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Evi Aprianti
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International Association of Lowland Technology In Collaboration with Hasanuddin University and Saga University Address Faculty of Engineering, Center of Technology Building, 1st Floor Jalan Poros Malino km. 6, Bontomarannu, Gowa Indonesia Postal Code: 91711
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Lowland Technology International
Published by International Association of Lowland Technology
ISSN : 13449656     EISSN : 21878870     DOI : https://doi.org/10.0001/ialt_lti
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Transportation
The Lowland Technology International Journal presents activity and research developments in Geotechnical Engineering, Water Resources Engineering, Structural Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Urban Planning, Coastal Engineering, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Sipil dan Struktur
Articles 463 Documents
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GEOSYNTHETIC REINFORCEMENT FOR EMBANKMENTS OVER DEGRADING DISCONTINUOUS PERMAFROST SUBJECTED TO PRESSTRESSING M. C. Alfaro; J. A. Blatz; J. Graham
Lowland Technology International Vol 8 No 1, June (2006)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Failures of road embankments on discontinuous permafrost commonly occur during thawing of the foundation soil. As an approximation, weak zones created by thawing of discontinuous permafrost can be considered as ‘voids’ within the foundation. Geosynthetic reinforcements have been used to bridge these ‘voids’ and provide support to the embankment fill. This paper presents results of a numerical investigation on the effects of prestressing geosynthetics to enhance their reinforcement effect, and thus reduce deformations of embankments over discontinuous permafrost. The study used the commercially available computer program, FLAC. Numerical analysis illustrates that prestressing geosynthetic reinforcement can be effective in controlling deformations and reducing the possibility of collapse of road embankments on degrading discontinuous permafrost.
EFFECTIVE DEPTH OF VACUUM PRELOADING J. Chu; S. W. Yan
Lowland Technology International Vol 8 No 2, Dec (2006)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Vacuum preloading is one of the methods that can be used to improve the engineering properties of soft clay. However, there is a misconception that the vacuum preloading method is only effective for soil within a depth of 10 m, as the maximum depth for water lifting using vacuum is 10 m. In this paper, the mechanisms of water lifting and vacuum preloading are examined and the differences between the two processes are explained. A simple physical model is used to demonstrate that the effective depth of vacuum preloading is not related to the maximum depth for water lifting. Two case studies are also presented to illustrate that in practice the vacuum preloading method can be used effectively for soil as deep as 20 m.
EFFECT OF THICKNESS OF OVERLAYING CLAY LAYER OF LOWLAND REGION ON SENSITIVITY OF LATERAL DEFLECTION OF LONG PILES EMBEDDED IN NON-HOMOGENEOUS SOIL – PART IIA: NUMERICAL STUDY OF SAND PARAMETERS D. H. Hafez; B. B. Budkowska
Lowland Technology International Vol 8 No 2, Dec (2006)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

This part of the paper is a direct continuation of our first part paper. The first part of the paper presented the theoretical formulation of the sensitivity of the lateral head deflection of piles embedded in non-homogeneous soil consisting of clay overlying sand to changes in the design parameters. The current paper presents numerical sensitivity studies based on this theoretical formulation. The effect of variation in sand parameters on the variation of the lateral head deflection which is an important serviceability measure is studied. Both the clay and pile parameters will be investigated in part IIB of the paper. In lowland areas, the soil profiles starting from the soil surface contain soft clay layer of variable thickness. The effect of the thickness of the overlying clay layer on the sensitivity results is explored through comparative sensitivity assessment. Sensitivity results are given in the form of graphical presentations of sensitivity operators which show along the pile length where and how the change of each design parameter can affect the change of lateral pile-head deflection. It is shown that the thickness of the overlying clay has an effect on changing the magnitude and location of the maximum values of the sensitivity operators.
EFFECT OF THICKNESS OF OVERLAYING CLAY LAYER OF LOWLAND REGION ON SENSITIVITY OF LATERAL DEFLECTION OF LONG PILES EMBEDDED IN NONHOMOGENEOUS SOIL – PART IIB: NUMERICAL STUDY OF CLAY AND PILE PARAMETERS D. H. Hafez; B. B. Budkowska
Lowland Technology International Vol 8 No 2, Dec (2006)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

