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INDONESIA
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum
ISSN : 18298117     EISSN : 25273973     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32332/istinbath.v17i1
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum is Open Journal of Law, a Journal that contains legal-based scientific papers. Published by Sharia Faculty of IAIN Metro. Ever applied for accreditation in 2016. It is published twice a year in Mei and November. Istinbath Journal Law is a periodical publication of scientific articles containing thematic laws with various approaches in the scope of positive law and Islamic law. Journals are published in print and online. Istinbath Journal of Law is published by the IAIN Metro Sharia Faculty. Istinbath Journal of Law is published as an attempt to socialize scientific studies in the form of literature review articles and research results related to the law.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 300 Documents
Relevansi Ijma’ Dan Qiyas Dalam Struktur Hukum Islam Dan Struktur Hukum Positif Di Indonesia Deden Ibnu Balya
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Vol 16 No 1 (2019): Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1339.87 KB) | DOI: 10.32332/istinbath.v16i1.1468

Abstract

Abstract The concept of ijma ', and its relevance in construction and improvisation of Islamic law is part of the Islamic law studies, which can always develop according to place and time, time in terms of times and regions in the sense of the state. Ijma', of course functions as a tool for taking legal conclusions, both those whose sources are divine and the sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad PBUH. This paper is qualitative writing, with library research methods, with primery data is sources of books and legal nomenclature, and using the descriptive analysis. Based on the analysis, it is known that the level of relevance of ijma as a method, till nowaday, its relevance is still very high, especially with the region and the spread of Islam that is indeed cross-country, cross-nation, and across cultures. Ijma 'of the ulama becomes very important, because in addition to being a response to the development of the times, ijma' also remains a necessity for Muslims, considering that not everyone is able to do istinbaht / legal conclusions in Islam. Keywords : Ijma’ and Qiyas, Source of Islamic Law, Legal Development.
UPAYA KELUARGA PRA SEJAHTRA DALAM MEMBENTUK KELUARGA SAKINAH badrudin badrudin
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Vol 14 No 1 (2017): Istinbath Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (319.36 KB) | DOI: 10.32332/istinbath.v14i1.740

