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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (JLITTRI) aims to publish primary research articles of current research topics, not simultaneously submitted to nor previously published in other scientific or technical ojournals. General review articles will not be accepted. The journal maintains strict standards of content, presentation,and reviewing. SCOPE The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of agricultural science in Indonesia including: Estate crops; Soil science; Climate science; Agronomy; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genetic resources; Plant pathology; Plant physiology; Entomology; Farming system; Postharvest technology; Socio-economic agriculture; Environment; Agricultural extension. The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles. Since the year of 2017, the jurnal is published twice a year in (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 504 Documents
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KERAGAMAN MORFOFISIOLOGI TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT DI LAHAN GAMBUT / Morphophysiology Performances of Oil Palm on Peat Land . MARLINA; MERY HASMEDA; RENIH HAYATI; DWI PUTRO PRIADI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 23, No 2 (2017): Desember, 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v23n2.2017.98-104

Abstract

Oil palm plant (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) has been extensively cultivated on peat land. The aim of this research was to evaluate morpho-physiology and yield of six years old SJ2 variety. The research was conducted on 2,5 until 4 metres depth, hemiks and in land peat at Muara Enim District, South Sumatera, from May 2012 –January 2013. The design of research was on Randomized Block Designed, with one treatment. The treatment was the trunk apperiance, base on slope degrees between the trunk and soil surface, and 2 replications. The trunk appearances based on degree of slope between the trunk and soil surface, composed of: upright (900), moderate slope (600 ≤ angel < 900), high slope (leaning) (450 ≤ angel <600), and lay down (toppling)(00). The result showed the upright and moderate slope plants had narrow leaflets, short and few frond, low LAI (2,53 and; 2,73) and high primary root population density. The leaned and the toppled plants had broad leaflets; high LAI (6,15 and; 4,33); high root surface area density of secondary root; high root dry weight and low primary root population density. The upright plants had better growth quality than the leaned and toppled plants, with low in leaf Al concentration 105,05 ppm and leaf N : P ratio 13,95 and high yield 2,43 kg FFB /plant /harvest on the first year.Keywords: Elaeis guineensis Jacq., morpho-physiology, peat land, performance. AbstrakTanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) sebagian besar ditanam di lahan gambut. Tujuan penelitian mengevaluasi morfo-fisiologi pertumbuhan dan hasil berdasarkan keragaan tanaman kelapa sawit varietas SJ2 umur 6 tahun. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Muara Enim, Sumatera Selatan, pada lahan gambut dengan kedalaman antara 2,5 sampai 4 meter, hemiks dan in land pada Mei 2012 sampai Januari tahun 2013. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok, satu perlakuan. Perlakuannya adalah ketegakan tanaman kelapa sawit var. SJ2 umur 6 tahun berdasarkan nilai 0 sudut yang terbentuk antara batang dengan permukaan gambut, dengan ulangan sebanyak 2 kali. Perlakuan perbedaan kenampakan tegak batang, yaitu: tegak (900 ), agak miring (600 ≤ sudut < 900 ), sangat miring (450 ≤ sudut < 6 0 ), dan roboh (00 ). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tanaman dengan keragaan tegak dan agak miring memiliki anak daun sempit, pelepah pendek dan sedikit dengan ILD rendah 2,53 dan 2,73, serta densitas populasi akar primer tinggi. Tanaman yang sangat miring dan rebah memiliki anak daun luas; ILD tinggi 6,15 dan 4,33; densitas luas area permukaan akar sekunder dan bobot kering populasi akar tinggi, tetapi densitas populasi akar primer rendah. Tanaman dengan keragaan yang tegak lebih mempunyai kualitas pertumbuhan yang lebih tinggi dibanding yang sangat miring maupun rebah, dengan konsentrasi Al daun 105,05 ppm maupun rasio N : P daun 13,95 yang rendah. Hasil TBS tertinggi 2,43 kg/tanaman/panen di tahun pertama pada tanaman dengan keragaan tegak.Kata kunci: Elaeis guineensis Jacq., keragaan, lahan gambut, morfo-fisiologi.
PENGARUH PROSES M EMBRAN U LTRAFILTRASI DAN ULTRAVIOLET TERHADAP KOMPOSISI GIZI, SIFAT FISIKOKIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK MINUMAN AIR KELAPA / The Effects of Ultrafiltration and Ultraviolet Process on Nutritional Composition, Physicochemical and Organoleptic SARI INTAN KAILAKU; BUDI SETIAWAN; AHMAD SULAEMAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 22, No 1 (2016): Maret, 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v22n1.2016.43-51