This part of the paper is a direct continuation of part I and part IIA of the paper. The first part of the paper presented the theoretical formulation of the sensitivity of the lateral head deflection of piles embedded in nonhomogeneous soil consisting of clay overlying sand to changes in the design parameters. Parts IIA and IIB cover the numerical sensitivity studies based on this theoretical formulation. Part IIA studied the effect of variation in sand parameters on the variation of the lateral pile-head deflection. This part (part IIB) presents the sensitivity of the lateral pile-head deflection to variations in the clay and pile parameters. The numerical sensitivity results are graphically plotted along the pile length. The effect of the thickness of the overlying clay layer on these sensitivity results is investigated. This effect of non-homogeneity of soil is of significant importance to areas in which the overlaying clay layer has variable thicknesses such as in lowland areas.
EFFECTS OF THE OPERATION OF CHAO PHRAYA DAM UPON THE UPSTREAM FLOOD HYDRAULICS S. Visutimeteegorn; K. Likitdecharote; S. Vongvisessomjai
Lowland Technology International Vol 8 No 2, Dec (2006)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

During flood periods, the operation of Chao Phraya Dam to control downstream water discharge causes flood inundation in upstream area, especially the water diversion in the irrigation areas. The purposes of this research are to study the effects of the operation of Chao Phraya Dam upon the upstream flood hydraulics and to study the harmony of the operation of Chao Phraya Dam, the regulators and the upstream reservoirs to model the flood situation with a hydrodynamic model and simulation techniques in flood inundation areas and for gate operation. The results shows that Manning’s n in the Chao Phraya River and its tributaries are 0.030 - 0.035 in the main channels and 0.050 – 0.070 in the flood plain areas. The backwater due to the operation of Chao Praya dam affects as far as 110 kilometers upstream. New methods of water diversion can mitigate the flood inundation and have no effect to the floating rice’s fields. The construction of the reservoirs in the Upper Sakaekang River Basin and the Upper Yom River Basin will mitigate the flood not only in their own basins but also in the Lower Chao Phraya River Basin. The operation of Chao Phraya Dam, the regulators and the upper reservoirs consistently will mitigate the flood inundation efficiently.
IDENTIFYING PUBLIC PREFERENCES FOR THE VALUE OF DAILY USED OPEN SPACES USING THE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS – A CASE STUDY OF HANGZHOU CITY, CHINA J. R. Shi; X. M. Zhao; J. Ge; K. Hokao; Z. Wang
Lowland Technology International Vol 8 No 2, Dec (2006)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Although much research exists on whether public open spaces are satisfactory with respect to users‘ perception, designers often neglect residents‘ preferences before a project is to be authorized. Especially when they design daily used open spaces that are located near or inside residential areas, the value of spatial environments is not paid enough attention to. This study applies the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to a field survey in order to compare the residents‘ perspectives concerning three general attributes (functional, aesthetic and ecological) and ten specific qualities of daily used open spaces. AHP is a methodology that assists respondents to make subtle trade-offs in unquantifiable attributes by means of measuring the relative preference of one attribute over another. Although this methodology is entirely different from other choice-based methods considering the cost-efficiency, the results of AHP offer a systematic method to examine the demands of those unheeded people. The results of the AHP application into data collected from the Chinese residents find that public preferences for daily used open spaces are stronger for the functional attribute, rather than the aesthetic attribute in the ancient Chinese tradition. Furthermore, comparisons of ten specific qualities show that the public prefers the open spaces that can be utilized conveniently and easily for group activities, because such spaces keep an active lifestyle of neighborhood communication, which also is seen to protect human-regarding residential environments.
AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO EVALUATE THE BEHAVIOUR OF VERTICALLY LOADED PILE GROUPS BASED ON ELASTIC THEORY M. Cao; L. Z. Chen; S. L. Chen
Lowland Technology International Vol 9 No 1, June (2007)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

