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Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia

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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 08534217 EISSN : 24433462 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Artikel yang dimuat meliputi hasil-hasil penelitian, analisis kebijakan, dan opini-opini yang berhubungan dengan pertanian dalam arti luas, seperti agronomi, ilmu tanah, hama dan penyakit tanamam, ilmu kehewanan, kedokteran veteriner, keteknikan pertanian, teknologi industri, teknologi pangan, ilmu gizi, keluarga dan konsumen, biometri, biologi, klimatologi, peternakan perikanan, kelautan, kehutanan, dan sosial-ekonomi pertanian yang telah dipertimbangkan dan disetujui oleh Dewan Editor. Keterangan mengenai peralatan, pengamatan, dan teknik percobaan akan diterima sebagai artikel CATATAN. Pedoman Penulisan dicantumkan pada setiap terbitan tercetak. Indeks Penulisan dan subjek serta daftar penelaan (mitra bestari) dicantumkan di tiap nomor terakhir pada setiap volume.

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Articles 975 Documents

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Pengaruh Eradikasi Gulma terhadap Perkembangan Populasi Wereng Hijau dan Kejadian Penyakit Tungro pada Padi Raden Heru Praptana; Wasis Senoaji
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 3 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Tungro is one of the important diseases in rice that is still a constraint to increased productivity. Tungro disease caused by a tungro viruses that is transmitted by green leafhoppers in a semi persistent manner. The presence of weeds can cause yield losses of rice and is a potential host plant of tungro viruses. Eradication of weeds is an attempt to eliminate the source of inoculum of tungro viruses. The research objective was to determine the effect of weed eradication on the development of green leafhopper population and the incidence of tungro disease. The study was conducted in an experimental field of Tungro Disease Research Station, Lanrang Village, Sidenreng Rappang District, South Sulawesi at rainy season and dry season 2014. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with 8 eradication treatments and 4 replications. The parameters include the observation of weed species that grow in each plot and embankment planting, green leafhopper population density and the number of infected plants by tungro viruses. Observations in the planting is done at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after planting (WAP). The observations of weeds and green leafhopper population was also conducted on the field before eradication. The results showed that the weeds potential as a source of inoculum were Cyperus rotundus, C. iria, Fimbristylis miliacea, and E. colonum. Eradication of weeds before and after planting through both mechanical and herbicide applications tended to suppress the green leafhopper populations and tungro disease incidence.

Sifat Pemesinan Lima Jenis Kayu Kurang Dikenal Achmad Supriadi
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 3 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

This paper deals with a study in machining properties of five wood species, i.e. marasi (Hymenaea sp.), asam jawa (Tamarmaus indica), ki keuyeup (Enonimus javanica), cantigi (Pempis acidula), and Kendal (Euretia acuminate R.) from West Java. The result revealed that planing, shaping, boring, turning, and sanding properties were significantly affected by wood species. The machining qualities of asam jawa, marasi and ki keuyeup woods with respect to criteria were good to very good, while those cantigi and Kendal fair to good. There is a tendency of the higher density of wood, the better of machining properties. These five of wood can be suggested to be processed into various products processing with machining results as good to very good, except cantigi and kendal if need turning process must be done more carefully.

Seleksi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Penghasil Kitinase Penghambat Pertumbuhan Cendawan Patogen Tanaman Azizah Nurmalinda; Nisa Rachmania Mubarik; Lisdar Sudirman
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 25 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Colletotrichum capsici and Fusarium oxysporum are pathogenic fungi that cause anthracnose disease on chili plants (Capsicum annum L.) which can decrease the productivity of chili. The control of the fungus attack is carried out by biocontrol agent of the fungi utilizing chitinase-producing bacteria. Chitinase is an enzyme capable of destroying the fungal cell wall composed of chitin compounds. The aims of the research were to select and to characterize chitinase producing bacteria as biological control agent of Colletotrichum capsici and Fusarium oxysporum. Several methods were carried out in this research, among others: isolation of chitinase bacteria, characterization of chitinase bacteria, measurement of enzyme activity, bacterial antagonistic with pathogenic fungi, observation of fungal hypha damage, and identification of 16S rRNA. The BAE36 and BAD211 isolates are chitinase bacteria isolated from chili plant rhizosphere. The isolate belongs to the Gram-negative bacteria. The inhibitory properties of BAE36 and BAD211 against F. oxysporum and C. capsici are on a scale of 3 (51-75%). The percentage of inhibitory of BAE36 isolate was 66.1% capable of inhibiting the growth of C. capsici and 55% capable of inhibiting the growth of F. oxysporum. The hyphae of C. capsici fungus on the antagonistic test showed a thick and the surface of the hyphae was wavy while the F. oxysporum hyphae was thin and looks empty. Identification of isolate with 16S rRNA described that 99% of BAE36 and BAD211 isolates were similar to Lysobacter enzymogenes. Precipitation of chitinase enzyme of Lysobacter enzymogenes with 30% ammonium sulphate could increase the enzyme activity. The enzyme precipitation could inhibit the growth of mycelia fungi C. capsici and F. oxysporum. Keywords: chili, chitinolytic, Gram-negative, Lysobacter

