah liat, zeolit dan interaksinyadengan bahan organik terhadap stabilitas makroagregat, kadar unsur haraC, N, P, dan K, daya pegang air tanah berpasir, populasi mikroorganismetanah serta pertumbuhan jarak pagar. Media tanam yang diuji sebanyak 5jenis, yaitu (1) 100% tanah pasir, (2) 95% tanah pasir + 5% tanah liat, (3)95% tanah pasir + 5% zeolit, (4) 94,2% tanah pasir + 5% tanah liat + 0,8%bahan organik, dan (5) 94,2% tanah pasir + 5% zeolit + 0,8% bahanorganik. Untuk mengetahui kemampuan daya pegang air tanah, makaperlakuan jenis media tersebut dikombinasikan dengan perlakuanfrekuensi pemberian air, yaitu dengan interval 7 dan 21 hari sekali.Perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok faktorial denganempat kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan 5%tanah liat + 0,8% bahan organik pada tanah berpasir dapat meningkatkanproporsi makroagregat, kadar unsur hara C, N, P, dan K, serta kapasitasdaya pegang air tanah. Penambahan sebanyak 5% zeolit pada tanah pasirmeningkatkan populasi bakteri. Peningkatan populasi jamur lebih dipacudengan frekuensi pemberian air 7 hari sekali. Pertumbuhan tinggi tanamanjarak pagar juga lebih dipercepat oleh pemberian air dengan frekuensi 7hari sekali.Kata kunci: Jatropha curcas, pasir, liat, zeolit, bahan organik, kesuburantanah, pengairanABSTRACTThe role of clay, zeolit, and organic matter in increasingsoil fertility of sandy soil as growth media for JatrophacurcasAgricultural sandy soils have low capability to retain water andnutrients. Addition of clay, zeolit and organic matter to these soils wasexpected to increase macro-aggregate stability, soil nutrients and waterholding capacity. The research had been conducted from May up toDecember 2008 to find out the effect of addition of clay, zeolit, and theirinteractions with organic matter in increasing sandy soil fertility as growthmedia for Jatropha curcas. The study had an objective to quantify theeffect of plant media and frequency of watering on soil macro-aggregatestability, soil nutrients, water holding capacity, soil microorganismspopulation, and growth of J. curcas. Plant growth media tested in thisstudy consisted of 5 types, i.e. (1) 100% sand soil, (2) 95% sand soil + 5%clay soil, (3) 95% sand soil + 5% zeolit, (4) 94.2% sand soil + 5% clay +0.8% organic matter, and (5) 94.2% sand soil + 5% zeolit + 0.8% organicmatter. Watering of plant was divided into two time intervals, i.e. each of 7days and each of 21 days. Results showed that plant media which was amixture of 94.2% sand soil + 5% clay + 0.8% organic matter increasedproportion of maco-aggregate, plant nutrients (C, N, P, K) and soil waterholding capacity. Plant media consisted of mixture of 95% sand soil + 5%zeolit was suitable for development of bacteria population. Acceleratingof growth of J curcas was induced by watering with interval of 7 days.Key words: Jatropha curcas, sand, clay, zeolit, organic matter, watering,soil fertility
Increasing Lemongrass Herb Yield and Quality Through Nitrogen Addition SYAKIR SYAKIR; GUSMAINI GUSMAINI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 21, No 4 (2015): Desember 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v21n4.2015.167-174

