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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (JLITTRI) aims to publish primary research articles of current research topics, not simultaneously submitted to nor previously published in other scientific or technical ojournals. General review articles will not be accepted. The journal maintains strict standards of content, presentation,and reviewing. SCOPE The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of agricultural science in Indonesia including: Estate crops; Soil science; Climate science; Agronomy; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genetic resources; Plant pathology; Plant physiology; Entomology; Farming system; Postharvest technology; Socio-economic agriculture; Environment; Agricultural extension. The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles. Since the year of 2017, the jurnal is published twice a year in (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 504 Documents
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PENGARUH JENIS ADSORBEN DAN LAMA PEMUCATAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MUTU MINYAK KEM1RI M. P. LAKSMANAHARDJA; CHRISTINA WINARTI; DJAJENG SUMANGAT; B. SOFIANNA SEMBIRING
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 5, No 1 (1999): Juni, 1999
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v5n1.1999.13-17

Abstract

Effect of adsorbent type and bleaching process time on the characteristics ofcandle nut oilResearch on bleaching of candle nut oil was conducted in Laboratory of Postharvest Technology, RISMC from November 1995 to March 1996. The crude candle nut oil has to be purified so that it can be used for many purposes and it can increase the storage peiode One of the stages in puification is bleaching The aims of study were lo find out the type and amount of adsorbent and the bleaching time The experiment used completely randomized design with factoial expeiment and two replications Treatments tested were types of adsorbent (A): activated charcoal, coconut shell charcoal and ash of paddy busk, amount of adsorbent with 1. 2. aid 3% oil weight; and bleaching time (B): 1. 2. and 3 hours. Result showed that type of adsorbent gave a significant effect on saponification vahie, acid value and FFA content; bleaching time affected on acid value and FFA content. There was no significant effect on iodine value in all of the treatments tested. The optimum treatment combina¬ tion was activated charcoal, with 1% concentration for one hour.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI CENDAWAN TERBAWA BENIH KAKAO HIBRIDA BAHARUDIN BAHARUDIN; AGUS PURWANTARA; SATRIYAS ILYAS; MOHAMAD RAHMAD SUHARTANTO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 18, No 1 (2012): Maret 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v18n1.2012.40-46

