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INDONESIA
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA)
Published by Sarana Ilmu Indonesia
ISSN : 23379847     EISSN : 26862883     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36590/jika
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) aims to provide forum exchanges and interfaces between researchers and related practitioners in the field of health. The journal only accepts articles from original research results (top priorities), case study articles (not priorities), and scientific studies of recent articles (not preferences). JIKA is a scientific journal that contains research papers from the field of health sciences including: Medical and clinical research, food and nutrition research, public health research, obstetrics management research, nursing management research, and pharmacy research.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 341 Documents
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Heart Disease Risk Classification and Feature Importance Based on Machine Learning Using Microdata SKI 2023 Zahra Mulki Syari'ati; Maula Ismail Muhamad; Lina Khasanah; Bambang Karmanto; Suratmi Suratmi
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Volume 8 Nomor 1 April 2026
Publisher : Sarana Ilmu Indonesia (Salnesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36590/jika.v8i1.1929

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease remained the leading cause of mortality in Indonesia, with death rates increasing by more than 25% and national health expenditure reaching Rp17.92 trillion. Its complex risk profile requires population-based predictive approaches. The 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI) provided extensive data suitable for Machine Learning-based risk modelling. This study aimed to develop a classification model for heart-disease risk and identify dominant risk factors using the Random Forest algorithm. A case-control design was applied, with data divided into training and testing sets using an 80:20 ratio to ensure objective model evaluation. The analysis followed the Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) framework, including data selection, preprocessing, transformation, modelling, and evaluation. Random Forest was used for classification, while feature importance was assessed using Information Gain and Gain Ratio. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Age, hypertension, and Body Mass Index (BMI) were identified as the most influential predictors. The model achieved an accuracy of 72.13%, sensitivity of 73.11%, and specificity of 71.26%, indicating stable classification performance on large population data. However, this study is limited by the use of secondary data and the absence of external validation. These findings highlight the potential of Machine Learning to support population-based risk stratification and inform targeted prevention strategies, contributing to evidence-based policy development and early screening programs in primary healthcare settings.
Risk Factors of Stunting Among Under-Five Children in the Babirik Subdistrict, Hulu Sungai Utara Regency Hamidah Hamidah; Niken Widyastuti Hariati; Rahmani Rahmani; Siti Mas'Odah
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Volume 8 Nomor 1 April 2026
Publisher : Sarana Ilmu Indonesia (Salnesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36590/jika.v8i1.1946

Abstract

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem in toddlers in Indonesia, including in Babirik District, Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, with a prevalence rate of 23.98%, which impacts children's growth and development. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for stunting in toddlers aged 12–59 months in Babirik District. This study used an observational analytical design with a case-control approach in 108 toddlers with a 1:1 ratio. The variables studied included maternal age during pregnancy, maternal nutritional status during pregnancy, maternal history of pregnancy complications, birth weight, history of exclusive breastfeeding, and history of complementary feeding. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews with searches of KIA books and medical records, data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and odds ratio (OR). The results showed that the majority of mothers during pregnancy were 20–35 years old (83.3%), with normal nutritional status (65.7%), and did not experience pregnancy complications (75.9%). Most toddlers were born with normal weight (88%), received exclusive breastfeeding (54.6%), and received complementary foods on time (57.4%). Maternal nutritional status during pregnancy (p-value = 0.008), birth weight (p-value = 0.008; OR = 1.895), and exclusive breastfeeding (p-value = 0.001; OR = 1.317) were significantly associated with stunting, while maternal age, pregnancy complications, and appropriate complementary feeding were not associated (p-value > 0.05). It is recommended that stuntingprevention efforts focus on improving maternal nutritional status during pregnancy, monitoring birth weight, and strengthening exclusive breastfeeding through health services
An Ecological Study and Disparities Analysis of Stunting and Its Predictors in Indonesia Based on SSGI 2024 Niken Agus Tianingrum; Reny Mareta Sari
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Volume 8 Nomor 1 April 2026
Publisher : Sarana Ilmu Indonesia (Salnesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36590/jika.v8i1.1952

