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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Pattern of Alleged Homicidal Deaths in and Around Cooch Behar Region Deepmalya Sengupta 1 , Pranabesh Bharatee 2, Saikat Saha 2 , Rajib Prasad 3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13539

Abstract

Homicidal deaths are a significant public health problem and affect every society around the world. Theincidence of homicide has seen a worldwide upsurge with varying trends across geographical locations.Detailed information on the characteristics of victims of homicide from the Cooch Behar region is limited.This article explores recent trends of homicide in the Cooch Behar region. The study was conducted betweenJune 2019 to May 2020 at the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Cooch Behar GovernmentMedical College and Hospital, Cooch Behar. 1133 autopsies were conducted over the time-period with 70homicidal deaths. Most of the victims were males (70%) with a male to female ratio of 2.33:1. 34.3% ofvictims were between the ages of 21 – 30 years. Most of the victims were laborers (18.6%) while Hinduismwas the most common religion (65.7%). 06:00 pm to 12:00 midnight was the time when the majority ofthe incidents took place and 68.5% of victims were brought dead. Injuries by hard blunt weapons andsharp cutting weapons were responsible for maximum deaths, constituting 21 (30%) and 15 (21.4%) casesrespectively. Multiple regions of the body were involved in 35.7% cases followed by head and face regionwith 34.3% cases. This study is significant as it aims to identify the profile of risk factors of victims ofhomicide and suggest new lines of research that would help to reduce the number of homicides.
Evaluation of Posture and Quality of Life in Females Undergone Modified Radical Mastectomy: A Research Protocol Aachal Birelliwar1 , Shalaka Dhankar2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13540

Abstract

Modified radical mastectomy performed for CA breast is a life modifying surgery for most women. It createsa profound impact on the quality of life enjoyed by the women. Body image in patients with breast cancerdiffers from all other cancers. The assessment of quality of life after modified radical mastectomy for earlybreast cancer patients using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief Questionnaire (WHOQOLBREF) .Women suffers from day to day activities. Postures become impaired. Postural changes, such as increase inthoracic kyphosis , scoliosis leads to poor postural habits. There is also decrease in shoulder range of motion, scapular muscles weakness . Contractures may develop in axilla after surgery. Breast cancer survivors havemuscle weakness of upper limb are Pectoralis major, serratus anterior, upper trapezius, rhomboid muscles,latissimus dorsi .Spine alignment also may effect due to poor posture. Women with Modified Radical mastectomy may havesome social phobia . Anxiety, stress level may increase. Women may have fear of recurrence. Because of thisfactors , there is impaired Quality of Life in Women.Conclusion: Breast cancer is a serious disease that reduces the quality of life, particularly in physical domainand in the emotional area. Oncological disease is becoming a disease for a lifetime. It connected with theconstant fear of cancer recurrence and the consequences of treatment.
Retraction in Orthodontics – A Short Review R. Vighnesh1, Ashith M.V2, Siddarth Shetty3, Supriya Nambiar4, Nidhin Philip Jose5, Shravan Shetty6,
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13541

Abstract

Aim- The aim of this review is to discuss about the retraction mechanism in orthodontics and to discuss indetail regarding the mechanism of action and their application in orthodontics.Objective- To list out the difference types of retraction mechanics used and their merits and demeritsBackground- The basic principle of retraction mechanism can be used in orthodontic space closureinvolving retracing the canine initially followed by remaining anterior teeth or entire anterior teeth can beretracted at once using intra or extra oral anchorage. They are broadly classified into friction and frictionlessmechanism. Once the extraction of the teeth has been done, the orthodontist must choose the procedure toretract the teeth based on the demand of the case. This article provides the basic information of both themechanics and their application in orthodontics.Reason- This review mainly done for better assessment and benefits of retraction mechanics and itsappliances
Study of Replantation and Revascularization of Limb and Its Parts Aditya Damani2 , Priyank K.Katwala2 , Vinayak Lokare3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13542

