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Sekretariat ILUNI MKK FKUI dan Program Studi Magister Kedokteran Kerja (MKK) Departemen Ilmu Kedokteran Komunitas, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia Jl. Pegangsaan Timur No.16, RT.1/RW.1, Pegangsaan, Kec. Menteng, Kota Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta 10310
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The Indonesian Journal of Community and Occupational Medicine
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2798723X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.53773/ijcom.v1i2
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
IJCOM publishes original research articles, expert opinion, consensus, literature and systematic review as well as commentary focusing on various streams of community health sciences and occupational medicine including health and safety sciences and researches, community and occupational nutrition, community and public health, clinical epidemiology, marine and aviation medicine, public health administration, health management, health economics, health promotion, medical sociology/anthropology, social and family medicine. IJCOM also open for special edition and supplement volume publication
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 109 Documents
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Evaluation of Occupational Health and Safety System: A Case Study of Hepatitis B Due to Needle Stick Injury in a Sanitarian Salim, Stellon; Soemarko, Dewi Sumaryani
The Indonesian Journal of Community and Occupational Medicine Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): ijcom
Publisher : ILUNI MKK FKUI and PRODI MKK FKUI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53773/ijcom.v4i3.151.99-103

Abstract

Background: Work-related Hepatitis B is a significant health issue among healthcare workers, especially those at high risk of needle stick injuries (NSI). Needle stick injuries can act as a transmission route for the Hepatitis B virus, which, if not adequately managed, may lead to serious complications. Evaluating the Hospital Occupational Health and Safety System (OHSS) is crucial to prevent similar incidents. This study aims to evaluate the OHSS system in a hospital for preventing workplace injuries and to analyze a case of Hepatitis B resulting from a needle stick injury in a sanitarian.Case presentation: A 37-year-old male sanitarian was diagnosed with Hepatitis B following a Medical Check-Up that revealed reactive HBsAg without clinical symptoms. The incident occurred in April 2021 when the patient was pricked by a used needle while handling medical waste without using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and without reporting the incident to the hospital’s occupational health unit. The patient had no history of Hepatitis B vaccination and was previously declared HBsAg negative during a 2020 medical check-up. Based on the analysis using the Seven Steps of Occupational Diagnosis, the incident was categorized as an Occupational Disease due to the failure of the OHSS system in preventing infections.Methods: This case report draws on clinical observations and a retrospective review of patient records, using the Seven Steps of Occupational Diagnosis framework to determine causal factors. Workplace safety protocols, including PPE availability and incident reporting processes, were assessed. The patient provided informed consent for the use of their data, with all identifying details removed to maintain confidentiality.Conclusion: Based on the evaluation using the managerial approach of OHSS, the Hepatitis B case in this sanitarian can be categorized as a work-related disease. The needle stick injury leading to Hepatitis B virus transmission highlights deficiencies in implementing workplace safety systems in the hospital. This study emphasizes the importance of strengthening the OHSS system through regular training, adequate PPE provision, improved Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), and continuous monitoring to prevent similar incidents.
Assessing Ergonomic Risks of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Soap Making Industries in Nigeria MUYIWA, Omotunde; Adeigbe, Fatai; Kolawole, Adekunle
The Indonesian Journal of Community and Occupational Medicine Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): ijcom
Publisher : ILUNI MKK FKUI and PRODI MKK FKUI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53773/ijcom.v4i3.152.80-5

Abstract

Introduction: Workers in manufacturing industry are frequently exposed to occupational dangers associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders. However, few studies were available on work-related musculoskeletal disorders amidst workers in Nigeria’s soap making industry. Objective: To assesses ergonomic risk associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in soap production. Method: Twenty purposively selected soap baking workers from four industries; work postures were assessed. Semi-structured oral questionnaires were used to appraise body areas where participants experienced the WMSDs. Workplace inspections were done by observing soap baking workers engaged in their various tasks. The semi-structured oral questionnaires and observation data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and the Ovako Working Posture Analysis System. Result: The descriptive statistics revealed that the participants experienced pain/discomfort arising from their work, with the body parts most commonly affected been the lower back, wrists-hands, shoulders, and upper back (100%), respectively, elbows, and ankles/feet (75%), respectively, and neck (50%). Participants identified ergonomic risk were frequent twisting and bending during dragging of soap cake into the conveyor from cylinder cooler hopper as the prominent cause of the ache. Conclusion: The workplace should be ergonomically redesign to reduce frequent bending and twisting during soap baking that require inclined conveyor and handling techniques, to eliminate the identified risk factors causing WMSD among the soap baking workers.
Community Based Stunting Prevention: Learning from Blue Collar Workers’ Children in Indonesia Soffiudin, Muhammad; Putri, Winda; Amanda, Rachel; Pratiwi, Dessy; Makrufardi, Firdian
The Indonesian Journal of Community and Occupational Medicine Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): ijcom
Publisher : ILUNI MKK FKUI and PRODI MKK FKUI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53773/ijcom.v4i3.154.86-93

