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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (JLITTRI) aims to publish primary research articles of current research topics, not simultaneously submitted to nor previously published in other scientific or technical ojournals. General review articles will not be accepted. The journal maintains strict standards of content, presentation,and reviewing. SCOPE The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of agricultural science in Indonesia including: Estate crops; Soil science; Climate science; Agronomy; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genetic resources; Plant pathology; Plant physiology; Entomology; Farming system; Postharvest technology; Socio-economic agriculture; Environment; Agricultural extension. The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles. Since the year of 2017, the jurnal is published twice a year in (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 504 Documents
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RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PERONTOK LADA MODEL AKSIAL TATANG HIDAYAT; RISFAHERI RISFAHERI; NANAN NURDJANNAH
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 7, No 2 (2001): Juni,2001
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v7n2.2001.54-59

Abstract

Design of axialflow thresherfor pepperThe pepper threshing practice has been carried out using traditional method in which the pepper berries are usually trampled. This method is neither efficient nor higienic, and it also causes high losses of the berries. To overcome those problems, an experiment was carried out to make an axial flow thresher. The experiment was conducted at Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops from April to December 1999. The experiment consisted of three steps, namely designing, constructing and testing. The objective of testing was to determine the optimum operation condition of the thresher. The testing was designed as a completely randomized complete design with three replications. The raw material for testing was pepper berries (Lampung Daun Lebar variety) of 8 - 9 month old. The result showed that the optimum condition for threshing process was 300 rpm cylinder rotation, with the spike separation process using 7.5° sieve angle. The performance of pepper thresher on that condition was : threshing eficiency 98.55%, spikes separation eficiency 89.22%, berries on spikes outlet 5.20% and berries damage 6.30%. The capacity of thresher was 260.56 kg raw material/hour. The operational cost was Rp 27.28/kg raw material, lower than that of the traditional threshing method (Rp 50/kg raw material).
HASIL DAN STABILITAS HASIL DUA PULUH GENOTIPE JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) SELAMA SEMBILAN BELAS BULAN BERPRODUKSI EDI WARDIANA; DIBYO PRANOWO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 16, No 3 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v16n3.2010.126-133

Abstract

ABSTRAKPengujian interaksi genotipe dengan lingkungan (GxE) serta analisisstabilitas hasil suatu genotipe merupakan hal yang penting dalam programpemuliaan tanaman. Penelitian dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis hasil danstabilitas hasil 20 genotipe tanaman jarak pagar telah dilakukan di KebunPercobaan Pakuwon, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat, pada ketinggian tempat 450m dpl dengan jenis tanah Latosol dan tipe iklim B mulai bulan Mei 2008sampai Desember 2009. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelom-pok lengkap dengan 20 perlakuan genotipe tanaman dan tiga ulangan.Peubah yang dianalisis adalah jumlah buah panen selama 19 bulanberproduksi. Analisis ragam dilakukan secara gabungan antara 20 genotipedengan 19 lingkungan (umur tanaman) dan analisis stabilitas hasilmengikuti metode Eberhart dan Russel (1966). Hasil penelitian menunjuk-kan bahwa berdasarkan pada hasil jumlah buah panen selama 19 bulanberproduksi terdapat enam genotipe jarak pagar yang dapat diklasifikasi-kan ke dalam genotipe yang berdaya hasil tinggi dan stabil, yaitu PT7,PT13, PT14, PT15, PT33, dan 3189. Sedangkan MT7 dan HS49diklasifikasikan ke dalam genotipe berdaya hasil tinggi tetapi tidak stabil.Kata kunci : Jatropha curcas L., interaksi GxE, hasil, stabilitas hasilABSTRACTYield and yield stability of twenty genotypes of physic nut(Jatropha curcas L.) during nineteen months ofproductionGenotype and environment interaction (GxE) and yield stabilityanalysis of the genotypes is more important in plant breeding program.This experiment was carried out from May 2008 until December 2009 atPakuwon Experimental Station, Sukabumi, West Java with altitude about450 m above sea level, Latosol soil type and B climate type. The objectiveof this experiment was to analyze the yield and yield stability of 20genotypes of physic nut. Randomized complete block design with 20treatments of physic nut genotype and three replications was used in thisstudy, and the variabel observed was number of fruit harvested per month.Data were analyzed by combined analysis of variance and stabilityanalysis using Eberhart and Russel (1966) methods. Result showed thatbased on number of fruit harvested during 19 months production the PT7,PT13, PT14, PT15, PT33 and 3189 were classified as high yielding andstable genotypes. While, MT7 and HS49 were classified as high yieldingand unstable genotypes.Key words : Jatropha curcas L., GxE interaction, yield, yield stability.
PERBAIKAN TANAMAN KAPAS GENJAH MELALUI PERSILANGAN DIALLEL Sudarmadji Sudarmadji; Rusim Mardjono; Hadi Sudarmo
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 12, No 1 (2006): MARET 2006
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v12n1.2006.1-6

