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Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research

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Published by HM Publisher

ISSN : - EISSN : 25980580 DOI : https://doi.org/10.37275/bsm

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

This journal welcomes the submission of articles that offering a sensible transfer of basic research to applied clinical medicine. BioScientia Medicina covers the latest developments in various fields of biomedicine with special attention to : 1.Rhemumatology 2.Molecular aspect of Indonesia Traditional Herb 3.Cardiology and Cardiovascular diseases 4.Genetics 5.Immunology 6.Environmental health 7.Toxicology 8. Neurology 9. Pharmacology 10. Oncology 11. Other multidisciplinary studies related medicine. The views of experts on current advances in nanotechnology and molecular/cell biology will be also considered for publication as long as they have a direct clinical impact on human health.

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)

Articles 1,165 Documents

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Systemic HIV-1 Viremia as an Independent Predictor of Reduced Intraocular Pressure: A Multivariable Regression Analysis in Cohorts with and without Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Nyoman Tarita Dewi; I Gusti Ayu Made Juliari; Ida Ayu Ary Pramita
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1428

Background: The association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and reduced intraocular pressure (IOP) is recognized, yet its independence from confounding opportunistic infections like cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) remains unquantified. This study aimed to determine the independent association between systemic HIV-1 viral load and IOP by employing a robust multivariable analysis in cohorts with and without CMVR. Methods: A comparative, cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 HIV-positive patients (50 with CMVR, 50 without CMVR) at a tertiary referral hospital. Data included demographics, HIV clinical stage (WHO), quantitative HIV-1 viral load, and IOP measured by applanation tonometry. The primary analysis utilized a multivariable linear regression model to assess the association between log-transformed viral load and continuous IOP, adjusting for age, gender, HIV stage, and CMVR status. An interaction term was used to test for effect modification by CMVR. Results: After adjusting for all covariates, log₁₀ HIV-1 viral load was a powerful and highly significant independent predictor of lower IOP. For every 10-fold increase in viral load, IOP decreased by an average of 0.88 mmHg (β = -0.88; 95% CI: -1.15 to -0.61; p < 0.001). Advanced HIV stage was also independently associated with lower IOP (Stage IV vs. Stage I: β = -1.25; 95% CI: -2.10 to -0.40; p = 0.004). The effect of viral load on IOP did not significantly differ between the CMVR and non-CMVR groups (p for interaction = 0.762), confirming its independent systemic effect. Conclusion: Systemic HIV-1 viremia is a dominant, independent predictor of reduced intraocular pressure, irrespective of CMVR status. This dose-dependent relationship highlights a direct pathophysiological link between viral replication and aqueous humor dynamics. IOP measurement represents a potential adjunctive clinical indicator for monitoring systemic HIV-1 disease activity.

Gray Patch Tinea Capitis by Microsporum canis in a Child: A Case Report Highlighting Environmental Risk Factors and Diagnostic Nuances Mario Korwa; Luh Made Mas Rusyati; Handelia Phinari; Andrew Wicaksono; Nandya Dwizella
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1429

Background: Tinea capitis, a dermatophytosis of the scalp, is a leading cause of hair loss in children. Its successful management hinges on understanding its complex etiology, including host susceptibility and pathogen virulence. Microsporum canis, a zoophilic fungus, is a primary causative agent, yet its transmission pathways and diagnostic markers are not fully elucidated. Case presentation: A 3-year-old female presented with a two-week history of progressive, pruritic alopecia. Clinical history was notable for the absence of animal contact but revealed significant environmental exposure at a hair salon. Dermatological examination showed multiple, well-demarcated, alopecic patches with fine scaling, characteristic of gray patch tinea capitis. While Wood's lamp examination was negative, trichoscopy revealed comma hairs and Morse code-like hairs, suggesting fungal infection. Microscopic examination of hair shafts confirmed an ectothrix invasion pattern, and fungal culture definitively identified Microsporum canis. The patient achieved complete resolution following a six-week course of oral griseofulvin and adjuvant topical ketoconazole. Conclusion: This case demonstrates that indirect fomite transmission from environmental reservoirs like hair salons is a critical risk factor for zoophilic tinea capitis, independent of animal contact. It further establishes trichoscopy as an essential tool for accurate, rapid diagnosis when classic signs, such as Wood's lamp fluorescence, are absent, thereby optimizing patient management and public health outcomes.