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe role of nitrogen in the process of photosynthesis is very important. It affects the growth, development and yield, especially leaves. Lemon grass produces citronella oil that contained in the leaves. One of the efforts to increase leaves yield is by application of N fertilizer. The aims of this research were to obtain optimal N dosage to improve herbage yield and quality of lemon grass. The research was conducted in Manoko Research Station, Lembang West Java from April - December2014. Using randomized block design, with 4 replicates and 6 treatments. The treatments consisted of 0; 2,3; 4,6; 6,9; 9,2 and 11,5 g N/plant. Lemon grass used from G3 accession. Parameters observed included plant growth (height and number of tillers), yield (fresh and dry herbs weight, and oil yield), and quality (yield, oil and citronella content). The results showed that N application significantly increased the growth, yield, and quality of lemon grass. Application of 4,6 g N/plant of N was optimum dosage for plant height and tiller number, total yield of herbage fresh weight (2904.46 g/plant) and leaves dry weight (1574.83 g/plant), yield (1.55%), oil content (2.06%), citronella content (41.59%). The best yield of citronella was obtained from aplplication of 6,9 g N/plant.Keywords: Cymbopogon nardus L., nitrogen, yield, citronella content PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI HERBA DAN MUTU SERAI WANGI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN NITROGENABSTRAKPeranan nitrogen dalam proses fotosintesis sangat penting antara lain berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan, perkembangan dan produksi daun tanaman. Tanaman serai wangi merupakan tanaman yang menghasilkan minyak sitronela yang terdapat di dalam daun. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi daun adalah dengan penambahan nitrogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh dosis N optimal dalam meningkatkan produksi herba dan mutu sitronela pada serai wangi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapang yang dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Manoko, Lembang Jawa Barat dari bulan April – Desember 2014. Rancangan yang digunakan rancangan acak kelompok, dengan 4 ulangan dan 6 perlakuan. Perlakuan pupuk N dengan dosis 0; 2,3; 4,6; 6,9; 9,2 dan 11,5 g/tan. Tanaman serai wangi yang digunakan dari aksesi G3. Pengamatan meliputi pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi dan jumlah anakan), produksi (bobot segar dan kering herba), dan mutu (rendemen, kadar sitronela, dan hasil minyak). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian N berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan, produksi, dan mutu serai wangi. Nitrogen dengan dosis 4,6 g/tanaman merupakan dosis optimum untuk menghasilkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan, total produksi herba segar (2.904,46 g/tan) dan kering (1.574,83 g/tan), rendemen (1,55%), kadar minyak (2,06%), dan kadar sitronela (41,59%) terbaik. Produksi minyak serai wangi terbaik pada pemberian N sebesar 6,9 g/tanaman.Kata kunci: Cymbopogon nardus L., nitrogen, produksi, kadar sitronela.
PENGARUH PUPUK MAJEMUK TERHADAP HASIL DAN MUTU TEMBAKAU VIRGINIA DI BONDOWOSO, JAWA TIMUR DJAJADI DJAJADI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 14, No 3 (2008): September 2008
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v14n3.2008.95-100