Abstract

ABSTRAKBenih merupakan komponen dasar dalam menentukan produktivitastanaman kakao. Benih yang sehat dapat merupakan faktor penting dalammenentukan keberhasilan produktivitas kakao. Benih kakao mempunyaikadar air cukup tinggi sehingga berpotensi terinfeksi cendawan, yangdapat menurunkan mutu benih dan produksi kakao. Penelitian bertujuanuntuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi beberapa cendawan terbawa benihpada kakao hibrida. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Induk Benih PusatPenelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia, Jember, Laboratorium Mikro-biologi, Balai Penelitian Bioteknologi Perkebunan Indonesia, danLaboratorium Pengendalian Hayati IPB Bogor pada bulan Juni sampaiOktober 2008. Penelitian menggunakan benih kakao hibrida dari hasilpersilangan buatan antar TSH 858 dengan Sca 6, dan percobaan disusundengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Benih ditumbuhkanpada 3 media, yaitu water agar (WA), potato dextrose agar (PDA), dankertas saring (KS). Tingkat infeksi pada benih diamati setiap hari dandianalisis dengan analisis sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji selangberganda Duncan. Cendawan diisolasi, dibiakkan, dimurnikan, dandiidentifikasi dengan menggunakan buku kunci identifikasi. Tingkatinfeksi cendawan terbawa benih kakao hibrida tertinggi terdapat pada harikeempat (35,00%) dan kelima (51,67%) pada media PDA. Sebanyak 13spesies cendawan terbawa benih kakao hibrida berhasil diidentifikasidengan menggunakan media WA dan PDA, serta 8 spesies cendawandengan media KS. Ke-13 cendawan terbawa benih yang ditemukan sangatberpotensi menurunkan mutu fisiologis benih dan produktivitas kakao.Cendawan tersebut perlu diuji lebih lanjut karena masing-masing memilikisifat-sifat patogenik, saprofitik, atau antagonistis terhadap cendawan lainpada benih kakao. Cendawan terbawa benih kakao hibrida paling dominanadalah Aspergillus spp., Penicillium chrysogenium, Coletotrichumacutatum, Curvularia geniculata, dan Fusarium spp. Cendawan-cendawanyang diduga berbahaya adalah Aspergillus spp., Coletotrichum acutatum,Curvularia  geniculata,  Fusarium  spp.,  Phoma  glomerata,  danMacrophoma sp., dan yang diduga bersifat patogenik adalah Aspergillusflavus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Cladosporium herbanum, Curvulariageniculata, Fusarium oxysporum, Phoma glomerata, dan Macrophoma sp.Kata kunci : Theobroma cacao, benih hibrida, infeksi cendawan, mediatanamIsolation and Identification of Fungi on Hybrid Cacao SeedsABSTRACTSeed is the basic component influencing the productivity of cacaoplantation. Healthy seed is the most important factor in determining thesuccess of cacao productivity. Moisture content of cacao seeds is quitehigh potentially to cause fungi infection, which can further reduce seedquality and cacao production. The research aimed at isolating andidentifying several seedborne fungi on hybrid cacao. The study wasconducted at main nursery of Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa ResearchInstitute Jember, Laboratory of Microbiology, Indonesian BiotechnologyResearch Institute for Estate Crops, and the Laboratory for BiologicalControl of IPB Bogor from June to October 2008. Research used hybridcacao seeds derived from crossing between TSH 858 x SCA 6, and theexperiment was arranged using completely randomized design with threereplicates. Cacao seeds were grown on three media, i.e. water agar (WA),potato dextrose agar (PDA), and filter paper (KS). Infection rates on theseedlings were observed every day and analyzed using ANOVA followedby Duncan's multiple regression test (DMRT). Fungi were isolated,cultured, purified, and identified using the identification keys. The highestrate of seedborn fungal infection occured on fourth (35.00%) and fifth(51.67%) days on PDA media. A total of 13 species of seedborn fungi onhybrid cocoa were identified by using WA and PDA media, as well as 8other species by using KS. The 13 seedborne fungi potentially reduce seedphysiological quality and cacao productivity. These fungi need to befurther tested because each has its own pathogenic, saprophytic, orantagonistic properties towards other fungi on cacao seeds. Predominantseedborn fungi on hybrid cacao were Aspergillus spp., Penicilliumchrysogenium, Coletotrichum acutatum, Curvularia geniculata, andFusarium spp. The fungi suspected harmful were Aspergillus spp.,Coletotrichum acutatum, Curvularia geniculata, Fusarium spp., Phomaglomerata, and Macrophoma sp., and those suspected pathogenic wereAspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Cladosporium herbanum,Curvularia geniculata, Fusarium oxysporum, Phoma glomerata, andMacrophoma sp.Key words : Theobroma cacao, fungi infection, hybrid seed, growingmedia
FORMULASI FLY SPRAY DARI EKSTRAK PIRETRUM DAN EFFEKTIVITASNYA TERHADAP SERANGGA RUMAH TANGGA SRI YULIANI; . TRITIANINGSIH; SOFYAN RUSLI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 9, No 3 (2003): September, 2003
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v9n3.2003.116-120

