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JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Published by Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Muhammadiyah Cileungsi
ISSN : 27215377     EISSN : 27217825     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37373/msn.v1i2.49
Core Subject : Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Engineering Mechanical Engineering
Tujuan dari publikasi jurnal ini adalah untuk menyebarluaskan pemikiran konseptual atau ide dan hasil penelitian bidang teknik mesin yang telah dicapai. Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin, terutama berfokus pada masalah utama dalam hal hasil penelitian dan karya ilmiah Layanan Komunitas: Analisa Struktur, Material Teknik, Metalurgi, Kinematika, Dinamika, Termodinamika, Perpindahan Kalor, Teknik Material, Desain dan Manufaktur, Mesin Konversi Energi, Teknik Pendingin/Refrigrasi, Mekanisa Fluida, Mesin Fluida, Aerodinamika, Hidrodinamika, Metrologi, Getaran Mekanik, Otomasi Industri, Mekatronika.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 130 Documents
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Tensile stress analysis against temperature variations with oil coolant in welding and heat treatment process Syaiful Syaiful; Arminas; Mahlina Ekawati
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 1 (2025): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v6i1.1561

Abstract

Welding has become a very important technology in various manufacturing jobs in the industry. In the manufacturing industry, welding contributes significantly to increasing production efficiency. The purpose of this study was to determine the tensile stress value for each specimen variable resulting from the welding process, forming, heat treatment and tensile testing on the specimen. The study used an experimental method with the number of specimens to be tested as many as 15 specimens from 5 temperature variations used. Low carbon steel plates are first welded using welding techniques, electrode types, welding positions, and weld locations, and specimen formation is carried out according to the ASTM E8 plate tensile test standard. Then heat treatment is carried out with variations in temperature and oil cooling media, the results of the heat treatment process will then be tensile tested on each specimen. The results showed that the tensile stress results obtained for the welding process specimens at a temperature of 700 °C and oil cooling media had the highest stress value of 13.25 N/mm2. There was a decrease in tensile stress at other temperature variations, while for specimens with a temperature of 500 °C and oil cooling media had the lowest stress value of 11.79 N/mm2. Testing using high temperatures can increase the tensile stress value, due to the increase in material strength in the specimen during the heat treatment process.
Performance analysis of refrigeration system with 1 pk compressor based on evaporator temperature variation M. Sugiri; Indra Widarmadi; Parman Sinaga
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 1 (2025): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v6i1.1566

Abstract

Refrigeration machines or also called cooling machines are machines that can cause the refrigeration effect, while refrigerants are substances used as working fluids in the heat absorption process. Refrigeration is a process of absorbing heat from a substance or product so that its temperature is below the ambient temperature. The purpose of the study was to analyze the performance of the refrigeration machine and the research method used was the experimental method by testing a 1 PK cooling machine using R134a refrigerant with temperature variations in the evaporator room. The results of this study showed that the performance of the refrigeration system to reach a temperature of -15º C took 7 hours 45 minutes with a load of 10 liters of water. The lowest compressor power value was 0.5307 kW and the highest was 0.6566 kW. The lowest compressor work value was 32 kJ/kg and the highest was 41 kJ/kg. The lowest heat value released by the condenser was 1.95 kW and the highest was 2.698 kW. The lowest calorific value absorbed by the evaporator is 1.43 kW and the highest is 2.09 kW, the lowest refrigerant mass flow rate value is 0.013 kg/s and the highest is 0.019 kg/s. The lowest actual COP value is 2.69 and the highest is 3.43.
Analysis of air conditioning system capacity requirements on the support train M. Sugiri; Sigit Yulianto; Parman Sinaga; Nadif Abinaya Ramadhani
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 2 (2025): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v6i2.1843

Abstract

Transportation is a fundamental aspect in the economic sector of a country, in terms of supporting economic growth in a country, a quality sustainable mode of transportation is needed to create safe, secure, and comfortable transportation. In order to create a comfortable aspect in the railway transportation mode, namely an air conditioning system that can accommodate thermal comfort in a room. The Rescue Train belonging to the Directorate General of Railways, Ministry of Transportation currently does not use air conditioner as an air conditioning system, therefore researchers conducted research on calculating the capacity requirements of the air conditioning system in the rescue train, the purpose of this research is to determine the total cooling load in the rescue train room using the CLTD (Cooling Load Temperature Difference) method and calculate the Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV) value in the rescue train room to determine the thermal comfort of the building design in the rescue train, the value that can be obtained from the method used in this study is in the form of the Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV) value and the cooling load value of 43.35% of the room area using the CLTD (Cooling Load Temperature Difference) method. The Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV) is 24.4608 W/m², and the total cooling load value using the CLTD (Cooling Load Temperature Difference) method at 43.35% gets a value of 92,912.4372 W (Watt) or 92.91 KW (Kilowatt), so from the calculation of the cooling load at 43.35% of the total area of ​​the helper train, it can be seen that the air conditioner (AC) capacity requirement is 317,017.236 Btu/h or ≈ 79,888.34 kcal/h
Performance analysis of the cooling tower at PT PLN IP PLTP Ulumbu Karolus Risandi Jebarus; Sugeng , Margono
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 2 (2025): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v6i2.1848