Abstract

ABSTRAKUntuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk majemuk terhadap hasil danmutu tembakau virginia yang ditanam di tanah ringan, telah dilakukanpenelitian di Desa Pengarang, Kecamatan Pujer, Kabupaten Bondowosomulai bulan April sampai Nopember 2001. Penelitian ini menggunakanrancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga kali ulangan untuk menyusunperlakuan. Perlakuan yang dicoba adalah pupuk majemuk (PM) dengandosis 5, 6, 7, 8 dan 9 butir pertanaman dibandingkan dengan PM (dosismasing-masing) dicampur dengan biokonsentrat. Sebagai perlakuanpembanding adalah paket pupuk rekomendasi, yaitu 200 ZA + 200 PN +100 SP36 + 100 ZK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian PMsebanyak 6 butir per tanaman (setara dengan 185 kg/ha atau 40 kg N/ha)menghasilkan daun basah tembakau sebanyak 11,34 ton/ha. Hasil daunbasah tersebut tidak berbeda dengan hasil daun basah tertinggi (12,42ton/ha) yang dihasilkan tanaman tembakau dengan paket dosisrekomendasi. Dosis pupuk majemuk juga memberikan nilai indeks mututertinggi (55,90) tidak berbeda pengaruhnya dengan pupuk rekomendasi.Pemberian pupuk rekomendasi menghasilkan tanaman tembakau yangberkadar N dan P jaringan tanaman tertinggi pada pengamatan umurtanaman 75 hari setelah tanam dan pada saat akhir panen.Kata kunci: Tembakau virginia, tanah ringan, pupuk, KabupatenBondowoso, Jawa TimurABSTRACTEffect of compound fertilizer on yield and quality ofvirginia tobacco in light soil, Bondowoso, East JavaStudy to determine the effect of compound fertilizer on yield andquality of virginia tobacco was conducted in Pengarang, Pujer, Bondo-woso District, from April to November 2001. Factorial in randomizedblock design with three replicates was arranged to set the treatmentconsisting of two factors. The first factor of treatment consists of twovariables, i.e. compound fertilizer (PK) and PK +bio-concentrate. Thesecond factor was the rates of PK, i.e 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 tablets per plant orequivalent to 185, 221, 258, 294 and 331 kg/ha. All the treatments werecompared to recommended fertilizer to farmers (200 ZA + 200 PN + 100SP36 + 100 ZK kg/ha). The results showed that 185 kg/ha PK gave thefresh tobacco yield of 11.34 tones/ha which was not significantly differentwith the highest fresh tobacco leave (12.42 tones/ha) produced byrecommended fertilizer. Grade index value of tobacco produce by PK andrecommended fertilizer was not significantly different. However, virginiatobacco with recommended fertilizer had the highest content of N and P inplant tissues which were observed at 75 days after planting and until theend of harvesting.Key words: Virginia tobacco, light soil, fertilizer, Bondowoso District,East Java
PENGARUH ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN SERTA KANDUNGAN SINENSETIN DALAM KALUS PADA TANAMAN KUMIS KUCING (Orlhosiphon arislatus ) SITTI FATIMAH SYAHID; HERNANI HERNANI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 7, No 4 (2001): Desember, 2001
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v7n4.2001.99-103

Abstract

Effect of growth regulator on the formation, development and sinenselin content of the callus on Orthosiphon aristatusEffect of growth regulators on the formation, development and sinenselin Content of the callus on kidney plant ( Orthosiphon arislatus ) was studied al the laboratory of the Research Insitute for Spices and Medicinal Crops ( RISMC ) Bogor from March lo October 2000. Material ( explains ) lor Ihe study was the sterile leaves available in the culture. Basic medium used was Murasige and Skoog ( MS ). The study was conducted in two step. In (he irst step Ihe explains were cultured un MS medium applied with 2 4-1) at the concentration of 0.1; 0.3; 0.5 and 0.7 mg/1. In the second step, the cxplants were cultured on MS medium containing 0 I mg/1 2 4-D (best concentration in Ihe lirsl study) enriched with BA at the concentration of 0.5; 1.0, and 1.5 mg/1. The experiment was designed as a completely randomized in three replicates Eaeh replicate contained live bottles. Parameters used for evaluating Ihe effect of treatment were ihe lime of initiations, growth rate, structure and colour of the calli and sinenselin content which was analyzed with IIPI.C. Results showed thai from the irst experiment, 2.4-1) of 0.1 mg/1 produced Ihe highest rate of calli formation(0.49 g/5 weeks), from Ihe second ex¬periment, il was revealed that Ihe best treatment was 0.5 mg/1 BA Combined with 0.1 mg/1 2 4-1) produced 6.59 g calli/5 weeks, but was not signiicantly different front the calli cultured on the medium containing 1.0 nig/l BA combine with 0.1 mg/1 2.4- D. Result of sinenselin analysis showed thai MS medium containing BA 1 .0 mg/+ 0.1 mg/1 2.4- I) produced (I 24% sinenselin. higher than those of other treatment.
PENGARUH KOMPOSISI MEDIA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR Nomuraea rileyi (FARLOW) SAMSON DAN PATOGENISITASNYA PADA Helicoverpa armigera HUBNER DAN Spodoptera litura F. NURUL HIDAYAH; I.G.A.A. INDRAYANI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 17, No 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v17n3.2011.102-108