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan potensi hasil danmemperpendek umur panen kapas genjah melalui kombinasi hibrida (F 1 )dibandingkan dengan rata-rata kedua tetuanya. Penelitian dilakukan diKebun Percobaan Asembagus Kabupaten Situbondo mulai bulan Maretsampai Juli 2003. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompokdengan tiga ulangan yang terdiri dari 16 genotipe (4 tetua, 6 turunanpertama, 6 turunan pertama kebalikan). Keempat genotipe tetua adalah KI40, KI 74, KI 87 dan KI 121. 6 genotipe turunan pertama adalah KI 40 xKI 74, KI 40 x KI 87, KI 40 x KI 121, KI 74 x KI 87, KI 74 x KI 121 danKI 87 x KI 121, sedangkan 6 genotipe turunan pertama kebalikannyaadalah KI 74 x KI 40, KI 87 x KI 40, KI 87 x KI 74, KI 121 x KI 40, KI121 x KI 74 dan KI 121 x KI 87. Sifat-sifat yang diamati meliputi tinggitanaman, umur pertama bunga mekar, jumlah cabang generatif, jumlahbuah terpanen, umur panen pertama, umur panen terakhir dan hasil kapasberbiji. Data hasil penelitian ini dianalisis dengan analisis ragam padarancangan acak kelompok yang menghasilkan nilai Harapan KuadratTengah untuk asumsi Metode I dan Model I menurut GRIFFING (1956),sedangkan untuk mengetahui tinggi dan rendahnya daya gabung umum,khusus, dan pengaruh kebalikan dari efek tersebut menggunakan Model I(SINGH dan CHAUDHARY, 1979). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwatetua KI 40 merupakan penggabung yang baik karena memiliki dayagabung umum yang tinggi untuk parameter hasil kapas berbiji dan dayagabung umum yang rendah untuk parameter umur panen terakhir.Kombinasi persilangan genotipe KI 40 x KI 87 maupun genotipe KI 87 xKI 40 memiliki daya gabung khusus tinggi untuk parameter hasil kapasberbiji dan daya gabung khusus yang rendah pada parameter umur panenterakhir. Ini menunjukkan bahwa KI 40 dapat digunakan sebagai tetuabetina untuk memperbaiki produksi kapas berbiji dan persilangan antara KI40 x KI 87 adalah kombinasi terbaik untuk tujuan tersebut.Kata kunci : Kapas, Gossypium hirsutum, persilangan, hibrida, produksi,umur panen, Jawa TimurABSTRACTImprovement of cotton plant through diallel crossingThe objective of this research is to find out the yield potency and toshorten the harvest age of early maturity cotton through hybridcombinations compared with both parents. This research was conducted atAsembagus Research Station, Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber ResearchInstitute Crops (IToFRIC), from March to July 2003. The research used arandomized block design with three replications consisting of sixteengenotypes (four parents, six F 1 generations, and six reciprocal generations).The four parent genotypes were KI 40, KI 74, KI 87, and KI 121. The sixF 1 generation genotypes were KI 40 x KI 74, KI 40 x KI 87, KI 40 x KI121, KI 74 x KI 87, KI 74 x KI 121 and KI 87 x KI 121, while the six F 1reciprocal generations were KI 74 x KI 40, KI 87 x KI 40, KI 87 x KI 74,KI 121 x KI 40, KI 121 x KI 74 and KI 121 x KI 87. The charactersobserved were plant height, the first bloom of flowering date, number ofbranch, the harvested number of fruit, the first harvesting date, the lastharvesting date and cotton yield. The analysis used method I and model Iof GRIFFING (1956), while to evaluate general combining ability effect,specific combining ability effect, and reciprocal effect used model I ofSINGH and CHAUDHARY (1979). The research result indicated thatparent genotype KI 40 had high general combining values for cotton yieldparameter, and had low general combining values for last harvest age.Combinations of genotype crossing KI 40 X KI 87 and genotype of KI 87X KI 40 had high specific combining values for cotton yield, had lowspecific combining ability values for last harvest age. This indicated thatKI 40 can be used as parent to improve seed cotton yield, and the crossbetween KI 40 x KI 87 was the best combination for this purpose.Key words : Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, crossing, hybrid, production,harvest age, East Java
RESPON TEMBAKAU MADURA TERHADAP DUA TIPE PUPUK ORGANIK . MASTUR; A. S. A. MURDIYATI; . DJAJADI; . HERIISTIANA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 10, No 4 (2004): Desember, 2004
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v10n4.2004.142-148

