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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (JLITTRI) aims to publish primary research articles of current research topics, not simultaneously submitted to nor previously published in other scientific or technical ojournals. General review articles will not be accepted. The journal maintains strict standards of content, presentation,and reviewing. SCOPE The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of agricultural science in Indonesia including: Estate crops; Soil science; Climate science; Agronomy; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genetic resources; Plant pathology; Plant physiology; Entomology; Farming system; Postharvest technology; Socio-economic agriculture; Environment; Agricultural extension. The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles. Since the year of 2017, the jurnal is published twice a year in (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 504 Documents
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Pseudocercospora liebenbergii PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BERCAK DAUN TANAMAN AKAR TIKUS DONO WAHYUNO; DYAH MANOHARA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 4, No 4 (1998): November, 1998
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v4n4.1998.124-128

Abstract

Pseudocercospora liebenbergii the cause of leaf spot disease on Rauwolfta serpentinaThe experiments wee conducted at Reseach Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops, rom Ocober 1995 o March 19%. The objective of the experiments wee to identify the causal agent of leaf spot disease on Rauwofia serpentina and some ecobiological aspects. The expeiments were divided into two steps. The first step was observation on the disease intensity and identification of the causal agent. The second step was testing the effect of temperature and light on the mycelia growth and the germination of conidia, and the survival of conidia at diferent ranges of elative humidity. The results showed that the pathogenic of leaf spot disease is Pseudocercospora liebenbergii, newly eported pathogenic fungus in Indonesia. The fungus infected leaf only. The disease intensity ranged between 0-85%/plant with the average 22.23%. The first symptoms i.e. light spots wee observed 2-3 weeks after the inoculation. Stroma wee found on the upper and botom of the oldest spots The optimum temperatue for fungal growth ranged between 20-28°C. Continuous light was able o induce the growth of aerial mycelia but failed against the fungal rate. The germination of conidia occured at temperature between 20-32°C with an optimum of 24°C. Conidia on the surface of the oldest leaf spots were still viable ater the leaves wee incubated for 48 hours at 55% elative humidity.
IDENTIFIKASI MOLEKULER CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS (CMV) ASAL TANAMAN NILAM (Pogostemon cablin) / Molecular Identification of Cucumber Mosaic Virus Infecting Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) Miftakhurohmah Miftakhurohmah; I Dewa Nyoman Nyana; Tri Asmira Damayanti; Rita Noveriza
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 23, No 1 (2017): Juni, 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v23n1.2017.11-17

