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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Forensic-Medical Criteria for Evaluation of Poisoning by Alcohol Surrogates Shokhsanam Yadgarova1, Sherzod Ruziev2, Khasankhodja Abidov3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12864

Abstract

Introduction: According to statistical data, fatal poisoning by alcohol and its surrogates account for morethan 55% of all poisonings. Fatal poisoning by alcohol surrogates equals for about 3-5%. The number ofpoisonings by organic solvents and technical fluids taken orally as alcohol surrogates has risen sharply.The widespread availability of these compounds and poor public awareness of their toxic properties lead topoisoning by these substances, and the frequency of such poisoning has a strong tendency to increase.Materials and Method: 20 archival forensic medical reports on the corpses of people who received chemicalintoxication due to poisoning by alcohol surrogates. The subject of the study was the effect of poisoningby alcohol surrogates on human systems and organs. Forensic medical examination of the corpses wascarried out according to the generally accepted method in the first 10-18 hours, but no later than 24 hoursafter death. Quantitative determination of alcohol surrogates in biological material was carried out by gaschromatographic and spectrophotometric method.Results: The most common signs of external examination of corpses in all cases studied during the studywere clearly defined bluish-violet cadaveric spots (in 100% of cases), pale pink conjunctiva (in 86% ofcases), and cyanosis puffiness of the skin of the face (in 74% of cases). Meanwhile, the most significant ofthe microscopic signs characteristic of most of the studied cases during forensic histological examinationwere: plethora of vessels in the lung tissue (in 100% of cases), edema of the pia mater and brain tissue (in86% of cases), edema and focal hemorrhages in the lung tissue (in 84% of cases).Conclusion: Respiratory, cardiovascular systems and pancreas are most vulnerable target organs for alcoholsurrogates and leads to early morbidities in people who consume chronically. The changes can be foundmacroscopically as well as microscopically in corpses during forensic medical examinations.
Nephroprotective Effects of 2nd Type Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter Inhibitors: A Literature Review Botir Daminov1, Sherzod Abdullaev2, Rano Igamberdieva3, Olimkhon Sharapov4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12865

Abstract

Introduction: A wide range of oral hypoglycemic drugs with various mechanisms of effect are available forthe treatment of patients with 2nd type diabetes mellitus today. Despite the high effectiveness of these agentsin the normalization of glycemia, they cause different chronic complications in many patients with 2nd typediabetes mellitus. However, during the last years, a range of principal new data has been accumulated onthe pleiotropic effects of the last classes of oral hypoglycemic agents — inhibitors of the 2nd type sodiumglucosecotransporter (SGLT2).Materials and Method: Three electronic databases were checked to find out studies reporting the data onthe mechanisms and clinical significance of the nephroprotective effect of inhibitors of the sodium-glucosecotransporter of 2nd type (glyphlozines) in patients with 2nd type diabetes mellitus. The primary outcomewas to learn the worldwide tendency on this matter and to compare the results of different researchers.Results: We found 25 studies as eligible for our review. The review presents data on the mechanisms andclinical significance of the nephroprotective effect of inhibitors of the sodium-glucose cotransporter of 2ndtype (glyphlozines). The effects associated with the influence of representatives of this pharmacologicalgroup on the glomerular filtration rate, glycemia, diuresis, ketogenesis and other factors are discussed. Theresults of recent experimental and clinical studies aimed at studying certain aspects of the nephroprotectiveeffect of SGLT2 inhibitors in 2nd type diabetes mellitus and other pathological conditions were analyzed.Conclusion. SGLT2 inhibitors associate with a multicomponent nephroprotective effect, which confirmedby the results of both experimental and clinical studies. The nephroprotective potential of SGLT2 inhibitorsis maximally realized in the presence of diabetes and remains not entirely clear in the case of another kidneypathology.
Assessment of Hearing in Children with Cerebral Palsy Gavkhar Khaydarova1, Aziza Madrimova2, Khalida Shaykhova3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12866