Abstract

Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk menclaah pengaruh dua tipe pupuk organik yaitu pupuk organik dari hasil samping industri yang diperkaya atau selanjutnya disebut Pupuk Organik Diperkaya (POD) dan pupuk kandang dari kotoran sapi terhadap sifat fisik tanah, serapan hara, keragaan tanaman, hasil dan mutu tembakau madura. Percobaan dilakukan dari bulan April sampai September 2002. Percobaan lapang pada tanah tegal di Desa Guluk-guluk, Kecamatan Guluk-guluk, Kabupaten Sumenep. Per¬ lakuan tcrdiri dari sembilan kombinasi dosis (0-7 000 kg/ha) dan tipe pupuk organik (POD dan pupuk kandang) dengan empat ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa POD lebih unggul dalam kandungan hara dan pengaruhnya pada tembakau dibanding pupuk kandang. POD dapat meningkatkan kadar air tanah pada kapasitas lapang dan konsentrasi K dalam tanaman. Perlakuan terbaik adalah POD dosis 5 000 kg/ha dengan bobot daun rajangan kering 1 156 kg/ha, indeks mutu 73.4 dan indeks tanaman 77.2. POD dosis 1 000 kg/ha menghasilkan daun rajangan kering 849 kg/ha, indeks mutu 76.8 dan indeks tanaman 60.0. Dosis POD tersebut lebih baik dibanding pupuk kandang yang sama. Respon tembakau terhadap dosis POD 7 000 kg/ha lebih jelek dibanding 5 000 kg/ha.Kata kunci : Tembakau, Nicotiana tabacum L., pupuk organik, pupuk kandang, hasil mutu ABSTRACT Responses of madura tobacco to two types of organic fetilizersThe research was conducted to find out the effect of the Enriched Organic Fertilizer (POD) of industrial by product and Farmyard Manure (FYM) on soil physical properties, nutrient uptake, plant performance, yield, and quality of madura tobacco. Field experiment was conducted from April to September 2002 in upland ield of Guluk-guluk village, Guluk-guluk sub district, Sumenep. The research used randomized completely block design (RCBD) with 9 combinations of organic fertilizer kinds and dosages and 4 replications. The results showed that the POD gave higher effect and nutrient contents than that of FYM. The POD could increase the field capacity soil moisture and K biomass concentration. The best treatment of the POD was 5 000 kg/ha, which gave yield I 156 kg, dried sliced leaves/ha, quality index 73.4 and crop index 77.2. The application of the POD 1 000 kg/ha produced 849 kg dried sliced leaves/ ha, quality index 76.8, and crop index 60.0, which was better than that of FYM 5 000 kg/ha. The application of POD 7 000 kg/ha caused worse response of tobacco compared to that of 5 000 kg/ha.Key words : Tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum L. organic fetilizers, farmyard manure, yield, quality
PENGARUH PENGENCERAN MEDIA DASAR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN KULTUR JAHE DALAM PENYIMPANAN SECARA IN VITRO SITTI FATIMAH SYAHID; NURLIANI BERMAWIE
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 5, No 4 (2000): Maret, 2000
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v5n4.2000.115-118

Abstract

Effect of dilution of basic medium on ginger growth during conservation in vitroBasic medium dilution could affect the growth of the culture. The effect of basic medium dilution was evaluated at the laboratory of Research Institute for Spices and Medicinal Crops from October 1998 to June 1999. Sterile shoots of ginger were used as ex plants. Basic medium dilution from 3/4 MS, 1/2 MS, 1/4 MS and MS normal (control) were used as treatments. The media were enriched with BA 3 mg/1 and Sucrose 6%. The treatments wee arranged in a completely randomized design with three eplications. Results showed that all the dilution treatments inhibited the grow of the culture during live months of conservation period, especially on 1/4 MS + BA 3 mg/1 + Sucrose 6% . On the media, the number of shoots wee 3.55. Based on cultue performance the best medium for conservation was 1/2 MS + BA 3 mg/1 + Sucrose 6%. All of the culture was able to growth in regeneration media after they were conserved for ive months. Results of this experiment could be applied in reducing sub-cultue frequency to a new media and maintain the culture stability. e
PENGARUH PUPUK KISERIT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN KELAPA SAWIT DAN PRODUKTIVITAS TANAH A. KASNO; NURJAYA NURJAYA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 17, No 4 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v17n4.2011.133-139