Abstract

Mosaic disease on Indonesian patchouli associated with infection of TeMV, BBWV2, CymMV and CMV. TeMV, BBWV2 and CymMV has been identified molecularly, while CMV just was detected serologically. The objective of this study was to identify CMV from patchouli by molecular approach based on CP gene nucleotide sequence Leaf samples were collected from three mosaic symptomatic patchouli plants in greenhouse of Balittro. Leaf samples were extracted for the total nucleic acids (RNA + DNA). Nucleic acids were amplified using specific primer for CP gene of CMV by one step RT-PCR technique. The DNA of PCR product with the size of ~ 650 bp was directly sequenced and analyzed for its homology with sequences of CMV isolates extracted from Gene Bank. CMV CP gene from patchouli showed the highest of nucleotide and amino acid sequence similarities, 97,1 and 97,7% respectively, with um Japanese isolates. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that CMV from patchouli was closely related with um-Japanese isolate with 100% bootstrap value, and clustered with another CMV isolates in subgroup IB. Since the CMV subgroup I was more virulent than subgroup, it is necessary to increase the awareness of the CMV occurrence in another plant.Key words : homology analysis, phylogeny tree, nucleotides, amino acid AbstrakPenyakit mosaik pada tanaman nilam di Indonesia berasosiasi dengan infeksi Telosma mosaic virus (TeMV), Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2), Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) dan Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). TeMV, BBWV2 dan CymMV sudah diidentifikasi secara molekuler, sedangkan CMV baru terdeteksi secara serologi. Karakte risasi molekuler setiap virus diperlukan sebagai salah satu dasar pengambilan tindakan pengendalian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi CMV asal tanaman nilam secara molekuler berdasarkan sekuen nukleotida gen CP. Tiga sampel daun nilam bergejala terinfeksi virus diambil dari koleksi tanaman nilam di rumah kaca Balittro. Sampel daun diekstraksi asam nukleat totalnya  (RNA+DNA). Asam nukleat total diamplifikasi dengan teknik one step reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-CR) menggunakan primer spesifik gen coat protein (CP) CMV. Produk PCR berukuran 650 pb (pasang basa) dirunut sekuen nukleotidanya serta dianalisis homologi dan hubungan filogenetikanya dengan sekuen isolat-isolat CMV yang ada di GenBank. Sekuen nukleotida dan asam amino gen CP CMV asal nilam menunjukkan persentase kemiripan terbesar (97,1 dan 97,7%) dengan isolat um -Jepang. Analisis filogeni menunjukkan bahwa CMV asal nilam berkerabat sangat dekat dengan CMV isolat um-Jepang dengan nilai bootstrap 100%, dan berada dalam satu kelompok dengan isolat-isolat CMV subgrup IB. Keberadaan CMV subgrup IB pada tanaman nilam perlu diwaspadai karena subgrup I lebih virulen dibandingkan subgrup II. Penelitian ini merupakan laporan pertama karakterisasi molekuler CMV nilam, baik di Indonesia maupun di luar negeri, yang dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu dasar pengambilan tindakan pengendalian.Kata kunci: analisis homologi, pohon filogeni, nukleotida, asam amino
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN DAN TEKNIK BUDIDAYA TERHADAP EP I DEMI PENYAKIT VASCULAR STREAK DIEBACK (VSD) PADA TANAMAN KAKAO / Agronomical Practices and Environmental Effect to The Epidemics of Vascular Streak Dieback (VSD) Disease of Cocoa nFN Khaerati; Suryo Wiyono; Efi Toding Tondok
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 22, No 1 (2016): Maret, 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v22n1.2016.1-10

Abstract

Vascular Streak Dieback (VSD) in cocoa caused by Oncobasidium theobromae. This is one of the important disease of cocoa in the world, including Indonesia. The knowledge on environmental effect and agronomical practices to the epidemics of VSD disease of cocoa, is important to control the diseases. The objectives of this research were to investigate environmental effect and agronomical practices to the epidemic VSD disease of cacao. The study was conducted on February to August 2014 in the three sub districts namely Tinondo (≥ 700 m asl), Mowewe (300-400 m asl) and Lambandia (≤ 100 m asl) East Kolaka Regency, South East Sulawesi. The study was carried out by colleting primary data included agronomical practices, the measurement of VSD disease severity in the field and soil nutrient, as well as secondary data. The results of this research showed that the environment and agronomical practices gave an effect to the epidemics VSD disease. Monoculture plantation had higher severity than mixed garden of cocoa. More condense the canopy of cocoa, more severe the VSD disease. More near the location of cacao plants to the river, more humid the enviroment and more severe the desease. Potassium deficiency in plants will cause susceptible to the disease, the high levels of Mg may limit K and Zn uptake at the soil. Recommendation for reducing VSD disease severity on cocoa plantations are cropping systems mixed with other plants, prunning, reducing the use of insecticides and herbicides, and do not plant the cocoa near to the river.Keywords: cacao, disease, epidemic, Oncobasidium theobromae
PATOGENISITAS ISOLAT Phellinus noxius PADA JAMBU METE DAN BEBERAPA JENIS TANAMAN BERKAYU LAINNYA nFN Supriadi; E. M. Adhi; S. Rahayuningsih; M. Dahsyat
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 10, No 1 (2004): Maret 2004
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v10n1.2004.8-11