Abstract

The obstacle in developing coconut water-based product is its easily altered properties. Ultrafiltration and ultraviolet processing are potential to obtain a longer shelf life for coconut water drink without altering its nutritional values and unique organoleptic properties, unlike other processing techniques e.g. pasteurization and ultra high temperature. Shelf-life estimation experiment showed that ultrafiltration-and- ultraviolet-processed coconut water without any addition of food additives can be stored for 51 days in 00C. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of ultrafiltration and ultraviolet treatments on the nutritional, physicochemical and organoleptic properties of coconut water drink. The experiments were carried out at Food Analysis Laboratory, Indonesian Center of Agricultural Postharvest Research and Development, on January-April 2015. Coconut water was flown through the ultrafiltration membrane unit and ultraviolet light unit, samples were collected in three repetitions. Nutritional composition and physicochemical properties of fresh coconut water (FCW) and coconut water drink obtained from ultrafiltration and ultraviolet process (CUU) were evaluated and compared. Organoleptic analysis was done by 20 panelists, observations included quality hedonic (aroma, sweetness, saltiness, sourness and turbidity), and acceptance (preferance and ranking test), comparing FCW and CUU with commercial coconut water drink (CWD). CUU showed indistinguishable nutritional composition and physicochemical characteristics from FCW (p>0,05), except on total sugar (p=0,049), clarity (p=0,001), L* (lightness) (p=0,000) and b* (yellowish) (p=0,002). Panelists gave CUU a statistically equal rank to FCW, and better than CWD. The organoleptic characteristics of CUU were concluded as relatively same in saltiness and aroma as FCW, and less intense in sweetness and turbidity compared to CWD. After 10 days storage, panelists level of liking was higher for CUU compared to CWD in color (p=0,004) and general appearance (p=0,016).Keywords: coconut water, nutritional composition, organoleptic properties ultrafiltration, ultraviolet
PENAWARAN EKSPOR PANILI INDONESIA NYAK ILHAM; SRI HASTUTI SUHARTINI; BONAR M. M. SINAGA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 10, No 2 (2004): Juni 2004
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v10n2.2004.41-50