Permintaan Ekowisata Bahari (Snorkeling dan Diving) dan Valuasi Sumber Daya Terumbu Karang di Taman Nasional Karimunjawa Amalia Febryane Adhani Mazaya; Fredinan Yulianda; Taryono Taryono
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 25 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Karimunjawa National Park was designated as a Marine National Park area since the enactment of Kepdirjen PHKA No. SK. 28/IV-SET/2012. The marine tourism utilization zone covers 2.45% of the total area of TNKJ. One of the great potential resources that is utilized in tourism utilization zone is coral reefs. Economic valuations of coral reefs are considered necessary as an approach to show the benefits of coral reef ecosystem management policy making and provide useful information for marine tourism development. Marine ecotourism activities in TNKJ are snorkeling and diving. To know the factors influencing marine ecotourism activity of TNKJ, the Travel Cost Method was used to presume the consumer surplus. This information is used as an input or consideration to manage the coral reef resources for marine ecotourism activity of TNKJ. Based on correlation and regression analysis, marine ecotourism demand is influenced by travel cost, age, education, income, gender, long trip, and distance. Marine snorkeling tourism are significantly (α=0,05) influenced by gender and duration of travel with coefficient values of -1,2325 and -0,1942. The demand model of snorkeling tours to travel cost is y = 11.831.242,4107x-7,8684 with consumer surplus of IDR94549/person. Diving marine tourism is significantly (α=0.05) influenced by travel cost, trip length, and distance with coefficient value of -1.23E-06, -0.0947, and 0.0033. The demand model to travel cost is y = 2.363.272,7634x-0,9236 with consumer surplus of IDR29254/person. Based on these results, marine ecotourism of snorkeling and diving of TNKJ has the potential to be developed in economic terms through the determination of entrance fee. Keywords: coral reefs, economic value, Karimunjawa National Park, marine ecotourism

Pengaruh Suhu Tinggi terhadap Perkembangan Organ Reproduksi Jantan pada Cabai (Capsicum annum L.) cv. Tanjung-2 Iriawati Iriawati; Isqim Oktaviani; Ahmad Faizal
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 25 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

The development of male reproductive organ in plants is seriously affected by the adverse abiotic stresses. In this study, we investigated pollen development, particularly at microsporogenesis and micro gametogenesis stages of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) cv. Tanjung-2 upon exposure with high temperature (day/night = 36/33°C). For this objective, anther of different flower sizes ranging from <2.5 mm; 3-4.5 mm; 4.5-7 mm; to 7-11 mm from treated and non-treated plants were collected. The results revealed that the early microsporogenesis stage was highly sensitive to high temperature indicated by a low progression of cells into subsequent process in meiotic division. This result was followed by the inhibition of tetrad formation up to 2%. Consequently, plant produced smaller microscpores and pollens with thin exin that resulted in the decreased pollen viability to 90%. In conclusion, high temperature has negative impact on the development of male reproductive program in chili pepper, including microsporogenesis and micro gametogenesis. Extending approach should be allocated to overcome this problem so that such environmental stress would not decrease the productivity of chili pepper. Keywords: Capsicum annuum, high temperature, microgametogenesis, microsporogenesis

Pengaruh Suplementasi Infusa Daun Sirih (Piper betle L.) terhadap Kualitas Telur Puyuh Fensa Eka Widjaya; Yuli Retnani; Widya Hermana
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Natural feed additive supplementation could lead to higher production performance of quails on many occasions. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of Piper betle L. (betel leaf) infuse supplementation on egg characteristics of quails. Quails were raised in Slamet Quail Farm, Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia for 3 months. Quails had been fed adlibtum using a commercial diet. Betel leaf supplementation in different concentration had been given to replace drinking water. The treatments were P0: 0% supplementation, P1: 10% supplementation was given since day old quail (DOQ), P2: 20% supplementation was given since DOQ, P3: 30% supplementation was given since DOQ, P4: 10% supplementation was given since laying phase, P5: 20% supplementation was given since laying phase, P6: 30% supplementation was given since laying phase. The results showed that betel leaf infuse supplementation reduced the weight of egg shell, increasing the weight of egg albumin and increased egg weight significantly (P<0.05). There was no significant effect (P>0.05) on another egg quality variables. It could be concluded that betel leaf infuses supplementation could affect the egg shell, albumin, and egg weight without affecting other egg quality traits. Overall, betel leaf supplementation could be applicated because it could increase egg albumin quality and egg weight. Even though additional handling is needed because betle leaf infuses supplementation could reduce egg shell quality and the egg could break easily.