An efficient analytical approach is proposed to calculate the settlement of a pile group under vertical loads. The proposed approach is based on the superposition of the displacement of individual pile. In the superposition calculation, an interaction factor, which was determined using the technique by Muki and Sternberg, is employed to facilitate the analysis of pile groups subjected to static vertical loads. The proposed interaction factor can consider the strengthening effect of intervening piles. The solution of the proposed approach is compared with other existing solutions. Their difference in estimating the behaviour of pile groups is investigated. Finally, numerical examples on two pile groups are presented to discuss the influence of dimensionless pile and soil parameters on the behaviour of pile groups. The results show that the proposed approach gives a more reasonable analysis on pile groups.
A MORE FUNDAMENTAL APPROACH TO PREDICT PORE PRESSURE FOR SOFT CLAY A. S. Balasubramaniam; E. Y. N. Oh; C. J. Lee; S. Handali; T. H. Seah
Lowland Technology International Vol 9 No 1, June (2007)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Skempton’s (1954) pore pressure coefficient A provides a pragmatic attempt at determining pore pressures during undrained shear, and to use these in settlement computations and stability analysis of embankments in soft clays. Also, the Critical state concept offers a means of acquiring the undrained stress path in normally consolidated clays through using a volumetric yield locus derived from a simple energy balance equation. However, to date there is no novel method by which the undrained stress paths of lightly over-consolidated and heavily overconsolidated clays can be predicted by using fundamental concepts. Based on the work of Handali (1986), Balasubramaniam et al. (1989) presented an alternative pore pressure coefficient that was more generalised than the Skempton’s coefficient. However, Pender (1978) proposed a set of parabolas to describe the undrained stress paths of overconsolidated clays, and Lee (1995) considered elliptic paths to be more in agreement with the experimental observations. In this paper, observed and predicted undrained stress paths both under compression and extension, and also from isotropic and K0 pre-shear consolidation states will be presented. Such expressions can then be readily used in computer softwares for stability analysis and settlement computations.
GEOTECHNICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SOFT CLAY ALONG A HIGHWAY IN THE RED RIVER DELTA P. H. Giao; D. H. Hien
Lowland Technology International Vol 9 No 1, June (2007)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The Red River Delta (RRD) consists mostly of Pleistocene to Holocene deposits, including soft clays. Besides environmental hazards such as flood, storm, coastal erosion, saltwater instruction and contamination of ground water, the wide distribution of soft clay has caused obvious geotechnical difficulties for infrastructure development projects. It is observed that the economic growth of this booming region of Vietnam goes at a faster rate than that of the infrastructure development and the latter has not yet been supported by a modern geotechnical investigation practice. Data analysis and soil characterization become even more difficult for a long linear infrastructure like a road or highway, whose route runs over different soil types. This study deals with a comprehensive geotechnical characterization of soft soils underlying the national highway No. 18 (NH18) that has often had problems of differential settlements or other construction damages. Besides the common approach of lumping testing data in the averaged graphs and tables, visualizations were made to assist in characterization of the soil layers. A number of empirical correlative relationships were deduced for various geotechnical parameters, especially the undrained shear strength and the cone tip resistance.
UNDRAINED SHEAR STRENGTH OF ARIAKE CLAY BY ELECTRONIC CONE PENETRATION TESTING M. A. Rashwan; T. Koumoto
Lowland Technology International Vol 9 No 1, June (2007)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Evaluation of undrained shear strength ( ) of clay using laboratory tests usually faces serious problems due to large scatter caused by sample disturbance and different testing procedures. In this paper, the filtering equation which is expressed as function of the deformation modulus ( ) and excess pore water pressure ( ) is proposed as a simple equation and applied for 11 clay sites to drop the values those its soil are considered to be rather disturbed. The filtered selected values were compared to find fairly good agreement with the predicted by the electronic cone penetration testing data.

Page 16 of 47 | Total Record : 463

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