The Emerging Role of Integrins in Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Their Diagnostic and Prognostic Utility for Early Risk Stratification Mazaya Indah Brillian Amadea; Drajad Priyono
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1430

Background: Current biomarkers for diabetic kidney disease (DKD), notably albuminuria and eGFR, are markers of established renal damage, limiting opportunities for early intervention. Integrins, cell-matrix adhesion receptors integral to podocyte health, are emerging as potential upstream indicators of the initial injury that drives DKD. This systematic review and meta-analysis provide the first quantitative synthesis of the evidence on the diagnostic and prognostic utility of integrins in DKD. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science for studies published up to July 2025. We included studies that evaluated integrins in urine, serum, or tissue for the diagnosis of early DKD (microalbuminuria) or for predicting disease progression. Data were pooled using bivariate random-effects models for diagnosis and generic inverse variance models for prognosis. Results: Eight studies involving 2,874 patients met the inclusion criteria. For diagnosing early DKD, five studies (n=1,880) yielded a pooled sensitivity of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.82-0.92) and specificity of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79-0.90). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88-0.94), indicating excellent accuracy. A subgroup analysis of non-invasive samples (urine/serum) demonstrated similarly high performance. For prognosis, three prospective studies (n=1,224) showed that elevated baseline integrins were associated with a significantly increased risk of disease progression (pooled Hazard Ratio: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.65-2.79) over a median 5-year follow-up. Conclusion: Based on the current, albeit limited, evidence, integrins show significant promise as highly sensitive and specific biomarkers for the early detection and potent predictors for the progression of DKD. While these preliminary findings require validation in larger cohort studies, the measurement of non-invasive integrins may represent a valuable future tool for improving early DKD risk stratification.

The Lethal Nexus: Sarcopenic Obesity and the Prospective Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Older Adults-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Cohort Studies Muhammad Ridho Azhari; Roza Mulyana
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1431

Background: The concurrent presence of excess adiposity and low muscle mass, termed sarcopenic obesity (SO), is an emerging geriatric syndrome hypothesized to confer a greater mortality risk than either condition alone. However, the precise magnitude of this risk remains poorly quantified. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence from longitudinal cohort studies to determine the association between SO in older adults and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for longitudinal cohort studies published between January 2015 and August 2025 that evaluated mortality risk in older adults (mean age ≥60 years) with SO. The primary outcomes were all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. A random-effects model was used to pool Hazard Ratios (HRs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. Results: From 2,450 records identified, eight cohort studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 45,280 community-dwelling older adults with a mean follow-up of 8.2 years. Compared to a reference group of non-sarcopenic, non-obese individuals, sarcopenic obesity was associated with a significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (Pooled HR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.42–1.76, p < 0.0001). The risk for cardiovascular mortality, assessed in six studies, was even more pronounced (Pooled HR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.55–1.98, p < 0.0001). Moderate heterogeneity was observed for the all-cause mortality analysis (I2 = 55%), which was partially explained by differences in diagnostic criteria. Conclusion: Sarcopenic obesity is a potent predictor of both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in older adults, conferring a risk substantially greater than a healthy state. These findings underscore the critical need for routine screening and targeted interventions to address this lethal combination of poor body composition in aging populations.

