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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Association of Serum Galectin-3 Level with Albuminuria and Renal Function in Type 2 Diabetic Iraqi Patients Najlaa abed jassim; Sanad Baqir Mahammad; Tawfeeq F.R. AL-Auqbi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14827

Abstract

Background: Galectin-3 is a category of ?- galactoside binding Lectin. It has been involved in renalinflammation and fibrosis. We examined the relationship between galectin-3 level and nephropathy in T2DMpatients with or without microalbuminuria in comparison healthy controls.Methods: Ninety T2DM patients they were graded as (3 groups) depending on (ACR) albumin to creatininevalue: normalbuminuria (ACR < 30 mg / g), micro albuminuria (ACR 30-300 mg / g); and macroalbuminuria(ACR > 300 mg / g). In addition, 30 healthy control subject. The serum galectin-3 was determined by anenzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) for 90 T2DM patients and 30 healthy subjects. And alsobiochemical parameters measured included FBG, HbA1c, urea, creatinine, and uric acid.Result: Serum galectin-3 was significantly raised in T2DM patients with macroalbuminuria in comparing tohealthy group and also to other patients groups (p<0.001). Galectin-3 level was positively related with eachof ACR, FBS, HbA1c, urea, creatinine. whilst, eGFR was negatively correlated with galectin-3Conclusion: Galectin-3 level is essentially higher with T2DM at all stages of DN, particularly inmacroalbuminuria patients.
Diet of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients, in Gastrointestinal and Liver Center, Baghdad, 2020 Mohsin Ahmed Aldelf; Nawal M Alkhalidi; Saif M Bader; Zainab Gh Wafi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14828

Abstract

Introduction: Iinflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises a group of chronic immune disorders of unknownetiology characterized by intestinal inflammation which subsequently leads to debilitating symptoms whichcan adversely affect performance and quality of life. Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) arethe two most common phenotypes.Patients and method: The cross-sectional study with the diagnosis of either Crohn’s disease or ulcerativecolitis. The data collection was carried out from 25 september to 10 november 2020. From gastroinestinaltract and liver center ,Baghdad . Convienant sample are willing to participate. By questionnaire.Bodyweight and hieght was measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated . Recorded intake of all food anddrinks during last 24 hours. By Excil caculation program , the enegy intake of one day was calculated bymifflin-St.jeor method .The my pyramid plan for daily food and calories intake as recommended pattrern. Statitcal analysis were performed using SPSS 23 . Data described as mean±standerd deviation (SD).Datawere checked for normal distribution using t -test or chi square .The level of significance in the study wasp < 0.05 .Result: All the participants (55;100%) were low milk group servings intake( P<0.001), also( 74.5% ) ofparticipants were low fruit group servings intake (P<0.001) ,(92.7% ) 0f participants was low vegetablesgroup servings intake (P<0.001) , but ( 87.3% )Of participants were high grain group servings intake(P<0.001) ,( 65.5% ) of participaints was low protein group servings (P=0.041) , the fat group servingintake is low among (90.9%) of participants (P<0.001) , 52.7% of participants low energy intake. The meanBMI for both genders was in the normal range (23.16 ± 5.33) as (49.1%) of participants , only 14.5 % wasunderweight , 29.1% was overweight and 7.3% was obese. The participants live in aurban area as (89.1%) .The ocupation of them were 25% housewife,student (23.6%),employers (16.4%) and the rest with differentoccupations. The education of participants were primary school (36.4%) ,intermediate school(12.7%) ,secondry school were (14.5%), graduated were (12.7%) and the rest in the different educations. Unbalncediet shows among 76.4% of participants .Conclusions and Recommendations : all participant modified their diet,half of the participants had lowenergy intake and some of the participants had underweight .Emphasized the importance for patients to beprovided with nutrition – related knowledge as a part of strategies to avoid nutritional inadeqancies
Investigation of HPRT Sequence Changes in Radiation Occupationally-Exposed Workers-in Al-Twuathia Site in Baghdad City Haider- Y-Lafta; Risala H –Allami; Naemh- H- Zghair; Fadhel M- Lafta; Amel-J-Muttere; Mahdi-Ch-Juma
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14829