Abstract

ABSTRAKNomuraea rileyi adalah salah satu jamur entomopatogen yangpotensial mengendalikan hama Helicoverpa armigera dan Spodopteralitura pada tanaman kapas, tembakau, dan jarak kepyar. Di lapanganpernah ditemukan larva hama H. armigera dan S. litura yang terinfeksisecara alami oleh N. rileyi yang mengindikasikan bahwa N. rileyiberpotensi sebagai agens hayati. Sebelum N. rileyi dikembangkan sebagaiagens hayati, maka perlu diketahui metode perbanyakannya pada mediabuatan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi media tumbuhyang sesuai untuk perbanyakan N. rileyi dan pengujian patogenisitasnyaterhadap H. armigera dan S. litura. Penelitian dilakukan di LaboratoriumFitopatologi dan Laboratorium Patogen Serangga Balai PenelitianTanaman Tembakau dan Serat Malang mulai bulan Mei sampai denganNovember 2009. Penelitian ini terdiri atas 2 pengujian, yaitu pengujiankarakter biologi N. rileyi dan patogenisitas pada ulat H. armigera dan S.litura. Dalam pengujian karakter biologi jamur diuji 4 macam mediaperbanyakan, yaitu: (1) Sabouraud maltose agar + ekstrak yeast (SMAY),(2) Sabouraud maltose agar + ekstrak yeast + ekstrak beras (SMAYB), (3)Sabouraud maltose agar + ekstrak yeast + ekstrak kentang (SMAYK), dan(4) Media lengkap untuk N. rileyi (MLNr), serta 2 tingkat suhu inkubasi,yaitu 23±1 dan 27±1ºC. Perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap(RAL) dengan lima kali ulangan. Setiap media disiapkan di dalam 10cawan petri per perlakuan dan masing-masing diinokulasi dengan 10 5konidia/ml. Parameter yang diamati adalah laju pertumbuhan jamur danproduksi konidia. Sedangkan dalam pengujian patogenisitas konidia N.rileyi terhadap larva H. armigera dan S. litura dilakukan dengan metodepelumuran (painting), yaitu ulat diletakkan di atas konidia di dalam cawanpetri selama ± 10 detik kemudian dipindahkan ke vial-vial plastikberdiameter 2,5 cm berisi pakan daun kapas muda (± 1 cm 2 ) untuk H.armigera dan daun jarak kepyar untuk S. litura. Apabila pakan daun telahhabis, serangga diberi pakan buatan berbahan dasar tepung kedelai. Pakanbuatan diganti setiap 2 hari sampai ulat menjadi pupa. Selanjutnya ulatyang telah diperlakukan dengan jamur diinkubasi-kan pada suhu ruang(27°-29°C) selama ± 14 hari dan diamati perkembangan ulat maupunjamurnya setiap hari. Parameter yang diamati adalah mortalitas ulat H.armigera dan S. litura serta gejala mikosis pada ulat terinfeksi. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu inkubasi berpengaruh terhadap lajupertumbuhan N. rileyi. Pada suhu 23±1ºC N. rileyi tumbuh lebih cepat(7,42-8,23 mm/hari) pada semua komposisi media yang diuji (SMAY,SMAYK, SMAYB, dan MLNr) dibanding pada suhu 27±1ºC (0,99-1,26mm/hari). Produksi konidia N. rileyi lebih banyak pada suhu 27±1ºCdibanding pada 23 ± 1ºC, yaitu berturut-turut 24,7 x 10 8 konidia/ml dan17,9 x 10 8 konidia/ml masing-masing pada media SMAYK dan MLNr.Perbedaan komposisi media tumbuh tidak menyebabkan penurunanpatogenisitas pada konidia N. rileyi sebab mortalitas ulat H. armigeramaupun S. litura masing-masing mencapai 100%. Hasil penelitianmengindikasikan bahwa N. rileyi mudah diperbanyak secara massal padamedium agar dan virulensinya baik pada H. armigera dan S. litura.Kata kunci : Nomuraea rileyi, epizootik, Helicoverpa armigera,Spodoptera litura, konidia, patogenisitas, mortalitasABSTRACTEffect of medium composition on growth of entomo-pathogenic fungi Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson andits pathogenicity against Helicoverpa armigera andSpodoptera lituraN. rileyi is one of potential entomopathogenic fungi to controlcotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, tobacco and Rhicinus caterpilar,Spodoptera litura. These fungi naturally infect those insect pests indicatingtheir potential to be used as natural control agent. Techniques of in vitroproduction of these fungi need to be developed to find out their potentialagainst the insect target. Study on effect of medium composition ongrowth of entomopathogenic fungi N. rileyi and its pathogenicity againstH. armigera and S. litura was carried out at Phytopathology and InsectPathology Laboratories of Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops ResearchInstitute (IToFCRI) from May to November 2009. The objective of thestudy was to find out the suitable composition of medium for N. rileyi andits pathogenicity against H. armigera and S. litura. The study consisted oftwo tests. The first test was testing for biological characters, namely invitro growth rate and conidia production of N. rileyi on four differentcompositions of medium as followed: (1) Sabouraud maltose agar + yeastextract (SMAY), (2) Sabouraud maltose agar + yeast extract + rice extract(SMAYR), (3) Sabouraud maltose agar + yeast extract + potato extract(SMAYP), and (4) Completed medium for N. rileyi (MLNr). Alltreatments were designed in randomized complete design (RCD) with fivereplicates. Parameters observed were the growth rate of N. rileyi andconidia production. The second was testing on pathogenicity of N. rileyiproduced from all medium tested against H. armigera and S. litura larvae.Result showed that incubation temperature influenced the growth rate offungi. N. rileyi grew faster at 23±1ºC (7.42-8.23 mm/day) than that at27±1ºC (0.99-1.26 mm/day) on all media tested. Conidia production washigher at 27±1ºC than at 23±1ºC. Both SMAYP and MLNr were the bestmedia for producing N. rileyi conidia, which were 24.7 and 17.9 x 10 8conidia/ml, respectively. Pathogenicity of N. rileyi against H. armigeraand S. litura was not affected by composition of medium tested becausethe larval mortality of both insect pests was 100%. This study indicatedthat N. rileyi can be easily produced massively on agar media and it isvirulent against H. armigera and S. litura.Key words : Nomuraea rileyi, Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera litura,conidia, in vitro, pathogenicity, mortality, epizootic
ANALISIS KEBERLANJUTAN ADOPSI KAPAS TRANSGENIK DI SULAWESI SELATAN Agus Wahyudi; Syahrial Taher; Rahmi Watt
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 9, No 4 (2003): Desember 2003
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v9n4.2003.135-140

