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Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
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Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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IQ Difference before and after Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Surgery: First report from Indonesia Muhamad Thohar Arifin1 , Fajar H. Niantiarno1 , Nabila Amalina1 , Hardian2 , Muttaqin Z
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10731

Abstract

Epilepsy is a serious disorder of the brain, affects almost fifty million people in the world. About 40% of the patients finally became refractory to epileptic drugs, especially those with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). This refractory condition may cause psychosocial decline, including patient’s intelligence. Surgical therapy has an important role in stopping further damage to brain cells caused by repeated seizures. The elimination of the seizure after surgery will hopefully results in better intelligence score. This study aims to find out the effect ofsurgical therapyin TLE patients after surgery. We were using a Quasi Experimental study with One Group Pre-test and Post-test design. The samples were taken with consecutive sampling method. Subjects were 15 TLE patients who underwent anterior temporal lobectomy and have passed at least one year postoperative period, and also had done an intelligence quotient (IQ) test before surgery. IQ before and after surgery were measured with WAIS and WISC-R method. The statistical tests used were paired t-test. We found the verbal IQ after surgery(98.8±9.88(76-119)) were significantly higher(p=0.01) comparedwithpreoperativeverbalIQ(92.7±9.60(77-113)). On the other hand, performance IQ after surgery (98.2±8.64(82-115)) were higher compared with preoperative performance IQ (96.0±9.39(75-116)) but it was not significant (p=0.5). Total IQ after surgery (97.8 ±7.69(81-107)) also higher compared with preoperative total IQ (93.9±9.28(75-115)) but also not significant (p=0.08). Postoperative verbal IQ improvement was found compared with preoperative verbal IQ.
Relationship Between Farmers Weaknesses About Knowledge of Formulation and Feed Technology on Feed Conversion in Alabio Ducks Muhammad Aftabuddin Rijaluzzaman1, Pudji Srianto2 , Chairul Anwar Nidom2 , Rini Fajarwati3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10732

Abstract

The study aims to determine and analyze the relationship between breeders’ knowledge about feed formulations and the conversion value of duck feed. The subjects in this study were Alabio duck breeders in Hambuku Raya Village and Putat Atas Village, Hulu Sungai Utara, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia with observed objects in the form of Alabio duck feed conversion and breeders’ knowledge of feed formulation knowledge and Alabio duck feed technology. The research method used was non-experimental explorative, the researcher did not give treatment to the group of Alabio ducks and conducted a survey by distributing questionnaires to farmers. Observation of feed conversion is carried out for 3 (three) months from February-April 2018 in each group. Observation of feed conversion is carried out starting from Alabio ducks to produce eggs, which are about 6 months old. Testing of feed conversion, normal data using analysis of variance (Anova), if significant continued with LSD. Survey research is the stage of analyzing using SWOT analysis to determine the level of weakness and strength in the framework of the development of Alabio ducks in the Hulu Sungai Utara Regency of South Kalimantan Province. The results of the analysis of feed conversion of the three groups were not significantly different, the group of Putat Atas Ducks for feed conversion an average of 4.51 ducks Hambuku Raya 1 group an average of feed conversion every month 5.30, the ducks of the Hambuku Raya 2 group the average conversion of feed every month 4.75. SWOT analysis value of weakness factor is 1,764, this factor includes one of them is knowledge of farmers about feed formulation. The results of this study are in line with the results of feed conversion in the first stage of research, the value of feed conversion obtained is still relatively high at 4.51-5.30. The conclusion is the SWOT analysis score of weakness factors one of which is the lack of knowledge of farmers about formulation and feed technology affect the high feed conversion.
Scores Consumption of Functional Foods based on Local Foods in Pregnant Women Buginese in the city of Makassar Mustamin1, Sirajuddin1,2, Tapriadi3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10733

Abstract

Background Recent evidence is known that functional foods are foods that provide the latest prospects for preventing nutritional problems not only because of their macro and micro nutrient content but their bioactive components that have an effect on the methylation process at the cellular level. Objective: the purpose of this study was to determine the consumption of functional foods based on local foods in pregnant women in Makassar City Method: A cross sectional study design. The sample size was 647 pregnant women taken from 41 Puskesmas in Makassar City, except the Sangarrang Kepulauan Puskesmas. Functional food intake was collected using the FFQ method, Macro and micro nutrient intake with Food recall 2 x 24 hours. The data collection enumerators were 21 graduates from Nutrition III / IV graduates. Enumerators are trained for two days. Results; showed that functional foods consumed by pregnant women based on local foods are sources of fiber, probiotics, Vitamin C, carotenoids, omega 3/9 and folifenol respectively (39.03 ± 36.78), (21.15 ± 7.74), (38.44 ± 30.9), (90.04 ± 50.53), (83.42 ± 60.42) and 166.57 ± 92.66). Conclusion; is that consumption of functional foods based on local foods in pregnant women is good.
Activity of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Merremia mammosa Hall as Anti-Influenza A (H1N1) Neny Purwitasari1 , Mangestuti Agil2 , Herra Studiawan3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10734