Abstract

ABSTRAKPerluasan lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit lebih diarahkan padalahan-lahan di luar Pulau Jawa. Lahan yang tersedia bersifat marginalseperti pada tanah Ultisols dan Oxisols. Pada lahan tanah tersebut telahmengalami pencucian yang hebat karena curah hujan yang tinggi sehinggakadar hara Mg rendah. Sumber hara Mg yang banyak digunakan adalahpupuk kiserit (Mg dan S), dolomit (Ca dan Mg) dan pupuk majemuk.Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari peranan pupuk kiserit terhadappertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanah. Penelitian dilakukan di kebunpembibitan Cimulang, Kabupaten Bogor (PTP. Nusantara VIII), padaFebruari – Desember 2005. Tanah yang digunakan untuk penelitian adalahUltisols dan Oxisols. Rancangan menggunakan acak kelompok, 5perlakuan, ulangan 9 kali. Satu perlakuan terdiri dari satu tanaman bibitkelapa sawit. Pupuk Mg yang digunakan adalah kiserit powder 2 Pandadan kiserit yang telah beredar di pasaran sebagai standar. Dosis pupukkiserit yang dicoba: 0; 0,5; 1,0; dan 1,5 g/tanaman. Pupuk kiserit danpupuk dasar diberikan setiap 2 minggu sekali atau 12 kali pemberian.Pemupukan pertama diberikan pada umur 1 minggu, mulai pemupukan ke-2 dosis pupuk dikalikan 2, mulai minggu ke 10 dosis pupuk dikalikan 3,dan mulai minggu ke-18 dosis pupuk dikalikan 4. Contoh tanah bulk darilapang dikeringanginkan, diayak dengan saringan 2 mm, ditimbang 20 kgdan dimasukkan ke dalam polybag. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwapemupukan kiserit pada Ultisols dapat meningkatkan tinggi, jumlah daun,diameter batang, bobot kering tanaman bibit kelapa sawit, serta mening-katkan hara Mg dalam tanah dari 1,25 menjadi 3,04 me/100 g dan kadarMg dalam tanaman menjadi 0,31 g/100 g. Pemupukan kiserit pada Oxisolsmeningkatkan tinggi, jumlah daun, diameter batang, bobot kering tanamanbibit kelapa sawit, serta meningkatkan hara Mg dalam tanah dari 0,28menjadi 2,36 me/100 g dan kadar Mg dalam tanaman menjadi 0,34 g/100g.Dosis optimum pupuk kiserit pada Ultisols dan Oxisols sama yaitu 0,80 g/tanaman. Pengaruh pupuk kiserit terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawitdan produktivitas tanah sama dengan kiserit yang telah beredar di pasaransebagai standar.Kata kunci: Elaeis guineensis, pupuk kiserit, status hara Mg, pertumbuhantanaman, produktivitas tanahABSTRACTThe Effect of Kieserite Fertilizer to Oil Palm Growth andSoil ProductivityThe expansion of oil palm plantation is driven to outside JavaIsland. The available lands are marginal such as Ultisols and Oxisols,where intensive bleaching occurs for the high rate of rainfall, and causesthe low content of magnesium in such land. There are three sources used toprovide the Mg nutrient, such as kieserite (Mg and S), dolomite (Ca andMg) and compound fertilizer. The objective of this experiment was tostudy the effect of kieserite fertilizer on plant growth and soil productivity.This research was conducted in the seedling plot of Cimulang Site, BogorDistrict (PTP. Nusantara VIII) in February- December 2005 on Ultisolsand Oxisols using a randomized complete block design with 5 treatmentsand 9 replicates. One oil palm seedling was planted in each treatment. Thisexperiment used kieserite powder 2 Panda to provide Mg and ordinaryKieserite as the standard. The kieserite dosages were 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5g/plant. Fertilizing the plot was done every 2 weeks, using kieserite andbasic fertilizer or fertilizing 12 times, but the first fertilization was donewhen the plants reached 1 week of age. Starting on the second fertilization,the dosage was multiplied 2 times, and starting on the 10 th week, thedosage was multiplied 3 times, and starting on 18 th week the dosage offertilizing is multiplied 4 times. Bulk soil samples were air-dried, sievedpassing 2 mm siever, and put 20 kg into polybags. The research resultshowed that kieserite fertilization on Ultisols increased plant height,number of leaves, stems (leaf midrib) diameter, dry weight of biomass, Mgnutrient content in the soil (from 1.25 to 3.04 me/100 g), and alsoincreased the plant Mg content to become 0.31 g/100 g. In addition,kieserite fertilization on Oxisols increased plant height, number of leaves,stems (leaf midrib) diameter, plant dry weight of oil palm seedling, Mgnutrient content in the soil, (from 0.28 into 2.38 me/100 g), and increasedplant Mg content into 0.34 g/100 g. The optimum kieserite fertilizingdosage on Ultisols and Oxisols was just the same, i.e. 0.80 g/plant. Theeffect of these two kinds of kieserite to the plant growth and soilproductivity was just almost the same.Key words: Elaeis guineensis, kieserite fertilizer, Mg nutrient status, plantgrowth, soil productivity
PENGARUH VARIETAS DAN POLA TANAM KAPAS TERHADAP KELIMPAHAN POPULASI PREDATOR HAMA PENGISAP DAUN Amrasca biguttula (ISHIDA) IGAA. INDRAYANI; NURINDAH NURINDAH; SUJAK SUJAK
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 13, No 1 (2007): MARET 2007
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v13n1.2007.34-39

