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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Interpersonal Relationships of Nurses with Families of Patients in Emergency Rooms Based on Human Becoming Theory Moch Bahrudin; Tanty Wulan Dari
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15866

Abstract

The purpose of this research is analyzing the influence of nurse’s interpersonal relationship toward human becoming in patient’s ward. This research uses analytical design with cross sectional approach and involves 40 respondents of all the client that in the ward procedure using simple random sampling technique. Research conducted in the ward installation in General Hospital Bangil, starting from may until July 2018.The independent variable of this researches nurse’s interpersonal relationship while the dependent variable is the uncertainty in ward patient. The results showed that nurse’s interpersonal relationships in the favorable criteria (42.5%) and becoming in the emergency room patient in the moderate high level (50%). Results of regression analysis showed the value of probability (sig.) 0.000 is smaller than the value of alpha (0.05) that mean there is significant influence between nurses’ interpersonal relationship toward uncertainty in ward patients with the model of regression is, becoming(y) = 76.316-2,231 x interpersonal relationship (x). Percentage of the influence of nurses’ interpersonal relationship toward uncertainty is 38,9%. In sum, there is significant influence between nurses’ interpersonal relationship toward uncertainty in perioperative patient’s family with the model of regression is, becoming(y) = 76.316-2,231 x meaning(x).
Determining the Relationship between Severity of Clinical Symptoms and Severity of Radiographic Findings in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis Maysa Ghayyem; Shahab Shafeian; SainaAmintoosi; Behdad Nadimi; Mohsen Ghorbani; Saeid Gholami Emam Moghadam; Sina Faghani
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15867

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between severity of clinical symptoms and severity of radiographic findings in patients with knee osteoarthritis.Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis, 84 patients with knee osteoarthritis were studied. Clinical signs, including pain, joint effusion, morning stiffness, and limb deformity, were compared with the Kellgren and Lawrence radiographic classification reviewed by each patient.The relationship between K/L garde and BMI, age, duration of disease and gender was also investigated.Results: This study conducted on 84 patients with knee osteoarthritis found a significant direct relationship betweenquantitative pain, VAS, and K/Lscore,as well asqualitative pain and K/L score(P=0.000).Moreover, there was a significant relationship between morning stiffness duration and gender (P=0.012). A direct relationship was also reported between disease duration and K/L score of patients (P=0.000) and Pearson coefficient was positive.Conclusion: this study proved that with increasing VAS and patients’ pain, patients are in a higher classification of K/L score.
Age Estimation of Adults Using Permanent Mandibular First Molars on Digital Panoramic Radiographs Meghana Maruthi; Karthikeya Patil; Mahima VG; Nagabhushana Doggalli; Sanjay CJ; Mahesh KP
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15868

Abstract

Background: Morphometric analysis of teeth on radiographs for age estimation are considered to be simple, reliable and non-invasive. The aim of this study was to analyse the efficacy of tooth coronal index (TCI) to estimate age in Indian population and to assess the influence of diet and masticatory habit on TCI. The study comprised of 160 subjects in the age range of 21-71 years, categorized into groups based on chronological age, gender, diet and masticatory habit. Coronal Height (CH) and Coronal Pulp Cavity Height (CPCH) of permanent mandibular first molars was measured on digital panoramic radiographs using Planmeca Romexis software measurement tools. TCI was calculated using the formula: TCI= (CPCH ×100)/CH. Statistical analysis was performed, ANOVA and Pearson correlation was applied along with regression analysis to obtain an estimated age using TCI. Results: A negative correlation was obtained between the chronological age and TCI. Three-way ANOVA exhibited a significant difference in TCI within the age groups and dietary groups (p value = <0.05). There was no significant difference within the sexes, sides and masticatory groups. The most precise estimated age using the regression formula was in individuals between 31 – 40 years with an error of +/- 5 years in 55% of females, 65% of males. Conclusions: This study suggests that although TCI is a good predictor of age, it is most suitable to determine age of individuals between 31-40 years with the least error in estimation. This study also throws a light on the influence of diet on TCI.
Analysis of Capsicum annuum L. Methanolic Extract and Its Potential as a Hepatoprotector Mustofa Helmi Effendi; Mohammad Sukmanadi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15869