Abstract

Panili Indonesia sudah dikenal di pasar intenasional dengan nama Java Vanilla Beans dengan kualitas yang cukup baik. Masalahnya mampukah Indonesia mempertahankan kontinuitas penawarannya sesuai dengan kualitas yang diinginkan pasar. Penelitian ini betujuan mcnganalisis: (1) kinerja penawaran atau produksi melalui peilaku luas areal dan produktivitas tanaman panili; (2) peilaku penawaran ekspor komoditas panili ke Jcrman dan Amerika Seikat (AS); dan (3) peilaku harga domestik dan harga ekspor komoditas panili. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sckundcr rentang waktu (lime series) tahunan: 1975 - 2000 pada tingkat nasional dan intenasional. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan ckonometik dengan metode 2SLS. Hasil analisis menyimpul- kan: (1) luas tanam menghasilkan dipengaruhi oleh upah tenaga kerja secara ncgatif dalam jangka pendek luas tanaman menghasilkan belum rcsponsif terhadap perubahan tingkat upah, akan tetapi dalam jangka panjang menjadi responsif, (2) produktivitas panili dipengaruhi secara positif oleh harga panili domestik, namun produktivitas tidak rcsponsif terhadap perubahan harga; (3) ekspor panili Indonesia ke Jcrman dan AS dipengaruhi oleh ekspor tahun sebelumnya. Hal ini menginformasikan bahwa kegiatan ekspor tersebut terkait dengan kepcrcayaan antara ekspotir Indonesia dengan importir Jerman dan AS; (4) transmisi harga ekspor ke harga yang diteima petani sangat lemah, sementara transmisi harga dunia ke harga ekspor cukup erat Hal ini dapat dilihat dai tidak adanya pengaruh harga ekspor terhadap harga domestik, sedangkan harga ekspor sangat dipengaruhi oleh harga dunia; (5) upaya pengembangan panili di Indonesia lebih diarahkan pada peningkatan kualitas hasil, perluasan tanaman yang berlcbihan hendaknya memperhatikan kecenderungan permintaan ekspor; (6) untuk menjaga pangsa pasar panili Indonesia di pasar intenasional hendaknya tetap meningkatkan daya saing, baik dai segi kualitas maupun harga.Kata kunci: Panili, ekspor, Java vanilla, Indonesia, penawaranABSTRACTIndonesian Vanilla ExpotsIndonesian vanilla, Java Vanilla Beans, is widely known in intenational market. It is also regarded as high quality vanilla. The main concen for Indonesian expoters is to fulill the continuity of the supply for the quality as demanded. This study aims to analyze: (1) the effects of acreage and yields on supply and production of Indonesian vanilla; (2) the exports of Indonesian vanilla to Germany and the U.S.; (3) the domestic pices and export prices of Indonesian vanilla. This study used secondary data, time series rom 1975 to 2000 both national and intenational data. Econometric analyses using 2SLS was used in this study. The results are as follow: (1) the wages have negative effects on the acreage, in the shot run the acreage does not respond to wage changes; however, in the long run it does respond to wage changes; (2) the domestic prices positively affect on the yields, however, yields do not respond to price changes; (3) the previous expots affect on the current exports to Germany and the U.S., it shows that there is a cetain relationship between Indonesian expoters and German and the U.S. importers; (4) the expot pices weakly transmit to farmer level prices, moreover, intenational prices strongly transmit to the expot prices. It is shown by the absence of the effects of the expot pices on the domestic prices. Meanwhile intenational prices highly affects on the export prices; (5) the efforts to develop vanilla industry in Indonesia are concentrated on increasing quality of Indonesian vanilla, the addition of the acreage should consider the expot demand; (6) competitiveness of Indonesian vanilla should be maintained and improved to sustain and gain the market share.Key words : Vanilla, Java vanilla, Indonesia, expot, supply
PENERAPAN PAKET TEKNOLOGI TUMPANGSARI KAPAS DAN KEDELAI PADA LAHAN SAWAH SESUDAH PADI MOCH. SAHID; NURHERU NURHERU; S. A. WAHYUNI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 5, No 1 (1999): Juni, 1999
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v5n1.1999.25-30

Abstract

Application of technology package of cotton intercropped with soybean in paddy field after riceThe research was conducted in Mantup Village, Larnongan from Feb¬ ruary to July 1998. The objective of the research was: (1) to know the farmers' adoption level of the recommended technologies, and (2) to increase the income of cotton farmers The research covered 30.47 hectaes and 83 cooperative fanners. For comparison, the other 29 IKR farmers surrounding the area were also involved The components of technology that are recom¬ mended for the cooperative farmers include the usage of delinted seeds and the appropiate vaiety of cotton (ISA 205) and soybean (Wins), simultaneous planting ight away after ice, proper application of watering aid fertilization and application of fPM for cotton intercropped with soybean. The observa- tions were made for the number of farmers who applied the recommended technologies, production inputs and their price, the use of labor, production of cotton and soybean. Data analysis was done as per tabulation and enter¬ pise The average of farmers' adoption level of the recommended technology was around 89%. The productivity of cotton and soybean obtained by cooperative farmers were 1 630 kg/ha and 747 kg/ha. respectively. These were higher than those of IKR farmers wbo obtained 1212 kg/ha and 735 kgAia for cotton and soyben. respectively The income of cooperative farmers was Rp 1 901 300 and of DCS farmers was Rp I 197 825 Therefore, the cooperative farmers have a higher income than that of OCR fanners, i.e. Rp 703 475 or 58.73%.
POTENSI BEBERAPA JENIS TUMBUHAN LIAR SEBAGAI SUMBER INFESTASI HeUcoverpa armigera Hbn. PADA TANAMAN TEMBAKAU DELI . NURINDAH; . SUJAK
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 9, No 2 (2003): Juni, 2003
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v9n2.2003.48-54