Diagnostic Laparoscopy Versus Routine Exploratory Laparotomy in Hemodynamically Stable Abdominal Trauma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Non-Therapeutic Intervention Rates and Clinical Outcomes Tito Pradipta; Amriansyah Pranowo
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1432

Background: Exploratory laparotomy (EL) has traditionally been the standard for evaluating significant abdominal trauma, but it carries a high rate of non-therapeutic procedures and associated morbidity. Diagnostic laparoscopy (DL) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative, though its precise benefits remain to be quantified by a comprehensive meta-analysis of recent evidence. This study aims to compare the rates of non-therapeutic laparotomy and key clinical outcomes between DL and EL in the management of hemodynamically stable patients with abdominal trauma. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was conducted for studies published between January 2015 and February 2025. We included comparative studies (randomized controlled trials and observational studies) evaluating DL versus EL in adult, hemodynamically stable patients with blunt or penetrating abdominal trauma. The primary outcome was the rate of non-therapeutic laparotomy. Secondary outcomes included overall postoperative morbidity, surgical site infection (SSI) rates, length of hospital stay (LOS), and mortality. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis to calculate pooled Odds Ratios (OR) and Mean Differences (MD) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Results: Eight studies involving 1,550 patients (775 in the DL group, 775 in the EL group) were included. The DL group had a significantly lower rate of non-therapeutic laparotomy compared to the EL group (11.5% vs. 38.8%; pooled OR 0.18, 95% CI [0.10, 0.31], p<0.00001; I2=45%). Furthermore, DL was associated with a significant reduction in overall morbidity (OR 0.45, 95% CI [0.34, 0.60], p<0.00001; I2=22%) and SSI rates (OR 0.38, 95% CI [0.24, 0.61], p<0.0001; I2=0%). The mean LOS was shorter in the DL group by 3.15 days (MD -3.15, 95% CI [-3.88, -2.42], p<0.00001; I2=78%). There was no significant difference in mortality rates between the two groups (OR 0.85, 95% CI [0.45, 1.62], p=0.62; I2=0%). Conclusion: In hemodynamically stable patients with abdominal trauma, a selective strategy involving diagnostic laparoscopy drastically reduces the likelihood of non-therapeutic surgical intervention. This approach is also associated with significantly lower postoperative morbidity, fewer surgical site infections, and a shorter hospital stay without compromising patient survival. These findings strongly support the integration of diagnostic laparoscopy as a primary diagnostic and therapeutic tool in modern trauma management algorithms.

Beta-Blocker Therapy in Older (≥75 Years) and Frail Patients with Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Nurhayani Fatimah; Wahyudi; Taufik Rizkian Asir
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1433

Background: Beta-blockers are a cornerstone of therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but their efficacy and safety in the burgeoning population of very elderly and frail patients, particularly those with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), remain uncertain. This population is characterized by unique pathophysiological features, including altered pharmacokinetics, heightened inflammation, and autonomic dysregulation, which may modulate the treatment effect. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies published between 2015-2025 that evaluated beta-blockers versus placebo or standard care in patients aged ≥75 years or defined as frail with heart failure. The primary efficacy outcome was all-cause mortality. The primary safety outcome was treatment discontinuation due to adverse events. Results: Eight studies (three RCTs, five observational) involving 8,512 patients were included. In the overall population, beta-blocker therapy was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (Hazard Ratio: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.79−0.98), but with significant heterogeneity (I2=68%). Subgroup analysis revealed this benefit was confined to patients with HFrEF (HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.63−0.83), with no benefit observed in HFpEF (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.95−1.25). In frail patients with HFpEF, a trend towards harm was noted (HR: 1.21; 95% CI: 0.98−1.49). Beta-blockers significantly increased treatment discontinuation (Odds Ratio: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.55−2.98), driven primarily by bradycardia. Conclusion: Beta-blocker therapy reduces mortality in elderly patients with HFrEF, consistent with findings in younger populations. However, in elderly and frail patients with HFpEF, beta-blockers offer no mortality benefit and may be associated with harm, likely due to a pathophysiological mismatch between the drug's mechanism and the disease state.

