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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences

hayati
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 19783019 EISSN : 20864094 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences

HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.

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Articles 1,091 Documents

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Bioactive Compound from Extract Filtrat Streptomyces sp.Sp1. as Biocontrol of Vibriosis on Larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii shrimps Retno Kawuri; IBG Darmayasa
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 26 No. 1 (2019): January 2019
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Production of Macrobrachium rosenbergii shrimp was limited by vibriosis disease. Streptomyces can be used as an alternative control of vibriosis which is caused by Vibrio anguillarum. Aplication of Streptomyces sp.1 culture could give significant different impacts (p<0.05) on the percentage of survival (SR) of shrimp larvae that had been infected by V. anguillarum compared to the control. This study was conducted to identify and determine bioactive compound of Streptomyces sp.1. The presence of bioactive compound was confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Identification of Streptomyces sp.1 by 16S rRNA partial gene sequencing method. Streptomyces sp.1 was identified to be Streptomyces sp.Sp1. There were 35 chemical compounds identified, the chemical compounds which have antimicrobial properties identified in the n butanol extract of Streptomyces sp.Sp1 are 3-Hexanone, 2-methyl (43%), n Butyl ether (19%) Nonane (CAS) n-Nonane (5.6%), Decane (CAS) n-Decane (3.2%), Hexacosane (CAS) n-Hexacosane (1.9%), Tetracontane (1.3%), Heneicosane (1.9%), Hexadeconoic acid, methyl ester (0.3%), Butane,1,1-dibutoxy (0.3%), and Limonene (0.3%). Benzeneacetic acid, 3-methoxy-.alpha.,4-bis[(tri (0.3%). These results suggested that Streptomyces sp.Sp1 had good general antimicroba activity and might have potential biocontrol antagonist Vibrio anguillarum.

Production and Characteristics of Yeast Dextranase from Soil Vestika Iskawati Wahidul Hijah; Titi Candra Sunarti; Anja Meryandini
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 26 No. 1 (2019): January 2019
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The existence of dextran in sugar cane juice is a major problem in the sugar industry, causing substantial losses. Treatment of dextran through enzymatic hydrolysis using dextranase is highly recommended as the most suitable method at this time because this is more effective and more economical. This study investigated the production and characterization of dextranase from local isolate yeast to degrade dextran on sugar cane juice. The selected yeast was identified on the basis of molecular identification. Dextranase was produced from the culture with the best carbon and nitrogen sources then was characterized. Application of enzyme was also evaluated. As a selected isolate, F4 had the closest relationship with Pichia kudriavzevii. The highest production of dextranase was induced by the supplementation of glucose and combination of yeast extract and peptone. The enzyme had optimum working condition at pH 7, temperature at 30°C and it is more stable at 4°C of storage temperature. The cation Na+ played key role as co-factor while K+ and Ca2+ were detected as inhibitor of the enzyme. Dextranase from F4 isolate can hydrolyze dextran both in pure and in mixed dextran substrate, but with a lower hydrolysis rate.

Ground Vegetation Diversity on Different Type of Riverbank Along Ciliwung River in Bogor City, West Java Amarizni Mosyaftiani; Kaswanto Kaswanto; Hadi Susilo Arifin
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 26 No. 1 (2019): January 2019
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Ciliwung riverbank has been affected by settlement occupation. Both concrete and another retaining wall system have been built to avoid flood and erosion to the settlement that has existed adjacent to the river. Built environment as human disturbance can trigger the change of species richness of ground vegetation in the Ciliwung riverbank of Bogor City. The research objective is to study the difference of ground vegetation biodiversity in three different types of riverbank based on its condition: natural, semi-natural, and constructed riverbanks. Point method and photographic sampling are used. Five replications of a square metre plot at three transects were placed at four sites sampling along 250 m each from the three different types of riverbank. Images of the plots are trained using sample point to overcome the difficulties in the field observation and statistical analysis. The result discovered that species richness in the natural riverbank is significantly higher than in semi-natural and constructed riverbank. Yet, no significance of species richness is shown between semi-natural and constructed riverbank. Total species of ground vegetation that we found were 55 species. Each different type of riverbank has its own highest species coverage: Asystasia nemorum (55.00%) in the natural riverbank, Pilea nummulariifolia (33.07%) in the semi-natural riverbank, and Pogonatherum crinitum (52.80%) in the constructed riverbank. The study concluded that the construction in the riverbank largely altered the biodiversity of ground vegetation in the urban riverbank. The outcomes suggest that the remnant of natural riverbank in the urban landscape should be highly protected from urban development to preserve its biodiversity. Also, species found could be potentially developed as landscape plants to support urban river planning, design, and management.

