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<![CDATA[Assessment of Attitudes towards E-cigarettes Smoking among Middle School Students in Baghdad City/ Iraq ]]>
<![CDATA[Asaad Salim Mohammed]]>;
<![CDATA[Mahdi Abed Neamah]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.16277
<![CDATA[Aims: This study aims to assess attitudes of the middle school students about e-cigarette smoking; anddetermine the association between attitudes of the students with their socio-demographic characteristics.Methodology: A descriptive study used assessment approach with questionnaire items is conducted toexplore students’ knowledge related to e-cigarette smoking. By an intentional sample of (420) studentsis selected throughout the use of non-probability sampling approach. Data was collection through the useof a questionnaire and self-report. Through the application the descriptive and dedicative statistic, datawere analyzed. Results: Recent findings indicate that overall (87.4%) of students were moderate level ofattitudes. Students residency has been associated with their attitudes at p-value <0.05. Conclusion: Studentsof secondary school showing moderate level of attitudes towards E-cigarette smoking. Students’ attitudescorrelated positively with their residency. Health instructional materials such as pamphlet and bookletsshould be directed more towards smokers individual and Ministry of Education should devote more materialsin the school curricula that shed the light on the detrimental effects of smoking of all types and their risks.]]>
<![CDATA[Nurses’ Knowledge toward Prevention of Pneumothorax at Intensive Care Unit in AL-Hussein Medical City Hospital in Holy Karbala/Iraq ]]>
<![CDATA[Mubdir Hadi Dhakeel]]>;
<![CDATA[Hakima Shakir Hassan]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.16278
<![CDATA[Aims: The study aims at assess nurses knowledge towards Pneumothorax and determine the relationship ofthose knowledge with their demographic characteristics.Methodology: To investigate nurse information relevant to Pneumothorax at Intensive Care Unit, aquantitative descriptive analysis used to assess approach with questionnaire items is performed. Throughoutthe non-probability sampling method, a purposive random sample of (30) nurses is chosen. A constructedquestionnaire includes (socio-demographic data and knowledge questionnaire items), data was collectionthrough the use of a questionnaire and self report nurses. Through the application the descriptive statistic,data were analyzed.Results: According to the analysis mean, the findings indicate that the majority (96.7 %) of nurses werepoor knowledge. As well as, there were no significant relationship between nurses knowledge and theirdemographic characteristics at p-value more than 0.05.Conclusion: This research found knowledge in terms of Pneumothorax, nurses were poor knowledge. Moreyears of experience in training the staff in intensive care unit and provide the health resources and exploitingyoung energies of nurses which indeed helps to develop their knowledge.]]>
<![CDATA[Effectiveness of an Educational Program on Nurses’ Knowledge and Attitudes about Pain Assessment and Management in Imam Hussein Medical City in Holy Karbala ]]>
<![CDATA[Duaa Raad Saied]]>;
<![CDATA[Khalida Awan Mansour]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.16280
<![CDATA[Background: Pain is a physical and emotional distressing sensation that is associated with tissue damage,both actual and potential. Inadequate pain management has been shown to affect patient outcomes byprolonging the hospitalization period and delaying the recovery process; therefore, pain management hassignificant implications. A descriptive-analytic (quasi-experimental) design was conducted to determinethe effectiveness of an educational program on nurses’ knowledge and attitudes about pain assessment andmanagement in imam Hussein medical city in holy KarbalaMethodology: A quasi-experimental design was used to guide this study, it was applied by use of the preand post-test approach for two groups of samples (study and control). It was conducted at the Imam Husseinmedical city during the period from 15th November 2020 to 9th March 2021.Results: The study findings show that participants’ age group at a level (20-29 years) were (63.3%) of thestudy group, and (53.3%) of the control group. (50.0%) of the study group were male, while (46.7%) of thecontrol groups were female.Findings showed that the total mean score was unacceptable level for both study and control groups beforegiving intervention, while a good level for the study group post-intervention, regarding the knowledge andattitude of pain assessment and management. Highly statistically significant differences in post-test for thestudy group as compared with the control groups for knowledge and attitude domains.Conclusion: The study indicates that the education program had a positive effect on nurse’s knowledge andattitude about pain assessment and management. This conclusion is based on the result of our study thatreveals significant differences between pre-intervention and post-intervention.Recommendations: The study recommended that educational and training programs be routinely providedto develop their knowledge and attitude, and keep them up to date on pain management, also, the distributionof the applied educational program of this study as a booklet or posters for the hospital staff.]]>
<![CDATA[Positive Thinking and Its Relationship to the Organizational Performance of Sports Activity Supervisors in the Directorates of Education in the Middle Euphrates ]]>
<![CDATA[Teba Hashem Adham]]>;
<![CDATA[Nihad Muhammad Alwan]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.16282