Abstract

Introduction: The objective of this study is to identify the prevalence and nature of auditory analyzerpathology in children with different forms of infant cerebral palsy by recording otoacoustic emission andrecording short latency brainstem auditory evoked potentials.Materials and Method: The subject group consisted of 75 children, 40 (53%) males and 35 (47%) werefemales, ranging from 3 to 14 years of age with a confirmed diagnosis of cerebral palsy on the basis of apsycho-neurological hospital in Tashkent. (Uzbekistan). The examination of children was carried out bythe following method: clinical examination of patients (general and otorhinolaryngological) and functionalresearch method of the auditory analyzer.Results: All children underwent acoustic impedancemetry, including tympanometry with determination ofthe type of tympanogram and acoustic reflex. The data obtained revealed a bilateral lesion of the peripheralpart of the auditory analyzer. Beilateral sensorineural hearing loss was detected in 21-I-II degree, in 12-III degree and in 15-IV degree. Marked changes in the main parameters of BAEP were detected in thestudy of the stem structures of the auditory analyzer in children with cerebral palsy. Thus, disorganization,configuration disturbances of the component composition (I, III, V) were noted.Conclusion: Thus, the study revealed a disorder of auditory function by sound-detecting type and justifiedthe need for hearing correction in these children. Evaluation of auditory function made it possible todetermine the level of auditory analyzer injury and localization of the process from the results of a complex,objective examination.
Clinical Features of Early Diagnosis and a Choice of Method of Surgery for Hirschsprung Disease in Infants Ulugbek A. Khamroev1, Bakhtiyor B. Ergashev2, Rajabboy I. Isroilov3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12867

Abstract

The aim of this study is to improve the results of surgical treatment of Hirschsprung’s disease in infants bychoosing the most effective method.This article presents the results of the treatment of Hirschsprung’s disease in 61 patients of infancy. However,immediate and long-term results of the children’s treatment with HD, operated on in infancy, using thetraditional Soave-Boley method and modern minimally invasive technologies according to TENTC andthe Georgeson method, which show different results, have been studied. Among 26 patients who had beenoperated on by the Soave - Boley method, the following results were obtained : excellent - in 10 (38.4%);good - in 8 (30.7%); satisfactory - in 6 (23%) and unsatisfactory - in 2 (7.6%). Among 29 patients operatedon by the TEPT method, except for one patient, excellent and good results were obtained in 28 (96.6%)patients. What is more, among 6 patients who had been operated on by the Georgeson method, excellentand good results were obtained in all cases; there were no satisfactory or unsatisfactory results. It shouldbe noted that among the operated HD patients according to the Soave-Boley method, there were severepatients, of which 7 patients had a colostomy in the neonatal period.At the same time, radical one-stage surgical treatment for distal forms of HD using minimally invasive TEPTmethod is a priority in infancy, which can reduce complications to a minimum with improved functionaloutcomes of treatment, relative to two-stage treatment.
Especially the Development of Myocarditis in Hypothyroidism in Postnatal Ontogenesis Mirzamukhamedov O.Kh.1, Mirsharopov U.M.2, Sodikova Z.Sh.3, Akhmedova S.M.4, Khatamov A.I.5, Mirzabe
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12868

Abstract

The morphological changes in the myocardium of the offspring were studied when the mother hadhypothyroidism in the rat to the female mother during the feeding of the rats.The aim of our work was to identify structural and morphological changes in the walls of the heart of babyrats born to mothers in a state of hypothyroidism and the use of the antioxidant Mexidol.The material for the experiment, served microscopic myocardial preparations of 50 rats of different periodsof early postnatal ontogenesis.Results: The morphological structure of the myocardium of the heart of baby rats born to mothers, dystrophicchanges were observed in a state of hypothyroidism. The observed changes reached a maximum by the 14thday of studies, manifested by perivascular and interstitial lymphohistiocytic infiltrate. Changes should alsooccur in the ultrastructure of the heart, which leads to changes in myofibrils, damage to the mitochondria,which affect the microvessels with a violation of the components of the vascular walls, which are developingintercellular edema
Neuroimmunological Characteristics of Idiopathic and Symptomatic Epilepsy in Accordance with the Clinical Course Ra’no B. Azizova1, Nargiza N. Abdullaeva2, Iqrorjon I. Usmonaliev3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12869

Abstract

The authors have scientifically determined an immunoreactivity enhancement, which one can indicate bya change in the level of neurotropic autoantibodies in relation to proteins and neurotransmitter receptors inepileptogenesis and the formation of aberrant plasticity among patients with symptomatic and idiopathicepilepsy. Epilepsy is a variant of autoimmune dysregulation, in which an increase in the content ofautoantibodies in relation to neuro-specific proteins and neurotransmitters causes the genesis, progressionand preservation of the pathological process in accordance with the etiological factor.A new impulse to study the problem of epilepsy immunopathogenesis should be the ideas of in the lastdecade about the function inseparable integration of the two main integrative body systems: the central andthe immune nervous systems2. On the basis of information about neuroimmune interaction, new scientificdisciplines — Neuroimmunology and neuroimmunopathology formed5.
Our Experience in Treatment Acute Surgical Diseases of the Abdominal Cavity in Patients with Situs Inversus Viscerum (Transposition of Internal Organs) S.R. Baymakov1, S.Sh. Yunusov2, U.R. Jamilov3, Sh.Kh. Bobokulov4, Sh.Sh. Boltaev5, Sh.Sh. Jonibekov6
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12870

