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JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Published by Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Muhammadiyah Cileungsi
ISSN : 27215377     EISSN : 27217825     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37373/msn.v1i2.49
Core Subject : Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Engineering Mechanical Engineering
Tujuan dari publikasi jurnal ini adalah untuk menyebarluaskan pemikiran konseptual atau ide dan hasil penelitian bidang teknik mesin yang telah dicapai. Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin, terutama berfokus pada masalah utama dalam hal hasil penelitian dan karya ilmiah Layanan Komunitas: Analisa Struktur, Material Teknik, Metalurgi, Kinematika, Dinamika, Termodinamika, Perpindahan Kalor, Teknik Material, Desain dan Manufaktur, Mesin Konversi Energi, Teknik Pendingin/Refrigrasi, Mekanisa Fluida, Mesin Fluida, Aerodinamika, Hidrodinamika, Metrologi, Getaran Mekanik, Otomasi Industri, Mekatronika.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 130 Documents
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Transesterification reaction time impacts on oxidation stability and acid number of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil Randa Pratama; Muhammad Idris; Zakir Husin; Zainal Arif; Iskandar Yakoeb; Supriadi
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 5 No 2 (2024): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v5i2.1220

Abstract

The scarcity of fossil fuels, environmental concerns, and the sharp rise in fossil fuel prices have driven scientists to search for alternative fuels. The characteristics of biodiesel have made the quest for high-quality biodiesel production particularly appealing. The use of waste cooking oil is a key component in reducing biodiesel production costs by 60-90%. Researchers have employed various types of transesterification reactions with both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production; in this study, a 0.5% NaOH catalyst is used. The objectives of this study are to produce biodiesel fuel based on waste cooking oil, evaluate the impact of reaction time variation on the oxidation value and acid value of biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil, and statistically test the effects of reaction time on the oxidation value and acid value of biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimum yield was obtained at a reaction time of 90 minutes, achieving 97%. The results for acid number and oxidation value for various reaction times complied with ASTM, EN, and SNI standards. Linear regression analysis of ANOVA for the acid number concluded that the P-value t3 is 0.399, which is greater than Alpha = 0.05, indicating that the variation in reaction time does not have a significant effect on the acid number. Linear regression analysis of ANOVA for the oxidation number concluded that the P-value t3 is less than Alpha (0.047 < 0.05), indicating that reaction time has a significant effect on the oxidation number.
Effect of blade cap variation on overshot pinwheel performance Giri Parwatmoko; Dan Mugisidi; Rizki Afif Afandi; Oktarina Heriyani
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 1 (2025): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v6i1.1272

Abstract

Waterwheels are a medium for producing electrical energy in micro-hydro power plants sourced from waterways that have speed and height. The energy that can be obtained from a waterwheel should depend on the variation of the blades and the placement of the wheel but, the losses caused by wasted water are large. Therefore, this study makes an overshot waterwheel by using blade variations at the top to reduce losses and see the effect of these variations. This study uses 1 wheel with 4 variables: waterwheel without lid (T), waterwheel top blade closed 1/3 (T 1/3), waterwheel top blade closed 1/2 (1/2), and waterwheel top blade closed 2/3 (T2/3). This wheel uses mahogany wood and the blade cap uses acrylic with a thickness of 3mm. The waterwheel was tested using pipes with sizes and flow rates of 1 m3/hour, 2 m3/hour, 3 m3/hour, 4 m3/hour, 5 m3/hour, 6 m3/hour. The efficiency of the capless waterwheel is greater than the closed-blade waterwheel variation. In this study, the 1/3 closed blade waterwheel (T 1/3) is more efficient because the impact losses of the wheel (T 1/3) are lower at 720.13 when compared to the wheel without a lid (T) 1251.90 and the efficiency of the 1/3 closed blade waterwheel (T 1/3) is much higher at 64.38% when compared to the 2/3 closed blade waterwheel (T2/3) at 33.53%. Therefore, the results of this study show that the 1/3 (T 1/3) wheel is more recommended because it has a high enough efficiency and low impact losses.
Optimization of heat conversion from candle flame into electrical energy using a thermoelectric generator Irfan Isdhianto; Tri Widodo Besar Riyadi; Yuke Hary Laksono; Wigo Ardi Winarko
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 1 (2025): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v6i1.1331

