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Aji Winanta
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Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 27237648     EISSN : 2723763X     DOI : 10.18196
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
JFAPS focuses on various aspects of pharmaceutical sciences such as: Pharmaceutical Technology Pharmacology & Toxicology Pharmaceutical Chemistry Drug Discovery Traditional Medicine and Medicinal Herb Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): February" : 7 Documents clear
Formulation Variations and Antioxidant Efficacy of Red Sesbania Flowers (Sesbania grandiflora L.) as Herbal Tea Sylvia, Diana; Hidayati, Fitri; Nita Rusdiana; Sefi Megawati
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v6i2.23715

Abstract

Red sesbania flowers (Sesbania grandiflora L) are rich in bioactive compounds, particularly flavonoids, anthocyanins, and vitamin C, which play an important role as natural antioxidants. In the development of functional beverages, red sesbania flowers have significant potential for use in herbal tea processing. The combination of cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni), which contains cinnamaldehyde and phenolic compounds, enhances aroma and flavor while also strengthening both its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study aims to formulate a tea product made from red sesbania flowers with a combination of cinnamon and mint leaves in accordance with SNI quality standards and to evaluate its antioxidant activity. The research was conducted in several stages, including the preparation of herbal tea from red sesbania flowers, the addition of cinnamon and mint leaves, hedonic tests, SNI quality tests (organoleptic, water content, ash content, and total polyphenol content), and analysis of antioxidant activity. The results showed that the best formula for red sesbania flower tea was the one with the addition of 15% cinnamon and 20% mint leaves. The antioxidant activity of these teas was relatively weak, with IC50 values of 472.335 µg/mL for the original tea, 206.93 µg/mL for the cinnamon formula, and 525.825 µg/mL for the mint formula. Red sesbania flower herbal tea exhibited weaker antioxidant activity than vitamin C, with a significantly higher IC50 value (1.88 µg/mL) compared to vitamin C.
Antioxidant Activity Interaction of Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) and Soursop Leaves (Annona muricata L.) Brew Combination Using the FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) Method Apriyani, Zupita; Perwitasari, Melania; Beandrade, Maya Uzia; Nathalia, Dede Dwi
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v6i2.23776

Abstract

Free radical compounds can damage human body cells, triggering degenerative diseases. The prevention effort is to consume natural ingredients such as rosella and soursop leaves, which have the potential as antioxidants. This study is to determine the antioxidant activity of rosella and soursop leaf brew and their combination interaction. This research uses experimental quantitative methods. The samples used were F1 (rosella), F2 (soursop leaves) and their combination with concentration variations F3 (50:50), F4 (75:25), and F5 (25:75). Antioxidant activity values were determined by the FRAP method and analyzed using One-way ANOVA. The antioxidant activity value of rosella, soursop leaves and their combinations F3, F4 and F5 are 69.222 µg/mL; 133.701 µg/mL; 104.049 µg/mL; 57.382 µg/mL; and 115.438 µg/mL. Analysis: One-way ANOVA test of rosella and soursop leaf brew with several concentration variations has significant differences, sig. 0.000 <0.05 on the value of antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of the soursop leaf brew was higher than rosella brew. The combination interaction was categorized as antagonistic, with a % difference <0.
Determination of Hydroquinone in Whitening Cream Cosmetics in the Industrial Area of East Serang using UV-VIS Spectrophotometry Method Rusdiana, Nita; Zenith Putri Dewiyanti; Heriyana Heriyana
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v6i2.24350

Abstract

Hydroquinone is an active compound used to reduce reversible skin hyperpigmentation. This is why hydroquinone is often used as a bleach in creams. In this study, qualitative and quantitative analyses of hydroquinone in whitening cream cosmetic products circulating in the East Serang Industrial Estate, Serang Regency, which do not have an Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM) registration number, were performed. The sample in this study consisted of eight purposively selected samples, coded A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H. The qualitative test was performed by determining the reagent's color with a FeCl3 solution. A quantitative test was carried out by determining the levels of hydroquinone compounds using a UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. The color reagent test results showed that all eight cream samples were positive for hydroquinone. The results of the quantitative test revealed that the eight positive cream samples contained hydroquinone with a sample A content of 2.10%, B by 1.70%, C by 4.34%, D by 5.61%, E by 6.11%, F by 1.77%, G by 5.40%, and H by 8.33%. Overall levels of hydroquinone in the samples used in this study exceeded the limit set by the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM), which should not exceed 0.00%.
Formulation and Antioxidant Activity of Syzygium polyanthum (Salam) Ethanolic Extract with Het-Cam Irritation Assessment Lina Widiyastuti; Siti Fatmawati Fatimah; Athiyyah Najelita Harahap; Leoni Nanda Wulandari; Hajjatuna Hasna Salsabil; Syifa Aulia Nugraheni; Aulia Salsabila Merdeksari
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v6i2.26833

