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<![CDATA[Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) for University Students ]]>
<![CDATA[Natik Fahal Al-Kubaisy1, Uday Khalid Abdul Jabbar Al Qaisy2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13643
<![CDATA[Complex posttraumatic stress disorder is a diagnostic construct which tries to capture complex traumareactions in face protracted and repeated psychological trauma. These reactions which compromise specificsymptom constellation may be missed if there is focus on classical posttraumatic syndrome. Iraqi populationendured four decades of instability which created atmosphere of protracted repeated trauma situation whichnecessitate examining complex trauma reactions. The aim was to create a tool for examining complextrauma reactions within Iraqi population and examining rates and nature of these reactions in a sample ofIraqi population. Random sample of medical students were examined for exposure to traumatic events andcomplex psychological trauma reactions. The tool used for examining complex trauma was made accordingto criteria of disorders of extreme stress not otherwise specified; validity and reliability of the tool wasverified and rates of traumatic events and rates and nature of reactions were examined. Most of participantsconfirmed exposure to more than one traumatic event and 25% fulfilled criteria of complex trauma syndrome.Rates of complex trauma reactions are high in this study. Large population studies are needed to confirm thisfact, which means extensive efforts are needed at clinical and social levels for proper help to be provided totraumatized individuals.]]>
<![CDATA[Revealing Potency of Bioactive Compounds as Inhibitor of Dengue Virus (DENV) NS2B/NS3 Protease from Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Leaves ]]>
<![CDATA[Viol Dhea Kharisma1,2, Rasyadan Taufiq Probojati1 , Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo1 , Arif Nur Muhammad An]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13644
<![CDATA[his study aims to identify the potency of bioactive compounds of sweet potato leaf as inhibitory agentto dengue virus (DENV) NS2B/NS3 protease by using computational study. The 3D structure of NS2B/NS3 protease was collected from PDB and the 2D structure of several bioactive compounds of sweetpotato leaf were obtained from PubChem. The visualization and data analysis were performed by usingthe PyMol software. According to the in silico analysis, result demonstrated that dehydroabietinol had thelowest free energy binding. However, based on the protein-ligand analysis, all the compounds showed thehydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction. All the compounds with hydrogen bond could not be interactedwith catalytic domain, but hydrophobic interaction could be interacted to the target domain via Ser135 by?-Selinene and His51 by ?-Caryophyllene. In summary, we conclude that ?-Selinene and ?-Caryophyllenemight have potencies as a therapeutically drug for dengue.]]>
<![CDATA[The Role of EMMPRIN in Perirenal Fat Invasion Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ]]>
<![CDATA[Vira Yasmina Ramadhani1,2,3, Anny Setijo Rahaju4,5,6, Nila Kurniasari4,5,6]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13645
<![CDATA[Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignancy of the kidney, and Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma(CCRCC) is the most common type. Accurate prediction of prognosis is valuable for therapy and followup. EMMPRIN is a transmembrane protein of the immunoglobulin family and is associated with tumourproliferation, invasion and metastasis. This study aims to prove the role of EMMPRIN in perirenal fatinvasion CCRCC. This analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach conducted in AnatomicalPathology Institute of Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya that used 44 samples of paraffin blocks from radicalnephrectomy preparations for CCRCC patients at the period of January 2013-December 2018, which weredivided based on perirenal fat invasion status. The analyzed was using Spearman test. EMMPRIN expressionis positively correlated with perirenal fat invasiveness (p = 0.019) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.EMMPRIN expression is related with perirenal fat invasiveness, in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.]]>
<![CDATA[Measuring the Health Impact of Drinking Water Sources in El-Fashir, Sudan ]]>
<![CDATA[Waed Alahmad1 , Ahmed Abu-Rayyan 2 , Najm Eldinn Elsser Elhassan 3,4, Mohammed Ismail Humaida 3,5]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13646
<![CDATA[The study aimed to assess the physical and chemical condition of drinking water in El-fashir city, Sudan. Theparameters studied are; Electrical conductivity (EC), nitrates, pH, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) and fluorinewere analyzed at water points and in the laboratory. Results were processed on SPSS software. The studyrevealed the pH results, which were distributed between 6.8 to 8 for samples from hand pumps 1 and 2 andtank water, respectively. The residual chlorine concentration (RC) in the water supply system of the selectedstations ranged between 0.2 to 0.6 mg /L. The concentration of nitrate level ranged from 3. 4.5 mg/L, whichis within the acceptable range of the standards for WHO and SSMO standards. The study also determinedthe level of fluorine, which ranged between 0.17 - 0.41 mg/L, which is within the acceptable range of thestandards for WHO and SSMO standards. This study found that all results fall within the permissible limitsof the standards of WHO and SSMO standards except the hand pumps.]]>