Abstract

Gejala busuk akar cokelat pada tanaman jambu mete di Sumbawa, khususnya Kecamatan Pekat, Dompu-NTB diasosiasikan dengan serangan Phellinus noxius. Secara ilmiah jamur ini belum dapat dibuktikan patogensitasnya. Penelitian ini betujuan menguraikan hasil penelitian tentang uji patogenisitas isolat P. noxius pada bibit jambu mete dan 6 jenis tanaman berkayu lainnya. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2003 di laboratoium dan rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat. Isolat P. noxius diperoleh dari tanaman jambu mete sakit Kecamatan Pekat, Dompu-NTB, kemudian diperbanyak pada medium campuran beras jagung (1:1) dalam botol selai (vol. 250 ml.). Biakan inokulum jamur berumur salu bulan diinokulasikan pada pangkal batang dai tujuh jenis tanaman berkayu, yaitu: jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale) jenis Balakrisnan, kayu manis (Cinnamomum casia dan C. burmanii), kopi (Cofea arabtca), jarak pagar (Jatropa curcas). kapok (Ceiba pentandra), dan singkong (Manihot utilissima) yang ditumbuhkan di dalam kantong plastik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa enam dai tanaman yang diinokulasi dengan P. noxius menghasilkan gejala penyakit daun menguning dan layu, sama sepeti gejala penyakit di lapangan. Bibit yang diinokulasi mati dalam waktu 2-3 minggu sampai dengan 2 bulan setelah inokulasi. Satu-satunya jenis tanaman yang menunjukkan gejala berbeda dan tidak mati, adalah singkong yang menunjukkan gejala kcrdil. Tanaman jambu mete dan jarak pagar merupakan tanaman inang yang baru untuk P. noxius. karena tanaman lainnya sudah pemah dilaporkan sebelumnya.. Mengingat ganasnya serangan P. noxius pada bibit yang diinokulasi maka kcwaspadaan perlu ditingkatkan untuk mencegah tersebamya penyakit ini ke daerah pengembangan mete lainnya di NTB.Kata kunci: Anacardium occidentale, jambu mete, Phellinus noxius. patogenisitasABSTRACTPathogenicity of Phellinus noxius isolatedfrom diseased cashew and other woody plantsBrown root rot symptom on cashew in Sumbawa, especially in Pekat Distict, Dompu - West Nusa Tenggara is associated with the attack of Phellinus noxius. The pathogenicity of this fungus has not been proven scientiically. This experiment was aimed to analyse the result of pathogenicity test of P. noxius isolate on the seedlings of cashew and 6 other woody plants. This research was done in 2003 in the laboratory and glass house of the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crop Research Institute. The P. noxius isolate was obtained from the infected cashew in Pekat District, Dompu - West Nusa Tcnggara, then multiplied in the mixture of rice and com medium in the 250 ml jam bottle. The one month fungus culture was inoculated on the stem base of the seven woody plants, namely cashew (Anacardium occidentale) Balakhrisnan cullivar, cinnamon (Cinnamommum casia and C. burmanii), coffee (Coffea arabica), castor (Jatropa curcas), kapok (Ceiba pentandra) and cassava (Manihot uilissima) grown in plastic pots. The result of this expeiment indicated that the six kinds of plants inoculated with /' noxius showed disease symptoms, such as wilting and yellowing of the leaves and died in about 2-3 weeks up to 2 months ater inoculation. The only plant that was not died but showed different symptom was cassava, its growth was very stunted but not died. The two plants, i.e. cashew and castor were new host plants for P. noxius. Considering the viciousness of /'. noxius atack on the inoculated seedlings, therefore the awareness to prevent the spread of this disease to other cashew plantations in West Nusa Tenggara should be raised.Key words : Anacardium occidentale. cashew, Phellinus noxius. pathogenicity
PENGELOMPOKKAN SEPULUH VARIETAS TEMBAKAU (Nicotiana tabacum) BERDASARKAN KERAGAMAN RUNUTAN BASA PARSIAL GEN PMT(PUTRESCINE N-METHYLTRANSFERASE) Clustering of ten tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) varieties based on the partial PMT (putrescine N-methyltranfera Sesanti Basuki; Sudarsono Sudarsono
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 23, No 1 (2017): Juni, 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v23n1.2017.36-44