Abstract

Adopsi Kapas transgenik yang diinlroduksi secara terbatas sejak tahun 2000 di tujuh kabupaten di Sulawesi Selatan perlu dicvaluasi kebcrlanjutannya Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor - faktor yang mempengaruhi peluang keberlanjutan petani dalam mengadopsi kapas transgenik di daerah introduksi yaitu tujuh kabupaten di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Kerangka penelitian yang digunakan adalah peluang keberlanjutan adopsi dipengaruhi oleh karaktcr subyek, karaktcr inovasi, dan lingkungan fisik dan sosial. Dengan kriteria sebaran dan luas kapas transgenik, pola sebaran curah hujan, dan waktu panen maka daerah yang terpilih adalah Kabupaten Bantaeng, Takalar, Gowa, dan Bulukumba, dan penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-September 2002. Metode pengambilan contoh petani digunakan metode acak sederhana, karena homogenitas Icarakter yang diinginkan relatif tinggi. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda yang pendugaannya dengan metode maximum likelihood. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa lebih dai 50% petani berpeluang untuk bcrhenti mengadopsi. Hal ini antara lain disebabkan ketidakmampuan petani untuk menanggung resiko usahatani kapas transgenik yang tinggi, sedang pendapatan yang diharapkan kurang stabil. Selain itu adopsi berpeluang besar akan berlanjut di daerah yang iklimnya sesuai dan kompatible dengan musim dan pola tanam yang ada.Kata kunci: Kapas transgenic, adopsi, keberlanjutan, resiko usahatani, pendapatan ABSTRACTAnalysis of sustainability of transgenic cotton adoption in South SulawesiThe adoption of transgenic conon that has been introduced since 2000 in seven regencies of South Sulawesi need to be evaluated further. The objective of the study was to analyze factors which influenced the adoption of transgenic cotton by the farmers in the introduction area. The research frame used is sustainability of adoption depend on characteistics of subjects and innovation and physical and social environment. Citeia used to determine research area were distribution and coverage of transgenic conon farms, distibution pattern of rainfall, and time of harvest. The area chosen were Regency of Bantaeng, Takalar, Gowa, and Bulukumba. The sampling method used was simple random sampling, since the population was relatively homogen. The results of the analysis indicated that more than SO % of the farmers had a chance to stop adopting the transgenic conon. Il happened because the farmers were uncapablc to take the isk of transgenic coton farming which was very high, while the income rom this farming was not stable. However, the adoption of transgenic cotton is potential in the area where the climate is suitable and compatible with the seasons and existing farming system.Key words: Transgenic coton, adoption, sustainability, farm risk, income
POTENSI SELASIH SEBAGAI REPELLENT TERHADAP NYAMUK Aedes aegypti AGUS KARDINAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 13, No 2 (2007): JUNI 2007
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v13n2.2007.39-42