<![CDATA[The positive scientific and logical thinking stage towards building the future vision in organizationalperformance and elevating the workers their ideas, opinions and proposals to the top of the administrativedealings that reflect the organizational culture to which it belongs in organizing the administration and thepositive work of the supervisors of sports activity as successful managers are keen to stay near the fieldsof actual work, as they consider their regular meetings with the cadres working with them a vital factorfor the success of their work, the research aims to identify the relationship of positive thinking with theorganizational performance of the supervisors of sports activity in the directorates of education in the MiddleEuphrates. Karbala, and Diwaniyah) for the 2020 season, the researchers used the descriptive approachand the research community was destroyed from (104) supervisors of sports activities, and the researchersprepared a positive thinking scale consisting of (37) items, and the organizational performance scale consistsof (38) paragraphs and the percentages, arithmetic and hypothetical average were calculated. Finding thereliability coefficient using the half-segmentation method and (Cronbach’s Alpha) to find out the stability ofthe test and the Pearson correlation coefficient for validity of the discrimination of the paragraphs and thet-test]]>
<![CDATA[Clinical Assessment of Mitral Valvular Diseases Requiring Its Prosthetic Replacement ]]>
<![CDATA[Mrinmoy Talukdar]]>;
<![CDATA[Probin Ch Gogoi]]>;
<![CDATA[Ranjumoni Konwar]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.16283
<![CDATA[Objectives: The patient’s clinical assessment having mitral valvular diseases requiring its prostheticreplacement was done in the current study. Methods: The study included 45 selected cases of the mitralvalvular lesion that underwent prosthetic replacement of mitral valve admitted in the cardiothoracic surgerydepartment at a tertiary care centre. A detailed history of each patient was taken, and subsequent managementand follow up was done. The pre-operative clinical features of the patients were presented in terms offrequencies. Results: The patient’s peak age group was 31 to 40 years, comprising 42.22%. There was a femalepredominance with 28 (62.22%) patients. Dyspnea was the presenting feature in all 45 (100%) patients.Valvular lesions of the patients were diagnosed with Mitral stenosis, Mitral regurgitation and combinedvalvular lesion. In the present study, valvular lesions were predominantly associated with Rheumatic fever’shistory in 24 (53.33%) patients. Calcification was noted either in valve leaflet or annulus in 12 (26.66%)cases. Calcification was confirmed by pre-operative echocardiography and during the perioperative period.It is equally noted in mitral stenosis cases and combined valvular lesion. The maximum 33 (73.33%) patientsbelonged to the NYHA Class III, followed by Class IV. The associated other valvular lesions mainly were in7 (15.55%) cases that belonged to mild aortic regurgitation. 36 (80%) cases were diagnosed with left atrialenlargement followed by right ventricular enlargement for 23 (51,11%) patients. Left atrial hypertrophywas the most common feature for 39 (86.66%) cases. Conclusion: During the pre-operative period, clinicalassessment is critical to determine the extent of illness and type of valvular diseases. The results of this studyare comparable to other similar published clinical observations.]]>
<![CDATA[Profile of Female Victims of Alleged Sexual Assault Cases Reported to Dr.B.R. Ambedkar Medical College, Bengaluru ]]>
<![CDATA[Karthik SK]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohana Velu J]]>;
<![CDATA[Jayaprakash G]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.16292
<![CDATA[Sexual violence is one of the most heinous crimes against women. Sexual assault is a violation of the dignityof a person. The present prospective descriptive study was conducted in the department of Forensic Medicine,Dr.B.R.Ambedkar medical college, Bengaluru, Karnataka, South India for a period of one year from Januaryto December 2014, where victims of alleged sexual assault cases were brought in for examination. Majorityof victims, 77 out of 149 were between 16 - 20 years. 107 victims (71.8%) were educated up to school level.101 victims were students. 85.2% cases were unmarried victims. In 106 (71.1%) cases, accused was knownto the victim. 54 cases (36.3%) of sexual assault occurred in the house of the victim or accused. 65.1%victims in our study had bodily injuries.]]>
<![CDATA[Simvastatin Toxicity Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Rat Skeletal Muscle ]]>
<![CDATA[Zulfahmidah]]>;
<![CDATA[Marhaen Hardjo]]>;
<![CDATA[Syahrijuita Kadir]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.16293
<![CDATA[Background: Statins are the class of drugs that are widely used for lowering LDL cholesterol and as primaryand secondary prevention to cardiovascular disease. However, the widespread use of statins is constrained bythe presence of toxicity or intolerance, which affects drug control rates. The toxicity or intolerance of statinsranges from 10-15%. The most common statin toxicity is statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS). Theunderlying mechanisms of SAMS involve the disruption of mitochondrial biogenesis, potential membranechanges, reduced number of mitochondria, and changes in protein oxidative activity due to the accumulationof ROS in cells and tissues. The disruption of mitochondrial biogenesis can be marked by a decrease ofperoxisome proliferator-activated receptor co-activator gamma (PGC-1a). This study aimed to determine theeffect of simvastatin on skeletal muscle PGC-1a.Methods: Sixteen female Wistar rats (8-10 weeks of age) were randomized into 2 groups: (1) control group(n=8), and (2) simvastatin group(n=8). For 30 days, the simvastatin group was exposed to simvastatinat a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. Meanwhile, the control group animals only received 0.5% methyl cellulose.Gastrocnemius muscles were collected and PGC-1a levels were evaluated by using ELISA Kit.Results: Following 30 days of treatment, a significantly lower level of skeletal muscle PGC-1awas observedin the simvastatin group compared to the control group (p = .026).Conclusion: Our finding indicates that administration of simvastatin at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 30 daysmay decrease skeletal muscle PGC-1a leading to mitochondrial dysfunction in rat skeletal muscle.]]>