<![CDATA[Incidence of Toxoplasma Gondii and Relationship with Some Inflammatory Factors in Babylon Province ]]>
<![CDATA[Widad Hashim Yahya Almuhana1 , Ahmed Khudhair Al-hamairy2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13647
<![CDATA[The study included collecting (60)-blood samples from people who were attending the Children’s MaternityHospital in Babylon Province ,then the Latex test was used to diagnose Toxoplasmosis. The results of thestudy showed that the percentage of infection with toxoplasmosis in Babylon Province was(11.66%),theinfection (IgG) for females was (9.61) out of (52)-samples, and the injury (IgM) for females was (3.84) outof (52) samples, whereas the infection was for males in relation to:IgG (0%) out of (8 samples) for the total percentage of IgG-against is(8.3%)IgM (0%) out of (8 samples) and the total percentage of IgM- antibody is(3.3%).Upon detection of (CRP)-proteins, the study included collecting (60)blood samples for people who werereferred to the Children’s Maternity Hospital in Babylon Governorate, and then the(CRP)-test and itsrelationship to toxoplasmosis were used. The study results showed that the total percentage of active phaseproteins for people with toxoplasmosis in Babylon Province, it reached 50% ((the percentage was in femalesby(53.84%) while the percentage in males was 25%)). The current study showed that the percentage ofsensitivity of (IgG ,IgM)-antibodies is (8.3%, 3.33%) respectively while the percentage of specificity of(IgG) and (IgM)-opposites was (91.66% ,96.6%) respectively.Objectives of The Study: Because of the recent spread of toxoplasmosis infection and the increase inmiscarriage rates among pregnant women, the present study aimed to determine the infection of this parasitein Babylon Governorate between males and females alike, as well as to know the prevalence of toxoplasmosisand its relationship to the active phase proteins CRP]]>
<![CDATA[Phylogenetic Analysis of TTV (TorqueTeno Virus) in Iraqi Woman Suffering of Failure Kidney Disease ]]>
<![CDATA[YasameenHasan Ali1 , Tariq M Quasim2 , DBEL Wahab R.Alshaikly3]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13648
<![CDATA[There are still very few studies of the Torque Tenovirus infection rate between hemodialysis patients inIraq. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the frequency of TTV viremia in hemodialysis Iraqi patients.This study has carried out in Baghdad city from October 2019 to February 2020 and included 150 patientswith kidney failure disease undergoing hemodialysis and 50 control subjects .Blood samples have beenobtained for serological TTV detection. The result shows PCR has been used to detect TTV, isolates havebeen identified through N22 region sequencing and phylogenetic analysis has also been performed. Of the150 patients, 2 (1 male and 1 female) were TTV positive.The results shows in ( isolate 14) substitutionfour Transversion A>C, C>G,A>T, and T>A three Transition T>C,A>G, and T>C of Specific region withinTTV(N-22) and showed 94% identified with a standard in Gene Bank while having 99% identified witha standard in Gene Bank with (isolate 17) substitution fiveTransversion A>T,A>C,T>A, A>Tand C>GthreeTransition A>G,A>G and T>C . The phylogenetic analysis showed that identical among themselvesand the world with 100% compatibility values.]]>
<![CDATA[Comparison of Different Diagnostic Techniques for the Identification of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Using Serum Tnf-? Levels as a Biomarker for Evaluating the Severity of Tuberculosis ]]>
<![CDATA[Yaser Jasem1 , Al-khatony2 , Halah Abdulkhaliq Awadh Alhadethy3 , Mahmood Abduljabar Altobjy4]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13649
<![CDATA[Background and Objective: Pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) is a serious disease that mainly affects thelungs. The aim of this study was a Comparison between conventional, and molecular methods to diagnoseM.tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and using serum TNF-? levels as a biomarker for evaluating the severity ofthe disease. Methodology: The study analyzed 586 sputa collected from suspected pulmonary tuberculosispatients (217 female and 369 male) their ages ranged from 16 to 66 years for mycobacteriological study,while the immuno-study included 85 blood samples that collected from eighty patients and five healthypersons (45 male,40 female) their ages (18-66) years. We tested all sputum samples by AFB direct stain andGX methods, while we cultured sputum restrictively for Patients who have two different outcomes by AFBdirect stain and GX methods. TNF-? levels have been measured by sandwich ELISA in patients and healthypersons. Results: Our result showed detection of (135\586) patients infected with M.tuberculosis complex(MTBC) and (1\586) patient infected with non-mycobacterium tuberculosis(NMT) by AFB direct stain andGX methods comparing with culture method as a gold standard. Sensitivity and specificity for AFB directstain and GX techniques for diagnosis PTB were (15.0% and 100% ) and (95.0% and 66.7% ) respectively.On the other side, TNF-? levels were elevated in inpatient groups compared with healthy persons. The meanof TNF-? levels measured in multidrug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients was higher than in othercases. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that the sensitivity of the GX technique is higher comparedto other techniques, and serum TNF-? levels can be used as a biomarker for evaluating the severity ofpulmonary tuberculosis.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Resveratrol in Expression of Caspase-7 and Retinal Ganglion Cells in a Rat Model With Traumatic Optic Neuropathy ]]>