Abstract

The outbreak of influenza A viruses (H1N1 and H5N1) has raised a global concern on the future risk of a pandemic. Oseltamivir, the current neuraminidase inhibitor, could not meet the demand if there is a major outbreak. Thus, there is a need to find alternative treatment for influenza A, especially from natural herbs. The objectives of this study were to determine antiviral influenza A activities of Merremia mammosa Hall against influenza A H1N1. People in Madura island, Indonesia used this rhizome to cure tuberculosis. In this research, Merremia mammosa Hall rhizome was extracted gradually using n-hexane to remove the non-polar compound. The residue was extracted using ethyl acetate to obtain semi-polar extract. The ethyl acetate fraction of Merremia mammosa Hall was subjected to in vitro antiviral assay against influenza A (H1N1) virus using Hemagglutinin Assay. This is a method for titering influenza viruses based their ability to attach molecules present on the surface of chicken red blood cell. The virus was incubated in embryonated chicken eggs and treated by ethyl acetate fraction of M. mammosa for 3 x 24 hours. Allantoic fluid was harvested and subjected on hemagglutinin assay to measure the titre of virus after treated with the fraction. The ethyl acetate extract of Merremia mammosa Hall can reduce the titer of hemagglutinin virus by 97.39% at concentration 1000 µg/mL In conclusion, Merremia mammosa Hall has the potential to be developed as agent of antiinfluenza A infection.
The Effect of Flavonoid Fraction from Vitex trifolia Leaves on Pandemic-2009 H1N1 Influenza A Virus Propagated in Embryonated Chicken Eggs Neny Purwitasari1 , Krisma Agung Subarka2 , David Fransnado Grismana Putra2 , Herra Studiawan3 , Kun
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10735

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate antiviral activity of flavonoid fraction of Vitex trifolia leaves towards influenza A viruses H1N1 pandemic-2009 that were propagated in embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs). Fraction that rich of flavonoid compounds was isolated from the crude ethanolic extract using column chromatography, prior to be subjected to antiviral inhibition assay. The assay was evaluated by using hemagglutination (HA) test. The HA titre reduction of the virus was counted after being treated with the flavonoid fraction, compared to untreated one. The result showed that percentage of inhibition of this flavonoid fraction against pandemic-2009 H1N1 influenza A virus are 37.50%, 71.25%, 71.25% at concentration 125 ?g/mL, 500 ?g/mL, and 750 ?g/mL, respectively. In conclusion, the flavonoid fraction of Vitex trifolia leaves showed effect to reduce viral hemaglutinine, the enzyme that has a crucial role in the initiating step of virus infection, without possesed any toxicity to ECEs.
Determinants of Teenage Pregnancy in Indonesia Nikmatur Rohmah1,2, Ah Yusuf3 , Rachmat Hargono4 , Agung Dwi Laksono5 , Masruroh6 , Ilyas Ibrahim7 ,
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10736

Abstract

The phenomenon of teenage pregnancy in Indonesia has increased annually, but only a few studies that indicate its predictors. The present research aimed at anlyzing the determinants of teenage pregnancy in Indonesia. The study used secondary data obtained from the Indonesian Demography and Health Survey (IDHS) in 2017. The independent variables are as follows age, wealth status, education, occupation, and marital status. On the other hand, the dependent variable is teenage pregnancy. The data were analyzed using binary logisctic regression. It was found that age is a significant determinant of teenage pregnancy. The richest teenager has 0.61 higher possibility of getting pregnant than the poorest. A teenager with higher education is 0.03 times more possible to get pregnant than one that has not gone to school before. Moreover, a working teenager has the possibility to get pregnant higher than that of not working teenager by 1.47 times. The present study empirically proves that marital status is not a determinant of teenage pregancu. While the four other variables, such as age, lower wealth status, no education, and working have been proven as determinants of teenage pregnancy in Indonesia.
Some Theoretical and Practical Issues of Medical Geographical Research Nilufar K. Komilova1 , Aliqul K. Ravshanov2 , Lolakhon K. Karshibaeva3 , Komila Q. Ishankulova4 , Zu
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10737