Abstract

This research is a field of research that discusses the concept of harmonious family in pre Sejahtra family perspective. A case study in Jombang district administrative districts Jombatan Jombang. To answer these problems, this study uses qualitative research methods that are descriptive of the data that already we get some understanding and harmonious family related issues in the perspective of the family pre Sejahtra. One indicator of the lack sakinahan or disharmony of a family is the percerain. This is a lot going on and we find in our society. That percerain become commonplace and common. Although basically a normative text in either the Qur'an or the hadith does not forbid percerain. But that does not mean religion gives the green light for us all to do percerain easily. Memiberikan religion but also a warning that percerain is a lawful act of the most hated by Allah. Not only that religious notabenenya judiciary as a representation of Islamic law is also currently operate principle to reconcile and complicate their percerain. That means that the religion calls for kesakinahan and harmony in the family and does not want just the execution percerain either divorce or the divorce contested divorce. Pursuant to statistical data, that the lack of a family sakinahan indicator of percerain much influenced by economic factors, because one person's basic capital menage is the availability of a clear source of income to meet living bebutuhan financially. The survival of the family, among others, determined by the smoothness of the economy, otherwise chaos in the family triggered by the poor economy lancer. From the present study, there are some interesting fact found in the field, namely the existence of pre Sejahtra were able to realize a harmonious family mawadah wa Rahmah. Precisely with a mediocre economy is, they take a lot of wisdom and ibrah from a wealthy family, that turned out to matter not be able to ensure the establishment of harmonious family without an underlying sense of compassion and understanding high as between both partners. The concept is applied pre Sejahtra family in building a harmonious family is by instilling gratitude for what has been given or bestowed by Allah. Always Qona'ah with revenue earned and never complained with all the troubles. As well as looking at trouble as happiness. While efforts in the realization of pre Sejahtra harmonious family is a way to understand each other and understanding between both partners, especially in matters of daily earnings. And the most important is to fortify the family with moral and spiritual message. Penilitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan yang membahas tentang konsep keluarga sakinah dalam prespektif keluarga pra sejahtra. Sebuah studi kasus di kelurahan jombatan kecamatan jombang kabupaten jombang. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif mengenai data-data yang Sudah kita dapatkan serta beberapa pemahaman terkait dengan masalah keluarga sakinah dalam prespektif keluarga pra sejahtra. Salah satu indikator ketidak sakinahan atau ketidak harmonisan sebuah keluarga adalah terjadinya percerain. Hal inilah yang banyak terjadi dan kita temukan di dalam kehidupan masyarakat kita. Bahwa percerain menjadi hal yang lumrah dan biasa dilakukan. Walaupun pada dasarnya secara teks normative baik dalam alquran atau dalam hadits tidak mengharamkan percerain. Namun itu bukan berarti agama memberikan lampu hijau kepada kita semua untuk melakukan percerain dengan mudah. Melainkan agama juga memiberikan peringatan bahwa percerain adalah perbuatan halal yang paling dibenci oleh Allah. Bukan hanya itu lembaga peradilan agama yang notabenenya sebagai representasi dari hukum islam juga meberlakukan asas untuk mendamaikan dan mempersulit adanya percerain. Itu artinya bahwa agama menghendaki adanya kesakinahan dan keharmonisan dalam keluarga dan tidak menghendaki begitu saja terjadinya eksekusi percerain baik itu cerai gugat ataupun itu cerai talak. Berdasrkan data statistic, bahwa ketidak sakinahan keluarga dengan indicator adanya percerain banyak dipengaruhi oleh faktor ekonomi, sebab salah satu modal dasar seseorang berumah tangga adalah tersedianya sumber penghasilan yang jelas untuk memenuhi bebutuhan hidup secara finansial. Kelangsungan hidup keluarga antara lain ditentukan oleh kelancaran ekonomi, sebaliknya kekacauan dalam keluarga dipicu oleh ekonomi yang kurang lancer. Dari penelitian kali ini, ada beberapa kenyataan menarik yang ditemukan di lapangan, yaitu adanya keluarga pra sejahtra yang mampu mewujudkan keluarga sakinah mawadah wa rahmah. Justru dengan ekonomi yang pas-pasan inilah, mereka banyak mengambil hikmah dan ibrah dari keluarga yang kaya, bahwa ternyata materi tidak mampu menjamin terbentuknya keluarga sakinah tanpa di dasari rasa kasih sayang dan pengertian yang tinggi antra kedua pasangan. Adapun konsep yang diterapkan keluarga pra sejahtra dalam membangun keluarga sakinah adalah dengan menanamkan rasa syukur terhadap apa yang sudah diberikan atau dikaruniakan oleh Allah swt. Selalu Qona’ah dengan penghasilan yang didapatkan dan tidak pernah mengeluh dengan semua kesusahan. Serta memandang kesusahan sebagai kebahagian. Sedangkan upaya keluarga pra sejahtra dalam mewujudkan keluarga sakinah adalah Dengan cara saling mengerti dan memahami antara kedua pasangan khususnya dalam masalah penghasilan sehari-hari. Serta yang paling penting adalah dengan cara membentengi keluarga dengan pesan moral dan spiritual.
KARAKTERISTIK HUKUM ISLAM DALAM PERUBAHAN SOSIAL Musnad Rozin
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Vol 13 No 2 (2016): Istinbath Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (587.489 KB)