Abstract

PMT gene is the gene encoded putrescine N-methiltransferase which is related to nicotine biosinthesis in tobacco (Nicotiana  tabacum). Ten tobacco varieties with different nicotine level were used inthis study. The aims of this study were: (1) to analyze thepartial PMT gene sequence diversity among ten tobacco varieties, and (2) to evaluate the closed-relationship amongten tobacco varieties based on their partialPMT gene sequences diversity.Sequence diversity was analyzed by multiple sequence alignment between the partialPMT gene sequence of the ten tobacco varietiesand Ntpmt_Sindoro1 sequence deposited in the NCBI gene-bank database.The phylogenetic relationship amongthe sequences was inferred by genetic distancebetween pairs of sequences using the pairwise and multiple sequence alignment analysis. Analysis of the sequences showed that all varieties analyzed had varied in size and number of the PMT gene fragments yielded. The analysis also revealed that thepartialPMT gene sequencesarecoming from the same ancestor which related to nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco. Phylogenetic analysis separated the partialPMT gene sequences into two different branches significantly (bootstrap value = 100), and clustered together based on tobacco types with different nicotine level in whichcould be due to some baseschanged on the specific sites of thePMT gene sequences.  This information could be used to study the relationship between some bases changed on the specific sites of thePMT gene sequences and the nicotine content variation yielded by the ten tobacco varieties that is happened during evolution time.Key words: Clustering analysis, PMT gene, nicotine, Nicotiana tabacum AbstrakGen PMT adalah gen penyandi enzim putresina N-metiltransferase (PMT) yang berperan dalam lintasan biosintesis nikotin pada tanaman tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum). Sepuluh varietas tembakau yang memiliki perbedaan tingkat kadar nikotin diuji untuk mempelajari: (1) keragaman runutan basa parsial gen PMT dari masing-masing varietas, dan (2) kekerabatan antara sepuluh varietas tembakau yang diuji berdasarkan keragaman runutan basa parsial gen PMT. Keragaman runutan basa dianalisis dengan mensejajarkan data runutan basa dari sepuluh varietas tembakau yang diuji dengan runutan basa dari Ntpmt_Sindoro1 (JQ438825) yang telah tersimpan dalam database genbank NCBI. Hasil pensejajaran digunakan untuk menghitung matriks jarak, yang selanjutnya digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan kekerabatan diantara sepuluh varietas tembakau. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan adanya variasi ukuran dan jumlah runutan basaparsial gen PMT asal sepuluh varietas tembakau yang dianalisis. Hasil analisis juga memperlihatkan bahwa runutan basa parsial gen PMT tersebut berasal/diturunkan dari sumber (ancestor) yang sama dan  terkait dengan biosintesis nikotin pada tembakau. Runutan basaparsial gen PMT dari sepuluh varietas yang dianalisis memisahkan antara kelompok tembakau introduksi (kadar nikotin rendah-sedang) dengan kelompok tembakau lokal (kadar nikotin sedang-tinggi). Dua kelompok memisah berdasarkan level kadar nikotin, danperbedaan/perubahan susunan basa pada situs-situs tertentu dari runutan basaparsial gen PMT  yang dianalisis. Informasi tentang mutasi yang terjadi pada situs-situs runutan basa dari parsial gen PMT dapat digunakan untuk mempelajari keterkaitan antara perubahan basa pada fragmen gen PMT dengan kandungan nikotin total tembakau yang terjadi selama proses evolusi.Kata kunci: Analisis pengelompokkan, gen PMT,Nikotin, Nicotiana tabacum 
STUDI POPULASI OPTIMAL PADA TEMBAKAU MADURA DENGAN CARA PANEN SATU KALI ABDUL RACHMAN; . SUWARSO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 9, No 3 (2003): September, 2003
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v9n3.2003.98-103