A Masquerading Giant: Unprecedented Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma with Massive Orbito-facial Invasion and the Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges of an Extreme Presentation Rizki Dwayana Putra; Mardijas Efendi; Ardizal Rahman
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1434

Background: Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) is a rare, aggressive adnexal malignancy of the eyelid, notorious for masquerading as benign inflammatory conditions. Presentations involving massive, destructive orbito-facial invasion are exceptionally rare and pose profound diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, often reflecting a confluence of biological aggression and systemic delays in care. Case presentation: A 68-year-old male presented with a one-year history of a progressively enlarging mass on his left upper eyelid, which had evolved into a giant, 15 x 15 x 7 cm fungating tumor, causing complete destruction of the orbital contents and extensive invasion into adjacent facial structures. An initial incisional biopsy was paradoxically interpreted as benign sebaceous hyperplasia. Due to the stark clinico-pathological discordance, a repeat, deeper biopsy was performed. The subsequent histopathological examination revealed a high-grade carcinoma, and the diagnosis was definitively confirmed by a panel of immunohistochemical stains, including strong positivity for Epithelial Membrane Antigen (EMA) and Cytokeratin 7 (CK7). The disease was staged as T4dN1M0 and deemed unresectable. Conclusion: This case documents a catastrophic outcome of SGC, resulting from a combination of delayed patient presentation and initial diagnostic error. It highlights that giant SGC, while rare, must be considered in the differential of destructive facial tumors and underscores that immunohistochemistry is mandatory for resolving clinico-pathological paradoxes in ocular adnexal pathology. This case serves as a call to action for improved public health awareness and enhanced diagnostic acumen to prevent such devastatingly advanced presentations.

Chylous Ascites in Pediatric Lymphangiomatosis: Definitive Localization and Surgical Guidance with 99mTc-Nanocolloid SPECT/CT Hattano Wahyu Riyanto; Trias Nugrahadi
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1435

Background: Chylous ascites, the peritoneal accumulation of triglyceride-rich lymphatic fluid, is a rare and clinically formidable condition, especially in children. It signifies a severe disruption of the lymphatic system. Systemic lymphangiomatosis, a congenital lymphatic malformation, is an exceptionally rare underlying cause. The cornerstone of effective treatment for refractory cases is the precise localization of the lymphatic leakage, which remains a profound diagnostic challenge. Case presentation: We present the case of a 13-year-old female with systemic lymphangiomatosis who developed persistent, high-volume chylous ascites, with outputs reaching 1200 cc/day, following the surgical excision of an abdominal mass. Despite aggressive conservative management, the debilitating leakage continued, precipitating severe metabolic and nutritional derangements. To identify the point of extravasation, the patient underwent lymphoscintigraphy with Technetium-99m (99mTc) nanocolloid and hybrid Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT). While planar imaging confirmed a leak in the right lower abdomen, SPECT/CT provided definitive, high-resolution anatomical localization, pinpointing the site to the pre-peritoneal tissue at the level of the right anterior superior iliac spine. This finding directly guided a successful, targeted surgical repair. Conclusion: This case demonstrates the indispensable role of 99mTc-nanocolloid SPECT/CT in the management of complex, post-surgical chylous ascites. By transforming a two-dimensional area of suspicion into a three-dimensional, surgically-actionable target, this hybrid imaging modality provided the essential roadmap for a curative intervention where all other measures had failed. This report advocates for the integration of SPECT/CT as a standard of care in the diagnostic algorithm for refractory chylous leaks, representing a key technology that facilitates definitive treatment and fundamentally improves patient outcomes.

Conservative versus Interventional Management of Ingested Straight Pins in Adolescent Females: A Retrospective Case Series Illustrating Guideline-Based Decision-Making Purnamasari, Primadita; Sigit Adi Prasetyo; Rudiyuwono Raharjo
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1436