Abstract

As the last celestial religions, Islam has the Mission of rahmatan lil'alamin, namely spreading of mercy for all of nature. The presence of Islam is not for a specific community or tribe, but for the whole of nature and its content. As a universal religion, Islam's payload was designed to cover a wide range of sectors and lines of human life of the Muslims. Islamic law derived aims to prevent damage to the community and bring benefits. In this case it is based on five key priorities i.e. keeping religion, soul, intellect, lineage and property. With based on the Qur'an that is universal and dynamic. Islamic law with all its benefits, is a rule which aims to provide good and ease to the human race. Thus, Islamic law had some characteristics that are not owned by the law anywhere in the world. These characteristics include its flexibility. The flexible nature of the existence, in addition to the convenience of the people in command of actualize, is also a form of concrete from the Humanities Law "the skies '. Because Islamic law is not at all just filler space melangit idealism, but forged for the benefit of the people in their redirect ideal life which is not terserabut from the area of the present and the kedisinian. Therefore, the discussion of Islamic law governing human rights, protect and guarantee the rights of a lot more than a discussion of the other. Society is constantly undergoing changes. The difference is only found on the nature or level of change. Changes can concern the fundamental questions for the community or only small changes. However the nature or level of change that the community always serve him. The fact about the changes in the society can be analyzed in terms of which of the various changes in society (direction of change), which is clear is that the change is the move to leave the factors that changed. Therefore, the law of Islam who are facing social changes with its own characteristics is able to exist despite the various changes that occur in the community. Changes in Islamic law adjusts to the context of the times at once with the character of the people. So Islam is there in Saudi could not be fully applied in Indonesia because Indonesia has its own character. This paper examines the characteristics of Islamic law to answer social change based on the maqasid al-Shariah maslahah at once. Rahmatanlilalamin as a religion, Islam has principles that must be upheld as the principle of Justice, freedom and attitudes tolerant of other religions. Sebagai agama samawi terakhir, Islam mempunyai misi rahmatan lil'alamin, yakni menebar rahmat bagi sekalian alam. Kehadiran Islam bukan untuk suku maupun komunitas tertentu, melainkan untuk segenap alam dan isinya. Sebagai agama universal, muatan Islam didesain untuk mencakup beragam lini dan sektor kehidupan ummat manusia. Hukum Islam diturunkan bertujuan untuk mencegah kerusakan pada masyarakat dan mendatangkan kemaslahatan. Dalam hal ini bertumpu pada lima prioritas utama yakni memelihara agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan dan harta benda. Dengan berlandaskan al-Qur`an yang bersifat universal dan dinamis. Hukum Islam dengan segala keunggulannya, merupakan aturan yang bertujuan memberikan kebaikan dan kemudahan kepada umat manusia. Dengan demikian, Hukum Islam mempunyai beberapa karakteristik yang tidak dimiliki oleh hukum manapun di dunia. Karakteristik tersebut diantaranya adalah sifatnya yang fleksibel. Adanya sifat fleksibel tersebut, selain untuk kemudahan umat dalam mengaktualisasikan titah, juga merupakan bentuk konkret dari humanitas hukum ”langit’. Sebab, hukum Islam tidak sama sekali hanya pengisi ruang idealisme yang melangit, namun ditempa untuk kemaslahatan umat dalam mengarahkan kehidupan yang ideal yang tidak terserabut dari area kekinian dan kedisinian. Oleh karena itu, pembahasan hukum Islam yang mengatur hak-hak manusia, melindungi dan menjamin hak tersebut jauh lebih banyak daripada pembahasan yang lainnya. Masyarakat senantiasa mengalami perubahan. Perbedaannya hanya terdapat pada sifat atau tingkat perubahan. Perubahan dapat menyangkut soal-soal yang fundamental bagi masyarakat atau hanya perubahan yang kecil. Namun bagaimanapun sifat atau tingkat perubahan itu masyarakat senantiasa melayaninya. Kenyataan mengenai perubahan-perubahan dalam masyarakat dapat dianalisa dari berbagai segi diantaranya pada perubahan dalam masyarakat (direction of change), yang jelas adalah bahwa perubahan itu bergerak meninggalkan faktor yang diubah. Oleh karena itu, hukum Islam yang menghadapi perubahan sosial dengan karakteristik yang dimilikinya mampu eksis meskipun berbagai perubahan yang terjadi dalam masyarakat. Perubahan hukum Islam menyesuaikan dengan konteks zaman sekaligus dengan karakter masyarakatnya. Sehingga Islam yang ada di arab tidak bisa sepenuhnya diterapkan di Indonesia karena masyarakat Indonesia memiliki karakter sendiri. Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang karakteristik hukum Islam untuk menjawab perubahan sosial yang didasarkan pada maqasid al-syari’ah sekaligus maslahah. Sebagai agama rahmatanlilalamin, Islam memiliki prinsip-prinsip yang harus ditegakkan seperti prinsip keadilan, kebebasan dan sikap toleran terhadap agama lain.
TINJAUAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARI’AH TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN PENJUALAN BARANG GADAI Hendra Irawan; Nurma destiana
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Vol 15 No 1 (2018): Istinbath Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1179.233 KB) | DOI: 10.32332/istinbath.v15i1.1125