Abstract

Telah dilakukan pembuatan formula fly spray dengan bahan aktif utama ekstrak piretrum dan uji efTektivitasnya dilakukan terhadap serangga rumah tangga. Penelitian dimulai dari April sampai Oktober 2001 di Laboratorium Fisiologi Hasil dan Keteknikan, Balinro dan Laboratorium Entomologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, IPB Komponen formula terdiri dari ekstrak piretrum, minyak serai wangi, minyak wijen, naftalen, pine oil, pclarut pertasol CB dan LAWS. Perlakuan formulasi yaitu dibual variasi konsentrasi ekstrak piretrum ( 0.041% dan 0.052% ), penambahan/tanpa pine oil (0%, 0.1%) dan natalen (0%, 1.0%) serta jenis pclarut (LAWS dan pertasol CB). Uji effektivitas dilakukan terhadap serangga rumah tangga yaitu lalat, nyamuk, semut dan kecoa. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dua formula yaitu Fi dan F, adalah formula paling effektif terhadap lalat Musca domeslica dan sebagai formula terpilih adalah Fj. Formula ini effektif terhadap nyamuk Culex qumquefasciatus dengan mematikan 92% pada menit ke dua sangat efektif terhadap semut t'onera sp. dengan angka kematian 100% pada menit ke dua, dan kurang effektif terhadap kecoa Blatella germanica menyebabkan kematian 90% pada menil ke 30. Komposisi formula F> terdii dari ekstrak piretrum dengan kadar piretrin 0.041%, minyak serai wangi 0.1%, minyak wijen 3%, natalen 1% dan pelarut LAWS. Pelarut terbaik untuk formula ini adalah LAWS.Kata kunci: Fly spray, Piretrum, formulasi, uji effektivitas, serangga rumah tangga ABSTRACT Fly spray formulation of pyrethrum extract and its effectiveness on housefliesThe production of ly spray formula with active ingredient pyrethrum extract and its efficacy on houselics were conducted from Apil to October 2001 at (he Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops, Bogor and at Entomology laboratory of FKH - IPB. The formula was made from pyrethrum extract, citronella oil, sesame oil, natalein, pine oil and solvent, i.e pertasol CB and LAWS. The parameters observed were the variation concentration of pyrethrum extract (0.041% and 0.051%), added with pine oil (0%, 0.1%), natalein (0%, 1.0%) and solvents (LAWS and pertasol CB). The eficacy lest was conducted on houselies which included housely, mosquito, ant and cockroach. The result showed that F> and Fi were ihe most effective to M. domeslica and Fi is the selected formula. Fi was effective to Cx. qumquefasciatus mosquito which killed 92% of the mosquito in two minutes, and very effective to Ponera sp ants which killed 100% in iwo minutes, and less effective to B. germanica cockroach which killed 90% in half hour. The Fj formula was made from pyrethrum extract with 0.041% piretrin, 0.1% citronella oil, 3% sesame oil, 1% natalein and LAWS solvent LAWS was the best solvent for the formula.Key words : Fly spray, pyrethrum, formulation, efficacy test, houselies
PENGGUNAAN ASAM FUSARAT DALAM SELEKSI IN VITRO UNTUK RESISTENSI ABAKA TERHADAP Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense RULLY DYAH PURWATI; UNTUNG SETYO BUDI; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 13, No 2 (2007): JUNI 2007
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v13n2.2007.64-72

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenyakit layu Fusarium yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Fusariumoxysporum Schlecht f.sp. cubense (E.F. Smith) Snyd & Hans (Foc)merupakan penyakit yang banyak menyerang tanaman Musa sp. (termasukabaka) dan dapat menurunkan produktivitas serat antara 20-65%. Salahsatu cara untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah penggunaan klon abakayang resisten. Seleksi in vitro dengan menggunakan agens penyeleksiasam fusarat (AF) merupakan metode yang efektif untuk memperoleh klonabaka resisten terhadap infeksi Foc. Pengkulturan kalus embriogen dantunas abaka pada medium tunas (MT) yang mengandung berbagaikonsentrasi AF digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh daya hambat AF.Konsentrasi sub-letal ditentukan sebagai konsentrasi yang paling tinggimenghambat proliferasi kalus embriogen dan tunas abaka. Seleksi in vitrountuk mengidentifikasi embrio somatik yang insensitif AF dilakukandengan konsentrasi sub-letal. Setelah regenerasi dan aklimatisasi plantlet,klon abaka hasil regenerasi ditanam di rumah kaca untuk pengujianketahanan terhadap Foc menggunakan metode detached leaf dual culture.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengevaluasi daya hambat pertumbuhankalus embriogen abaka, (2) mengetahui konsentrasi sub-letal AF, (3)mengidentifikasi varian embrio somatik abaka yang insensitif AF melaluiseleksi in vitro yang dilanjutkan dengan regenerasi plantlet, dan (4)mengevaluasi resistensi plantlet hasil regenerasi terhadap infeksi Foc.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa AF menghambat pertumbuhan kalusembriogen dan tunas abaka, sedangkan konsentrasi sub-letal AF adalah 50mg/l. Dari seleksi in vitro dihasilkan 85 plantlet klon Tangongon dan 28plantlet klon Sangihe-1 yang diregenerasikan dari embrio somatik yanginsensitif AF. Genotipe asli Tangongon termasuk dalam kelompok sangatrentan terhadap infeksi Foc, sedangkan dua dari tiga varian dari klonTangongon yang diuji menunjukkan resisten dan satu agak rentan. Padapenelitian ini, pengujian resistensi terhadap infeksi Foc varian yangberasal dari klon Sangihe-1 belum dapat dilakukan karena plantlet masihterlalu kecil sehingga belum dapat diaklimatisasi.Kata kunci: Abaka, Musa textilis Nee., penyakit, Fusarium, keragamansomaklonal, toksin cendawan, Jawa TimurABSTRACTThe usage of fusaric acid (FA) in vitro selection of abacaresistant to Fusarium Oxysporum f. sp. cubenseWilt Fusarium disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtf.sp. cubense (E.F. Smith) Snyd & Hans (Foc) is one of the major diseasesof Musa sp. including abaca, and it could decrease 20-65% fiberproductivity. One of the method to solve this problem is utilization ofabaca resistant clones. In vitro selection using fusaric acid (FA) asselective agents is an effective method to produce abaca resistant clones toFoc infection. Culturing abaca embriogenic calli (EC) and shoots on MTmedium containing various FA concentrations was used to determine FAinhibition effects. Sub-lethal concentration was defined as one inhibiting >90% proliferation of abaca EC and shoots. In vitro selection to identify FAinsensitive SE was conducted using FA sub-lethal concentration.Following plantlet regeneration and acclimatization, the regenerated abacalines were grown in the glasshouse for testing against Foc using detachedleaf dual culture test. The objectives of this study were to (1) evaluategrowth inhibition of abaca EC and shoots by FA, (2) determine sub-lethalconcentration of FA, (3) identify FA insensitive variants of abaca somaticembryos (SE) through in vitro selection followed by plantlet regeneration,and (4) evaluate resistance of regenerated plantlets against Foc infection.Results of the experiment showed FA inhibited abaca EC and shootsgrowth while sub-lethal concentration of FA was 50 mg/l. Following invitro selection, 85 plantlets of Tangongon and 28 of Sangihe-1 wereregenerated from FA insensitive SE. The original Tangongon genotypewas very susceptible against Foc infection. Meanwhile, among three Foctested lines derived from Tangongon, two lines were considered resistantand one was slightly susceptible. However, resistance against Foc ofvariants derived from Sangihe-1 have not been evaluated in thisexperiment due to the plantlets were not strong enough to be acclimatized.Key words : Manila hemp, Musa textilis Nee., pest, Fusarium,somaclonal variation, fungal toxin, East Jav
PENDUGAAN PERIODE KER1NG DAN AWAL MUSIM HUJAN UNTUK MEMPERBAIKI WAKTU TANAM KAPAS DI JAWA TIMUR PRIMA D. RJAJAYA; M. SHOLEH; S. MULYANINGSIH; M. CHOLID; N. SUDIBYO; SOEBANDRJJO SOEBANDRJJO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 4, No 6 (1999): Maret, 1999
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v4n6.1999.179-190