Abstract

Percobaan dilakukan di dua tempat dengan perbedaan tipe lahan di Kabupaten Sumencp, P. Madura, unluk mempclajari pengaruh populasi tanam terhadap sifat agronomis dan kimia dari dua varietas tembakau madura Percobaan dilakukan pada tahun 1990 (Mei s/d September), dengan cara panen salu kali, di Desa Guluk-guluk mewakili lahan gunung dengan clevasi 235 m, dan di Desa Kambingan Barat mewakili lahan legal (lahan kering) dengan clevasi 15 m. Sifat tanah dari lahan gunung adalah betcksiur liat, dengan 55% liat, 29% debu, 16% pasir, 0 62% C-organik, 0.11% N, dan pi I 7.5; dan di lahan tcgal adalah betckstur lempung berliat, dengan 34% liat 38% debu, 28% pasir, 0.55% C-organik, 0.09% N, dan pH 6.9. Perlakuan terdiri atas dua variclas tembakau madura (Prancak dan Berbedih) dan tiga taraf populasi tanaman (25 000, 33 000, dan 41 000 tanaman per ha). Perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok faktorial, dengan empat ulangan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pada lahan gunung variclas Prancak memberikan hasil krosok dan kadar Cl daun yang lebih tinggi dan pada varietas Berbedih. telapi variclas Berbedih memberikan jumlah daun dan kadar nikotin yang lebih tinggi dari pada varietas Prancak. Sifat lain dari kedua varietas tersebut adalah sama. Peningkatan populasi tanam meningkatkan hasil daun rajangan dan krosok. telapi menurunkan ukuran lebar daun Sebagian besar sifat-sifat tembakau tidak terpengaruh oleh kenaikan populasi. Populasi tanam yang sesuai untuk lahan gunung adalah 41 000 tanaman/ha, atau dengan jarak tanam (90 cm x 45 cm)/2 x 45 cm. Pada lahan legal varietas Prancak memberikan hasil krosok yang lebih linggi dari pada varietas Berbedih, tetapi varietas Prancak lebih rendah dalam hal jumlah daun, kadar nikotin dan gula dari pada varietas Berbedih Sifal yang lainnya dari kedua varietas tersebut adalah sama. Peningkatan populasi lanam di lahan legal meningkatkan ukuran tinggi tanaman dan hasil krosok Sebagian besar sifat tembakau tidak terpengaruh oleh peningkatan populasi. Populasi yang sesuai untuk lahan tcgal adalah 33 000 tanaman/ha, atau dengan jarak lanam (90 cm x 45 cm)/2 x 40 cm.Kata kunci: Nicotiana tabacum, tembakau madura, populasi lanam, varietas, tipe lahan ABSTRACT Study on optimal plant population of madura tobacco in one harvesting methodThe experiment was conducted in two locations with different type of land, in Sumenep Regency, Madura Island, to study the effect of plant populations on agronomic and chemical characteristics of two madura tobacco varieties. This experiment was conducted in 1990 (May to September) on madura tobacco in one harvesting method, in Guluk-guluk Village represented hilly land lypc at the elevation of 235 m, and in Kambingan Barat Village represented upland type at the elevation of 15 m The soil characteristics of hilly land is clay texture with 55% clay, 29% silt, 28% sand, 0.62% organic-C. 0.11% N, and pll 7.5; and the soil characteristics of upland is clay loam texture with 34% clay, 38% silt, 28% sand, 0.55% organic-C, 0.06% N, and pH 6.9. The treatment consislcd of two varieties of madura tobacco (Prancak and Berbedih) and three plant population rates (25 000, 33 000 and 41 000 plants/ha). The treatments were arranged in factorial randomized block design with four replications. The result showed that in hilly land, Prancak gave more dry leaf yield and leaf Cl content than thai of Berbedih, but Prancak gave less leaf number and leaf nicotine content than Berbedih Other characters of the two varieties were similar. Increasing plant population increased cut and dry leaf yield, but decreased leaf width. Most of tobacco characters were not affected by increasing plant population. Appropriate plant population for hilly land tobacco was 41 000 plants/ha or with plant spacing of (90 cm x 45 cm)/2 x 40 cm. In upland, Prancak gave more dry leaf yield more lhan Berbedih, but Prancak gave less leaf number, nicotine and sugar content than Berbedih. Other characters of the two varieties was similar. Increasing plant population increased plant height and dry leaf yield. Most of tobacco characters were not affected by increasing plant population. Appropriate plant population for upland tobacco was 33 000 plants/ha or with plant spacing of (90 cm x 45 cm)/2 x 45 cm.Key words : Nicotiana tabacum, madura tobacco, plant population, variety, land type
DINAMIKA POPULASI Helopeltis Antonii Sign PADA JAMBU METE ELNA KARMAWATI; TRI EKO WAHYONO; TRI HARYANI SAVITRI; I WAYAN LABA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 4, No 6 (1999): Maret, 1999
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v4n6.1999.163-167