Abstract

Abstract Pawn sharia (rahn) is one of the terms property (rahin) as goods (marhun) on debt / loan (marhun bih) it receives. Marhun has an economic value. Auction as an execution of goods is also done in Sharia Pawnshop. Auction is the last attempt made by the Sharia Branch Office that has money that is default. This study aims to describe the perspective of Islamic Economic Law on the sale of lien in the sharia pawnshops Metro City. This research is an attempt to enrich the scientific khilafah related to the problems related to the projects, and can be used as information for sharia pawnshops and the community or parties who want to know the procedure of selling pawn goods. This research is a field research that collects qualitative data with interview and documentation data collection techniques, then qualitative analysis through inductive approach. Based on the results of the research, the acquisition of the sale of Gadai goods in the existing Shariah City Pawnshops in accordance with Shariah Economic Law, and no one does not. Keyword : Pawnshop, Sales, Pawn, Shariah Economic Law. Abstrak Gadai syariah (rahn) adalah menahan salah satu harta milik nasabah (rahin) sebagai barang jaminan (marhun) atas utang/pinjaman (marhun bih) yang diterimanya. Marhun tersebut memiliki nilai ekonomis. Lelang sebagai upaya eksekusi terhadap barang jaminan juga dilakukan di Pegadaian Syariah. Lelang merupakan upaya terakhir yang dilakukan oleh Kantor Cabang Syariah apabila ada nasabahnya yang wanprestasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah terhadap pelaksanaan penjualan barang gadai di Pegadaian syariah Kota Metro. Penelitian ini merupakan upaya untuk memperkaya khazanah keilmuan terkait masalah konsep penjualan barang gadai, dan dapat berguna sebagai informasi bagi pegadaian syariah dan masyarakat atau pihak-pihak yang ingin mengetahui prosedur penjualan barang gadai. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan yang menghimpun data kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif melalui pendekatan induktif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa Pelaksanaan penjualan barang gadai di Pegadaian Syariah Kota Metro ada yang sesuai dengan Hukum Ekonomi Syari’ah, dan dan ada yang tidak. Kata kunci : Pegadaian, Penjualan, Barang Gadai, Hukum Ekonomi Syari’ah
MUHAMMAD SYAHRUR DAN TEORI LIMITASI: Sebuah Metode Penggalian Hukum Islam Doli Witro
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Vol 18 No 1 (2021): Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/istinbath.v18i1.2926

Abstract

One of the thinkers in Islam who has contributed to the contemporary era is Muhammad Syahrur. It offers a contemporary methodology in explaining Islamic law. He further stated that in understanding the texts, one should not always be fixated on the interpretation of traditional ulama because religious texts should be interpreted according to their era. In explaining the renewal of Islamic law, Syahrul introduced a theory called the limit theory. This paper discusses the limit theory, which Muhammad Syahrur popularized. This paper aims to explain ijtihad in other languages ​​extracting Islamic law using the limit theory introduced by Syahrur. This article uses a library research method. The data in this article were analyzed qualitatively, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The analysis results show that the hudud theory or limit theory as a tool for criticism of the established methodology of Islamic law (ushul fiqh) is a good thing. However, to rely on the hudud theory or limit theory as the main method in extracting Islamic law as a substitute for the ushul fiqh method that mujtahids have used in extracting Islamic law, the hudud theory or limit theory is still not well established.
Desain Kontruksi Ijtihad Ushuliyah Imam Al-Syafi’i ainol yaqin
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Vol 17 No 2 (2020): Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/istinbath.v17i2.2155

Abstract

Imam ash-Syafi’i is the founder of ash-Syafi’i school (Shafi'iyah) as well as the first jewel layer of the science of ushul fiqh, as Aristotle laid the foundation of logic. Because he had contributed in composing a ushul fiqh logically, critically and systematically in his monumental work, ar-Risalah. This article focuses on reviewing the construction of ijtihad imam asy-Syafi’i with a concept analysis approach. According to him, the arguments and sources of Islamic law are based on; a) al-qur’an, as-sunnah, ijma`, and qiyas. While in al-Umm, he included qawl shahabah as one of the basis of Islamic law. The construction of ijtihad which he initiated has its own characteristics by combining manhaj ijtihad patterns ahlu al-ra'yi and ahlu al-hadith. The emergence of Imam al-Shafi’i ended a fierce polemic from followers of both faction. However, the legal products he designed do not contain absolute truth, because the results of ijtihad can be true and can also be wrong. He stated my opinion was correct but it could be wrong and the opinions of others were wrong but it could be true.
Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Bagi Karyawan Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Faiz Nashrullah
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Vol 18 No 1 (2021): Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/istinbath.v18i1.3125