Abstract

Prediction of dryspell and the onset of rainy season to im¬ prove cotton planting time in East JavaClimatic elements paticularly rainfall strongly influences successful prediction of rainfed cotton yield. Rainfall variability varies amongst the seasons. Thepreviousplantingtimcs were determined based in 10 years daily rainfall data (1975-1984). Longterm rainfall data are required for rainfall analysis to get reliable probabilities The rainfall analysis was done using Markov Cham First Order Probability and dryspcll probability methods. The rainfall data were collected from 17 rainfall stations in East Java (Banyuwangi, Situbondo. Probolinggo, Jember, Lumajang, Pasuruan, Mojokerto.Tuban and I -amongan). The planting times varied from the first week to the fouth week of December for Pasuruan, Probolinggo. Situbondo, Jember. and Banyu¬ wangi: for these areas sequential system of cotton ater maize is not recom¬ mended due to short rainy season The planting times in Lumajang. Lanongan. Mojoketo. and Tuban ranged from mid December to early January, sufficient length of rainy season suppoted sequential system in these areas. The improved cotton planting times were 1 -2 weeks earlier or later than the previous planting times.
STABILITAS HASIL DAN MUTU ENAM GENOTIPE HARAPAN JAHE PUTIH KECIL (Zingiber officinale Rosc. var amarum) PADA BEBERAPA AGROEKOLOGI NURLIANI BERMAWIE; SITTI FATIMAH SYAHID; NUR AJIJAH; SUSI PURWIYANTI; BUDI MARTONO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 19, No 2 (2013): Juni 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v19n2.2013.58-65

