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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Protection of Human Rights in the Context of Combating of Counterfeiting Medicines: Theoretical and Legal Issues of International Cooperations Filei Yurii Vladimirovich1, Davidov Pavel Grigorovich2, Dmytro Yermolenko3, Koverznieva Hanna4, Vasy
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12874

Abstract

The article highlights the problematic issues of implementing of the best international practices in protectionof a human and human rights, and counterfeiting medicines in the context of globalization. Every stateexists for man, for the protection of universally recognized rights and freedoms. Counterfeiting of medicalproducts and other similar crimes require attention in any country in the world.Counterfeiting is not an exception in developed countries in Europe, such as the Netherlands, Belgium,Sweden, Switzerland, Finland, Norway, Denmark, and Austria. This problem is global for, both, legal andpublic administration science. It is widespread throughout the world, and the negative effects of this crimehave severe consequences that affect people’s lives and health.
Cytology and Genotyping of High-Risk Human Papilloma Virus from Female Sex Workers in Makassar Juan1, Sharvianty Arifuddin2, Abdul Rahman3, St. Nur Asni1, Syahrul Rauf2, Masita Fujiko4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12875

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to determine the results of cytological examination and genotype of high riskHPV in women work as femalesex workers (FSW)at Makassar, South Sulawesi.Method: This study designed as analytical study with a cross sectional analysis approach and samplecame from female sex workers in the Makassar city. Research was conducted in the localization area ofsex worker, and conducted from March 2019 - September 2019. The research sample consist of womenwith reproductive age who sex workers, and meet the inclusion criteria. The cytological examination wasperformed using the Thin Prep Pap Test and the DNA HPV detection (genotyping) using the reverse dot blot“flow through” hybridization method. Data were analyzed with SPSS.Results: Our study found that most of the FSWs who were sampled are > 30 years old (61.3%), had <9 yearsof education (66.3%), were married (77.5%), nulliparous (62.5%), being FSW> 1 year (86.3%), age at FSW? 15 years (73%), age at first coitus ?15 years (82.3%), number of sex partners within a month ?5 (61.3%),the last number of sexual partners in the last 1 month<5 (58.8%), did not have an Sexual TransmittedInfection (STI) (96.3%). The number of FSWs who using and not using condoms was comparable (50%each), and all samples had never vaccinated with HPV vaccine. It was found that based on the type of lesion,most FSW samples had non-specific and non-bacterial cervicitis (60%) and the remaining 40% had nolesions. Based on the distribution of HPV genotypes in commercial sex workers, most of the samples had ahigh risk HPV of 25%. Duration to be FSW connected with high risk HPV (p <0.05).Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between duration of being FSW and high risk HPV genotype.Our study highlited that FSWs who work for >1 year are prone to having high risk HPV.
Comparing the Effect of Combined Therapy of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy and Ice Massage with Combined Therapy of Therapeutic Ultrasound with Paraffin Wax Bath in Treating Trigger Finger Yu Chye Wah1, Chen Zhun Yi2, Kshtrashal Singh3, Koh Kim Hua4, Susmitha Govind3, Veni Chandrakasan4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12876

Abstract

Introduction: Trigger finger is a common hand disorder characterized by locking, catching, or clicking withrange of motion of the affected finger. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness ofcombined therapy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) and ice massage to the combined therapyof therapeutic ultrasound (US) and paraffin wax bath in treating trigger finger. Method: 19 patients wereassigned to the US + wax bath group while the remaining 10 were assigned to ESWT + ice massage group.The effectiveness of the treatment was assessed using visual analog scale (VAS) to measure pain score andQuick-Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (Quick DASH) questionnaire to assess the functionalityof the affected limb at 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week after the initial treatment. Results: The US + wax bathgroup had reduced more pain and improved more hand function than the ESWT + ice massage group forall visits. Conclusion: This study was not able to prove the hypothesis that ESWT + ice massage group wasbetter than US + wax bath in treating trigger finger. However, a similar study like this but with larger samplesize, individualized protocols for ESWT participants, longer study durations and conducted by experts inESWT is able to show which treatment is better in treating trigger finger.
Correlation between Duration of the Second Stage and Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength in Primiparous Women Following Vaginal Delivery and Caesarean Section Witono Gunawan1, TrikaIrianta2, AjardianaIdrus3, Maisuri T. Chalid4, David Lotisna2, Rina Previana3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12877