Abstract

In the article, the focus of the discussion is on employee terminations that occur during a pandemic, and the things that companies must fulfill when terminating employment, in terms of Sharia Economic Law. The Covid-19 pandemic that hit caused the government to issue a policy to limit the movement of people by implementing a lockdown and/or PSBB policy. The program caused a stagnation of the wheels of the community's economy. Entrepreneurs suffer losses due to unstable economic conditions, and people's purchasing power has decreased drastically. Thus, to avoid greater losses, many companies cut production costs by terminating their employees. From the results of the study, it is known that termination of employment during the pandemic is included in the ijarah category which is in the company's department, which acts as musta'jir (tenant). In ijarah, musta'jir is allowed to terminate the employment relationship with strong reasons, for example, because of the threat of bankruptcy. The things that must be fulfilled by the company such as severance pay and long service awards are adjusted to the applicable law. If there is still a dispute, then the parties can use the islah agreement to find a middle way. So it can be concluded that termination of employment during a pandemic is something that is allowed according to sharia economic law, provided that the company's obligations to employees affected by the termination must be carried out, and if no agreement is reached between the company and employees regarding their respective rights and obligations. each party, then the parties can choose the islah method to find the best solution.
Fundamentalisme Dan Radikalisme: Bentuk Penyimpangan Dari Cita Ideal Hukum Islam St Halimang - St Halimang
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Vol 17 No 1 (2020): Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/istinbath.v17i1.2382

Abstract

The focus of this article is the existence of fundamentalism and radicalism in terms of the discourse construction of Islamic law. This discourse appears based on the possibility of deviating from the ideal ideals contained in the Qur'an and Hadith. This article tries to parse the patterns and characteristics of fundamentalism and radicalism whose axis is based on a religious understanding framework. Based on the search, it was found that, from the existing discourse, it was identified the potential and possibility of this understanding and movement, to emerge in the community. This indicates that there are people who are tough in expressing opinions related to religion, and some have even committed anarchist acts. So it can be concluded that the followers of fundamentalism and radicalism are very strict in conveying their ideas. In fact, they do not hesitate to commit acts of violence in the form of anarchism. However, even so they still have to be recognized as part of the components of society. Because basically, radicalism and fundamentalism movements are a form of attitude against the West and modernism which are considered to have given birth to westernism, secularism, hedonism, pragmatism, uncertainty and the emptiness of life
Praktik Jual Beli Pada Marketplace Shopee Dan Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen husnul fatarib; Suci Hayati
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Vol 17 No 2 (2020): Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/ijh.v17i2.2766

Abstract

The practice of buying and selling in the modern era has developed so rapidly. Buying and selling which has long been done face to face. Customers simply search for the desired item on the available marketplace application, then make transactions for the desired item. As is well known, the market place is a market for all kinds of goods that can be traded. Among the many marketplace applications, one of which is Shopee in this application also provides direct buying and selling and cash payments by transfer, then there is also a sale and purchase where the payment is made when the goods are received by the buyer / paid on the spot (COD), even buying and selling is available. which is done on credit. Of the many existing transactions, transaction failures are not uncommon. This means that sometimes there are items that are not in accordance with what the buyer wants. So it becomes necessary for Shopee marketplace application developers to pay more attention to legal protection for consumers who use the Shopee application.
IMPLEMENTASI ASAS HUKUM PERJANJIAN TERAPEUTIK DALAM INFORMED CONSENT Muhammad Syahri Ramadhan
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Vol 18 No 1 (2021): Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/istinbath.v18i1.2850

Abstract

Therapeutic Agreement is an agreement made because of an agreement between the Doctor and the Patient. Before this agreement is made and agreed upon by both parties, the patient is legally entitled to obtain information about any medical action that will be carried out by the Doctor to the Patient. This information is known as Informed Consent. It is important to apply the principle of therapeutic agreement, which is correlated with the availability of informed consent, so that medical actions taken by doctors against patients do not violate the law and/or cause disputes later. The first problem formulation of this research is how is the existence of informed consent in the legal principle of therapeutic agreement between doctor and patient, and what are the legal consequences if the legal principles of therapeutic agreement between doctor and patient are not implemented optimally. The result and discussion of this is that the existence of informed consent can be reviewed through the principles in contract law in general, namely the principle of good faith, the principle of proportionality and the principle of pacta sunt servanda. The principles of contract law are not implemented because there is no conformity of will between the doctor and the patient, where the doctor is process-oriented while the patient is results-oriented. The conclusion of this research is that Informed Consent should be a manifestation of the principle of pacta sunt servanda in an agreement in the form of Inspanning Verbintenis. The doctor can be said to have no good faith in carrying out the therapeutic agreement with the patient if he does not carry out one or all of the contents of the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia concerning the approval of the medical action.

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