Abstract

Background: Traumatic amputations may be devastating and can result in irreversible functional andpsychological problems in individuals who sustain them. With developmental advances in microvascularsurgery, amputated body parts are now routinely attached in many centres across the world. Successfulreplantation of amputated digits may allow better appearance, better functional outcome and minimal painto the patient.Materials and Methods: This is Prospective observational descriptive study comprising of 20 cases withtraumatic amputation of extremities and its parts treated with replantation and revascularization of part fromOctober 2014 to February 2017. Nature of injury was classified by Yamano classification of amputationbased on mechanism and severity of injury. Patients were evaluated by Chen & Quick DASH score.Results: The viability of replanted part is guranted by a successful vessel anastomosis, while the qualityof bone, tendon, nerve and skin repair will determine the overall functional success of replanted parts.Revascularisation procedures had overall better survival than replantation due to less complexity ofprocedure.
Reliability of Different RBC Indices and Formulas in the Discrimination of ?-Thalassemia Minor and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Surabaya, Indonesia Yulia Nadar Indrasari1 , Yetti Hernaningsih1 , Munawaroh Fitriah1 , Arifoel Hajat1 , I Dewa Gede Ugr
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13543

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated the RBC indices in differentiating ?-thalassemia minor and iron deficiencyanemia in a healthcare center. This was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design usingblood specimens of children aged 3 years to 17 years with microcytic hypochromic anemia based onthe results of complete blood counts and evaluation of peripheral blood smears. Calculation of the RBCindices was performed as an initial screening to differentiate ?-thalassemia minor and iron deficiencyanemia. Iron profile examination and hemoglobin electrophoresis were performed to confirm the diagnosisof ?-thalassemia minor and iron deficiency anemia. The results of the independent samples t-test showedsignificant differences in Hb, MCV, MCH, and MCHC between ?-thalassemia minor and iron deficiencyanemia (p <0.05). The results of the Mann Whitney test showed a significant difference in the MentzerIndex to distinguish between ?-thalassemia minor and iron deficiency anemia (p <0.05). Also, the resultsof the independent samples t-test showed significant differences in the Green & King formula, Sirdah etal. formula, and the Maltos and Carvalho Index (p <0.05). The Green and King formula has a diagnosticsensitivity of 78.6% and a specificity of 76.6% and an accuracy of 78.03%. Various formulas based on theresults of complete blood count parameters have been developed to detect ?-thalassemia minor in areas witha high prevalence of ?-thalassemia with different sensitivity and specificity. In this study, it showed that theGreen and King formula has a diagnostic sensitivity of 78.6% and a specificity of 76.6%, and an accuracyof 78.03%. Green and King’s formula can be applied as an initial screening to differentiate ?-thalassemiaminor and iron deficiency anemia
The Effect of Interleukin-10 And Its Relationship with The Level of White Blood Cells in Women Spontaneous Miscarriage Undergoing Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) technique Dhirgam F. Hassan Al-Shimerty1 ; Alaauldeen S. M. AL-Sallami2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13544

Abstract

This study was conducted on 84 samples of women subject to the ICSI program . Blood sample was taken tomeasure WBC count , Interleukin-10 and ?-hCG levels . Groups were divided based on the ?-hCG level totwo groups (Pregnant Women Group - Pregnancy Failure Group) and the total of pregnant women dividedinto (Pregnancy Group and spontaneous miscarriage) .The results of the current research showed a significant increase in the level ?-hCG and that the increasein the level of this hormone is evidence of the presence of high success rates for pregnancy in women whoperformed operations IVF, where the success rate at the beginning of the matter reached 61.9%, after whichit decreased to 33.3% after the first three months due to the occurrence of spontaneous miscarriage ofpregnant women due to various immunological and physiological reasons, as well as a positive correlationbetween the level of ?-hCG and other parameters within the study (Interleukin-10 -WBC).The results of the current research also showed a significant difference between the group (pregnancyfailure) and the group (spontaneous miscarriage) compared with the control group (continued pregnancy)in relation to the level of Interleukin-10, Also, The results of the current research showed a significantdifference between the group (pregnancy failure) and the group (spontaneous miscarriage) compared withthe control group (continuation of pregnancy) in relation to the level of WBC, and the present study found apositive relationship between the level of Interleukin-10 and WBC
Constitutional Right to Vote for People with Mental Disorders (PMWD) with Case Study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Diastama Anggita Ramadhan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13545