Abstract

Indonesia is still heavily reliant on fossil fuels, which has become an obstacle to integrating renewable energy into the national energy supply. This dependency also slows down the achievement of the NDC target to reduce emissions by 26%. Meanwhile, renewable energy continues to grow rapidly worldwide, with consumption increasing by around 3% per year. The purpose of this study is to maximize the conversion of heat energy from candle flames into electrical energy using thermoelectric generators (TEG). TEG works by utilizing the temperature difference between the hot side and the cold side to generate electricity through the Seebeck effect. In this research, four TEG modules were installed on candles and arranged in series to test the effectiveness of two types of cooling systems: a heatsink with a fan and a heatsink with water. Data collection was carried out by measuring the temperature and the performance of the cooling systems in generating electricity, which was evaluated based on the voltage, current, and power produced during the candle-burning process. The results showed that the water-cooled heatsink produced higher voltage and power compared to the fan-cooled heatsink. However, the fan-cooled heatsink was more effective in maintaining a stable temperature difference between the hot and cold sides, making it more suitable for long-term use. This study highlights the significant potential of TEG as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative energy solution, particularly in utilizing everyday waste heat
The analysis of carburizing with15, 30, 40,45,60 minutes holding time due to hardness and microstructure on ST 60 Steel Pramuko Ilmu Purboputro; Sartono Putro; Djoeli Satrijo
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 4 No 1 (2023): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v4i1.448

Abstract

Penelitian kali ini menjelaskan tentang proses carburizing pada baja. Perumusan masalah tentang carburizing dengan variasi waktu tahan 15 menit, 30 menit, 45 menit, 60 menit terhadap kekerasan dan struktur mikro pada baja karbon ST60. Proses pack carburizing banyak digunakan untuk meningkatkan kekerasan permukaan pada baja. Pada penelitian ini ukuran butir karbon yang digunakan adalah mesh 140 (105 µm) dengan temperatur 900°C. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada variasi waktu tahan 15 menit nilai kekerasan rata-rata 56,7 HRA. Pada waktu tahan 30 menit rata-rata nilai kekerasannya adalah 57,1 HRA. Lalu pada waktu tahan 45 menit rata-rata nilai kekerasannya adalah 57,4 HRA dan pada waktu tahan 60 menit adalah 57,5. Untuk raw material memiliki rata-rata nilai kekerasan 66,7 HRB. Jadi raw material setelah di carburizing mengalami peningkatan kekerasan sebesar 167-173%. Dengan demikian waktu tahan pada proses pack carburizing mempengaruhi kekerasan material
Pengaruh pengaturan voltase terhadap kekuatan tarik pada gas metal arc welding antara pipa STKM 13B dan pelat SPH 440 Juliyanto Simamora; Adhes Gamayel; Ida Bagus Indra; Mohamad Zaenudin
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 4 No 1 (2023): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v4i1.470

Abstract

Gas Metal Arch Welding (GMAW) adalah suatu metode pengelasan yang saat ini sudah banyak digunakan di industri manufaktur. Hal ini dikarenakan GMAW memiliki beberapa keunggulan seperti pengelasan yang cepat dan dapat digunakan dalam berbagai posisi dan material. Namun demikian, cacat pada las berupa porositas masih sering terjadi, sehingga untuk mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal melalui teknik pengelasan GMAW masih diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut secara ekstensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari mengenai pengaruh pengaturan voltase terhadap kekuatan tarik hasil las GMAW, yang mana sangat dipengaruhi oleh porositas hasil lasnya. Dalam hal ini, material yang digunakan yaitu berupa pipa STKM 13B dan pelat SPH 440. Pengelasan antara pipa dan pelat secara saling tegak lurus memiliki kemungkinan yang besar untuk terjadinya porositas pada hasil las, sehingga sangat menarik dan penting untuk diteliti. Arus yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu 110 Ampere dengan variasi voltase 18, 20, dan 22 Volt. Hasil pengelasan menunjukkan bahwa pengelasan dengan voltase yang meningkat menunjukkan peningkatan kekuatan tarik dari material yang sudah dilas. Namun demikian, pada sampel dengan voltase 20 V menunjukkan hasil terbaik yang terjadi dikarenakan pada hasil foto mikro terlihat bahwa pada sampel tersebut tidak terdapat porositas atau paling tidak minim porositas. Lebih lanjut lagi, nilai standar untuk area las menunjukkan bahwa pengelasan dengan voltase yang tinggi mendukung tercapainya standar ketebalan, kedalaman, dan panjang las yang disarankan. Penelitian ini berhasil memberikan gambaran hasil kekuatan tarik dari las GMAW pada material pipa dan pelat dengan perbedaan nilai tegangan
Rancang bangun mesin pengempa briket arang kelapa Dengan metode ulir tekan Ispari Wahyudi; Edilla; Luqman Hakim; Amnur Akhyan
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 4 No 1 (2023): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v4i1.544