Peningkatan Pati Resisten Tepung Sorgum Termodifikasi Melalui Fermentasi dan Siklus Pemanasan Bertekanan-Pendinginan Raden Haryo Bimo Setiarto; Nunuk Widhyastuti; Denny Setiadi
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Sorghum can be utilized as raw material to produce resistant starch because of its high amylose content. Resistant starch is the starch that is resistant to gastric acid hydrolysis and it cannot be digested by pancreatic digestive enzymes, it cannot be absorbed in the human small intestine, but it can be fermented by intestinal microbial in the colon. This study aims to increase the levels of resistant starch in modified sorghum flour by lactic acid bacteria fermentation and autoclaving-cooling cycling. Parameters analyzed in this study were proximate analysis starch digestibility, amylose content, total starch, reducing sugar, RDS (rapidly digestible starch), SDS (slowly digestible starch), and resistant starch. The combination treatment of fermentation and 2 cycles of autoclaving-cooling (FAC-2S) is the best treatment because it was able to produce the highest resistant starch content (39.06% dw) and it increased resistant starch 8.1 fold when compared with control. Improvement the number of autoclaving-cooling cycles was applied will increase the resistant starch content and decrease the digestibility of modified sorghum flour. High amylose content in modified sorghum flour is useful in the formation of resistant starch.

Pengaruh Pupuk terhadap Pertanaman Kacang Hijau dan Residunya pada Tanaman Kacang Tunggak Sri Ayu Dwi Lestari; . Sutrisno; Henny Kuntyastuti
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

The objective of this research was to determine the effect of fertilization on four varieties mungbean in ultisol acid soils and its residual on cowpea. The experiment was conducted at the screen house of Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI), Malang, East Java, from November 2014-April 2015. Two types of research conducted sequentially, the first planting was four mungbean varieties and the second planting was cowpea (continued from the first planting) without additional fertilizer. This experiment was laid out in split plot design, replicated three times. In the first planting, mungbean as the main plot, namely Kenari (V1), Murai (V2), Kutilang (V3), and Vima 1 (V4). Fertilizer rates as the sub plot, namely control or without fertilizer (P0), 300 kg Phonska/ha (P1), 1500 kg cow manure/ha (P2), 3000 kg cow manure/ha (P3), and 5000 kg cow manure/ha (P4). The cowpea variety used in the second planting was KT 4, with the experiment design following the first planting. The results from first planting showed that growth of mungbean varieties was relatively same at ultisol acid soils, and seed yield can increase by application 300 kg/ha Phonska or 3000 kg cow manure/ha. The growth of cowpea showed the best result on both fertilizers indicating the presence of fertilizer residue from first planting.

Identifikasi Kesesuaian Genotipe Kedelai untuk Tumpang Sari dengan Ubi Kayu Titik Sundari; Siti Mutmaidah
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Intercropping is a modification of crop arrangements that can provide significant improvements in yields, with minimal labor investment. Increased productivity in soybean intercropping with cassava can be achieved through the use of suitable soybean genotypes for intercropping, as each genotype shows different responses to intercropping. The research aimed to identify the suitability of soybean genotypes for intercropping with cassava based on yield and land productivity assessed by the land equivalent ratio (LER). The research in 2016 was conducted at Kendalpayak Station Research, Malang, using a split plot design, repeated three times. The main plot is fifty-five soybean genotypes (50 promising lines and five control varieties, namely: Argopuro, Panderman, Dena 1, Dena 2, and Grobogan), and the sub plot is cropping systems (monoculture and intercropping). The results showed that intercropping of soybean with cassava caused soybean plants to experience shade stress, with shade rate of 62-90, 43-77, and 0-40% respectively for first, second and third-row positions. There are six soybean genotypes suitable for intercropping with cassava, Grob/Argom313-2, Grob/Pander395-3, Grob/Pander405-3, Grob/Pander428-1, Grob/Pander429-2, and Grob/IAC439-2, with an LER value of ≥1.8 which is a 10% selection limit to LER. Four combinations of them (Grob/Pander395-3, Grob/Pander405-3, Grob/Pander428-1, and Grob IAC439-2) provide an increase in cassava yields between 7.7-19.7% and reduction of soybean yields between 21.4-38.5%. While the two combinations other (Grob/Argom313-2 and Grob/Pander429-2) provide a reduction of cassava yields by 1.4 and 8.5% and reduction of soybean yield by 23.5 and 7.1%.

Hubungan antara Neraca Air Lahan dan Produksi Karet Klon PB260 . Sahuri
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

In general, rubber production was influenced by fluctuation of monthly rainfall rate. This research was aimed to determine the effect of rainfall, evapotranspiration, and soil water content on the production of PB260 rubber clone. This research was conducted at Sembawa Research Centre Experimental Field, South Sumatera from the year 2013-2016. The observed rubber tree was mature PB260 clone planted on clay loam soil. Rubber productions on the dry and rainy season on 2013-2016 were compared to determine the effect of rainfall on rubber production. The results showed that soil water content has the closest relationship to rubber production compared to rainfall and evapotranspiration parameter. Latex yield was decreasing as the decrease of soil water content at dry season. Limited water during the dry season became a constraint of optimum rubber yield. When soil water content drops below 100 mm, the maximum attained latex yield was 18 g/t/t.

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