Abstract

ThinLayerChromatography(TLC) method performed to purify capsaicin compound in C. annum L. and test the bioactive component of Capsicum Annum L on MAPK1 target proteins using the Immunohistochemistry (IHC) method to determine the reactions between receptor-ligand (antigen-antibody) complexes formed and become a reference in vivo tests. Natural ingredients need to be extracted to get some or all of the active ingredients used to synthesize the right dosage, easily stored, and maintain for a long time. The active ingredient of capsaicin is efficacious as a stimulant of gastric acid secretion and prevents infections in the digestive system.The immunohistochemical examination is intended to determine the expression of MAPK1 (ERK) on cells of mice hepatocytes (Mus musculus). MAPK 1 (ERK) expression score data were obtained using the modified Remmele method is the result of multiplying the percentage score of immunoreactive cells with the color intensity score on immunoreactive cells. The abnormal target protein signaling pathway contributes to cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and uncontrolled cell apoptosis.Analysis of amino acid residues, Capsaicin to MAPK1haverelativelysimilarresiduessothatitcanbeconcludedthat the binding sites of the two compounds are close to similarities and affect receptors at relatively similar sites, namely oncogenicreceptors/ proteins. Concluded that the ethanol extract of Capsicum. annum L. had a greater in the powder form , TLC method showed the capsaicin standard was 1020 µg/ml, that capsaicin in chilies (Capsicum Annum L.) can synergistically inhibit cell through reactions in the anti-apoptotic MAPK 1 potentiates the antiproliferative action that can promote hepatoprotector, a finding that demands further clinicaltesting.
Application of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Dentistry Mutum Sangeeta Devi; Manju J; Ravi Ranjan; Takhellambam Dhanapati Devi; Binita Sorokhaibam
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15870

Abstract

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-pharmacological procedure commonly used by medical and paramedical practitioners in a variety of circumstances for the treatment of acute and chronic pain. Similarly, it can be used during different dental procedures to relieve pain as well as pain due to different conditions that affect the maxillofacial area
The Correlation of Subjective Fatigue, Negligence, Knowledge of Safety Riding and Length of Work on Traffic Accidents of Online Motorcycle Taxis in Sidoarjo Nala Astari Pramesti; Noeroel Widajati
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15871

Abstract

Introduction: The number of vehicles in Indonesia has increased every year. The number of two-wheeled vehicles in 2016 was 105.150.082 units and increased to 111.988.863 in 2017 and 120.101.047 in 2018. Unfortunately, along with the increase in motorized vehicle users, the rate of traffic accidents that occurred also increased. One of the causes of the high number of traffic accidents in Indonesia is a large number of jobs in the transportation sector, such as online motorcycle taxis. This study aims to identify the factors that cause traffic accidents, including those caused by fatigue, negligence, knowledge of safety riding, and length of work for online motorcycle taxi drivers. Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 110 online motorcycle taxi riders who are members of the Sidoarjo-Porong Online Driver Association Basecamp. Sampling was done by using the total sampling technique. The variables studied included subjective fatigue, negligence, knowledge of safety riding, length of work, and two-wheeled online motorcycle taxi traffic accidents. Data analysis was performed using Cramer’s V Correlation Coefficient or Phi Correlation Coefficient. Results: The results showed a significant correlation between subjective fatigue and the incidence of accidents as indicated by a value of r = 0.289. Furthermore, it was found that a weak correlation between negligence and the incidence of accidents with a value of r = 0.211. No correlation was found between knowledge of safe riding and the incidence of accidents marked with a value of r = -0.169. Meanwhile, there is only a weak correlation between the length of work and the incidence of accidents with a value of r = 0.214. Conclusion: Subjective fatigue, neglect, length of work has a correlation with two-wheeled online motorcycle taxi traffic accidents. There is no correlation between knowledge of safety riding with two-wheeled online motorcycle taxi traffic accidents.
Comparative Analysis of Mast Cell Density in Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Nandita K.P; Srikant N; Karen Boaz; Amitha J Lewis; Nidhi Manaktala
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15872

Abstract

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignancies of the oral cavity. One of the foremost cells recruited near the tumor front is the mast cells. Mast cells produce angiogenic mediators such as fibroblast growth factor (FGF), transforming growth factor (TGF), tumor necrosis factor, (TNF), and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) 1. which are increased in precancerous lesions and found in more abundance in OSCC.Accumulation of mast cells around the tumor margins and their release of potent pro-angiogenic and angiogenic factors may represent a tumor-host interaction which probably favors tumor progression. The progression of oral lesions from dysplasia to oral squamous cell carcinoma is characterized by an “angiogenic switch” that is associated with an increase in the neovascularization of the subepithelial lamina propria, which may be considered an indicator of malignant transformation. 2MCs also represent a rich source of proteases, especially ofmast cell tryptase and chymase, which directly degrade the extracellularmatrix through their proteolytic activity and thus indirectly stimulate angiogenesis and facilitate invasion and metastasis. Theliterature has proven that mast cells can be an indicator of increased angiogenesis and hence can help in the prediction of carcinogenesis, its progression, and also the prognosis of the malignant lesions.Aim of the Study: To compare the number, morphology, and distribution of mast cells in different grades of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to study their role in tumor growth and pathogenesisMaterials and Methods: A total of 39 cases, which included 13 cases of dysplasia and 26 of OSCC were included in the study. Tissue sections were stained with H&E and 1% toluidine blue was used to evaluate mast cells. Mast cells were counted manually using an ocular grid throughout the tissue sections in 10 representative grid fields in a stepladder fashion. (40x magnification).The mean mast cell density (MCD) of 10 fields was calculated and was expressed as mean (standard deviation) per mm3,4. Mast cells were then categorized as typical, atypical, or granular mast cells and statistically analyzed.5Result: In the present study, there is a decrease in the number of mast cells with severe grades of dysplasia and poorer grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma. ConclusionMast cells may induce the tumor progression by providing a mitogenic stimulation or angiogenesis-the hallmark of the tumor growth and metastasis through the release of various mediators.
The Effect of Aloevera Mouthwash in Reducing Periodontal Disease among Secondary School Students in Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq: A Quasi-Experimental Study Nasreen Hamonari; Samim A.AL-Dabbagh; Anees Mahmud Mudhir
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15873