Abstract

Stunting still remains a public health problem in Indonesia. Based on Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI) 2024, the prevalence of stunting has declined over the past decade but remains high and varies considerably across the 36 provinces. This study aimed to describe ecological patterns and regional disparities in stunting prevalence and its predictors in Indonesia. This ecological study used secondary data from the SSGI 2024, with provinces as the unit of analysis. The dependent variable was provincial stunting prevalence, while independent variables included maternal knowledge, complete basic immunization, standard growth monitoring, iron supplementation, and access to safe drinking water. Bivariate analysis was conducted using scatter plots, and Spearman correlation tests were applied to assess associations. The results revealed clear disparities in stunting prevalence between western and eastern Indonesia, particularly across Sumatra, Java, and Bali. Provinces with higher coverage of complete basic immunization and better access to safe drinking water tended to have lower stunting prevalence. Conversely, higher coverage of growth monitoring was associated with higher stunting prevalence. Three variables were significantly associated with stunting prevalence: complete basic immunization (p-value = 0.03), standard growth monitoring (p-value = 0.007), and access to safe drinking water (p-value = 0.0002). The findings suggest that strengthening basic immunization, growth monitoring, and access to safe drinking water, particularly through optimizing POSYANDU as an integrated maternal and child health service may help reduce stunting prevalence in Indonesia.
An Analysis of Factors Associated with Anxiety in Pregnant Women Putri Nadillah Isti; Dwi Ernawati; Ririn Wahyu Hidayati
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Volume 8 Nomor 1 April 2026
Publisher : Sarana Ilmu Indonesia (Salnesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36590/jika.v8i1.1957

Abstract

Anxiety during pregnancy has the potential to affect the psychological and physical well-being of both the mother and the fetus. If not properly managed, this anxiety can persist into the postpartum period and increase the risk of postpartum depression, labor complications, preterm birth, and low birth weight (LBW) infants, as well as potentially hinder fetal brain development. This study aimed  to identify factors associated with anxiety among pregnant women at the Sleman Community Health Center in Yogyakarta. This study was a quantitative survey using a cross-sectional study design. The study subjects consisted of 105 individuals who met the inclusion criteria and were selected using purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted using the PASS (Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale) questionnaire, and analysis was performed using Fisher’s Exact test. The results showed that 51 subjects (48.6%) experienced mild to moderate anxiety. In addition, this study found a significant association between the age of pregnant women and anxiety (p = 0.041). However, no significant association was found between the number of pregnancies (p = 0.063), gestational age (p = 0.275), educational level (p = 0.143), and economic status (p = 0.904) and maternal anxiety. The factor associated with anxiety in pregnant women is maternal age, whereas the number of pregnancies, gestational age, education, and economic status do not influence anxiety in pregnant women. The results of this study support the importance of support through health policies.
Analysis of Protein Intake Among Female Adolescents in Tasikmalaya City Rizka Fikrinnisa; Lilik Hidayanti; Luh Desi Puspareni
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Volume 8 Nomor 1 April 2026
Publisher : Sarana Ilmu Indonesia (Salnesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36590/jika.v8i1.1964

Abstract

Adequate protein quantity and quality are vital to support the rapid physical growth, development, and specific nutritional needs of adolescent girls. This study aimed to analyze protein intake in adolescent girls. This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The subjects were 514 female students from 10 public junior high schools in Tasikmalaya City who were selected using proportional random sampling. Protein intake was measured using a 2 x 24-hour non-consecutive food recall method. Total protein intake data (g) were separated into animal protein intake and vegetable protein intake. Demographic factors, eating habits, and behavior of the subjects were measured using a structured questionnaire. Analysis used the Spearman Rank Test and the Mann Whitney Test for non-normally distributed data. The results that showed a relationship with total protein intake were age (p = 0.013), father's education (p = 0.005), mother's education (p = 0.001), father's occupation (p < 0.001), and snacking habits (p = 0.008). Factors associated with animal protein intake were maternal education (p = 0.03), paternal occupation (p = 0.003), and maternal occupation (p = 0.028). Meal skipping was associated with total protein intake (p = 0.004) and vegetable protein intake (p = 0.016). Breakfast habits were associated with animal protein intake (p = 0.048). This provided a basis for designing appropriate nutrition programs, including education about healthy food choices and the importance of nutrient balance in the daily diet of adolescent girls.
Energy Intake, PUFA, Vitamin E, Vitamin B1, and Vitamin B6 with Hemoglobin Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Luh Desi Puspareni; Rani Triani; Taufiq Firdaus Algifari Atmaja
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Volume 8 Nomor 1 April 2026
Publisher : Sarana Ilmu Indonesia (Salnesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36590/jika.v8i1.1965