Abstract

Seiring dengan harga bahan bakar minyak yang terjadi setiap tahun, maka perlu ditemukan sumber energi alternatif untuk membantu masyarakat dari krisis energy, yakni dengan memanfaatkan arang kelapa yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan untuk membuat briket. Mesin briket arang kelapa ini digerakan dengan motor 1 fasa dengan daya 1 HP yang mempunyai putaran maksimal hingga 1400 rpm. Putaran motor direduksi dengan rasio gearbox 1:30,sedangkan untuk pengaduk dihubungkan ke motor melalui transmisi sabuk V dengan perbandingan puli 1:2. Perbandingan campuran arang tempurung kelapa dan perekat yaitu 4:1. Campuran dimasukan ke screw penekan untuk dimampatkan sehingga membentuk briket. Pengujian yang dilakukan pada alat ini ialah melihat banyak cetakan yang terbentuk pada satu kali proses dan ukuran cetakanya. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa mesin ini memiliki kapasitas 2.8 kg/jam dan bentuk briket yang dihasilkan kotak dengan ukuran 30mm x 30mm dengan toleransi ±5mm. Lama nyala api ketika briket dibakar dipengaruhi oleh beratnya dengan rata-rata nyala api selama 5,6 menit
Performance analysis of a three-blade spiral horizontal axis wind turbine with an aspect ratio of 0,116 Wiwit Suprihatiningsih; Abdul Hamid; Adji Nur Fadilah
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 1 (2025): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v6i1.1291

Abstract

The horizontal-axis wind turbine (TASH) is a wind energy technology that can generate electricity, but its performance still has to be improved. To determine how much an aspect ratio affects wind turbine performance, this study used a horizontal-axis wind turbine with three spiral blades and an aspect ratio of 0,116. The primary performance metrics of horizontal-axis wind turbines with three spiral blades and an aspect ratio of 0,116 are to be measured and examined in this work. Understanding how aspect ratio affects voltage (volts), current (amperes), torque (τ), turbine rotational speed (rpm), and in line with wind speed (ρw) in the process of generating electrical energy is the specific goal. A horizontal-axis wind turbine with three spiral blades and an aspect ratio of 0,116 will be constructed and tested in a controlled setting as part of this research's experimental methodology. The systematic measurement of essential performance characteristics, such as wind speed, torque, turbine rotational speed, voltage, and current, will provide a comprehensive understanding of the wind turbine's ability to generate electrical energy. The TASH experiment 3 spiral blades with an aspect ratio of 0,116 yielded the highest value when tested using a planetary gearbox at 24,23 rpm, 53,09 V of voltage, 1,25 A of electric current, and 30,94 Nm of torque at 5,0 m/s of wind speed. In the calculation of the power coefficient, torque coefficient, and tip speed ratio, the minimum value obtained in the test without a planetary gearbox was 0,0231 at wind speed 2,5 m/s, 0,2183 at wind speed 2,5 m/s, and 0,1059 at wind speed 2,5 m/s. The minimum value is obtained in the TASH test without a planetary gearbox with a rpm value of 105,89 rpm, Voltage 8,60V, Electric Current 0,05A, and Torque 2,85Nm at wind speed 2,5 m/s. A planetary gearbox with a power coefficient of 0,4713 at a wind speed of 4.5 m/s, a torque coefficient of 0,6813 at a wind speed of 4,0 m/s, and a tip speed ratio of 0,7525 at a wind speed of 5,0 m/s was used to test the system and determine the maximum value.
Experimental investigation of profile eye shape on plate bending: The role of rotational speed Mustaza Ma'a; Prawira Yuda; Novison Roni; Yanda Zaira Jupri
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 1 (2025): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v6i1.1375