Abstract

Abstract
POTENSI PRODUKSI NIRA DAN GULA TIGA AKSESI KELAPA GENJAH / Potential Sap and Coconut Sugar Production of Three Accession Dwarf Coconut Meity Aneke Tulalo; Sukmawati Mawardi
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 24, No 2 (2018): Desember, 2018
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v24n2.2018.87-92

Abstract

The study was conducted to determine the potential of three Dwarf Coconut accessions in the production of sap and coconut sugar. The research was carried out in the Coconut germplasm collections of Indonesian Palm Crop Research Institute in Manado on August to November 2015 using the three Dwarf Coconut accession  ie Waingapu Red Dwarf (WRD), Sweet Green Dwarf (SGD) and Raja Brown Dwarf (RBD). Each accession consisting of six palms, and the  three tapped bunches from each palm were observed. Parameters observed were production of sap/bunches/day, length of tapping/bunches, length of bunches and bunches circumference, pH of sap, brix, and sugar yield. The results showed that coconut WRD, SGD and RBD can produce sap. Potential production of sap varied between accessions. The average production of sap /bunches /day of WRD (1006.57 ml) was higher than that in RBD (627.81 ml) and SGD (740.79 ml). The average length of taping/bunches was 22-23 days, pH 5.5-5,6 and sugar content (brix) 14,47-16,63%. The sap produced by the three coconut accessions can be processed into sugar. The yield of coconut sugar in the form of crystal sugar was 14.25-16.58%.Keywords: potential, Dwarf, coconut, sap, sugar AbstrakPenelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi tiga aksesi koleksi kelapa Genjah dalam produksi nira dan gula kelapa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kebun koleksi plasma nutfah Balai Penelitian Tanaman Palma di Manado pada bulan Agustus sampai dengan November 2015 menggunakan tiga aksesi kelapa Genjah yaitu Genjah Merah Waingapu (GMW), Genjah Hijau Manis (GHM) dan Genjah Raja (GRA). Masing-masing aksesi diamati enam pohon dan setiap pohon diamati tiga tandan yang disadap. Parameter yang diamati yaitu produksi nira/tandan/hari, lama penyadapan/tandan, panjang tandan dan lingkar tandan yang disadap, pH nira, kadar gula (brix) dan rendemen gula. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kelapa GHM, GMW dan GRA dapat memproduksi nira. Potensi produksi nira beragam antar aksesi. Rata-rata produksi nira/tandan/hari GMW (1006,57 ml) lebih tinggi dari pada GRA (627,81 ml) dan GHM (740,79 ml). Rata-rata lama penyadapan nira/tandan 22-23 hari, pH nira 5,5-5,6 dan kadar gula (brix) 14,47-16,63%. Nira yang dihasilkan tiga aksesi kelapa Genjah tersebut dapat diolah menjadi gula. Nilai rendemen gula kelapa dalam bentuk kristal/semut 14,25-16,58%.Kata kunci: potensi, kelapa, Genjah, nira, gula
VARIETAS HIBRIDA HARAPAN TEMBAKAU MADURA SUWARSO SUWARSO; ANIK HERWATI; FATKHUR ROCHMAN; SLAMET SLAMET; BAMBANG SUPRIYADI; YASIN B. E.
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 8, No 1 (2002): Maret, 2002
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v8n1.2002.27-31