Abstract

ABSTRAKPeningkatan produktivitas dan mutu jahe putih kecil memerlukanbahan tanaman unggul. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahuistabilitas hasil dan mutu enam genotipe jahe putih kecil pada berbagaikondisi agroekologi. Enam genotipe harapan jahe putih kecil dan duagenotipe lokal sebagai pembanding diuji selama dua musim tanam diempat lokasi (Sukabumi, Sumedang, Majalengka, dan Garut) pada tahun2004 sampai 2006. Rancangan percobaan dilakukan mengikuti rancanganacak kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan. Jarak tanam 60 x 40 cmdengan populasi per plot sebanyak 100 tanaman. Parameter yang diamatiadalah hasil (bobot rimpang per rumpun) dan mutu (kadar minyak atsiri,fenol total, sari larut air, dan sari larut alkohol). Analisis stabilitas hasilmenggunakan metoda Yau dan Hamblin. Hasil pengujian menunjukkangenotipe ZIOF-0049 dan ZIOF-0050 menghasilkan rimpang dengan rataanbobot aktual cukup tinggi serta stabil pada berbagai kondisi agroeokologi.Kadar minyak atsiri genotipe ZIOF-0049 sedang (2,92%), sedangkanZIOF-0050 tinggi (3,28%). Genotipe ZIOF-0046 memiliki kadar minyakatsiri cukup tinggi (3,91%), dan stabil di seluruh unit pengujian. Selainkadar minyak atsiri genotipe ZIOF-0046 juga memiliki kadar fenol(3,04%) dan kadar sari larut air (24,40%) yang cukup tinggi. GenotipeZIOF-0008 memiliki kadar minyak atsiri yang tinggi (3,64%) dan stabilpada berbagai unit pengujian. Empat genotipe ZIOF-0049, ZIOF-0050,ZIOF-0046, dan ZIOF-0008 menunjukkan karakter stabil pada sifat hasildan mutu rimpang sehingga layak untuk direkomendasikan sebagaigenotipe unggul dan beradaptasi luas.Kata kunci: Zingiber officinale var. amarum, jahe putih kecil, interaksigenetik dan lingkungan, hasil, mutuABSTRACTThe provision of superior genotype having stable yield andquality is a prerequisite for the productivity and quality improvement ofsmall white ginger. Research to study stability of yield and quality wasundertaken on six promising genotypes with two control variety by multienvironmental tests in four locations (Sukabumi, Sumedang, Majalengka,and Garut) for two growing seasons from 2004-2006. The experimentused a randomized block design with three replicates, 60 cm x 40 cm plantspacing, 100 plants per plot. Parameters observed were fresh rhizomeyield and quality (essential oil content, total phenolic content, watersoluble extract, and alcohol soluble extract). Stability analysis wasundertaken based on Yau and Hamblin method. Genotype ZIOF-0049 andZIOF-0050 produced the high rhizome weight and considered to berelatively stable at four locations. Essential oils content of ZIOF-0049were medium (2,92%) and ZIOF-0050 were high (3,28%). Genotypes thathave high content of essential oil (3,91%) and stable in various testing unitwas ZIOF-0046. In addition to the essential oil content, genotypes ZIOF-0046 also had phenol (3,04%) and water-soluble extract (24,40%) contentwere high. Genotype ZIOF-0008 has a high volatile oil content (3,64%)and stable in various testing unit. Four genotypes ZIOF-0049, ZIOF-0050,ZIOF-0046 and ZIOF-0008 showed stable in rhizome yield and qualitycharacters. That were deserves to be recommended as superior genotypesand wide adaptation.Key words: Zingiber officinale var. amarum, small white ginger, geneticand environment interaction, yield, quality
PENGELOMPOKAN POHON INDUK CENGKEH TERPILIH DI KABUPATEN SUMEDANG BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI / Clustering of Progeny Clove Accessions from Cimanggu Population in Sumedang Based on the Morphologycal Characters Cheppy Syukur; nFN Sukarman; Nurliani Bermawie
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 22, No 1 (2016): Maret, 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v22n1.2016.29-36

Abstract

Cimanggu progeny clove has been distributed to almost of centre production, such as in Sumedang. However, their genotypes are still unidentified. Therefore, clustering cloves accession population in Sumedang is necessary. The objectives of this study is to cluster and determine phylogenetic relationship of Cimanggu progeny clove population in Sumedang base on morphological characters. The experiment was conducted in Sumedang (West, Java) from 2013 until 2014, by using 10 selected accessions (healthy, more than 40 years old, productivity is ≥ 20 kg dried flower). Variables were observed include morphological leaf, flower and flower production. To distinguish genotype from each accession was conducted by cluster analyzed, while to identify the variables which were related to the clusters formation, used correspondence analysis. The results indicated, that clove population Sumedang can be classified into three clusters as followed: the first cluster are Syar 43 and 46 accessions, characterized by greenish orange and greenish purple of young leaves tip with flower tube greenish red (GR 180B), the second cluster are Syar 44 and 45 accession, characterized by tip reddish purple young leaves and greenish red (GR181B) flower tubes color, and the third cluster are Syar 47, 49, 50, 51 and 52 accessions, characterized by orange young leaves tips and greenish red (GR180C) flower tubes. This information can be utilized to support releasing Cimanggu clove variety.Keywords: Syzygium aromaticum, clustering, characters, morphology
PENYIMPANAN IN VITRO TANAMAN PURWOCENG (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) MELALUI APLIKASI PENGENCERAN MEDIA DAN PACLOBUTRAZOL I. ROOSTIKA; R. PURNAMANINGSIH; I. DARWATI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 15, No 2 (2009): Juni 2009
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v15n2.2009.84-90