Abstract

Penelitian ketahanan hidup serangga hama pcmakan daun tembakau deli HeUcoverpa armigera (Ix'pidoplera: Noetuidac) dilakukan di pertanaman tembakau deli, Medan selama tahun 1999. Penelitian meliputi dua kegiatan. yailu kegiatan lapang dan laboratorium. Kegiatan lapang terdiri atas identifikasi dan padal populasi tumbuhan liar selama tidak ada petanaman tembakau deli (Agustusl)cscmbcr), seta pada padat populasi // armigera pada tumbuhan tersebul Penelitian laboratorium meliputi ketahanan hidup dan kcragaan reproduksi // armigera pada tumbuhan inang Selama tidak ada petanaman lembakau cerutu deli, serangga hama pcmakan daun ini bertahan hidup sedikitnya pada 10 spesies tumbuhan liar yang terdapat di sekitar lahan petanaman lembakau deli Pada umumnya, ketahanan hidup pada tumbuhan liar tersebut lebih rendah (30-70%) dibandingkan kalau hidup pada tanaman lembakau Walaupun larva //. armigera dapat menggunakan Ageratum conyzoides, Amaranthus spinosus. Mimosa pigra, dan M, pudica sebagai tanaman inangnya. tetapi serangga ini tidak dapal mencapai dewasa Pada tanaman Phylunthus amarus dan Euphorbia hirta. keperidian (masa reproduksi. fckunditas dan lertililas lelur yang dihasilkan) //. armigera lebih baik (masing-masing 1 190 dan 1 1 59 butir) danpada individu yang hidup pada tanaman tembakau (949 butir). tetapi fctililas telur yang dihasilkan lidak berbeda (masing-masing 84%) Pemanfaatan tumbuhan liar, terutama /.'. hirta, oleh //. armigera selama tidak ada petanaman tembakau deli berpotensi sebagai sumber infestasi hama ini pada tanaman tembakau deli pada musim tanam bcrikutnya.Kata kunci: Tembakau deli, HeUcoverpa armigera, ketahanan hidup, tumbuhan liar ABSTRACT Potency of wild plants as infestation sources of Hclicoverpa armigera on deli tobacco plants Research on the survival of tobacco budworm HeUcoverpa armigera (l-epidoptcra: Noetuidac) was conducted in deli tobacco field, Medan, in 1999 The research consisted of ield and laboratory activities. Field activity was conducted by observing wild plants used by //. armigera for surviving during off-season of deli tobacco This activity included identiication of the plants, population density in the area and larval population on the plants Laboratory activity included the effects of the wild plants on the budworm survival and reproduction performance During off-season of deli tobacco. //. armigera survives on, al least, 10 species of wild plants surrounding the tobacco ield In general, the survival of //. armigera on the wild plants was lower (30-70%) than that on tobacco Although larvae of //. armigera used A. conyzoides, A. spinosus. M. pigra, and M. pudica as their host plants, the insect failed to reach adult stage. The use of P. amarus and E. hirta by //. armigera as host plants resulted in a higher fecundity (1 190 and 1 159 eggs, respectively) than those of tobacco (949 eggs), however the fetility of the eggs was not different (84%). The use of wild plants by //. armigera, especially E. hirta during off-season of deli tobacco could be a potential infestation source of the pest on tobacco ield in the next season.Key words: Deli tobacco, HeUcoverpa armigera, survival rate, wild plants
PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN GAMBIR TERHADAP HAMA TERONG KB, Epilachna varivestis MULSANT ADRIA ADRIA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 4, No 4 (1998): November, 1998
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v4n4.1998.103-108

Abstract

Effect of gambir leaf extract on the terong KB pest Epilachna varivestis MulsantThe utilization of synthetic insecticides to control pests has caused some problems, so that it is necessary to ind out some biopesticides to control diem. The chemical contents of the gambire plant (Uncaria gambir Roxb) are katcchine. tanin catecu (tannat), flouresine, and kucrsitine These chemical contents are potential for biopesticide. Therefore, research on the application of gambire leaf extract on the pest of terong KB was conducted in IPPTB I.aing, Solok, West Sumatera. The research used a completely randomized design with five replications. The treatments were gambire leaf extract at the concentrations of 250, 500, I 000, 1 500 ppm, and 0 ppm (without leaf extract as the control), lbe results of the research indicated that gambire leaf extract has an insecticide charactic on E varivestis, whee the most efective concentration was I 500 ppm which caused larvae mortality at I, II, III, IV instars, and imago 52.20% 50.40% 40.80% 36.80% and 11 35%. Besides, it also caused the decease in egg hatches and the change of pupae into imagoes of about 32.59% and 37.98% respectively. The efect of the leaf concentrations above resulted in the lie cycle period of the pest, eating habit of the larvae and ecundity level of the imagoes.
DISPERSION PATTERN OF Helopeltis antonii Signoret (HEMIPTERA:MIRIDAE) ON CASHEW PLANTATION SISWANTO SISWANTO; RITA MUHAMAD; DZOLKHIFLI OMAR; ELNA KARMAWATI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 14, No 4 (2008): Desember 2008
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v14n4.2008.149-154