Abstract

The present instruction targets according to makes use of the molecular organic strategies into a genotoxicitylooking after about mean diffraction doses within samples concerning people among Al-Twuathia site,it learning inclusive of 35? blood samples, used (30 - fifty five year), so well as 15 ?blood samples,ancient (25 - 50 year) permanency toughness which are no longer people who smoke yet alcohol as muchcontrol. In that research usage DNA sequences technique for investigating the factor mutations appropriatein conformity with the impact regarding ignoble doses on ionizing radiation within the blood of smearingworkers namely nicely namely the discovery about the effect concerning ionizing diffraction on the genesThe genetic susceptibility after smearing exposure is in all likelihood after end result from the contributionabout much genetic variants between multiple repair pathways as may bear a suture then additive impact overrepair diverse DNA damages. Longevity a more comprehensive, larger-scale genetic instruction is neededafter similarly explore the outcomes about gene-environment interaction concerning genetic susceptibilityin conformity with ionizing dispersion exposure. In conclusion, the results indicated the opportunity overthe use of the adjustments of as like beneficial biomarkers for the discovery concerning ethnical publicityin accordance with ionizing radiation., the learnt tested usefulness on the mutation frequency becauseHPRT assay then DNA sequences technique namely a sensitive extra biomarker among the everyday fitnessscreening about people occupationally uncovered to low doses on ionizing diffraction the effects indicatedas at that place is an opportunity over the usage of the changes at the degree concerning HPRT gene mutationas much useful biomarkers because of the detection of ethnic exposure in accordance with radiologicalor chemical substances yet in accordance with makes use of PCR Techniques as like biomarkers becausedetection about the consequences on the low doses painting within the lymphocytes of gore among peopleoccupationally to ionizing diffraction at the Al-Twuathia site.
Phylogrouping, Serogrouping, Virulence Factors and Carbapenemase Genes among Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia Coli From Urinary Tract Infections Ahmed A. Mhawesh; Daniah Muneam Hamid; Abdolmajid Ghasemian
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14832

Abstract

Introduction: Escherichia coli is among major nosocomial pathogens causing urinary tract infections(UTIs). The emergence of carbapenem- resistant strains is a major concern regarding the UTI treatment. Thesubjective of this study included assessment of genetic relation and screening of virulence factors amongcarbapenemase producing E. coli from UTI.Materials and methods: Three-Hundred E. coli isolates were enrolled. Antibiotic susceptibility test wasconducted by disk diffusion as provided by clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI). Carbapenemaseproduction and presence of bla OXA-48, bla KPC, bla NDM, bla VIM and bla IMP genes were evaluated by PCRtechnique. Virulence factors genes were also screened by PCR technique. Genetic relation of isolates wasimplemented using phylogrouping and serogrouping.Results: Of 300 isolates, 11 (3.66%) of them were resistant to carbapenems (CR-E. coli). Imipenemminimum inhibitory concentration ranged 4-128µg/ml. The bla OXA-48 and blaIMP genes were co-existed inthree (1%) isolates (imipenem MIC: 64-128µg/ml), but the bla KPC, bla NDM and bla VIM were not amplified.Predominant virulence genes included iutA (n=293, 97.66%), fyuA (n=256, 85.33%), inh (n=249, 83%), traT(n=247, 82.33%), pap? (n=96, 32%), fimH (n=93, 31%), csgA (n=92, 30.66%). All the CR-E. coli containedthe iutA, fyuA, traT, papII, fimH and csgA genes. O1 (32%), O16 (15%) and O25 (7%) serogroups werepredominant and 6/11, 4/11 and 1/11 of CR-E. coli belonged to O1, O25 and O75 serogroups, respectively.Among eleven CR-E. coli isolates, nine of them were belonged to the B2 phylogroup and two isolates werebelonged to B1 phylogroup.Conclusion: CR-E. coli contained the blaIMP and blaOXA-48 genes and predominantly O1 serogroup. Highrate of virulence factors among CR-E. coli from UTI is a concern in Baghdad hospitals. The spread ofisolates with resistance to last-line antibiotics must be controlled.
Study the Effect of Ultraviolet (UV) on Mutagenicity of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Burn Wound Infections Bushra hindi Saleh; Reem Neam Ibrahim; Hasan A. Aal Owaif
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14833