Abstract

Introduction: Women underwent caesarean section tend to have higher pelvic floor muscle strength;however,pelvic floor muscle strength in women underwent caesarean section in the second stage of labor have notbeen widely studied. This study aimed to assess correlation between duration of the second stage of laborwith pelvic floor muscle strength in primiparous women underwent vaginal delivery and caesarean section.Materials and Method: In this prospective study, 58 primiparous women underwent vaginal delivery andsecond–stage caesarean section were recruited from hospitals affiliated with Hasanuddin University inMakassar, Indonesia. Pelvic floor muscle strength was measured at 6 weeks following delivery. Correlationanalysis was performed to estimate the correlation between pelvic floor muscle strength and duration of thesecond stage.Results: Demographical characteristics were similar between groups. Primiparous women in caesareansection group had longer duration of second stage than women in vaginal delivery group(206,38 + 107,66minutes versus 61,89 + 36,67, P< 0.001). Mean pelvic muscle floor strength in primiparous women underwentsecond stage caesarean section were similar to women underwent vaginal delivery(41,99 + 8,59 cm H2Oversus. 41,83 + 12,44 cm H2O, P= 0.954). Duration of the second stage had no correlation with pelvic floormuscle strength in both vaginal delivery (r= 0,248; P = 0.195) and caesarean section (r = -0,083; P = 0.669).Conclusion: Duration of the second stage may not alter pelvic floor muscle strength regardless of mode ofdelivery.
User Centered Portable Suspension Therapy Unit Design & Testing on Healthy Volunteers Kaviarasu Mahalingam1, Karthikeyan Jayabalan1, Sree Vamsi1, Yu Chye Wah2, Angeline Qnah Lie Mun3, Kh
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12878

Abstract

Background: Suspension is a therapeutic skill that suspends a body and eliminates effects of friction to easethe movements. It is very beneficial in both musculoskeletal and neurological field.Objective: To make suspension therapy more accessible for a physiotherapist domestically which providean opportunity for patient to receive suspension therapy in any occasion.Study Design: Pilot study.Sample Size: 30 healthy subjects from Hospital or AIMST University (with various body sizes).Discussion: The overall satisfaction level for the Portable Suspension Kit is pleasant. The subjectsacknowledge that suspension therapy helps to improve range of motion and is suitable for home rehabilitationand both statements score the highest which is 3.9667±0.66868 out of 5. On the contrary, the subjects agreeless on the stability of the frame which results show 3.7±0.98786 out of 5. Whereas, for R.A. tracker, theoutcome of accuracy level turned out to be 65.2% which is of moderate range and the result is acceptable fora new prototype. P > 0.652 is not statistically significant due to the sensor sensitivity of calibration. Thus, westrongly agree that the deficiency needed to be improved to allow accurate visual feedback.Conclusion: The making of ‘Portable Suspension Kit’ is successful and indeed is convenient to carry around.Suspension therapy can now be widely used in any occasion on the patients. Nevertheless, it still has more toimprove especially on the stability and the material used to make it safer, lighter and easier to carry.
The Comparison of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Screening between the One Step Method and the Two Step Method Arini Estiastuti1, Deviana Soraya Riu1, Nur Rakhmah1, St. Maisuri T. Chalid1, Nugraha Utama Pelupess
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12879

Abstract

This research aimed to compare the results of gestational diabetes mellitus (DMG) screening based on theOne Step and Two Step method. This research was a cross-sectional study conducted in pregnant women24-28 weeks of gestation who meet the research criteria. The diagnosis of gestational diabetes using theOne Step and Two Step method was each carried out on 53 pregnant women so that the total sample ofthe research was 106 pregnant women. The results showed that 28.3% of pregnant women (15/53) werediagnosed with DMG with the One Step method compared with 3.8% (2/53) of pregnant women diagnosedby the Two Step method. There was a significant difference (p <0.05) between the diagnosis results ofthe two DMG diagnosis method. Further analysis of DMG risk factors showed that the highest positivelikelihood ratio (LR +) was found in the history of macrosomia with LR + = 4.45 with the One Step methodwhile the highest LR + for the Two Step method was found in obesity factors for pregnant women withLR + = 6.57. The highest positive predictive value (PPV) for the One Step method of 46.70% was foundin pregnant women with risk factors for obesity while the Two Step method was found in pregnant womenwith a history of DM (PPV = 100%). Pregnant women diagnosed with DMG were significantly greater in theOne Step method than the Two Step method. History of macrosomia (is found) as a risk factor for pregnantwomen diagnosed with DMG with the One Step method, while a history of DM for the Two Step method.
To Compare the Effectiveness of Taping and Arch Support on the Flexible Flat Foot on a Random Population J. Karthikeyan1, Kshtrashal Singh1, Susmitha Govind1, Kaviarasu Mahalingam1, Sree Vamsi1, Pavithra A
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12880