Background: The ingestion of sharp foreign bodies (FBs) in adolescents presents a critical management dilemma, balancing conservative observation against the risk of gastrointestinal perforation. In certain cultural contexts, the accidental ingestion of straight pins used for hijabs creates a unique patient cohort. This study aims to illustrate the practical, guideline-based application of divergent management strategies in these specific clinical scenarios. Methods: We conducted a retrospective case series of five female adolescents, aged 13 to 15 years, managed at a single tertiary center for accidental straight pin ingestion. Data on clinical presentation, radiological findings, management strategy (conservative versus endoscopic), and outcomes were extracted and analyzed. Management decisions were dictated by established international guidelines. Results: Three asymptomatic patients (60%) with pins located distal to the duodenum were managed conservatively and experienced spontaneous passage within 2-4 days. Two patients (40%) required therapeutic endoscopy. One underwent emergent removal for a proximally located pin causing respiratory symptoms. The other, despite being asymptomatic, underwent urgent intervention due to the development of a radiological "sentinel loop" and rising inflammatory markers, which revealed an impacted duodenal pin. No complications occurred in any patient. Conclusion: This series demonstrates that while active surveillance is a safe strategy for asymptomatic patients with distally located sharp FBs, clinical silence does not preclude impending complications. Subtle radiological findings, such as a sentinel loop, are crucial indicators that must prompt timely endoscopic intervention to prevent morbidity. The educational value lies in highlighting these critical decision-making triggers.

Platelet-Rich Plasma-Derived Exosomes Modulate Follicular Regeneration: A Comparative Mechanistic Analysis with Minoxidil in a Preclinical Model of Androgenetic Alopecia Trya Oktaviani; Arie Kusumawardani; Suci Widhiati; Nugrohoaji Dharmawan; Endra Yustin Ellistasari
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1437

Background: The therapeutic armamentarium for androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is limited, with variable efficacy and potential side effects associated with standard treatments like minoxidil. Platelet-rich plasma-derived exosomes (PRP-Exo) represent a novel acellular strategy, offering a concentrated payload of regenerative biomolecules. This study aimed to rigorously evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of PRP-Exo, as a monotherapy and in combination with minoxidil, in a validated murine model of AGA. Methods: A parallel-group, randomized, double-blind, controlled experimental study was conducted. Thirty-two male C57BL/6 mice with testosterone-induced AGA were randomized (n=8/group) to one of four groups: Negative Control (NC), Positive Control (PC; 5% topical minoxidil), Treatment 1 (T1; intradermal PRP-Exo), or Treatment 2 (T2; combination of PRP-Exo and minoxidil). PRP-Exo were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy, Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, and ELISA for marker proteins. After a 14-day treatment period, efficacy was assessed via hair follicle density (HFD), anagen-to-telogen (A/T) ratio, and hair shaft thickness. Mechanistic insight was obtained by quantifying tissue protein levels of Ki-67 and β-catenin by ELISA. Results: All active treatments significantly improved hair regeneration compared to the NC group. The combination therapy (T2) demonstrated the most profound effects across all metrics, showing statistically superior outcomes compared to both minoxidil (PC) and PRP-Exo (T1) monotherapies in HFD (65.8 ± 12.1 vs. 36.2 ± 8.5 and 47.3 ± 10.4 follicles/mm², respectively; p<0.01). Furthermore, T2 treatment led to the highest A/T ratio and hair shaft thickness. ELISA revealed that T2 treatment also resulted in the highest tissue concentrations of the proliferation marker Ki-67 and the Wnt pathway protein β-catenin, suggesting enhanced mitogenic activity and modulation of key developmental pathways. Conclusion: PRP-Exo is a potent hair regenerative agent, significantly outperforming minoxidil in this preclinical model. The combination of PRP-Exo and minoxidil exhibits a synergistic effect, promoting superior follicular regeneration by concurrently stimulating tissue proliferation and upregulating key components of the anagen-promoting Wnt signaling pathway. These findings underscore the significant clinical potential of PRP-Exo as a next-generation therapy for AGA.

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Editorial Address Jl. Sirna Raga no 99, 8 Ilir, Ilir Timur 3, Palembang

Location Kota palembang, Sumatera selatan INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Rachmat Hidayat

Contact Email
dr.rachmat.hidayat@gmail.com

Phone
+6281949581088

Journal Mail Official
editor.bioscmed@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Jl. Sirna Raga no 99, 8 Ilir, Ilir Timur 3, Palembang

Location
Kota palembang,

Sumatera selatan

INDONESIA