Abstract

Burn wound infections are regarded as one of the serious complications occurs in the acute period afterinjury and leads to high morbidity and mortality. Pseudomonas aeruginosa plays a prominent role as anetiological agent involved in serious infections of burn and wounds.During this study, a total of (52) samples were taken from patients suffering from burn wound infectionsin (2) hospital in Baghdad from 1/9/2019 to 1/12/2019 for isolation of pseudomonas aeruginosa. Resultsreveals that (31) isolate (59.6%) were gave typical morphological characteristics and biochemical test thatrelated to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Five Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were subject to antimicrobialsusceptibility test that was done according to NCCLS. Results of Antibiotic susceptibility test for pseudomonasaeruginosa isolates reveals that 100% of them were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin while 100%of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin ,cefixime ,Erythromycin, Naldixic acid , chloramphenicol andbacitracin.Mutagenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PS1 isolate by UV irradiation was done for (60,120,240,300 ) Sec.Results of mutation to ( PS1) isolate revealed that exposure to UV irradiation from (60-300) Sec leads to decreasein the viability of bacterial cells but increase in the sensitivity of PS1 isolate to ciprofloxacin,gentamycine,Norfloxacin and oxytetracycline that reach to (40,21,26,30 )mm zone of inhibition respectively . Thesame isolate revealed changes in results from resistant to sensitive to chloromphenicol ,Erythromycin andNaldixic acid that reach to (33,31,33)mm zone of inhibition respectively but its gave the same results for theantibiotics (Ampicillin,Bacitracin and cefixime).
The Effect of Exercise on the Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Obese and Patient with Hypertension: Case-Control-Study Huda Jabbar Dibby
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14834

Abstract

Background: Obesity is considered in daily clinical practice as one of the main health problems widelydistributed over the world and it signifies a actual task to both community and individual health (1-3).Furthermore, hypertension is main cause of ( ischemic heart disease) and cerebrovascular accidents.it hasbeen improved in literatures which established on long term follow up the importance of regular exercise fortreatment of obesity and hypertension though short term complications have established little consideration.Aim of Study: to assess the effect of exercise on hemodynamic response in a patient sample with hypertensionand hypertensive obese patients.Patients and Methods: A Selected patients from those visiting the outpatient of medicine at AL-DiwaniyahTeaching Hospital and who suffer from primary hypertension and randomly distributed to two groups: obesehypertensive and hypertensive without obesity . A third group who are non-hypertensive obesity patientsalso randomly select from a group of patients who are visiting outpatient of medicine for viral diseases acuteself-limiting illness. A control group of seemingly healthy individuals involved doctors in the hospital anda health staff.Results: a highly significant of the mean systolic blood pressure of patient with hypertension and obesehypertensive patients than of both the obese and control “groups [p< 0.05]. A highly significant meandiastolic-blood pressure of patient with hypertension and obese hypertensive-patients than that of both theobese and control groups [P < 0.05], highly significant mean-heart/rate of patients with hypertension andobese patients with hypertension than that of both obese and control groups [P < 0.05]”. Also, after extremeworkout and 15 min. following rest there was significantly different in hemo-dynamic reaction after extremeworkout and 15 minutes following rest between groups.Conclusion: After extreme workout and 15 minutes after rest a significant difference was found among thegroups.
Detection Trisomy Chromosome 12 in Relation to the Expression Of Cd38 and Light Chain Restriction in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients Hiba Hamid Hashim; Subeh Salim Abdulateef; Mazin Essa Menaf
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14835

Abstract

Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a malignancy of mature B cells where there is progressiveaccumulation of leukemic cells. The genetic factors have been found to play a role, deletions of the long armof chromosome 13, specifically involving band 13q14 (del(13q14)), represent the single most frequentlyobserved cytogenetic aberration in CLL, followed by trisomy 12 ,del 11q22, del 6q21, del 17p13, and 14q.Objectives: To detect the structural abnormalities on chromosome 12 (trisomy 12 in patients with CLLby using FISH technique; To investigate the relation of this chromosomal abnormalities with with theexpression of CD38 and light chain restriction .Patients, Materials and Methods: 1. This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 25, 2018 toDecember 15, 2019. Fifty newly diagnosed adult patients with CLL were enrolled in this study. 2. Each patientwas assessed at the time of admission, full clinical and laboratory data were obtained from patient’s hospitalrecords. Three ml of fresh blood sample were taken from each patient at admission. Upon confirmation ofCLL diagnosis, samples were taken to FISH unit for blood preparation which includes two steps in twodays, the first day to separate lymphocyte cells from another component of blood and second-day washingsamples and stored till slide preparation. Slide preparation done in the 1st day and using dual color geneprobe and slide reading in the second day by fluorescent microscope. The collected data were computerizedand statistically analyzed using the SPSS program (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 23.Result: The median age of the patients was 64 years and the range was 45-76 years. Among 50 patientsstudied, 18 patients were females, representing (36%) and 32 patients were males representing (64%). Male:female ratio 1.8:1. Trisomy chromosome12 was found 15 out of 50 patients with CLL, representing 30%.Conclusion:1.In the current study,15 out of 50 CLL patients (30%)present with trisomy chromosome 12 ina sample of Iraqi adult CLL patients.2. trisomy CH 12 patients show significant relation with light chainrestriction .
Evaluating the anti- Pseudomonas Aeroginosa Efficacy and Potential Cytotoxicity of Nerium Oleander Alcoholic Extract Nihad Taha Mohammed Jaddoa; Rasha Kareem Mohammed
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14836