Abstract

ABSTRAKPurwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) adalah tanaman obatlangka asli Indonesia yang dikategorikan hampir punah. Konservasi in situtidak dapat diandalkan karena rusaknya habitat alami (hutan konservasi),sedangkan konservasi ex situ di lapang menghadapi kendala karenapurwoceng sulit dibudidayakan di luar habitat aslinya. Dengan demikian,konservasi in vitro merupakan alternatif yang dapat diterapkan untukmenghindari kepunahan tanaman purwoceng. Tujuan penelitian untukmengetahui efek dari kombinasi perlakuan pengenceran media dankonsentrasi paclobutrazol terhadap pertumbuhan kultur purwoceng, dayaregenerasi dan stabilitas genetik pasca penyimpanan. Penelitian dilakukanpada tahun 2004 di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan, Balai Penelitian danPengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian, Bogorselama 9 bulan. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan bersumber dari koleksitanaman purwoceng di Kebun Percobaan Gunung Putri, Balai PenelitianTanaman Rempah dan Obat. Kegiatan penelitian mencakup: (1)Perbanyakan tunas in vitro purwoceng sebagai sumber eksplan denganmenggunakan regenerasi, yaitu media DKW + BA 1 ppm + Thidiazuron0,2 ppm + arginin 100 ppm, (2) Penyimpanan in vitro tunas purwocengdalam media DKW (1, ½, dan ¼ dosis) + paclobutrazol (0, 1, 3, dan 5ppm), (3) Regenerasi kultur purwoceng pasca penyimpanan in vitro padamedia regenerasi, dan (4) Evaluasi karakter sitologi kultur yang telahdisimpan melalui penghitungan jumlah kloroplas sel penjaga stomata.Rancangan percobaan disusun secara faktorial dalam lingkungan acaklengkap dengan 6 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanyainteraksi yang nyata antara pengenceran media dan konsentrasipaclobutrazol. Periode simpan kultur tidak dapat diperpanjang lebih dari 4bulan karena paclobutrazol mempunyai pengaruh penghambatan pertum-buhan yang sangat kuat sehingga sebagian besar kultur purwoceng mati.Efek residu paclobutrazol masih tampak pada jangka waktu lebih dari 4bulan pada tahap pemulihan, ditandai dengan adanya penampilan roset.Pengamatan ciri sitologi melalui penghitungan jumlah kloroplas selpenjaga stomata menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan paclobutrazol tidakmenyebabkan perubahan tingkat ploidi. Disimpulkan bahwa paclobutrazoltidak sesuai digunakan untuk penyimpanan in vitro purwoceng karenamenyebabkan pertumbuhan yang abnormal (roset) sekalipun pada tahapregenerasi pasca penyimpanan. Selanjutnya disarankan untuk mengguna-kan regulator osmotik, yang mampu meningkatkan potensi osmotik dalammedia dan memperlambat penyerapan nutrisi sehingga masa simpankemungkinan dapat diperpanjang tanpa menyebabkan pertumbuhan yangabnormal pada tahap regenerasi pasca penyimpanan.Kata kunci : Pimpinella pruatjan Molk., penyimpanan in vitro, pengen-ceran media, dan paclobutrazolABSTRACTPurwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) is an Indonesian medicinalplant categorized as endangered plant. In situ conservation is quiteimpossible since conservation forest has been damaged whereas ex situconservation in the field is difficult because the plant needs specificagronomical condition. In vitro conservation is therefore the only choice tobe applied. The objectives of the study were to find out the effects ofcombined  treatment  between  media  dilution  and  paclobutrazolconcentration to the growth of pruatjan cultures, the genetic regenerationand stability after preservation. The research was conducted at the TissueCulture Laboratory, the Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnologyand Genetic Resources Research and Development for 9 months. The plantmaterials were taken from Gunung Putri. The activities included: (1)Propagation of in vitro shoots as explants source in DKW media + 1 ppmBA + 0.2 ppm Thidiazuron + 100 ppm arginin, (2) Preservation of in vitroshoots of pruatjan on DKW (full, half, and quarter strength) +paclobutrazol (0, 1, 3, and 5 ppm), (3) Regeneration of the cultures after invitro preservation, and (4) Evaluation of cytological character of preservedcultures through chloroplast guard cells counting. The experiment wasarranged factorially in Completely Randomized Design with 6replications. The result revealed that there was no interaction betweenmedia dilution and paclobutrazol concentration. Preservation period couldnot be prolonged more than 4 months because this compound stronglyinhibited the growth so that almost none of them could survive longer. Theresidual effect of paclobutrazol was still appeared more than 4 months inregeneration phase assigned by rossette performances. Observation ofcytological character through chloroplast guard cells counting revealedthat paclobutrazol could not change ploidy level of preserved pruatjancultures. It was concluded that paclobutrazol is not suitable for in vitropreservation of pruatjan since it causes abnormal growth on regenerationstep after preservation. Thus, it was suggested to use osmotic regulatorwhich can increase osmoticum potential in media and decrease nutritionabsorption so that preservation period may be prolonged without abnormaleffect on regeneration step after preservation.Key words: Pimpinella pruatjan Molk., in vitro preservation, mediadilution, and paclobutrazol
UJI ADAPTASI VARIETAS DAN GALUR KENAF (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) DI LAHAN PASANG SURUT KALIMANTAN TENGAH AMIK KRISMAWATI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 11, No 3 (2005): SEPTEMBER 2005
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v11n3.2005.107-111