Abstract

This research focuses on the analysis of one of the important components in the Ulumbu Geothermal Power Plant (PLTP), namely the cooling tower, which plays a vital role in reducing water temperature through evaporative heat transfer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of the cooling tower operated by PT PLN Indonesia Power Services. Data was collected for four consecutive weeks by recording key parameters such as inlet and outlet water temperatures, ambient air temperature, and wet and dry bulb temperatures. These parameters were used as the basis for calculating cooling efficiency and avaluating the overall system performance. The results showed that the cooling tower operated with relatively stable efficiency, with a temperature drop (ΔT) ranging from 7.1°C to 8.2°C and an efficiency level between 40.2% and 42.9%. Despite variations in ambient air temperature during the observation period, the system remained operating under acceptable conditions. Therefore, regular monitoring and maintenance are necessary to maintain the system's optimal function
Strength analysis of girder structure on a 6 Ton capacity overhead crane using statics method Arif, Syaiful
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 2 (2025): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v6i2.1855

Abstract

An overhead crane is a critical piece of equipment used to move equipment or components both vertically and horizontally. The overhead crane design process requires an accurate calculation and design approach. In this study, the design was conducted using two approaches: manual calculation and finite element method (FEM)-based design simulation. The manual calculations included analysis of components such as the lifting hook, drive system, braking system, truss, and steel rope. The results of the manual analysis were then compared with the FEM simulation results. In this case, the simulation was conducted using ANSYS 17.0 software with a static structural analysis type. The analysis results showed that the stress in the hook component using FEM was recorded at 117.53 N/mm², while the stress in the steel rope reached 135.49 N/mm². The pulley component yielded a stress of 27,845 N/mm². Meanwhile, on the girder, the analytical deflection value at the critical point of the middle section is 1.074 × 10⁻⁵ cm, and the results of the FEM simulation show a deflection of 1.1268 × 10⁻⁶ cm. On the end carriage section, the manual analysis results show a load of 0.4599 tons, while the FEM simulation results provide a value of 44,924 N
Effect of mass fraction on tensile and bending strength of ramie/jute/e-glass composites Nur Permata, Shafira; Firmansyah, Hendrix Noviyanto; Islam, Muhammad Irfa Nurul; Maulana, Indra
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 2 (2025): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v6i2.1735

Abstract

Motorcyclist safety is highly influenced by the effectiveness of head protection, making material innovation in helmet manufacturing a primary focus particularly through the use of composite materials. This study aims to evaluate the mechanical properties of hybrid composites made from ramie, jute, and E-glass fibers, formulated with varying fiber mass fractions and epoxy resin as the matrix. The specimens were fabricated using the hand lay-up method and tested according to ASTM D638 for tensile strength and ASTM D790 for bending strength. The results showed that specimen D, which contained the highest mass fraction of E-glass fiber, demonstrated the best performance in tensile testing with an elastic modulus of 3062.244 MPa, tensile strength of 91.714 MPa, and the lowest strain at 2.14%, indicating high stiffness but brittle behavior. In contrast, specimen C, with the highest jute fiber content, had the lowest tensile modulus and strength, but the highest strain, indicating greater flexibility. In bending tests, specimen D showed the highest modulus of elasticity at 586.016 MPa, while specimen C recorded the highest flexural strength at 34.921 MPa. Macro observations revealed defects such as delamination, fiber breakage, and voids. The study concludes that fiber mass fraction significantly affects the mechanical properties of hybrid composites, and placing E-glass fibers in the outer laminate layers enhances flexural strength. This research contributes to the development of SNI-compliant helmets that are lightweight, strong, and environmentally friendly.
Analysis of simulation-based (FEA) strength and durability test modeling of natural fiber reinforced composite materials Rangga Pratama, Rangga Pratama; Boy Rollastin, Boy Rollastin; Yuliyanto, Yuliyanto
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 7 No 1 (2026): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v7i1.1956

Abstract

The need for lightweight, strong, and environmentally friendly materials in the maritime industry has driven research into natural fiber-based composites as an alternative to metal. Composite materials reinforced with coconut fiber, banana stem, and palm fiber were chosen because of their abundant availability and potential mechanical characteristics for structural applications such as boat bodies. This study aims to model and analyze the flexural strength and impact resistance of composites reinforced with three types of natural fibers using a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulation method in ANSYS software. The test standards used include ASTM D790 for three-point flexural tests and ASTM D256 for Izod impact tests. Simulations were carried out with variations in fiber volume fractions of 3%, 5%, and 7% to obtain maximum stress, strain, and deformation responses. The results showed that the banana stem fiber composite had the highest flexural strength of 148.09 MPa, while the palm fiber fiber showed the highest impact resistance of 145.26 MPa. Validation against literature data shows a difference in simulation results of only around ±5%, confirming the accuracy of the numerical model in predicting the mechanical behavior of the composite. The conclusions of this study indicate that the FEA-based simulation approach is effective in assessing the performance of natural fiber composites and confirms their potential use as an alternative material to metals for lightweight structural applications in the maritime sector.
Impact test strength analysis of composites reinforced with palm fiber (ijuk) Muhammad Saddam Alghofur, Muhammad Saddam Alghofur; Husman, Husman; Erwanto, Erwanto
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 7 No 1 (2026): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v7i1.1960