Abstract

ABSTRACTHelopeltis antonii is one of the major pests in most cashew growingareas in Indonesia. The pest attacks cashew plants in the nursery and alsoin the fields which caused significant damage. Apart of cashew the insectshave a lot of alternate host plants such as tea, cocoa, neem, pepper,mangoes, jamboes, etc. This research was aimed at investigating thedispersion pattern of H. antonii in cashew plantation. The research wasconducted in smallholder cashew plantation in Ngadirejo, Wonogiri,Indonesia from March 2004 to May 2006. The observation of H. antoniipopulation was carried out on 60 sample plants which selectedsystematically in about 2 ha cashew plantation area every two weeks.Distribution analysis using various indices of dispersion and regressionmodels was applied to evaluate the dispersion of H. antonii in cashewplantation. The result shows that variance to mean ratio (s 2 / x ), χ2, Lloydmean crowding, Green’s coefficient of dispersion and Taylor’s power lawindicate aggregated distribution when the population is high duringflushing-flowering seasons of cashew plants, and it indicates regular orrandom distribution when the population is low during post-floweringseasons. The aggregated distribution on cashew plants indicated that thereis a preferency to food sources of the plants and an individual behaviour toaggregate. Therefore, sampling and monitoring H. antonii in cashewplantation should be carried out systematically during flushing-floweringseasonsKey words: Cashew,  Anacardium  occidentale,  pest  management,Helopeltis antonii, dispersion, Central JavaABSTRAKPola sebaran Helopeltis antonii Signoret (Hemiptera:Miridae) pada pertanaman jambu meteHelopeltis antonii merupakan salah satu hama utama tanamanjambu mete yang ditemukan hampir di setiap area pengembangan mete diIndonesia. Hama ini menyerang tanaman jambu mete sejak pembibitanhingga di lapangan dengan kerusakan yang cukup signifikan. Selain jambumete, serangga ini juga mempunyai banyak inang alternatif antara lain teh,kakao, mimba, lada,mangga, jambu air dll. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenentukan sebaran serangga tersebut, khususnya sebaran horizontal padapertanaman jambu mete. Penelitian dilakukan di pertanaman jambu metemilik petani di daerah Ngadirejo, Wonogiri, Indonesia dari Maret 2004sampai Mei 2006. Pengamatan populasi H. antonii dilakukan pada 60tanaman sampel yang dipilih secara sistematik pada area pertanamanjambu mete seluas kurang lebih 2 ha setiap 2 minggu sekali. Hasil analisismenggunakan beberapa indek pengelompokan dan model regresi yaiturasio keragaman terhadap rata-rata (s 2 / x ), χ2,rata-rata pengelompokandari Lloyd, koefisien sebaran dari Green dan hukum kekuatan Taylormenunjukkan penyebaran yang mengelompok jika populasi tinggi selamamusim pembentukan tunas dan pembungaan jambu mete, dan merata atauacak jika populasi rendah sesudah musim pembungaan. Pengelompokan H.antonii pada tanaman jambu mete menunjukkan adanya ketertarikan padaketersediaan makanan pada tanaman jambu mete dan perilaku individuserangga tersebut. Oleh karena itu untuk pengambilan sampel danpengamatan serangga tersebut sebaiknya dilakukan secara sistematis padasaat musim pembentukan tunas dan pembungaan.Kata kunci: Jambu mete, Anacardium occidentale, pengendalian hama,Helopeltis antonii, sebaran, Jawa Tengah
PELUANG PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS KELAPA SAWIT RAKYAT DI PROVINSI LAMPUNG BARIOT HAFIF; Rr. ERNAWATI; YULIA PUJIARTI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 20, No 2 (2014): Juni 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v20n2.2014.101-109