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenanaman varietas tahan hama adalah salah satu cara pengendalianserangga hama pengisap daun, A. biguttula, yang telah diadopsi petanikapas di Indonesia. Penggunaan varietas tahan hama cukup efektifmenekan serangan hama pengisap ini. Namun demikian, peluang adanyacara pengendalian alternatif patut dipertimbangkan, misalnya memanfaat-kan faktor mortalitas biotik A. biguttula, seperti musuh alami. Penelitianpengaruh varietas dan pola tanam kapas terhadap perkembangan populasipredator hama pengisap daun A. biguttula telah dilakukan di KebunPercobaan Asembagus, Situbondo, dan di laboratorium Entomologi BalaiPenelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat di Malang, mulai Januari sampaiDesember 2005. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruhperbedaan varietas dan pola tanam kapas terhadap perkembangan predatorA. biguttula. Perlakuan terdiri atas dua faktor, yaitu faktor I adalah varietaskapas dengan tingkat ketahanan terhadap A. biguttula berbeda-beda, yaitu:(1) TAMCOT SP37 (peka), (2) Kanesia 7 (moderat), dan (3) LRA 5166(tahan). Faktor II adalah pola tanam kapas, yaitu: (1) monokultur, dan (2)tumpangsari dengan kedelai. Setiap perlakuan disusun secara faktorialdengan rancangan petak terbagi (Split Plot) dengan tiga kali ulangan.Parameter pengamatannya adalah populasi nimfa A. biguttula danpredator. Di laboratorium dilakukan uji pemangsaan terhadap predatorterpilih dengan cara memberi umpan nimfa A. biguttula untuk mengetahuikemampuannya memangsa per hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwaperbedaan tingkat ketahanan varietas terhadap A. biguttula mempengaruhiperkembangan populasi kompleks predator. Lebih banyak predatorditemukan pada TAMCOT SP37 dan Kanesia 7 dibanding pada LRA5166. Sedangkan perbedaan pola tanam tidak menyebabkan perbedaanpopulasi predator. Kapas monokultur maupun tumpangsari dapatmenyediakan lingkungan ideal bagi perkembangan kompleks predator.Laba-laba dan Paederus sp. adalah predator yang populasinya lebihdominan  dibanding  predator lainnya.  Pada uji  pemangsaan dilaboratorium, Paederus sp. mampu memangsa 15-25 nimfa A. biguttulainstar kecil dan 10-20 instar besar, sedangkan laba-laba per harimemangsa 2-12 nimfa A. biguttula instar kecil dan besar.Kata kunci: Kapas, Gossypium hirsutum, hama, Amrasca biguttula,Paederus sp., nimfa, mortalitas biotik, varietas, pola tanam,Jawa TimurABSTRACTEffect of variety and cropping pattern of cotton onpopulation density of insect predator Amrasca biguttula(Ishida)Planting resistant variety of cotton is one of cultural method forcontrolling sucking insect pest, A. biguttula. This method has widely beenapplied by cotton farmers in Indonesia. Nevertheless, alternative controlshould also be found to obtain better control of this pest, e.g. biologicalcontrol by using parasitoids and predators. Study on effect of variety andcropping pattern of cotton to population density of insect predator of A.biguttula was carried out at Asembagus Experimental Station and inEntomology Laboratory of Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops Institutein Malang from January to December 2005. The objective of study was tostudy the effect of variety and cropping pattern of cotton to populationdensity of insect predators. Treatment consists of two factors. The firstfactor was cotton variety based on resistance to A. biguttula, viz.TAMCOT SP37, Kanesia 7, and LRA 5166 known susceptible,intermediate, and resistant to A. biguttula, respectively. The second factorwas cropping system with monoculture and intercropping with soybean.Each treatments was arranged in Split Plot Design with three replications.Parameter observed in field study were population of A. biguttula and itspredators. While, the laboratory study was to find out the daily preyability of selected predator by baiting nymph of A. biguttula.The result showed that difference resistance of cotton varietyinfluenced the population density of insect predator. More insect predatorswere found on TAMCOT SP37 and Kanesia 7 compared to LRA 5166,while the density of insect predator was not affected by different croppingpattern and it was due to the patterns provided better environment forinsect predator development. Spider and Paederus sp. were the dominantinsect predators found in the field because their population higher thanthose other predators. Laboratory study showed that Paederus sp. preyed15-25 younger and 10-20 older instar of nymph per day, while spider ate2-12 nymphs of both age of A. biguttula per day.Key words: Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, pest, Amrasca biguttula,Paederus sp., nymph, biotic mortality, variety, croppingpattern, East Java
PRODUKTIVITAS KELAPA HIBRIDA KHINA-1 DAN PB-121 DI LAHAN MINERAL DAN GAMBUT HELDERING TAMPAKE; WILY A. BARINGBING; H. T. LUNTUNGAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 8, No 3 (2002): September, 2002
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v8n3.2002.91-96