Abstract

In the context of globalization of global economy and intense competition and steady increase in population, mortality rates among people with infectious and parasitic diseases are increasing. International organizations are also paying much attention to fighting these problems and their consequences. In particular, the UN Sustainable Development Program up to 2030 emphasizes “issues related to the elimination of immunodeficiency, tuberculosis and malaria epidemics in the period up to 2030, as well as measures to combat hepatitis and other waterborne infections”. Successful implementation of these tasks requires stabilization of nosocheological and nosogeographic situations in arid climates. Medical geographical situation in the regions is one of the most important factors determining the development of society and the way of life of the population. Addressing medical geographical problems and improving public health, reducing morbidity and increasing life expectancy are of vital scientific and practical importance.
Study of Nozogeographic Situation and Its Study on the Basis of Sociological Survey Nilufar Kh. Komilova1 , Lolakhon K. Karshibaeva2 , Umriniso T. Egamberdiyeva3 , Zulfiya L. Abduvalie
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10738

Abstract

Development of scientific and practical recommendations on improvement of nosogeographic situation by assessing the impact of nosogeographic situation on the territorial structure of diseases and pathological processes of population in Samarkand and Navoi regions. This includes an analysis of the pathological processes associated with the disease of the population of Samarkand, Navoi regions and their districts; Identification and evaluation of natural, socio-economic geographical factors and nosogeographic situation affecting the health of the population in the regions; medical geographical analysis of some infectious diseases occurring among the population of the regions and their specificity; Determine the main problems in the nosogeographical condition of the regions, the prognosis of the existing diseases among the population. The study identified groups and types of diseases that occur in the regions of the region such as Khatirchi, Qiziltepa, Bulungur. The nosocomial situation was assessed on the basis of a sociological survey method.
Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reaction in Morocco – Evaluating the Knowledge of Pharmacists Youssef Moutaouakkil1 , Esso Eric Valery Latt1 , Rachid el Jaoudi2 , Mina Ait el cadi2 , Yahia Cherr
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10739

Abstract

Background. Pharmacy professionals, as the most available members of medical team, have an important role in educating patients about Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reaction (CADR). Our aim was to evaluate pharmacists’ knowledge of the cutaneous drug reaction, and their recommendations under hypothetical situations, through a written questionnaire. Methods. based cross-sectional study was conducted among community pharmacists working at the private sector of the rabat-salé-zemmour-zaer region using a structured interviewing questionnaire. Results. Ninety- eight pharmacists completed the questionnaire (response rate 48%). The mean overall score was 52.87 ± 23.19% correct answers. The majority of pharmacists (66,32 %) estimated that they view more than a Patient with CADR each month, and only forty-seven pharmacists underwent CADR related training during the year preceding the survey. Pharmacists obtained the highest correct scores on the true/false statements inquiring about Cutaneous reaction due to drugs definition, classification and the most common medication classes implicated in Cutaneous reaction due to drugs, Overall, the true/false questions were relatively easier to address, compared with the multiple choice questions (63.60 ± 13.15% vs. 51.18 ± 24.12%, respectively; p < 0.01). Only 14 pharmacists were familiar with Cutaneous reaction due to drugs sach as ( Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia, contact dermatitis, Nail Disorders, bullous pemphigoid ). Longer time since training completion was associated with a lower total score (38,77 ± 9% vs. 61,22 ± 11% for the pharmacists who were in practice 5 years or less and those with longer time in practice, respectively; p < 0.05). Conclusion. Pharmacists were knowledgeable regarding some aspects of CADR. However, our study, as in previous studies among health care professionals, identified some gaps in knowledge. These findings indicate the need for better education of pharmacists regarding CADR and its supported.
Improved Oral Hygine as A Result of Successful Toothbrushing Intervention in a Restricted Community Islamic Boarding School Pindobilowo1 , Dwi Ariani2 , Nadia Shabrina Amalia3 , Taufan Bramantoro4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10740

Abstract

Introduction: Brushing teeth is an important thing to do since it is one of the factors that affect oral hygiene, especially to remove plaque on the teeth.1 The ability to brush teeth properly and correctly is a fairly important factor in maintaining dental and oral health, especially in adolescence.5 The purpose of study to explain the differences in plaque scores before and after toothbrushing training using Bass technique in adolescents Method: The sample were 100 students aged 12-15 years old in grades 7, 8 and 9. This study design was experimental quasi and using a pre-test and post-test after 7 days to determine the difference in plaque scores before and after the training. The plaque index method that used to examine oral hygine was Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP). Comparison between plaque scores before and after training evaluated using Wilcoxon test. Result: Examination of PHP index before training shows 81 samples (81%) in poor criteria, then most subjects undergoes improvement after training. There were 94 samples (94%) experienced decrease or improvement in plaque score whilst 6 samples (6%) did not show improvement after training. Median of plaque score before training was 4.3 (0.2-5 (SD=0.502)) afterwards improved to 2.2 (0-4.8 (SD=0.496)). Wilcoxon test obtained a value of p<0.05 which was 0.000. Conclusion: There were significant differences in plaque scores before and after toothbrushing training using Bass technique.

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