Abstract

Ethanol extract of salam leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) contains flavonoids, tannins, essential oils, citric acid, and eugenol, which are efficacious as antioxidants, anti-cholesterol, antimicrobials, and antidiabetics. Extracts need to be formulated in gel dosage forms to obtain uniform doses, enhance the effectiveness of pharmacological effects, ensure hygiene, and facilitate ease of use. The study aims to develop a gel formula using the physical characteristics ANOVA method with ethanol extract from salam leaves at a 95% confidence level. The results revealed that the salam leaves ethanol extract gel had moderate to strong antioxidant activity. The results of the irritation test indicate that the characteristics have met the requirements for efficacious antioxidant dosage forms that do not cause irritation. The stages of the research method began with the development of a gel dosage form using Design Expert software. The gel formed exhibited physical characteristics, including organoleptic properties, viscosity, homogeneity, pH, adhesion, and spreadability. The gel effectiveness test included an antioxidant test using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method and an in vitro irritation test using the Hen's Egg Test Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) method, which assessed the presence of lysis, bleeding, or coagulation in the test media.
Metabolomic Study of Andrographis paniculata Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Yustawan, Dandy Arif; Apriliani, Firli Triayu; Farmasari, Novan Visia; Rofida, Siti
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v6i2.27055

Abstract

Andrographis paniculata contains bioactive compounds with anticancer, hepatoprotective, antibacterial, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Key compounds include andrographolide, paniculide, farnesol, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, phenols, and tannins. Environmental and geographic factors influence the composition of these compounds, thereby altering metabolite profiles. This study used FTIR and GC-MS methods in a non-targeted metabolomics approach to identify and analyze the metabolite diversity of Andrographis paniculata from different regions of Java Island. The FTIR analysis identified functional groups associated with secondary metabolites, including tannins, flavonoids, andrographolide, saponins, alkaloids, and triterpenoids. GC-MS profiling identified 43, 46, and 49 metabolites in West Java, Central Java, and East Java samples, respectively, with fatty acids and fatty acid esters as the dominant classes. PCA clearly separated Central Java samples from the other two regions, while ANOSIM confirmed significant differences in chemical composition among the groups. Overall, the findings demonstrate that geographical origin strongly influences the secondary metabolite composition of A. paniculata, with Central Java exhibiting the most distinct profile.
Antioxidant Properties and Storage Behavior of Malayan Cherry Fruit Water Extracts Hamad, Alwani; Santika, Dita; Hartanti, Dwi
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v6i2.28961

Abstract

The fruits of the Malayan cherry (Muntingia calabura L.) have been used for diabetes management in Banyumas due to their potential antioxidant properties. This study aims to optimize water extraction for antioxidant properties and determine the organoleptic and physicochemical properties of the selected extracts during 18 days of storage. The effects of the extraction method (infusion, 15-min decoction, 30-min decoction) and the drug-to-solvent ratio (1:10, 1:20, 1:100) on total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity, measured by DPPH scavenging activity and FRAP methods, were evaluated using their respective standard assays. The selected extract (from infusion at a 1:20 ratio) was stored in airtight bottles at 4±2 °C for 18 days. The organoleptic, pH, and antioxidant properties stability was evaluated accordingly. The crude drug-to-solvent ratio significantly affected TFC, with the 1:100 ratio generating the highest value (6.43 mg QE/g DW). Both the extraction method and the solvent ratio significantly defined TPC, DPPH scavenging activity, and FRAP, with the infusion at a 1:20 ratio showing the highest TPC (4.15 mg GAE/g DW), DPPH scavenging activity (25.2 mmol TE/100 g DW), and FRAP (93.93 mmol TE/100 g DW). Infusion at a 1:20 ratio showed significant decreases in pH, TFC, TPC, and DPPH scavenging activity on day 6 of storage, whereas changes in aroma and taste were observed on day 12. The infusion method at a 1:20 ratio is optimal for extracting antioxidants from Malayan cherry fruit extract. However, its application is limited by significant bioactive degradation during storage, which needs to be addressed with the development of a suitable dosage form.
Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) Parameters of Clitoria ternatea L. Using Response Surface Methodology: Effects on Phytochemical Content and UV-Protective Activity Firdausia, Rizqa Salsabila; Rusydan, Azka Muhammad; Rikhaturhohmah, Rikhaturhohmah; Lastanti, Eka Sepfiya Harya; Azizah, Nayla Nur Alfina; Dhanty, Tyas Eka Rama; Sari, Kurnia Rahayu Purnomo
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v6i2.30038

Abstract

Solar radiation includes ultraviolet (UV) rays that can induce adverse effects on the skin due to increasing environmental exposure. Sunscreen application is an effective approach to prevent UV-related skin damage, and natural products rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds have gained attention as alternative photoprotective agents. This study aimed to determine the optimal UAE conditions for Clitoria ternatea flower to achieve maximum secondary metabolite content and UV-protective activity, evaluated through total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), Sun Protection Factor (SPF), percentage of erythema transmission (%Te), and pigmentation transmission (%Tp). Optimization was performed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a Box–Behnken Design generated by Design-Expert® software version 13, involving three independent variables and 15 experimental runs. Phytochemical screening confirmed that all extract batches contained phenolic and flavonoid compounds. RSM analysis successfully identified the optimal extraction parameters at a solid-to-solvent ratio of 14.51, an ethanol–water solvent ratio of 100:0, and an extraction time of 60 minutes. Under these conditions, the predicted responses were 38.37 mg GAE/g extract for TPC, 44.05 mg QE/g extract for TFC, an SPF value of 17.31, %Te of 1.40%, and %Tp of 2.02%. These findings demonstrate that optimized UAE enhances the recovery of bioactive compounds and improves the UV-protective potential of Clitoria ternatea flower extract, supporting its application as a natural sunscreen agent.

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