Abstract

ABSTRAKPotensi lahan pasang surut Kalimantan Tengah cukup luas yaitu 5,5juta hektar dimana sebagian dapat dikembangkan dengan tanaman kenaf.Penelitian uji adaptasi varietas dan galur kenaf dilaksanakan di lahanpasang surut desa Samuda, kecamatan Mentaya Hilir Selatan, KabupatenKotawaringin Timur, Kalimantan Tengah. Perlakuan berupa varietas/galurkenaf yang terdiri dari dua varietas (Hc G-4 dan Cuba 108/II) dan empatgalur hasil persilangan (Hc 85.9.75; Hc 85.9.40. 1; Hc 85.9.42; Hc85.9.66.1), yang diatur dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan tigaulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap tinggi tanaman dan diameterbatang pada umur 40, 75 dan 105 hari setelah tanam terhadap 10tanaman acak per petak, bobot segar biomasa, bobot serat per petak, danbobot kering akar adventif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dua galurhasil persilangan yaitu Hc 85.9.661 dan Hc 85.9.75 mempunyai adaptasicukup bagus dengan tinggi tanaman akhir masing-masing adalah 265,25cm dan 260, 25 cm serta diameter batang masing-masing adalah 2,17 cmdan 2,10 cm. Hasil serat tertinggi masing-masing sebesar 2,40 dan2,30 ton/ha, sementara varietas Hc G-4 mencapai 2,25 ton/ha.Kata kunci : Kenaf, Hibiscus cannabinus L., varietas, galur, adaptasi,lahan pasang surut, Kalimantan TengahABSTRACTAdaptation test of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) varieties and lines attidal swamps land, Central KalimantanThe area of tidal swamps In Central Kalimantan is approximately5.5 million hectare and parts of that area can be developed by kenaf plant.The adaptation test of several kenaf varieties and lines was conducted inSamuda Village, Mentaya Hilir Selatan District, Kotawaringin Timur,Central Kalimantan. The experiment used a randomized block design withthree replications and six treatments consisting of two kenaf varieties (HcG-4 and Cuba 108/II) and four kenaf lines (No 85.9.75; No 85.9.40.1; No85.9.42; No 85.9.66.1). Parameters observed were plant height, stemdiameter at 40, 75 and 105 days after planting, on 10 random plantsperplot, fresh biomass, dried fiber, and dried adventive root weight. Theresults of this experiment showed that two lines, namely Hc 85.9.66.1and Hc 85.9.75 obtained the optimal vegetative growth as their plantheight and stem diameter at harvesting time reached 265.25 cm and260.25 cm, 2.17 cm and 2.10 cm respectively. The fiber yields of the twolines were 2.40 and 2.30 ton/ha respectively, while the control line Hc G-4was only 2.25 ton/ha.Key words : Kenaf, Hibiscus cannabinus L., variety, line, adaptation,tidal swamps land, Central Kalimantan
DEHIDRASI DAN PEMBEKUAN JARINGAN APEKS TEBU UNTUK PENYIMPANAN JANGKA PANJANG IKA ROOSTIKA; RARA PUSPITA DEWI LIMA WATI; DARDA EFENDI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 21, No 1 (2015): Maret 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v21n1.2015.25-32