Genetic Variation of Calpastation Gene of Indigenous Bali Cattle (Bos javanicus) in Indonesia Endang Tri Margawati; Slamet Diah Volkandari; Indriawati Indriawati; Emma M. Svensson
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 26 No. 1 (2019): January 2019
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Calpastatin is one of gene markers affecting meat tenderness. The study aimed to evaluate genetic variation of calpastatin (CAST) gene of Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) in lndonesia. A total of 61 samples consisting of 21 Bali cattle, 22 Ongole cattle (Bos indicus), and 18 Friesian Holstein (FH) cattle (Bos taurus) were applied. The Ongole and FH cattle were involved for breed comparison. DNA was extracted from fresh blood using a High Salt method and measured their quality by a Spectrophotometer. A 523 bp of Calpastatin gene fragment was amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique with RsaI restriction enzyme for genotyping. Result showed that two variants alleles (C and G) and three genotypes (CC, GC, GG) were found in those Bali, Ongole and FH samples. Allele G was dominant allele with the highest G allele was in Bali cattle population (0.88). The higher percentage of allele C was found in Ongole and Friesian Holstein compared to that in Bali cattle. The Ongole breed tends to have a potential source of lean meat quality. This finding identified that genetic variation of CAST gene was exist in Bali cattle and adapted cattle of Ongole and FH in Indonesian.

Optimization Extraction of Xylocarpus granatum Stem as Antioxidant and Antiglycation Eka Winarni Sapitri; Irmanida Batubara; Utami Dyah Syafitri
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 26 No. 2 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Xylocarpus granatum is an Indonesian plant that has bioactives content of phenols and high antioxidant activity on it. The aim of this research was to determine the optimum condition maceration for Xylocarpus granatum stem as antioxidant and antiglycation. The optimum conditions of maceration were effected by the extraction variables (concentration, sample/solvent ratio, extraction time) were evaluated using surface response method. The optimum condition was determined from the recovery of the respons. The optimum condition of maceration is predicted to be achieved when the solvent concentration is 52.25%, the extraction time is 15.92 hours, sample/solvent ratio is 1 g/9 ml with the response (yield, total phenol content, flavonoid, inhibition for 2,2’-diphenylpicryl hydrazyl, capacity of 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and inhibition antiglycation were 12.81%, 1.95 mg of gallic acid/g extract, 62.33 μg quercetin/g extract, 41.11%, 0.71 TEAC, and 112.33%, respectively). Optimization extraction conditions shows that the extraction variables have significant effect on respons so it can reduce the extraction time, economic, and produce high bioactivite constituens.

Morphologycal and Molecular Partial Histone-H3 Characterization of Bintan Sea Snail Gonggong (Strombus sp.) as a Species Validation Lily Viruly; Nuri Andarwulan; Maggy T. Suhartono; Mala Nurilmala
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 26 No. 2 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Sea snail gonggong is an icon of Tanjungpinang-Riau Islands Province. It is a favorite seafood item in Riau Islands Province, and is high economic value but not known widely yet. Until now, sea snail gonggong has been highly exploited but the research on this snail is very limited. The aim of this study was to morphology and molecular characterization of Bintan gonggong snail (Strombus sp.) as a species validation. Bintan gonggong snail included thick-shelled gonggong and thin-shelled gonggong. Morphology identifcation of species Bintan gonggong snail was based on morphometric variability. Molecular identifcation used partial Histone-H3, MEGA version 6.06, and bioinformatics analysis. The result showed that the morphological identifcation of thick-shelled and thin-shelled gonggong based on shell width, the lip thickness, and total weight signifcantly diﬀerent, but other variables (i.e shell length, shell depth, aperture length, and gonggong weight) were not signifcantly diﬀerent (p<0.05). Resulted of a molecular identifcation with phylogenetic analysis that the thin-shelled and thick-shelled Bintan gonggong snails were 1 species and a genetic distance of 1%. They were not species Strombus canarium, Strombus vitatus, and Strombus epidromis. Bintan gonggong snails were Strombus turturella (Leavistrombus turturella). DNA sequences of Bintan gonggong have been registered in Gen-Bank with registration numbers MH348131 (thinshelled gonggong) and MH348132 (thick-shelled gonggong).

Tropical Peatland Identification using L-Band Full Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Imagery (Study Case: Siak Regency, Riau Province) Desti Ayunda; Ketut Wikantika; Dandy A. Novresiandi; Agung B. Harto; Riantini Virtriana; Tombayu A. Hidayat
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 26 No. 2 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