Abstract

As the prevalence of periodontal diseases increases and antibiotic resistance develops, there is a need for alternative methods of treatment, safe, reliable and economical. Worldwide, dentistry has recently shown a change in approach to the use of such modalities to treat many inflammatory oral diseases. Aloe vera is a medicinal herb with many advantages and has recently gained considerable importance in clinical research. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of using Aloe vera mouthwashes on improving periodontal health among secondary school students in in Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.Materials and Methods: A quasi experimental study conducted on 289 systemically healthy participants with moderate and severe gingivitis (132 females and 157 males) aged 14-20 years randomly selected from eight secondary schools using multistage random sampling in Duhok city from December 2018 to May 2019. The periodontal status was assessed by using the Gingival Index and Plaque Index before and 4 weeks after using Aloevera mouthwash. Results: there was a significant decrease in the means of plaque and gingival indices after using Aloe vera mouthwash in the whole sample (p < 0.001), and among each gender (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The finding of this study showed that Aloe vera could prove to be effective mouthwash due to its ability to reduce periodontal indices. Therefore, Aloe vera can be used as an alternative product for the prevention and treatment of gingivitis.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Developmental Supportive Care Bundle on Neonatal Outcomes of Low Birth Weight Babies at Selected Hospital of Ambala, Haryana Neelam Thakur; Yogesh Kuma; Parvinder Kaur; Jyoti Sarin
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15874

Abstract

Background: Neonatal period, the first 28 days of life is most vulnerable and crucial time for babies, whose birth weight is less than 2.5 kg. Developmental supportive care is an integrated approach for these babies. The main objectives of the study were to assess and compare neonatal outcomes (physiological, comfort behavior) of LBW Babies before and after implementation of Developmental Supportive Care Bundle in experimental and comparison group and to determine the association of neonatal outcomes of LBW Babies with their selected demographic variables in experimental and comparison group. Methodology: Quasi-Experimental research design (Non- Equivalent Control Group Pretest Posttest Design) was used. Data was collected from 30 Low Birth Weight Babies (15 in each group) by convenience sampling technique in NICU of MMIMS&R of Ambala, Haryana. Pre assessment – temperature and pain assessment done before intervention in both group. After that intervention given in only experimental group and post test done on 2 to 5 days. On day 4, the mean post implementation score (36.60) of temperature was found significantly (p=.01*) higher in experimental group. On day 2 to 5, the mean post implementation score (6.80, 6.40, 6.47 and 6.47) of comfort behavior was found to be significantly (p=.006*, .001*, .005* and .002* respectively) higher in experimental group. Conclusions: The findings of the study concluded that Developmental Supportive Care Bundle (DSCB) was effective in improving neonatal outcomes (temperature and comfort behavior) of Low Birth Weight babies.
Independence of Brushing Teeth to Free-Plaque Score in Preschool Children: A Cross Sectional Study Ngatemi; Tedi Purnama; Ni Nyoman Kasihani
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15875

Abstract

Preschool children do not yet have independence in maintaining oral hygiene, especially brushing teeth. Bad oral hygiene causes plaque accumulation, where brushing teeth is a simple act of removing plaque and food debris with a toothbrush and toothpaste, because plaque and food debris are the main causes of dental caries. Purpose: This study was to determine the relationship between independence of brushing teeth to free plaque score in preschool children. Method: This type of analytic observational study with cross sectional design. The research was conducted on the students of Bintang Kindergarten in Pondok Labu Village, Cilandak District, South Jakarta. Data collection using the observation sheet brushing teeth and index free plaqu score.Data analysis using Chi-Square. Result: Less of independence in brushing teeth as many as 28 respondents (87.5%) and as many as 4 respondents (12.5%) independently brushed their teeth while the free plaque score with good criteria was 3 respondents (9.4%) and 29 respondents (90.6%) with bad criteria. Independence of brushing teeth on the free plaque score showed that the p-value was 0.001 (p <0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between independence of brushing teeth on free plaque score in preschool children.

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