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a structural or functional kidney disorder that lasts for three months or longer despite poor health. Patients with kidney disease are at risk of developing anemia, the primary etiology of which is decreased erythropoietin. Energy intake, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), vitamin E, vitamin B1, and vitamin B6 play a role in erythropoiesis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between energy intake, PUFA, vitamin E, vitamin B1, and vitamin B6 with Hb levels in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis at Ciamis Regional General Hospital. This study used a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique in this study used non-probability sampling with quota sampling with a sample size of 74 subjects. Energy intake, PUFA, vitamin E, vitamin B1, and vitamin B6 were obtained through 3 x 24-hour non-consecutive food recalls. Data on subjects' hemoglobin levels used pre-hemodialysis hemoglobin levels obtained from subjects' medical records. Bivariate analysis used the Spearman-Rank correlation test. The results of the study showed that there was an association between energy intake (p-value = 0.000; ρ = 0.534), PUFA (p-value = 0.002; ρ = 0.367), vitamin E (p-value = 0.001; ρ = 0.370), vitamin B1 (p-value = 0.001; ρ = 0.370), and vitamin B6 (p-value = <0.001; ρ = 0.471) with Hb levels. It was concluded that energy intake, PUFA, vitamin E, vitamin B1, and vitamin B6 with Hb levels in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. Adequate energy intake and a diet rich in PUFA, vitamin E, vitamin B1, and vitamin B6 ciuld help prevent anemia in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Back Massage in Reducing Anxiety and Back Pain in Third Trimester Pregnant Women Agustina Boru Gultom; Arbani Batubara; Masnila Masnila; Nurlama Siregar
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Volume 8 Nomor 2 Agustus 2026
Publisher : Sarana Ilmu Indonesia (Salnesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36590/jika.v8i2.1968

Abstract

Anxiety is a common problem among pregnant women, especially during the third trimester. Maternal anxiety refers to the experience of excessive and distressing worry, fear, and anxiety related to childbirth, concerns about the well-being of the developing fetus, and the challenges of parenthood. Lower back pain can reduce a pregnant woman's quality of life. Back massage is an intervention that can be offered to pregnant women in the third trimester to relieve anxiety and back pain. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of back massage on anxiety and back pain in pregnant women in the third trimester. This quantitative research used a quasi-experimental approach with a pretest-posttest design for one group of 30 subjects, using consecutive sampling as the sampling technique. The research was conducted from July to December 2025 in the Mulyorejo Community Health Center Working Area, Deli Serdang Regency. The data collected were primary data, derived from guided interviews using a questionnaire.  This study used the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale to assess maternal anxiety and the Numeric Rating Scale to assess back pain. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Stats 22 software using the Wilcoxon test with a 95% confidence level (p-value < 0.05). The study results showed a decrease in anxiety from 16.60 to 10.87, and a decrease in pain from 2.10 to 0.47, with p = 0.0001 for both outcomes. It can be concluded that back massage reduces anxiety and pain in pregnant women in the third trimester.
Nutritional Status, Sleep Duration and the Menstrual Cycle Among Adolescent Girls Yusrima Syamsina Wardani; Tahirah Sakinatun Nisa; Lilik Hidayanti
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Volume 8 Nomor 1 April 2026
Publisher : Sarana Ilmu Indonesia (Salnesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36590/jika.v8i1.1978