Abstract

ABSTRAKProduktivitas kelapa sawit rakyat di Provinsi Lampung masih relatifrendah dibanding potensi produktivitas optimal. Berkenaan dengan hal itu,dari bulan Februari sampai dengan September 2012 dilakukan kajiandengan tujuan mengidentifikasi karakteristik agroekologi dan teknispengelolaan kebun kelapa sawit rakyat yang berpeluang diperbaiki agarproduktivitas kebun kelapa sawit rakyat meningkat. Kebun kelapa sawitrakyat yang diidentifikasi dipilih secara acak di tujuh kabupaten diProvinsi Lampung. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei danwawancara petani. Rata-rata produksi tandan buah segar (TBS) kebunkelapa sawit rakyat di Lampung masih rendah (15 ton/hektar/tahun).Produksi ini berpeluang ditingkatkan melalui penerapan teknologi yangdapat mengatasi sifat-sifat agroekologi sebagai faktor pembataspertumbuhan dan produksi kelapa sawit, seperti ketersediaan air, retensihara, dan bahaya erosi. Teknologi yang dibutuhkan untuk mengatasikendala tersebut antara lain membangun irigasi suplemen, meningkatkankemampuan tanah dalam menyimpan air, memperbanyak penggunaanbahan organik dan kapur, serta mengaplikasikan teknologi konservasitanah dan air. Produktivitas kebun kelapa sawit rakyat akan berpeluangmeningkat  seiring  dengan  bertambahnya  umur  tanaman,  sertameningkatnya penggunaan pupuk organik untuk tanaman yang telahmenghasilkan (TM) dan pupuk NPK untuk tanaman belum menghasilkan(TBM). Pembinaan petani perlu diintensifkan untuk meningkatkankesadaran petani akan pentingnya memupuk TBM. Hasil analisismengindikasikan bahwa pemupukan NPK untuk TBM berkorelasi positifdengan produktivitas kelapa sawit.Kata kunci: Elaeis guineensis Jacq., agroekologi, pengelolaan kebunkelapa sawit rakyat, produktivitasABSTRACTProductivity of smallholder oil palm in Lampung province is stillrelatively low compared to the potential for optimal productivity. A studywas conducted with regard to that, from February to September 2012 toidentify the agroecological characteristics and technical management ofsmallholder oil palm plantations that likely to be improved in order toincrease the productivity of oil palm of smallholder. Smallholderplantations studied were randomly selected, each 1 sites in seven districtsin Lampung Province and data collection was conducted through surveysand interviews of farmers. Average production of fresh fruit bunches(FFB) of smallholder oil palm plantations in Lampung are still low (15tons/hectare/year). The production is likely to be enhanced through theapplication of technology that is able to cope with the nature ofagroecology as the constraints of growth and production of oil palm,namely the availability of water, nutrient retention, and erosion hazard.The technology needed to overcome the obstacles include supplementingirrigation, increasing the soil's ability to store water, multiplying the useof organic materials and lime, and applying soil and water conservationtechnologies. Besides that, oil palm productivity of smallholder likelyincrease, along with the increasing age of the plant, the growing use oforganic fertilizer for plants that have produced (TM) and NPK fertilizerfor immature plants (TBM). Development of farmers needs to beintensified to increase farmers' awareness of the importance of fertilizingthe TBM. The results of the analysis indicated that NPK fertilization forTBM positively correlated with the productivity of oil palm.Keywords: Elaeis guineens
PEMBENTUKAN PLANLET MUTAN TEBU TOLERAN NATRIUM KLORIDA DENGAN MUTASI DAN SELEKSI IN VITRO / Mutant Planlet Formation of Sugarcane Tolerant Sodium Chloride Through In Vitro Selection and Mutation Rossa Yunita; RR. Sri Hartati; Sri Suhesti; Syafaruddin Syafaruddin
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 25, No 1 (2019): Juni, 2019
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v25n1.2019.37-44