Abstract

Penelitian dilaksanakan pada lahan mineral dan lahan gambut Perkebunan Kelapa PT. Sac Nusantara di Kecamatan Mcsudji, Kabupaten Tulangbawang, Propinsi Lampung selama dua tahun (Juni 1999 - Juni 2001). lokasi penelitian terletak pada kelinggian 9 - 23 m dpi. dengan jenis tanah mineral yakni Podsolik Merah Kuning (PMK) dan lahan gambut rawa lebak yang tidak dipengaruhi pasang surul air laut. Curah hujan tahunan 2100 mm dengan 8 bulan basah dan 4 bulan kering. Jenis kelapa yang digunakan yakni kelapa hibrida PB-121 (MYDxWAT) dan KHINA-1 (GKNxDTA) yang ditanam tahun 1992 pada jarak tanam 9 m x 9 m segitiga. Penanaman menggunakan sistem blok yang luasnya antara 15 - 20 ha dan 10 blok diantaranya pada setiap ekosistem ditanami kelapa hibrida PB-121 dan KHINA-1. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan jenis hibrida sebagai perlakuan dan blok sebagai ulangan Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui produktivitas kelapa hibida PB-121 dan KHINA-1 skala pengembangan di lahan mineral dan gambut. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap sifat-sifat jumlah tandan/ph/Oi, jumlah buah/tandan, jumlah buah, berat daging dan berat kopra/ph/th selama 24 bulan panen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat intcraksi antara genolip x lingkungan tumbuh pada semua sifat. Jumlah landan/ph/th sangat dipengaruhi lingkungan tumbuh sedangkan jumlah buah/tandan. jumlah buah/ph/th, berat dagingphth dan berat kopra/ph/th dipengaruhi genolip lanaman. Di lahan gambut jumlah tandan/ph/th lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan lahan mineral, sedangkan jumlah buah/tandan, jumlah buah/ph/th, berat daging/ph/th dan berat kopra/ph/th kelapa hibrida KHINA-1 lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan PB-121, baik di lahan mineral maupun lahan gambut. Hal itu merupakan suatu indikasi bahwa KHINA-1 lebih adaliT terhadap berbagai lingkungan tumbuh.Kata kunci: Kelapa, produktivitas, kelapa hibrida, lahan mineral, lahan gambut ABSTRACTProductivity of hybrid coconut KHINA-1 and PB-121 in mineral and peat soilThis research was conducted in mineral and peat soil of PT. Sac Nusantara Coconut Plantation at Mesudji District, Tulangbawang Regency, Lampung Province for two years (June 1999 - June 2001). The altitudes were 9-23 meters above sea level, type of mineral soil is Red Yellow Podsolic (PMK) and peat soil of low lands wamps. 'The rainfalls were 2100 millimeters a year with 8 wet months and 4 dry mondis. The experiment used two coconut varieties i.e.: PB-121 (MYDxWAT) and KHINA-1 (GKNxDTA) hybrid, planted in 1992 with plant spacing 9 m x 9 m triangle. The plant planting used in block system were 15 - 20 Ha. a width and 10 blocks among these on each ecosystem planted PB-121 and KHINA-1 hybrids. The experiment was designed as a randomized block design with two hybrids as a treatment and blocks as replication. The objective of this study was to know the production of PB-121 and KHINA- 1 on a developed scale in mineral and peat soil. The observation character was done during 24 months to die number of bunch/palm/year, number of nut/bunch, total number of nut, weight of meat and weight of copra/ palm/year. Results of the experiment showed that there was genotype x environment interaction of die caracters observed. The number of bunch/ palm/year caused by environment conditions but the number of nut/ bunch, he total number of nut, weight of meal and weight of copra/palm/ycar were caused by genotype. On the peat soil, the total number of bunch/ palm/year higher than die mineral soil. The number of nuts/hunch. number of nuts.palm/year, weight of meat/palm/year and weight of copra/palm/ycar of the KHINA-1 in the peal soil were higher than those of PB-121 hybrid in mineral and peal soil. This indicated that KHINA-1 hybrid was more adaptive to the cnvironmcnl conditions.Key words : Coconut, productivity, hybrid coconut, mineral soil, peat soil
PENAMBAHAN KLORIDA DAN BAHAN ORGANIK PADA BEBERAPA JENIS TANAH UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT A. KASNO; DEDI SOLEH EFFENDI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 19, No 2 (2013): Juni 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v19n2.2013.78-87