From previous research reported that tropical peatland is one of terrestrial carbon storage in Earth, and has contribution to climate change. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is one of remote sensing technology which is more efcient than optical remote sensing. Its ability to penetrate cloud makes it useful to monitor tropical environment. This research is conducted in a tropical peatland in Siak Regency, Riau Province. This research was conducted to identify tropical peatland in Siak Regency using polarimetric decomposition, unsupervised classifcation ISODATA, and Radar Vegetation Index (RVI) from SAR data that had been geometrically and radiometrically corrected. Polarimetric decomposition Freeman-Durden was performed to analyze radar backscattering mechanism in tropical peatland, which shows that volume and surface scattering was dominant because of the presence of vegetation and open area. Unsupervised classifcation ISODATA was then performed to extract “shrub class”. By assessing its accuracy, the class that represents shrub class in reference map was selected as the selected “shrub class”. RVI then was calculated using a certain formula. Spatial analysis was then conducted to acquire certain information that average value of RVI in tropical peatland tend to be higher than in non-tropical peatland. By integrating selected “shrub class” and RVI, peat classes were extracted. The best peat class was selected by comparing with peatland referenced map which is acquired from the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Resources and Development (IAARD) using error matrix. In this research, the best peat class yielded 73.5 percent of Producer’s Accuracy (PA), 81.6 percent of User’s Accuracy (UA), 66.1 percent of Overall Accuracy (OA), and 0.1079 of Kappa coefcient (Ks).

Ecology and Conservation of the Endangered Banteng (Bos javanicus) in Indonesia Tropical Lowland Forest Dede Aulia Rahman; Riki Herliansyah; Puji Rianti; Ujang Mamat Rahmat; Asep Yayus Firdaus; Mochamad Syamsudin
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 26 No. 2 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Banteng, Bos javanicus, as wild cattle is a vital and importance source of germplasm in Indonesia. Various human activities currently threaten their conservation status. Nonetheless, no long-term monitoring programmes are in place for this species. Using distribution point and statistical analysis based on 46,116 camera trap days from December 2015 to January 2017, we aimed to provide habitat preferences, activity patterns and ecological data for banteng population in Ujung Kulon National Park (UKNP). It is the largest population of banteng in Indonesia and is living in a limited habitat area. According to the best occupancy model, the most suitable areas for this species were the secondary forest located at the center portion of UKNP. The presence of the invasive cluster sugar palm, Arenga obtusifolia, in dry season provides additional alternative food for banteng when its main food is scarcer in the forest. Banteng was cathemeral all year round, with the proportion of cathemeral records and the recording rate did not change with the protection of the level area, moon phase or season. To reduce the probability of encountering predators, banteng avoided the space use of dholes. Selection and avoidance of habitats was stronger than avoidance of the predator activity areas. Habitat competition from domestic cattle which grazed illegally in the national park appears to be a problem to the species since zoonosis appears from domestic cattle to banteng. Therefore, eﬀective law enforcement and an adequate conservation strategy are required to eliminate the impacts of both direct and indirect threats.

In vitro and In vivo Antiplasmodial of Stem Bark Extract of Garcinia husor Healthy Kainama; Sri Fatmawati; Mardi Santoso; Pieter Kakisina; Taslim Ersam
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 26 No. 2 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Garcinia husor is one of the folk medicines in Maluku-Indonesia. This species has been used for the treatmet of Malaria disease. The phytochemical contents and antiplasmodial activity not reported yet. In this study we evaluated the quantitative phytochemicals, in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activity of stem bark ethyl acetate extract. In vitro assay was done using P. falciparum 3D7 strain sensitive of chloroquine. For in vivo analysis, four groups of M. musculus were infected by P. berghei and their parasitemia levels were for 7 days of treatment with ethyl acetate extract; hematological and biochemical parameter were analyzed at the end of experiment. The result showed ethyl acetate extract with the TPC (169.47 mg GAE/100 g ±0.61) and TPC (167.37 mg QE/100 g ±1.05) was active against P. falciparum 3D7 strain (IC50 value of 0.31±0.43 μg/ml). The animal treated with extract showed suppression of parasitemia to 87.57±1.41% compared with the P. berghei infected-mice (negative control), ED50 value of 22.30 mg/kg BW. The dose of extract in 200 mg/kg BW was reduce parasitemia of infected mice with P. berghei more potential. The ethyl acetate of the stem bark G. husor with has antiplasmodial properties and future investigation are necessary to elucidate its mechanism of action.

Biodegradation of 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis (4-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT) by Mixed Cultures of White-Rot Fungus Ganoderma lingzhi and Bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa Erly Grizca Boelan; Adi Setyo Purnomo
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 26 No. 2 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

This study investigated the biodegradation of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (4-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT) by mixed cultures white-rot fungus Ganoderma lingzhi BMC 9057 and bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cultures bacteria P. aeruginosa with various volumes 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 ml (1 ml ≈ 1.53 x 109 bacteria cells/ml cultures) was added into 10 ml G. lingzhi cultures for degrading DDT. After 7 d incubation, DDT was degraded about 100% with addition of 5, 7, and 10 ml of P. aeruginosa culture into G. lingzhi. Two metabolites; 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (4-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDD) and 1-chloro,2-2-bis (4-chlorophenyl) ethylene (DDMU) were detected from mixed cultures G. lingzhi and P. aeruginosa as metabolite products of DDT. This research indicated that mixed cultures of whiterot fungus G. lingzhi and P. aeruginosa could be used to degrade DDT.

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