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenyakit demam berdarah yang ditularkan oleh nyamuk Aedesaegypti merupakan penyakit yang hampir selalu terjadi setiap tahunnya dibeberapa daerah di Indonesia. Salah satu cara untuk menghindarinyaadalah dengan penggunaan lotion anti nyamuk yang pada umumnyaberbahan aktif bahan kimia sintetis. Perlu dicari bahan alami yang lebihaman dalam menghindari gigitan nyamuk, salah satunya adalah denganpenggunaan selasih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dayaproteksi selasih (Ocimum gratisimum dan Ocimum bassilicum) terhadapserangan nyamuk Aedes aegypti (vektor penyakit demam berdarahdengue). Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Entomologi, FakultasKedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor pada tahun 2006. Selasihdiuji dalam bentuk minyak atsiri yang diencerkan dengan parafin cair padakonsentrasi 20%; 10%; 5% dan 2,5%. Nyamuk betina hasil perbanyakan dilaboratorium merupakan serangga uji yang disimpan di dalam kurunganuji. Pengujian dilakukan dengan cara memasukkan lengan secarabergantian antara yang diberi perlakuan dan kontrol (tidak diberiperlakuan) ke dalam kurungan nyamuk dan dihitung jumlah nyamuk yanghinggap setiap jam, selama enam jam. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa selasihberpotensi sebagai pengusir (repellent) nyamuk dengan daya proteksitertinggi sebesar 79,7% selama satu jam dan rata-rata 57,6% selama enamjam. O. gratisimum lebih baik dua kali lipat daya proteksinya daripada O.bassilicum, hal ini terjadi karena diduga bahan aktifnya lebih beragam,yaitu selain mengandung eugenol 37,35%, juga thymol (9,67%) dancyneol (21,14%) dibandingkan dengan O. bassilicum yang hanya mengan-dung eugenol sebanyak 46%.Kata kunci : Selasih, Ocimum gratisimum, Ocimum bassilicum., Aedesaegypti, daya proteksi, Jawa BaratABSTRACTPotency of Ocimum spp. as repellent to Aedes aegyptimosquitoThe objective of the research is to evaluate the protection ability ofOcimum spp. (gratisimum and bassilicum) against Aedes aegypti mosquito(vector of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever). Ocimum was evaluated in theform of essential oil diluted with liquid paraffin at concentrations of 20%;10%; 5% and 2,5%. Female mosquitos reared in the laboratory wereplaced in the cages. Alternately, treated and untreated hand (control) wereinserted into the cage containing mosquitos. The number of mosquitosperched on the hand were counted every hour, lasting for six hours. Resultshowed that Ocimum was prospecting to be developed as a mosquitorepellent, although its repellency was still under the repellency of syntheticrepellent (DEET). The repellency of O. gratisimum was better than O.bassilicum since O. gratisimum possessing variety of active ingredientbeside eugenol (37.35%), such as thymol (9.67%) and cyneol (21.14)compared to O. bassilicum which is only possessing eugenol as much as46%.Key words : Selasih, Ocimum gratisimum, Ocimum bassilicum, Aedesaegypti, protection ability, West Java
SKALA USAHA DAN EFISIENSI EKONOMIRELATIF POLATANAM KELAPA PADA TINGKAT PETANI DI KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA, JAWA BARAT BEDY SUDJARMOKO; DEWI LISTYATI; D. D. TARIGANS
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 4, No 5 (1999): Januari, 1999
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v4n5.1999.140-144