Abstract

The development of material technology drives the need for strong, lightweight, and environmentally friendly materials. One solution that is widely developed is natural fiber-based composite materials because they have good mechanical strength, abundant availability, and are biodegradable. Palm fiber (Arenga pinnata) is one of the potential candidates as a composite reinforcement due to its moisture-resistant, strong, and easily available properties in nature. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in the volume fraction of palm fiber and the soaking time of 5% NaOH on the impact toughness of Yukalac 157 BQTN polyester resin-based composites. The method used is an experimental method with a hand lay-up process in making specimens and testing was carried out using a GOTECH GT-7045 impact testing machine according to ISO 179-1 standards. The variations tested include fiber volume fractions of 25% and 30% and soaking times of 2 hours and 3 hours. The results showed that the 25% fraction with a 2-hour immersion produced the highest toughness of 82.39 kJ/m², while the 30% fraction showed an increase in strength after a 3-hour immersion with a value of 37.77 kJ/m². This combination produces a polyester resin-based composite that is strong, lightweight, and has the potential to be used as an alternative material for sustainable motor vehicle body panels.
The effect of sugarcane fiber length and fiber volume fraction on NaOH immersion with polyester matrix on impact test strength Azaki Azlan; Juanda, Juanda; Zaldy Kurniawan, Zaldy Kurniawan
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 7 No 1 (2026): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v7i1.1964

Abstract

Sugarcane bagasse waste is an abundant byproduct of the sugar industry in Indonesia and has the potential to be used as an environmentally friendly composite reinforcement material. This study was conducted to examine the effect of sugarcane fiber length and fiber volume fraction on the impact strength of polyester resin-based composites after alkali treatment using 5% NaOH solution. The specimen manufacturing process was carried out using the hand lay-up method using variations in fiber lengths of 50 mm, 60 mm, and 70 mm and fiber volume fractions of 7%, 10%, and 13%. Impact strength testing was carried out using the Charpy method according to ISO 179-1 standards at the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of the Bangka Belitung State Manufacturing Polytechnic. Data analysis was carried out using a two-factor factorial experimental design to determine the effect of each variable and its interaction on the impact strength value. The results showed that fiber length and volume fraction had a significant effect on the material's ability to absorb impact energy. The best combination was obtained at a fiber length of 70 mm and a volume fraction of 13% with an average impact strength of 52.2 kJ/m², while the lowest value of 27.7 kJ/m² was found at a fiber length of 60 mm with a volume fraction of 7%. This value exceeds the impact strength standard for high-impact ABS plastic car dashboards of 13.48 kJ/m². Thus, sugarcane fiber-reinforced composites have the potential to be developed as an environmentally friendly alternative material for automotive components, particularly car dashboards.
The effect of sugarcane fiber volume fraction and variations in NaOH immersion on polyester matrix with impact strength Haryoszi, Haryoszi; Juanda, Juanda; Erwansyah, Erwansyah
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 7 No 1 (2026): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v7i1.1972

Abstract

The development of material technology demands the availability of materials that have high mechanical strength but remain lightweight and environmentally friendly. One potential alternative is a natural fiber-based composite material. Bagasse fiber, as a waste product of the sugar and beverage industry, has a high cellulose content so it has the potential to be used as a reinforcement material in composites. However, the surface character of the fiber, which still contains lignin and hemicellulose, needs to be modified so that it can bond well with the polyester matrix. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in the volume fraction of bagasse fiber and the duration of immersion in NaOH solution on the impact strength of polyester-based composites. Sugarcane fiber was immersed in a 5% NaOH solution with varying times of 60, 90, and 120 minutes, and combined with three fiber volume fractions, namely 13%, 15%, and 17%. Specimens were prepared using the hand lay-up method and impact testing was carried out according to the ISO 179-1 standard using the Charpy impact test method. The test results showed that the combination of fiber fraction and immersion time had a significant effect on the toughness of the composite. The highest impact strength value of 51.5 kJ/m² was obtained at a fiber volume fraction of 13% with a soaking time of 120 minutes, while the lowest value of 25.6 kJ/m² was obtained at a fraction of 17% with the same soaking duration. In general, a soaking time of 90 minutes produces the best impact strength stability because it produces a balance between the cleanliness of the fiber surface and the integrity of its cellulose structure. Based on these results, bagasse fiber composites have proven to have great potential as an environmentally friendly alternative material that can be applied to automotive components such as car dashboards, replacing conventional synthetic materials.

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