Abstract

The right to vote as one of the constitutional rights is certainly in favor of all Indonesian citizens, includingthose who suffer mental disorders. The Constitutional Court through the Constitutional Court Verdict Number135/PUU-XIII/2015 has stated people with mental disorders, as long as their condition is not permanent,they can vote. However, this verdict has the potential to violate the constitutional rights of the citizen. Thisresearch location will be carried out in the Special Region of Yogyakarta where it is one of the provinceswith the largest mental disorder communities in Indonesia. This research uses a normative juridical methodand focusing on literature studies as its main sources. This research will conclude about the method usedby people with mental disorders to access their right to vote. Furthermore, it will also explain the extent towhich the Constitutional Court’s decision has an impact on patients with psychiatric disorders in the SpecialProvince of Yogyakarta.
Purified Pyocyanin from Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Enhances Antibiotic Sensitivity Against Some Pathogenic Bacteria Duaa Ghazi1 , Hasan Faisal Kahya2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13546

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most life-threatening pathogen. It is considered nosocomialopportunistic microbe that cause wide range of infections including wound and burn infections, respiratoryinfections, and Otitis media. Despite the efficiency of antibiotics against infectious diseases, P. aeruginosastill causes complicated infections with antibiotic resistance in many clinical strains. The pigments producedby P. aeruginosa exhibits antibacterial properties. Thus, we have examined its ability to enhance antibioticseffect against some pathogenic microbes. 286 samples were collected from patients with different infectionswho visited Mosul hospitals. 76 samples were positive to P.aeruginosa. Among them, 38 (13.28%) of isolateswere isolated from surgical infection, whereas, 12 (4.19%), 11(3.84%), and 7(2.447%) were isolated fromOtitis media, Urinary tract infection, and pus, respectively. The pyocyanin in low concentrations showedsynergistic effect with some antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. E. coli becamesensitive to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid when mixed with 100 mg/ml pyocyanin. However, cloxacillindid not show any activity against Staph.aureus when mixed with 1 mg/ml and 6.25 mg/ml pyocyanin. Staphaureus became sensitive to nalidixic acid when mixed with 1 mg/ml pyocyanin.
Efficacy of Plyometric Training on the Agility in Police Cadets Dushyant Bawiskar1 , Pratik Phansopkar2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13547

Abstract

Background: Plyometric training is a hybrid between strength and endurance training. This allows musclesexert maximum force in short intervals of time, with the goal of increasing power (speed-strength) whichensures better agility in police cadets. Agility has been defined by the capacity to retain or determine thelocation of body by shifting its direction rapidly in a sequence of movements. Agility, speed and explosivepower are qualifying components of physical fitness and desirable athletic performance, and play a key rolein most sports. Agility can enhance the coordination and regulation of locations of the body throughoutmovement.Objective: To study the efficacy of the 6-weeks and 12-weeks Plyometric training on the agility in policecadets.Method: 40 Cadets aged above 18 years were grouped into two. A group continued their regular activitieswhile rest underwent 2 sessions of plyometric training every week for 6 weeks, along with their dailyactivities. Analysis was then carried out with assessment of T-test Agility test, Illinois Agility Test, EdgrenSide Step Test. Study duration is 6 months and intervention duration is 12-weeks, hence participants will beenrolled during first 3-months of study so 12 week intervention will be completed successfully. Assessmentwill be done on 1st day of visit then at the end of 6th week and again at the end of 12th week. Participantswould have to perform 2 session of Plyometric Training per week in other group.Result: Data will be analyzed using paired T-test.Conclusion: Will be published after the results are analyzed.
Correlation between CD4 T lymphocyte and Candida Species Counts In Oral Candidiasis Patients with HIV / AIDS Dwi Murtiastutik1 , Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoswa2 , Indah Setyawati Tantular 3, Evy Ervianti1 , Afif N
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13548

Abstract

Background: Candida sp. is the most common opportunistic pathogen found during the development ofHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) & Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) disease. Theclinical severity of oral candidiasis and the prevalence profile of Candida species reflect immunologicalchanges in HIV / AIDS patients. Objective: Evaluating the relationship between CD4 T lymphocyte cellscounts and the number of Candida species. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried outat Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya, Indonesia. For identification of Candida species, culture was carried out onChromagar media followed by culture with vitek 2. Results: There were 114 study subjects who weredivided into three groups based on the number of CD4 T lymphocyte cells, with 158 isolates of Candidaspecies growing in culture. The highest number of Candida species was Candida albicans with a total of 107isolates (67.7%). Candida non-albicans were 51 isolates (32.3%). Statistical test results showed a significantcorrelation between the number of CD4 T lymphocyte cells and the number of Candida species (p <0.001).Conclusion: The decrease in CD4 lymphocyte cell counts is influenced by various types of Candida sp. inoral candidiasis patients.

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