Abstract

Menstrual cycle regularity is an important indicator of reproductive health in adolescent girls. Irregular menstrual cycles are still commonly found and are suspected to be associated with lifestyle factors, particularly nutritional status and sleep duration. This study aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional status and sleep duration with menstrual cycles among female students at SMAN 10 Tasikmalaya. The study used an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. Respondents were adolescent girls aged 16–18 years who had experienced menstruation. Nutritional status data were obtained through anthropometric measurements using body mass index-for-age, while information regarding sleep duration and menstrual cycles was collected through interviews using structured questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-Square test. The results showed that most respondents with overweight nutritional status had normal menstrual cycles. In addition, adolescents with insufficient sleep duration tended to experience irregular menstrual cycles. Nutritional status and sleep habits was associated with menstrual cycle patterns among adolescent girls. Therefore, health education in the school environment regarding the importance of balanced nutrition and good sleep habits is needed to maintain adolescent reproductive health.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Compliance in Taking Blood Supplement Tablets (TTD) and The Incidence of Anemia in Adolescent Girls Yana Listyawardhani; Muhamad Zulfikar Mansyur
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Volume 8 Nomor 1 April 2026
Publisher : Sarana Ilmu Indonesia (Salnesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36590/jika.v8i1.1988

Abstract

Anemia in adolescent girls remains a prevalent health problem and has the potential to impact the quality of future health. Anemia prevention is influenced not only by knowledge, but also by attitude and compliance in consuming iron supplement tablets (TTD). This study aimed to analyze the relationship between knowledge and attitude regarding anemia, as well as compliance with TTD consumption, and the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls. This study utilized an observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 86 female students at SMP Negeri 5 Tasikmalaya City, selected using the proportional stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires, TTD consumption checklist sheets, and hemoglobin level measurements using the HemoCue 201+ device, and were analyzed bivariately using the Chi-square test. The results showed that most subjects had low knowledge (62.8%) and were non-compliant in consuming TTD (55.8%), with an anemia incidence of 48.8%. There was a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude (p = 0.024) as well as the incidence of anemia (p = 0.049). Additionally, a relationship was found between attitude and the incidence of anemia (p = 0.018), as well as between compliance with TTD consumption and the incidence of anemia (p = 0.028). It can be concluded that attitude and compliance with TTD consumption play a more direct role in the incidence of anemia compared to knowledge. Therefore, interventions need to be directed not only toward increasing knowledge, but also toward shaping the attitude and behavior of adolescents.
Determinants of Menu Acceptability in Indonesia’s Free Nutritious School Meal Program (MBG) among SD and SMP Students in North Jakarta Mia Srimiati; Adhila Fayasari; Meisi Aspiran Telaumbauna; Ananda Gabriella
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Volume 8 Nomor 1 April 2026
Publisher : Sarana Ilmu Indonesia (Salnesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36590/jika.v8i1.1989

Abstract

Indonesia’s Nutritious Meal Program (Makan Bergizi Gratis, MBG) is a school-based intervention aimed at improving students’ nutritional intake. The success of the program depends not only on menu quality but also on food acceptability, which influences actual consumption. This study aimed to analyze the determinants of MBG menu acceptability among elementary school (ES) and junior high school (JHS) students in North Jakarta. A cross-sectional study was conducted in two program-recipient schools, including ES (n=87) and JHS (n=73) students. Menu acceptability was assessed using a hedonic test, employing a 3-point scale for ES students and a 5-point scale for JHS students. Hedonic scores from ES students were linearly transformed to a 1–5 scale to enable comparability. Independent variables included nutrition knowledge, teacher support, household income, and eating habits (JHS only). Data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test, Chi-square test, and Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and adjusted prevalence ratios (APR). Results showed that overall acceptability scores were significantly higher among JHS than ES students (p < 0.001), while in ES, nutrition knowledge, teacher support, and household income showed no independent association with menu acceptability. In the JHS group, nutrition knowledge and eating habits were significantly associated with higher menu acceptability, while teacher support and household income were not significant in the final model. These findings indicated that determinants of menu acceptability differ by educational level. Tailored strategies to students’ development may improve school meals’ effectiveness in promoting healthy eating.

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