Abstract

Nerium oleander known as oleander has belonged to the poisonous plants its habitat in a tropical andsubtropical region. The chemical analysis with GC-Mass of the alcoholic extract of oleander leaves revealedthat this plant has many chemical compounds more than 80 compounds and high-peaks about 29 compoundswhich are represented by alkaloids, phenol, terpenes, and fatty acid. HPLC analysis showed many essentialoils that have many biological effects.To evaluate the antibacterial activity of the alcoholic extract of N. oleander against locally isolatedPseudomonas aeroginosa the broth micro-dilution method was adapted to different concentrations werestarted from 3.9 to1000 mg/ml. The results revealed that the alcoholic extract has antibacterial activitydepending on the concentration and bacterial strain.When treating the onion root cells as a model of the study to find the cellular toxic effect the results showedthat treatment with an alcoholic extract of oleander leaves with concentrations (control, 150, 300, 600,and 1200 mg /ml) for four hrs., the mitotic index (MI) was decreased to less than 50%, when treated withhigh concentrations 600,1200 mg /ml and many cases of chromosomal aberration were shown, such as theabnormal shape of the cells with a percentage about 1 and 2.8 % at the concentrations 600 and 1200 mg /ml respectively, as well as the multinucleated cells recorded the highest percentage at the concentrations1200 mg /ml with 14.4%, and nuclear lesion (chromatin degradation) were seen in a large percentage atthe interphase were recorded 13.66, 25.42, and 32.3% at the concentrations 300,600, and1200 mg /mlrespectively.
Thyroid Pathological Consequences Induced by Caffeine in Female Rats Noora S. ghalib; Abbas A. Khudhair; Kassim F. Abdulkareem
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14837

Abstract

Objective: this study was designed to investigate the histopathological changes induced by caffeine onthyroid, liver and kidneys in female rats. Caffeine is a central nervous stimulant of methyl xanthine class ofdrugs, it has many hormonal and metabolic effects.Method: twenty-four adult female rats was split in to four equal categories of 6 rats in each group as thefollowing: Group1,control group received distilled water only by oral gavage. Group2, received 35mg\kg ofcaffeine solution. Group3, received 75mg\kg of caffeine and Group4, received 150mg\kg of caffeine. Theexperiment continued for 40 days. After 24 hours of the end of experiment, the animals were sacrificed andblood has been withdrawn from vena cava to prepare serum for hormonal analysis, whereas liver, kidneysand thyroid were excised and fixed in formalin solution for histopathological processing.Results: caffeine ingestion cause significant reduction in thyroid function (reduction in T3, T4 and TSH)in all treated groups compared to control group in addition histopathological study show enlargement ofthyroid follicle with thinning of lining epithelium of acini, vacuolation of both renal tubules, hepatocytesand vascular congestion of these organs.Conclusion: Caffeine consumption in high doses causes many histologic and hormonal effects in the studiedorgans.
Fixing Blood Alkalinity by Using Apium Graveolens as Treatable Strategy to Prevent Covid 19 Likes Infection Abdul-Samad Uleiwi Hassan; Manal Abd Alwahed Alssirag; Sameer Mageed Alatar
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14838

Abstract

Juice of fresh celery solution will be given to domestic cats and normal cases of human to achieve thepurposes of this project. Dosages given three times a day/one weeks in a mount of one cup 250 ml for human143 lb, and cats 10 lb in amount of one spoon 15 ml for each. Later, blood O2, CO2 and alkalinity Evaluatedto get results.Our study conclusion were proves the high ability of the celery juice’s antioxidants compounds to relievethe high acidity of blood resulted from viral infections like covid 19 and influenza, in a way to curing andstrengthening the immune system against those viral infecions.

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