Abstract

The bending of profile plates is a critical process in various engineering applications, including automotive, aerospace, and shipbuilding industries. In simple circumstances, this profile plate bending machine is intended to make pan profiles and mosque dome profiles. This process’s precision and efficiency significantly impact the final product’s structural integrity and performance. Traditional methods of plate bending often face challenges such as uneven stress distribution, material deformation, and inefficiencies in production time. Recent advancements in mechanical engineering have highlighted the importance of understanding the factors that influence plate bending. Among these factors, the rotational speed affects the dynamic forces applied during the bending process, which influences the degree of deformation and the quality of the bend. Similarly, the profile eye shape determines the plate’s contact area and stress distribution, impacting the bending outcome. Although these factors are recognized as important, there is a lack of comprehensive experimental studies that systematically investigate their combined effect on plate bending. This research aims to fill this gap by investigating how varying rotational speeds and different profile eye shapes affect the bending of profile plates. Understanding these relationships, can optimize the bending process, improve product quality, and enhance manufacturing efficiency. This study will provide valuable insights for engineers and manufacturers, enabling them to make informed decisions about the design and operation of bending equipment. Ultimately, this research will contribute to developing more efficient and precise bending techniques, benefiting a wide range of industrial applications.
Toughness analysis of jute laminate composites as wrapping for cylindrical concrete columns Achmad Jusuf Zulfikar; Yuhazri M.Y.; Siswo Pranoto; Din Aswan A. Ritonga; Zakir Husin
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 1 (2025): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v6i1.1467

Abstract

This study investigates the potential of laminated jute composites (LJC) as a sustainable reinforcement material for cylindrical concrete columns (CCCs) by analyzing the effects of varying the number of LJC layers on mechanical performance. Concrete, widely used in construction, is limited by its low tensile strength, prompting the need for effective reinforcement methods. While previous research has explored natural and hybrid fiber composites, the specific role of jute laminates in enhancing toughness energy (MTE) and split tensile strength (STS) remains underexplored. Specimens were prepared according to ASTM C496, with up to four LJC layers applied using a vacuum bagging method. Experimental results revealed a significant increase in MTE and STS with additional LJC layers. The four-layer configuration (J4) achieved the highest performance, with an MTE enhancement of 17,800% and an STS improvement of over 300% compared to the control specimen. These findings highlight the synergistic relationship between tensile strength and energy absorption in LJC-reinforced CCCs. The study also identified an optimal layer configuration, emphasizing the need for further exploration of durability and long-term performance. This research establishes LJC as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly material for enhancing the mechanical properties of concrete structures, offering valuable insights into sustainable construction practices.
Experimental investigation of buoy frame width on water motorbike stability response time Irwansyah; Weriono; Ibnu Hajar; Burhan Hafid; M. Muttaqin; Ari Purnomo
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 1 (2025): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v6i1.1471

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of buoy frame width on the stability response time of water motorbikes, focusing on their ability to regain equilibrium after tilting. Water motorbikes are innovative vehicles designed to navigate flood-prone areas where conventional motorcycles cannot operate effectively. To enhance stability, buoyant frames of varying widths—40 cm, 45 cm, and 50 cm—were tested at three initial tilt angles: 5°, 10°, and 15°. The research employed an experimental approach, utilizing digital inclinometers to measure tilt angles and stopwatches to record response times. Data analysis revealed that frame width significantly affects stability, with wider frames yielding faster response times. For instance, at a 5° tilt angle, the 50 cm frame achieved a response time of 3.12 seconds, compared to 4.84 seconds for the 40 cm frame. Similarly, wider frames consistently outperformed narrower configurations across all tested angles. ANOVA results confirmed the statistical significance of the findings, with p-values less than 0.05. The results demonstrate that increasing the width of buoy frames enhances the stability of water motorbikes, making them more efficient and reliable for use in flood-affected areas. These findings provide valuable insights into the design and optimization of water motorbikes, contributing to safer and more practical solutions for flood navigation.

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