Abstract

Background: Flat foot is also known as Pes planus caused by injury, prolonged stress on the foot, obesity,and faulty biomechanics. This will cause the posterior tibial tendon dysfunction, collapse of the foot archand developed flat foot (Pes planus).Objective: Many of the research studies show the prevalence of flexible flat foot is on raise in recent timesdue to any number of factors. The majority of researchers focused independently on the effectiveness ofKinesio taping and arch support. So we aim to compare the effectiveness of Kinesio taping and medial archsupport.Method: The study design is an experimental study. The study will be conducted at Aimst University, Kedah,Malaysia. Total of 30 participants of both the gender, age between 18 to 30 years, who have a limitation ofROM and pain while performing dorsiflexion and plantar flexion, will be recruited. Each participant willundergo pre-test and post-test screening for an assessment of Body Mass Index (BMI), ROM, pain, physicalexamination, and Staheli Arch Index. Later the participants will be divided into two groups by a convenientsampling method. Group A participants will undergo exercises related to strengthening of foot musclesalong with non-allergic taping technique while Group B participants will undergo exercises related to thestrengthening of foot muscles along with medial arch support.Data Analysis: Data collected is using IBM SPSS Statistics 23 for analyzing the data. For statistical analysisof the range of motion, VAS scale and Staheli Arch Index, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used. Tocompare the outcome of Kinesio Taping and Medial Arch Support, Mann-Whitney U test was used.Result: After statistical analysis, a significant improvement was found in the range of motion and VASScale. The level of improvement (p<0.05) was significantly high with Kinesio Taping in flat foot.Conclusion: The present study concluded that the application of Kinesio tape to flat feet was an effectiveintervention method for immediately reducing abnormally increased foot pressure and tone and stiffness inthe lower extremities muscles and considered to be the most effective intervention for subjects with flat foot.
The Relationship between Prediabetes and Body Mass Index of Outpatients at Dr. Dody Sarjoto Hospital at Maros Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia Junedi Sitorus1, Nurhaedar Jafar2, Ridwan Amiruddin3, Sukri Palutturi4, Veni Hadju2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12881

Abstract

Objective: The prevalence of prediabetes is increasing worldwide. According to the International DiabetesFederation in 2016,6.7% of the world’s population lived with this condition and estimated to rise to 7.8%in 2040. In general, prediabetes is accompanied by excess body mass index. Therefore, the purpose of thisresearch was to determine the relationship between prediabetes and body mass index of outpatients in theinternal medicine polyclinic at Dr. Dody Sarjoto Hospital, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi.Method: This was an analytical research design with cross sectional approach, involving 143 prediabetespatients. Secondary data were obtained from the record books of the hospital and subjected to Chi Squaretest.Result: The highest number of prediabetes cases were within the age range of 40-50 years (58.7%), amongfemale (73.4%), patients with high school education (58.7%), and in 81.1% of patients with family historyof DM. Furthermore, the result of the Chi Square test was 0.041, greater than <0.05, indicating a relationshipbetween prediabetes and BMI.Conclusion: There was a relationship between the cases of prediabetes and BMI of outpatients at dr. DodySarjoto Hospital, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi
Pandemic Corona (Covid-19) and Health Law Protection Birkah Latif
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12882

Abstract

Pandemic Corona (Covid-19), which struck all countries in the world, not only caused anxiety but also thenumber of victims that were not insignificant. This has caused the state to make efforts to manage healththat is categorized as a disaster. Standards for health services also follow the rhythm of the victims that arenot small every day. For this reason, it is necessary to examine whether the risk of spreading a pandemicin health is part of legal protection and whether a pandemic is part of disaster mitigation that receives legalprotection. The linkage to health protection during the pandemic and law as the basis for policies to be ableto implement health decisions and policies, which certainly requires effective and fast treatment.
The Analysis of Antenatal Care During Covid-19 Pandemics in The Working Area of Public Health Center of Tangerang City Triana Indrayani1, Vivi Silawati1, Retno Widowati2, Sukri Palutturi3, Ridwan Amiruddin4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12883

Abstract

Covid-19 spreads from one person to another person through close contact in the form of droplets torespiration track. The physiological changes that happen to the body system is primarily on respiration andimmune system. Such changes give higher possibility on pregnant mothers to be infected by covid-19. Inorder to decrease the infection risk, national policy suggests to omit hospital visit which is not important andchanges it into distance care or virtual visit using phone or video call. Quality Antenatal Care (ANC) serviceis a service provided to pregnant mothers according to the service standard. Quality service is formed fromservice quality dimension. This research was carried out using analytical survey through cross sectionalapproach. The research population was all pregnant mothers in the working area of Public Health Center ofTangerang City chosen through total sampling. The data were collected using questionnaire (google form).Research finding resulted that during Covid-19 pandemics, there was 72.2% of the subjects who obtainedsuitable Antenatal Care. The research concluded that service quality of ANC during Covid-19 pandemicswas in accordance with the service guidelines established by the government.

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