Abstract

Return to scale and relative economic eficiency of coconut cropping pattern at farmer level in Tasikmalaya District, West JavaInformation about the return to scale condition in coconut cropping pattern production process is very important to determine the farm measure¬ ment due to economic eficiency of farming system. This also occurs in different relative economic efficiency in the inter category in participated fanner based on their mixed cropping area. For that reason, it is urgent to carry oat the study in Cipatujah, Sindangkerta, and Cikawung Ading villages, Cipatujah Sub Distict, and Kelapa Oenep, Kujang, and Saimukti villages, Karang Nunggal Sim District, Tasikmalays District, West Java This study was conducted from June-October 1997 using survey method. Data collected consisted of primary and secundary data. Pimary data included cost of production both coconut as main crop and intercrop (hired labour, family labour, fetilizer and pesticide) sod farm income (production and sale of production). The result of the study showed that hired labour, family labour, fertilizer and pesticide afect the profit earned rom coconut cropping pattern significantly. While the return to scale of coconut cropping patten position on increasing return to scale and did not show significant different in the application of input factors both of large farm ( • 1.145 ha) and small farm (< 1.143 ha).
COCONUT PRODUCTION UNDER VARIOUS CROPPING PATTERNS AND ITS CORRELATION TO THE SOIL AND LEAF NUTRIENT ELEMENT DOAH DEKOK TARIGANS
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 9, No 3 (2003): September, 2003
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v9n3.2003.81-90