<![CDATA[Yunita1,2 Budu3 , Andi Muhammad Ichsan4 , Habibah S Muhiddin4 ,]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13650
<![CDATA[Objective: To analize the effect of resveratrol to the expression of caspase-7 and density of retinal ganglioncells in a rat model with Traumatic Optic Neuropathy (TON) compared to control.Methods: This is an experimental study using Wistar rats. Samples were divided into four groups. Onenormal control group, 1 TON control group and 2 TON resveratrol groups. TON induced by clamping theoptic nerve retrobulbar with Hartmann Mosquito 2,5 inch. Resveratrol was given 10 mg/Kg and 20 mg/Kgin two resveratrol groups. Enucleation was performed 1 day after to evaluate the expression of Caspase-7 byimmunohistochemistry and density of retinal ganglion cell by hematoxicilin eosin staining.Results: Caspase-7 expression was lowest in the resveratrol 20 mg/kg treatment group (4.00 ± 2.00)compared to resveratrol 10 mg/kg treatment group (6.00±2.23), TON control group(6.00 ± 6.78) and normalcontrol group(7.20 ± 2.58). Retinal ganglion cell density was highest in the resveratrol 10 mg/kg treatmentgroup (27.23±2.75) compared to resveratrol 20 mg/kg treatment group (24.89±5.83), normal controlgroup(24.19±2.39) and the lowest in TON control group (22.96±4.62). Based on the Pearson correlation test,it was found that there was no correlation between Caspase-7 expression and retinal ganglion cell density ina rat model with TON (p: 0.178; r = 0.314)Conclusions: Resveratrol administration shows effect in lowering apoptosis marker caspase-7 and preservingretinal ganglion cell in traumatic optic neuropathy.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Ascorbic Acid and Selenium intake on serum Cortisol in rats Under Restraint Stress ]]>
<![CDATA[Zahraa Abdel Al-Jawad1 , Ali A. Al-Fahham2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13651
<![CDATA[Over the recent years ,vitamin C and selenium have been a clear line of defense against the effects of stress.The goal of the study is to indicate the effect of restraint stress in rats on the serum levels of cortisol, the roleof vitamin C and selenium supplement in stress relief by determining their effect on serum cortisol . fortyWistar rats were divided randomly into four equal groups (n=10), all the animal except negative controlexposed to restraint stress for six hours a day . the first group were supplemented with vitamin C in a doseof (50 mg/kg bw/day) orally, the second included given selenium in a dose of (0.02 µg/kg bw/day) orally,the control included ten rats . Blood was collected on 20th days, and serum cortisol were measured byenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results showed that supplement of rats with vitamin C hadhigh significant increasein serum cortisol in stressed rat (14.65 ± 5) compared to those with no stress (8.77± 4) which constitute the negative control . The study also revealed that supplement of rats with vitamin C ,Selenium and (vitamin C + Selenium) have highly significantly increased serum cortisol level to be (10.42 ±3.78), (10.29 ± 4.54) and (12.77 ± 3.57) respectively compared to stressed rats . It is concluded that chronicstress restriction can result in cumulative initiation of cortisol secretion in rats. Intake of vitamin C canrelieve stress by increasing decreasing cortisol .]]>
<![CDATA[Gene Expression and Serum IL-23 in Asthmatic Iraqi Children ]]>
<![CDATA[Zahraa Tahsen Abdulkareem1 , Basima Q. Hasan AL-Saadi2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13652
<![CDATA[Asthma is a non-communicable inflammatory airway disorder in which patients present with recurring boutsof breathlessness and wheezing. IL-23 is a proinflammatory cytokine its biological functions have beenwell known for the capability to enhance Th17 cell functions. Current study aimed to estimate the geneexpression and serum level of IL-23 and to investigate whether IL-23 plays pivotal roles in the developmentof asthma in asthmatic Iraqi childhood . This study was conducted on two groups: seventy five asthmapatients (27 female and 48 male) and twenty five apparently healthy as a control group (10female and 15male).The age of the samples ranged from (1-10) years old. Recruited from admitting the Central TeachingHospital Pediatrics and Alzahra’a Center for Asthma Allergy in Baghdad during the period extended fromOctober /2019 to last February/2020. Subject information’s were collected using a specific questionnaireform as a descriptive study; on the other hand, the present study was approved by the council of instituteof genetic engineering and biotechnology for post graduate studies / University of Baghdad. The RNA wasextracted from the blood sample of asthma patients and apparently healthy subjects by using TransZol UpPlus RNA Kit (blood) .The acceptable purity of RNA in asthmatic patient is range between 1.84-1.99 and forapparently healthy group is range between 1.84-1.96.mRANA expression were determined by real time PCRassay and detect the concentration of IL-23 using ELISA technique. For IL-23 gene expression that showedthe Ct of asthma patient group (22.82) and control group (23.33) and the 2-??Ct of asthma patient group(5.35) and control group (3.70) and the fold of gene expression was statistically significantly (P?0.05).in the asthmatic group than healthy non asthmatic group that show in ratio (1.44: 1.00) . Human IL23concentration was estimated by ELISA, the results were statistically significant (P?0.002), the level ofIL-23 in asthma patient group (451.80 ± 91.80pg/ml) while the level of IL-23 in Control group(182.36 ±58.21 pg/ml) as well as increase concentration of IL-23 in severe asthma patients than mild form asthma726.91 ± 142.98 and 133.72 ± 79.56 respectively.]]>