Abstract

ABSTRAKKelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis) berkembang pesat di Indonesiadan  penggunaan  pupuk  meningkat.  Pada  awalnya  pupuk  KClmemperhitungkan hara K, namun diketahui hara Cl juga merupakan haramikro esensial. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari penambahan Cl danbahan organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan kadar Cl dalam tanaman danakar kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Balai PenelitianTanah, Bogor, tahun 2011. Contoh tanah diambil dari Cinangneng, Bogor(Inceptisols), Cigudeg, Bogor (Oxisols), Kentrong, Lebak (Ultisols), danSumatera Selatan (Gambut). Bibit kelapa sawit varietas Avros umur tigabulan ditanam dalam polibag dan dipanen setelah berumur 8 bulan.Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah, dengan petak utamaempat jenis tanah, dan empat anak petak, yaitu (1) Kontrol (-Cl), (2) KCl,(3) NPK, dan (4) KCl + bahan organik. Setiap perlakuan diulang 4 kali.Parameter yang diamati tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, bobot keringtanaman dan akar, analisis Cl dalam tanah, daun, dan akar. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa pemberian Cl menurunkan pertumbuhan bibit kelapasawit pada Oxisols, namun meningkatkan pada Inceptisols, Ultisols, danGambut. Pemberian bahan jenis organik nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhankelapa sawit pada ke empat tanah. Pemberian hara Cl tidak meningkatkanbobot kering tanaman kelapa sawit pada Inceptisols, Oxisols, dan Gambut,namun meningkatkan bobot kering tanaman pada Ultisols. Pemberian haraCl meningkatkan bobot kering akar tanaman kelapa sawit pada ke empatjenis tanah, namun meningkatkan kadar Cl dalam akar kelapa sawit,sedangkan pemberian hara Cl tidak meningkatkan kadar Cl dalam daun,kecuali pada Oxisols. Pemberian bahan organik menurunkan kadar Cldalam daun pada Ultisols dan tanah Gambut.Kata kunci: bahan organik, Elaeis guineensis, jenis tanah, klorida,pertumbuhanABSTRACTOil palm (Elaeis guineensis) was growing rapidly in Indonesiaand fertilizers use increased. Initially KCl were calculated as K nutrient,but it is known that Cl is also an essential micronutrients. The researchaimed at studying the Cl and organic matter application on growth and Clcontent in plants and roots of oil palm. The study was conducted in thegreenhouse of Soil Research Institute, Bogor, in 2011. Soil samples weretaken from Cinangneng, Bogor (Inceptisols), Cigudeg, Bogor (Oxisols),Kentrong, Lebak (Ultisols) and South Sumatra (Peat). AVROS varieties ofoil palm seedlings used 3 months being planted in polybags and harvestedafter 8 months. The experiment design used was split plot design, withfour soil types as main plot, and four sub plots e.i. (1) Control (-Cl), (2)KCl, (3) NPK, and (4) KCl + organic matter. Every treatment repeatedfour times. Parameters observed are plant height, stem diameter, plant androot dry weight and Cl analysis in soil, leaves, and roots. The resultshowed that Cl application decreasing oil palm growth in Oxisols. Organicmatter application siqnificant increase of oil palm growth on the fourthsoil. The application of Cl nutrient did not increase the dry weight of plantin Inceptisols, Oxisols, and Peat soil, but increased the dry weight of plantson Ultisols. The application of Cl did not increase root dry weight in thefour soils, but increased Cl content in the roots in the four soil. While theapplication of Cl did not increase of Cl content in leaves, except inOxisols. Organic matter application can reduce the content of Cl in theleaves on the Ultisols and Peat soil.Key words: organic matter, Elaeis guineensis, soil type, chloride, growth
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KERAPATAN POPULASI KEPIK RENDA, Diconocoris hewetti (Dist) (HEMIPTERA : TINGIDAE) DAN KEHILANGAN HASIL PADA TANAMAN LADA I WAYAN LABA; A. RAUF; U. KARTOSUWONDO U. KARTOSUWONDO; M. SOEHARDJAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 11, No 1 (2005): Maret 2005
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v11n1.2005.1-6