Abstract

i-ow productivity of coconut farm is the main problem of coconut industry. The fact that intercropped palms were more productive than when solely planted, the most suitable way to increase productivity is through multiple cropping. To cope with (he existing variation of cropping pattern in relation to coconut production, soil and leaf nutrient element, various cropping patterns with four species of perennial crop as intercrops were conducted under study. The objectives of the study were (1) to study the effect of cropping patterns on the growth, nut production and farm productivity of coconut under farmer levels, soil chemical propeties and leaf nutrient element and (2) to study the correlation between growth and production parameter with soil chemical propeties and leaf nutrient elements. Various cropping patens under study namely (1) coconut monoculture (control), (2) coconut + pineapple, (3) coconut + coffee, (4) coconuf - papaya ♦ pineapple, (5) coconut + banana + coffee, and (6) coconut + banana + papaya + coffee i pineapple Total area for each cropping patern was 0.5 ha with coconut planting distance 8 m x 10 m and the palms 35-40 years old The site of the experiment conducted was at Silang, Cavite. Data on coconut growth and production, soil chemical properties and leaf nutrient parameters, were statistically analyzed in a randomized complete block design (RCDB) with three replications. Correlation analysis were performed on the following (1) Growlh and production parameters with soil chemical propeties, and leaf nutrient elements, (2) Relationship among nutrient element in the coconut leaves under various cropping paterns Results of the study showed that the effect of cropping patterns on the number of full-grown nul increased signiicantly more nut and higher amounts of copra per tree were produced in intercropped farms than in the mono-cropped coconut plantation. These increase ranged from 64 to 98 percent in terms of nuts and 70 to 105 percent in terms of copra. Positive correlation was observed between nitrogen in the top soil with weight of copra and nut production. The exchangeable potassium in lop soil was positively correlated with nut production. Meanwhile, the organic mater, content in the soil were positively correlated with weight of copra, nut production but negatively correlated with percentage of nul shedding. These results implies that increase organic matter content in the soil will increase coconut production including fruit set Nitrogen concentration in the leaf was positively and highly signiicantly correlated with number of nut shedding These finding suggested that the increased nitrogen concentration in the leaf greatly promotes nul production and fruit set of the palms under various cropping patterns in coconut The potassium in the leaf was significantly correlated with nul production but negatively correlated with percentage of nut shedding. Key words: Coconut production, cropping patterns, soil chemical, leaf nutrient elements, correlationRINGKASAN Produksi kelapa pada beberapa pola tanam dan hubungannya dengan kandungan unsur hara tanah dan daun kelapaRendahnya produktivitas tanaman merupakan masalah utama pada perkebunan kelapa. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan produktivitas yaitu melalui penerapan usahatani kelapa campuran. Suatu kenyataan bahwa penerapan intercropping menyebabkan tanaman kelapa lebih produktif dibandingkan dengan tanaman monokultur. Untuk mengetahu sejauh mana pengaruh tersebut secara ilmiah, serta hubungannya terhadap unsur hara tanah dan unsur hara dalam daun kelapa maka dilakukan penelitian secara terencana pada pertanaman kelapa rakyat produktif. Tujuan penelitian ini (1) untuk mengetahui pengaruh pola tanam terhadap petumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kelapa, terhadap unsur hara dalam tanah dan kadar hara daun kelapa dan (2) mcmpelajari korelasi antara parameter petumbuhan dan produksi kelapa dengan hara tanah serta kadar unsur hara daun. Enam polatanam kelapa yang diuji dalam penelitian ini yaitu (1) kelapa monokultur, (2) pola tanam kelapa + nanas, (3) pola tanam kelapa * kopi, (4) pola tanam kelapa + papaya + nanas , (5) pola tanam kelapa + pisang ♦ kopi dan (6) pola tanam kelapa + pisang + papaya ♦ kopi + nanas dimana masing-masing pola tanam seluas 0.5 ha. Jarak tanam kelapa 8 m x 10 m, dengan umur 40-45 tahun. Penelitian dilakukan di Silang, Cavite. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (randomized complete block design) dengan tiga ulangan. Parameter yang diamali meliputi jumlah daun, jumlah bunga betina (button) per tandan, kadar unsur hara tanah meliputi kandungan bahan organik, pH, CEC, Nitrogen, Phosphor, Calcium, dan Magnesium. Sedangkan unsur hara daun yaitu Nitrogen, Phosphor, Calsium, dan Magnesium. Analisis korelasi dilakukan terhadap (1) pertumbuhan dan produksi kelapa dengan unsur hara tanah, dan unsur hara daun dan (2) hubungan antar unsur hara daun kelapa pada beberapa polatanam kelapa yang ditclili. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi buah dan kopra pada polatanam campuran lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan hasil pola tanam kelapa monokultur. Peningkatan produksi buah 64-98 persen dan kopra 70-105 persen. Kadar nitrogen pada lapisan atas tanah mempunyai korelasi positif dengan berat kopra dan produksi buah. Sedangkan unsur kalium pada lapisan tanah yang sama mempunyai korelasi positif dengan produksi buah kelapa Kandungan bahan organik tanah mempunyai korelasi positif dengan berat kopra, produksi buah namun berkorelasi negatip dengan presentase buah yang gugur (nut shedding) Hasil ini berimplikasi bahwa dengan meningkatnya kadar bahan organik tanah akan meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman kelapa. Lebih lanjut, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar nitrogen dan kalium pada daun mempunyai korelasi positif dengan peningkatan produksi kelapa dan persentasi buah yang jadi.Kata kunci: Produksi kelapa, polatanam, unsur hara tanah, kadar unsur daun, analisis korelasi

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