Abstract

The needs of sugarcane continue to increase so extensification of farming is needed to meet the demand. However, the available land is the sub-optimal land such as saline land. For this reason, salinity tolerant varieties are needed. To used create sugarcane varieties that are tolerant to salinity stress induction mutation technology using gamma rays combined with in vitro selection using NaCl can be used. The purpose of this study was to obtain sugarcane mutant planlets which were tolerant to the salinity resulted from the induction mutations and in vitro selection. The plant material used in this study were PS862 and PSJT941 sugarcane varieties. The environmental design used in this study was a completely randomized design. This study consisted of four main stages of activity namely (1) mutation induction using gamma ray irradiation (5, 10, 15 20, 25.30 and 35 Gy) and in vitro selection on media containing NaCl; (2) bud regeneration in MS medium + BA 3 mg / l + Zeatin 0.3 mg / l + Proline 100 mg / l for sugarcane callus PS862 and MS varieties + BA 3 mg / l + Zeatin 0.1 mg / l + Proline 100 mg / l for sugarcane callus PSJT941 and (3) root induction on MS + IBA 1 mg / l. The results of this study were 122 mutant plantlets originating from the PS862 variety and 66 mutant planlets originating from PSJT941 which were tolerant to NaCl salt stress. The mutants obtained were salinity tolerant because they were able to grow on media containing NaCl. To produce a population that is salinity tolerant, it is necessary to test it in a greenhouse and in the field that is gripped by salinity.Keywords : Salt stress, iradiation, PS862, PSJT941, Saccharum sp AbstrakKebutuhan komoditas tebu terus meningkat, sehingga diperlukan ekstensifikasi untuk memenuhinya dapat dilakukan dengan cara ekstensifikasi. Namun demikian, lahan yang tersedia adalah lahan sub optimal seperti lahan salin, untuk itu diperlukan varietas toleran salinitas.  Untuk merakit varietas tebu yang toleran terhadap cekaman salinitas dapat mengunakan teknologi mutasi induksi dengan menggunakan sinar gamma yang dikombinasikan dengan seleksi in vitro, Sedangkan untuk menyeleksi kalus secara in vitro digunakan NaCl. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan   planlet-planlet mutan tebu toleran salinitas hasil mutasi induksi dan seleksi in vitro. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kalus tebu varietas PS862 dan PSJT941. Rancangan lingkungan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak lengkap.  Penelitian ini yang  terdiri  atas empat tahap  kegiatan utama yaitu (1) induksi mutasi dengan menggunakan iradisi sinar gamma  (5, 10, 15 20, 25,30 dan 35 Gy) dan seleksi in vitro pada media yang mengandung NaCl;  (2) regenerasi tunas pada media MS + BA 3 mg/l + Zeatin 0,3 mg/l + Prolin 100 mg/l untuk kalus tebu varietas PS862  dan MS + BA 3 mg/l + Zeatin 0,1 mg/l + Prolin 100 mg/l untuk kalus tebu PSJT941dan (3) induksi akar pada media MS + IBA 1 mg/l. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah  122  planlet mutan  yang berasal dari varietas PS862 dan 66 planlet mutan yang berasal dari PSJT941 yang toleran cekaman garam NaCl. Mutan yang diperoleh memiliki sifat toleran salinitas karena mampu tumbuh pada media yang mengadung NaCl.  Untuk menghasilkan populasi yang toleran salinitas perlu dilakukan pengujian di rumah kaca dan di lapang yang tercekam salinitas.Kata Kunci :  Cekaman garam, iradiasi, PS862, PSJT941, Saccharum sp.
Evaluation of Productivity, Fiber Fineness, and Tolerance to Insect Pests of F7 Cotton Lines with Brown Fiber EMY SULISTYOWATI; SIWI SUMARTINI; SUJAK SUJAK; M. MACHFUD; SUHADI SUHADI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 21, No 4 (2015): Desember 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v21n4.2015.189-198