Abstract

ABSTRAKKepik renda, Diconocoris hewetti (Dist) (Hemiptera : Tingidae)merupakan salah satu hama yang menyerang tanaman lada di Indonesia.Hama ini mengisap bunga lada, dan dapat menggagalkan pembuahan.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kerapatanpopulasi D. hewetti dan kerusakan bunga serta pembentukan buah padaberbagai fase bunga. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca dan kebunpercobaan Petaling BPTP Kepulauan Bangka Belitung pada musim hujan(Nopember 2003 – Pebruari 2004). Penelitian rumah kaca menggunakanlada perdu varietas LDL umur ± 1 tahun. Kerapatan populasi nimfa instar5 dan imago masing-masing 0,1 dan 2 per tandan bunga masing-masingpada 3 fase bunga. Periode mengisap bunga selama 24 jam. Rancanganpercobaan yang digunakan adalah acak lengkap dengan pola faktorial dandiulang 5 kali. Percobaan lapangan menggunakan varietas LDL, umur ± 6tahun. Populasi imago 0, 1, 2, 3, dan 4 per 4 tandan bunga masing-masingpada 3 fase bunga. Periode mengisap bunga selama 72 jam. Untuk nimfamenggunakan kerapatan populasi 0, 1, 2, dan 3 per tandan. Pemaparanserangga selama 24 jam. Rancangan percobaan untuk nimfa menggunakanacak kelompok dengan pola faktorial dan diulang 5 kali, sedangkan untukimago juga menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan pola faktorialdan diulang 6 kali. Parameter yang diamati adalah persentase kerusakanbunga, buah terbentuk, buah yang tidak terbentuk dan kehilangan hasil.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata antara kerapatanpopulasi kepik renda dengan kerusakan bunga lada dan pembentukanbuah. Pada kerapatan 2 ekor nimfa maupun imago menunjukkankerusakan bunga dan kehilangan hasil yang paling tinggi. Kerusakanbunga dan pembentukan buah akibat serangan imago dan nimfa tidakmenunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata. Tingkat kerusakan bunga di rumahkaca antara 67,00–87,89%, sedangkan di lapangan antara 61,10–85,30%,disebabkan oleh imago kepik renda, dan 71,00-93,30% oleh nimfa.Kehilangan hasil di rumah kaca antara 55,07–83,04%, sedangkan dilapangan antara 35,30–82,89%, disebabkan oleh imago, sedangkan olehnimfa berkisar antara 73,24–89,05%. Tingkat kerusakan bunga lebih tinggipada fase 1 dan 2 dibandingkan dengan fase 3. Hasil penelitian inimemberikan indikasi bahwa serangan oleh satu ekor nimfa maupun imagokepik renda mengakibatkan kerusakan bunga minimal 61,10% dankehilangan hasil minimal 35,30%.Kata kunci : Lada, Piper nigrum, hama, Diconocoris hewetti, kerusakanbunga, kehilangan hasilABSTRACTRelationship between the population densities of blossomsucking lace bug Diconocoris hewetti (Dist) (Hemiptera;Tingidae) and yield losses on pepper plantationBlossom sucking lace bug, Diconocoris hewetti (Dist) (Hemiptera;Tingidae) is one of the pest insect attacking pepper in Indonesia. This pestinsect sucks pepper blossom liquid and disturb fruit formation. Theobjective of this experiment was to find out the relationship between thepopulation densities of blossom sucking lace bug, D. hewetti and flowerdamage, number of fruits formed and yield losses of pepper at variousflower phases. These studies were conducted in a green house and pepperplantation in the Institute of Assessment Agricultural Technology, BangkaBelitung Island during rainy season (November 2003 to February 2004).The green house research used bushy pepper more or less 1 year old. Thelace bug of the last instar or 5 th instar nymph and adult were used atpopulation density : 0, 1 and 2 insects/bunch in 3 blossom phasesrespectively. Feeding period of lace bug was 24 hours. Design of thisexperiment was completely randomized with factorial design and 5replications. Field study used LDL pepper variety with aged ± 6 years.The population densities of adult lace bug were: 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 per 4bunches on 3 types of pepper blossom phases respectively. Feeding periodof lace bug was 72 hours. Field study also used last instar nymph withpopulation density : 0, 1, 2 and 3/bunch. Feeding period was 24 hours.Randomized block design with factorial and 5 replications were used oninstar nymph, while on the adult stadium randomized block design withfactorial and 6 replications were also used. The intensity of flowerdamage, fruits formed, fruits unformed and yield losses were counted. Theresult revealed that the number of fruits formed and yield losses weresignificantly different among population density of lace bug. Thepopulation densities of two lace bug caused higher flower damage andyield losses than other population densities. Flowers damage, fruitsformation and yield losses caused by nymph and adult were notsignificantly different. The level of flower damage in green houseobservation was between 67.00 – 87.89%, while in the field was between61.10 – 85.30% caused by adult, and 71.00 – 93.30% caused by nymph.Yield loss of pepper was 55.07 – 83.04% in the green house, while theyield losses in the field was 35.30 – 82.89% due to the attack of adult.Yield loss caused by nymph was 73.24 – 89.05%. The level of flowerdamage on phases 1 and 2 were higher than the flower damage of phase3. This research indicated that the attack of one adult or one nymph oflace bug, D. hewetti caused flower damage minimum 61.10% and yieldloss minimum 35.30%.Key words : Pepper, Piper nigrum, pest insect, Diconocoris hewetti,flower damage, yield loss

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