Abstract

ABSTRAKTebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) merupakan tanaman yangdiperbanyak secara vegetatif. Kriopreservasi merupakan metode yangpaling sesuai untuk penyimpanan jangka panjang bagi tanaman yangdiperbanyak secara vegetatif. Dehidrasi dan pembekuan jaringan merupa-kan tahapan paling kritis yang menentukan keberhasilan kriopreservasi.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh durasi dehidrasi yang optimaldan metode pembekuan jaringan apeks tebu. Penelitian dilakukan diLaboratorium Kultur Jaringan, Kelompok Peneliti Biologi Sel danJaringan, Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber-daya Genetik Pertanian, Bogor pada Mei 2013 sampai Februari 2014.Untuk optimasi metode dehidrasi, apeks direndam dalam larutan PVS2(MS + gliserol 30% + etilen glikol 15% + dimetil sulfoksida 15% +sukrosa 0,4 M) selama 10, 20, 30, dan 40 menit. Untuk optimasi metodepembekuan, diujikan kombinasi perlakuan prakultur (dengan sukrosa 0;0,1; dan 0,3 M selama 5 hari) dan pemuatan dalam larutan LS (MS +gliserol 2 M + sukrosa 0,4 M) selama 0, 10, 20, dan 30 menit sebelumtahapan dehidrasi dan pembekuan jaringan di dalam nitrogen cair (-196 o C). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan durasi dehidrasi jaringan yangterbaik adalah 30 menit dalam larutan PVS2. Kombinasi perlakuanprakultur dengan sukrosa 0,3 M dan pemuatan dengan larutan LS selama10 menit merupakan metode terbaik untuk pembekuan jaringan. Persentasetumbuh sebelum dan setelah pembekuan dalam nitrogen cair berturut-turutadalah 100 dan 40%. Setelah kriopreservasi, biakan mampu tumbuhdengan tingkat multiplikasi tunas sekitar 10 tunas/eksplan. Metode yangdiperoleh pada penelitian ini berpeluang diterapkan untuk penyimpananplasma nutfah tebu dalam jangka panjang secara kriopreservasi daneliminasi patogen obligat secara krioterapi.Kata kunci: Saccharum officinarum L., apeks, dehidrasi, pembekuan,nitrogen cairABSTRACTSugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is vegetatively propagatedplant. Cryopreservation is the most suitable method for long-termpreservation of vegetatively propagated plant. Dehydration and freezingare critical steps of successful cryopreservation so that it should beoptimized. The research aimed to obtain the optimal duration ofdehydration and freezing method of sugarcane apex tissues. Theexperiments were conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory, Plant CellTissue Biology Group, Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnologyand  Genetic  Resources  Research  and  Development  on  May2013−February 2014. To optimize dehydration method, the tissues wereexposured in PVS2 solution (MS + 30% glycerol + 15% ethylene glycol +15% dimethyl sulphoxide + 0.4 M sucrose) for 10, 20, 30, and 40 minutes.To optimize freezing method, the combined treatment of preculture withsucrose (0, 0.1, dan 0.3 M) for 5 days and loading in LS solution (MS + 2M glycerol + 0.4 M sucrose) for 0, 10, 20, dan 30 minutes) were testedbefore dehydration for 30 minutes and freezing in liquid nitrogen (-196 o C).The best duration of dehydration was 30 minutes. The combined treatmentof preculture on 0.3 M sucrose and loading for 10 minutes was the bestmethod for tissues freezing. Percentage of regrowth before and afterfreezing in liquid nitrogen was 100 and 40% respectively. Aftercryopreservation, the cultures could grow with high shoot multiplicationrate about 10 shoots/explant. The method resulted in this study can beapplied for long-term storage of sugarcane germplasms by cryopreser-vation and (elimination of obligate pathogens by cryotherapy.Keywords: Saccharum officinarum L., apex, dehydration, freezing, liquidnitrogen.

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