Abstract

ABSTRACTColoured cotton has been used since 3400-2300 BC. Historically, it has been used prior to allotetraploid cotton which are now planted (G. hirsutum dan G. barbadense) of which some have brown and green fiber. The use of coloured cotton is environmentally friendly, and the demand for it will be increasing in relation with the increased demand of organic cotton. The research was aiming to evaluate of Productivity, Fiber Fineness, and Tolerance to Insect Pests ofF7 promising cotton lineswith brown fiber for the development of national cotton new varieties with brown fiber. The experiment was carried out at Pasirian Experimental Station at Lumajang on Januari-December 2013. 14 F7 lines resulted from 2006 crosses and two control varieties were tested in Randomised Blocked Design. There were two unit tests, the spray and unspray test, each was replicated three times. Plot size was 3 x 10m2 with plant spacing was made of 100 x 25 cm in which one single plant per hole was maintained. observation was done on growth and generative components, seed cotton yield, and field tolerance component. Experimental result showed that line 06063/5 was consistently shown high seed cotton yield under spray (2348,3 kg/ha) and unspray conditions (2372,8 kg/ha). Under unspray condition, there were four promising lines which were yielded higher that the best control varieties (Kanesia 10, 2197,2 kg/ha), i.e. 06063/5 (2372,80 kg/ha), 06067/3 (2235,0 kg/ha), 06062/3 (2255,60 kg/ha), and 06066/2 (2383,90 kg/ha). In addition, the best line showingthe highest field tolerance index was 06066/2 (110,5%). There were only two lines which had fiber length of ≥ 1 inch (25,4 mm), i.e. 06067/4 and 06062/1. It terms of fiber strength, genetic improvement achieved was ranging from 0,81 to 11,54% better than Kanesia 10, but 8,11 – 17,64% worse than Kanesia 8. Nine lines which had their fiber fineness 3,0 – 3,8 mic which are met the industry’s demand.Keywords: Gossypium hirsutum L., coloured cotton, productivity, field tolerance index EVALUASI PRODUKTIVITAS, MUTU SERAT, DAN KETAHANAN TERHADAP HAMA GALUR-GALUR F7 KAPAS BE RSERAT COKLATABSTRAKKapas dengan serat berwarna non-putih telah digunakan sejak tahun3400-2300 sebelum Masehi. Sejarah perkembangannya diperkirakan lebihawal dibandingkan kapas allotetraploid yang banyak dikembangkan saatini (G. hirsutum dan G. barbadense) yang beberapa memiliki warna serat coklat dan hijau. Penggunaan serat kapas berwarna sangat ramah lingkungan dan pemanfaatannya akan meningkat sejalan dengan meningkatnya permintaan kapas organik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi produktivitas, mutu serat dan ketahanan terhadap hama galur-galur harapan F7 kapas dengan serat berwarna coklat dalam rangka mengembangkan varietas kapas nasional berserat coklat.Penelitian menguji 14 galur F7 hasil persilangan tahun 2006 dan dua varietas pembanding dilaksanakan di KP Pasirian, Lumajang pada bulan Januari- Desember 2013; disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Terdapat dua unit pengujian yaitu pengujian dengan pengendalian hama optimal (SPRAY atau S) dan pengujian tanpa pengendalian hama (TANPA SPRAY atau TS) masing-masing diulang tiga kali. Ukuran plot adalah 3 x 10m2; jarak tanam adalah 100 x 25 cm dan pada masing-masing lubang tanam dipelihara satu tanaman. Pengamatan komponen pertumbuhan dan hasil, hasil kapas berbiji, dan komponen ketahanan dilakukan untuk menilai penampilan galur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa galur 06063/5 secara konsisten menunjukkan produksi kapas berbiji yang cukup tinggi baik dalam kondisi dengan pengendalian hama (2 348,3 kg/ha) maupun tanpa pengendalian hama (2372,8 kg/ha). Pada kondisi tanpa pengendalian hama, terdapat empat galur yang lebih unggul dibandingkan varietas pembanding terbaik (Kanesia 10, 2197,2 kg/ha) yaitu 06063/5 (2 372,80 kg/ha), 06067/3 (2 235,0 kg/ha), 06062/3 (2255,60 kg/ha), dan 06066/2 (2383,90 kg/ha). Selain itu, galur yang menunjukkan indeks ketahanan lapang terbaik adalah 06066/2 (110,5%). Hanya terdapat dua galur yang panjang seratnya ≥ 1 inchi (25,4 mm), yaitu 06067/4 dan 06062/1. Apabila dibandingkan Kanesia 10, diperoleh kemajuan dalam hal kekuatan serat sebesar 0,81-11,54%. Tetapi apabila dibandingkan dengan Kanesia 8, maka kekuatan serat dari galur-galur yang diuji lebih rendah 8,11 – 17,64%. Terdapat sembilan galur yang kehalusan seratnya dikelompokkan pada kategori diterima oleh industri (3,0 – 3,8 mic).Kata kunci: Gossypium hirsutum L., kapas dengan serat berwarna, produktivitas, indeks ketahanan lapang.

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