Abstract

Four hybrids resulted from the first generation of the crossing of madura and oiental tobaccos and Prancak-95 aa a standard vaiety were tested at several locations from 1997 to 2000 randomized block design. The experiments aimed at obtaining promising hybid varieties of the madura tobacco. The yield potency, quality and stability of the hybrids were tested by using the method of yau and HAMBLIN (1994), which was based on lite highest average and the loweat standard deviation. Two promising hybrids, i.e. PIS and PXA had quality and crop indexes higher and had lower content of nicotine compared to that of Prancak 95, and they were more adaptive compared with Prancak-95. The quality indexes of PIS, PXA and Prancak-95 were respectively 79.30 ; 75.65 and 65.02.
KERAGAMAN KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGIS DAN A G RONOMISP LA SMA NUTFAH KLON HARAPAN KAKAO LOKAL SULAWESI SELATAN SAHARDI SAHARDI; FADJRY DJUFRY
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 21, No 3 (2015): September 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v21n3.2015.145-152

Abstract

ABSTRAKKakao (Theobroma cacao L.) merupakan komoditas perkebunan yang   memegang   peranan   penting   dalam   perekonomian   Indonesia. Sulawesi Selatan merupakan daerah sentra produksi kakao dan telah berkembang berbagai varian klon kakao lokal.  Sulawesi Selatan memiliki potensi menghasilkan klon-klon kakao unggul, yang berpotensi daya hasil tinggi, memiliki ketahanan/toleransi terhadap hama penggerek buah kakao, penyakit busuk buah dan vascular streak dieback. Klon kakao lokal yang telah dikembangkan oleh petani belum pernah dilakukan karakterisasi baik morfologi maupun genetik.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengobservasi karakter morfologi dan agronomi klon lokal harapan yang tersebar pada petani di Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Februari – Desember 2013 di Kabupaten Luwu dan Luwu Utara, Sulawesi Selatan. Untuk mendapatkan klon-klon harapan kakao lokal, dilakukan observasi langsung   pada   sentra   produksi   kakao.   Sumber   informasi adalah Pemerintah daerah (dinas terkait), penyuluh pertanian, tokoh masyarakat dan petani.    Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap karakter morfologi utama klon  harapan  kakao  lokal  yang  didapat  saat  pelaksanaan  observasi. Analisis kemiripan karakter morfologi antar klon dan pengelompokan serta dendogram dilakukan dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 21.0. Hasil eksplorasi diperoleh sejumlah 30 klon harapan kakao lokal.  Hasil analisis karakter morfologi terhadap 30 aksesi klon unggul harapan kakao lokal di Sulawesi Selatan, menunjukkan keragaman yang sempit.  Hal ini mengisyaratkan bahwa perlu upaya lain untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik.Kata kunci:  Theobroma  cacao  L.,  keragaman,  morfologi,  agronomi, plasma nutfah ABSTRACTMorphological and Agronomics Diversity of Cocoa Characteristics    Local Promising Clones Germplasm in South Sulawesi Cocoa (Theobroma cacao  L.) is one of  important estate crops commodities which plays a role on Indonesian economy. South Sulawesi has a potency to generate superior clones of cocoa. A number of local cocoa clones   from   South   Sulawesi   has   been   recommended   in rehabilitation and rejuvenation in  the implementation of cocoa “Gernas” (National Cocoa Planting Action). Sulawesi   Cocoa local clones have a potency of high yield, resistance to pest or main  diseases such as cocoa pod borer, black pod disease and vascular streak dieback which were still widespread among cocoa plantation. Although variation accured in cocoa local clones, but there had been no study on both  morphological and genetic. The objective of the research was to observe morphological  and agronomis characters of local cocoa  promising clones that has been planted by the farmers in South Sulawesi. This research  was conducted from  February - Desember 2013 in Luwu District and North Luwu, in South Sulawesi. To find local cacao clones  used direct observation in cocoa production centers. The information sources obtained from local government (relevant agencies). Agricultural extension, prominent societyleader and the farmers. The Observation was conducted on morphologicalcharacters,  and  the  results  were  analysed  on  characters  resemblancebetween clones. Statistic anlyses for the Grouping and dendogram wasgene rated  by SPSS vertion 21.0. In South Sulawesi. The result from theanalyses of morphological characters   indicated  low genetic variability in 30 accessions of local cocoa clones in South Sulawesi. To such  low ingenetic diversity, Indicated  the need of another effort to broadan  geneticvariabilityKeywords:   Theobroma   cacao  L.,   genetic   variability,   morphology, agronomy, germplasm

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