Abstract

Situs viscerumtotalis is a fairly uncommon anomaly of the mirror-imaged arrangement of the peritonealcavity organs with a frequency of distribution in the range from 1: 5000 to 1: 20 000. Such an arrangementof internal organs is found in one case per 10 million2. In the early embryonic stage, the internal organs arelocated along the midline of the body. Normally, in the course of their subsequent development, they growand rotate to the right, and – exceptionally rarely – to the left, which leads to the reverse arrangement ofinternal organs, i.e., to their transposition. In the case of complete (total) transposition of internal organs, allof them are inverted. In the case of partial transposition, it involves inversion of all or some organs of oneof the body cavities (heart, stomach, duodenum and caecum, spleen). Dextrocardia, a condition in which thecardiac apex is pointed to the right, was first described by Marco Severino, in 1643. Matthew Baillie firstdescribed situs inversus more than a century later.
State Rubricator of Scientific and Myoma, Senior Reproductive Age and IVF/IVF+ICSI is there Any Connection? M.M. Maksudova
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12871

Abstract

In women of older reproductive age, due to the physiological decrease in the ovarian reserve and morefrequent concomitant gynecological disorders, the effectiveness of the IVF/IVF-ICSI protocols is significantlyreduced, which is associated with a smaller number of obtained oocytes and low quality of embryos 5.
Inconsistency of Seams on the Uterus after Cesara Section Problems and Ways of their Solution Farida Mirzaevna Ayupova1, Nargiza Mirzaevna Umarova2, Gulnara Makhsudovna N
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12872

Abstract

Cesarean section is currently the most common delivery surgery, which leads to the occurrence of diverse innature changes from the internal genital organs. This primarily concerns the uterus, where a postoperative scarforms in the area of the former incision. This article presents histomorphological and immunohistochemicalsigns of a uterine scar after cesarean section in the lower uterine segment. The features of tissue regenerationin the area of the incision made on the uterus after cesarean section were revealed. Some method fordiagnosing and treating uterine scar failure are also presented.
Stability Research of “Biomayrin” Capsules Nilufar E. Mamatmusaeva1, Shavkat A. Shomurotov2, Bakhodir Tahirovich Sagdullayev3, Abbaskhan S. Tur
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12873

Abstract

Research objective is to study the stability and shelf life of Biomayrin capsules, which were obtained bychemical modification of high-molecular weight compounds by incorporation into polymers.Materials and Method: “Biomayrin” capsules weighing 600±6 mg containing isoniazid, rifampicin,ethambutol, polygalacturonic acid and calcium stearate, obtained by disk dosing into capsules No.0. Theshelf life was set by the method of “accelerated aging” when the samples were stored in PVCA1 blisterpacks (20 capsules each) at the temperature of 600? in the thermostat TV-80-1. The tests “Decomposability”of capsules and “Average mass and homogeneity by mass” were conducted in accordance with therequirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the XIV edition. Experiments were conducted in at least threerepetitions. Decompressibility of capsules was determined on PJ-3 Tablet Four-usage Tester (China).Isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol were quantitatively determined in solution by spectrophotometry (SF).The analysis was performed on SHIMADZU UV-1601, UV-VISIBLE spectrophotometer in 1 cm cuvetteagainst the background of the solvent. The pH value was controlled with the EV-74 universal ionometer.Mathematical processing of the results was carried out according to General monograph. 1.1.0013.15“Statistical processing of chemical experiment results” using standard computer programs MsExcel.Results: The results on properties of capsules at storage of 600? and 250? are shown, after dissolution thecontent of active substances (isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol) in preparations was within the limitsof regulated norms (60-120 mg), at 600? it is for isoniazid 101, 7-106.7 mg, at 250? 100.1-106.0 mg forrifampicin the regulated norm was 72-132 mg and at 600? it was 94.2-92.2 mg, and at 250? it was 94.7-91.2mg, as well as ethambutol hydrochloride content was 60-120 mg and at 600? it was 62.5-60.5 mg, and at250? it was 62.0-60.2 mg.Conclusion: “Biomainrin” capsules with different expiration dates were investigated, and also the changeof their quality according to the indicators “Active substance content” and “Dissolution” was found. It wasshown that after the expiration of the shelf life there is a gradual decrease in the active ingredient content

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