Abstract

Background: Stunting remains a major public health challenge in Indonesia, with a 21.5% prevalence in 2023, impacting children’s development and the nation’s human capital. This study aims to provide additional findings on nutritional status of Indonesia under five children in Cianjur and Klaten.Methods: This study conducts a secondary data analysis of survey data among healthy under five children of blue collar workers in 2 areas (Cianjur and Klaten) in Indonesia with a cross-sectional design and combines with existing nutrition status in Indonesia. Various statistical analysis methods were performed accordingly to obtain insights in refining and scaling up stunting prevention strategies. Results: Overall, 236 under five children of blue collar workers were enrolled in this study. We observed that Cianjur has higher under nutritional status overall than Klaten. The Cianjur region have higher underweight status (10.8%), higher stunting status (20.4%), and higher wasting status (4.3%) compared to Klaten (7.7%, 16.8%, and 2.1%, respectively). In comparison with the prevalences of under nutrition coming from latest national survey, Cianjur found to be has lower underweight status (7.0%), lower stunting status (11.4%) and lower wasting status (3.4%) than Klaten (18.6%, 24.5%, and 7.5%, respectively). There is no significant difference stunting proportion between the two areas. Findings from this survey may reflect the impact of initiatives done by local government in reducing the impact of undernutrition (including stunting) among blue collar workers’ children. Conclusion: This study highlights the positive impact of Indonesia’s stunting prevention programs. Further research is needed to strengthen evidence and refine strategies for better child nutrition and health.
Associations of Chronotype and Job Stressors with Anxiety, Depression, and Stress among Shift Workers in Oil and Gas Company Nurbaeti, Fitria; Agiananda, Feranindhya; Khoe, Levina Chandra; Soemarko , Dewi Sumaryani; Khazim, Imron
The Indonesian Journal of Community and Occupational Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): ijcom
Publisher : ILUNI MKK FKUI and PRODI MKK FKUI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53773/ijcom.v5i1.155.1-10

Abstract

Background: Oil and gas companies often require employees to work abnormal working hours, namely long shift hours and changing work environment conditions. Understanding how chronotypes, which refer to an individual’s biological preferences for choosing sleep and wake times (starting activities) and job stressors impact anxiety, depression, and distress levels among shift workers in oil and gas companies can aid in developing more effective risk management, health, and wellness programs for the workforce.Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between chronotype and work stress with anxiety, depression, and stress in oil and gas companies.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in an oil and gas company in Indonesia. Data was collected in 2024 using online questionnaires and interviews. Chronotype was measured using the Morningness Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) in Indonesian Version, job stressors were identified using the Stress Diagnostic Survey (SDS), and distress levels were obtained from the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS 21). Results: Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the chronotype type for workers in oil and gas companies is morning type as much as 57.4% and midnight type as much as 42.6%. From the results of the analysis, no relationship was found between chronotype and work stressors with stress levels. Chronotype type and work stressors are not related to the level of anxiety, depression and stress in the worker population in this study. The level of anxiety, depression and stress in workers was 20.5% and the prevalence of work stressors in workers experiencing moderate stress levels in the form of role inequality 54.9%, role conflict 52.5%, qualitative overload 52.5%, career development 50%, and responsibility for others 54.1%. While the most quantitative overload stressors were at the mild stress level 54.9%.Conclusion: The majority of respondents were morning type, and their job stressors were at moderate levels. The chronotype and job stressors did not have relationships with the level of distress. Other factors related to the incidence of anxiety, depression and stress levels in this study were age, length of service and type of work.
Review Article How Can Occupational Medicine Research Ensure it Adheres to Research and Publication Ethics? Nugraha Artar, Aditya
The Indonesian Journal of Community and Occupational Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): ijcom
Publisher : ILUNI MKK FKUI and PRODI MKK FKUI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53773/ijcom.v5i1.159.19-4

Abstract

Background: Occupational health research plays a vital role in protecting worker health, preventing work-related diseases, and promoting a safe workplace. However, its success depends not only on the quality of scientific findings but also on adherence to research and publication ethics.Methods:This study presents a narrative literature review analyzing ethical principles throughout the stages of occupational health research. Sources reviewed include international ethical guidelines, scientific journal policies, and national regulations on public health research ethics.Results: Findings highlight that ethical approval by independent committees, continuous and substantive informed consent, and strict data confidentiality are key elements in ensuring research integrity. Additionally, managing conflicts of interest, responsible authorship practices, and preventing plagiarism, fabrication, and falsification of data are critical indicators of ethical compliance. The collaborative roles of researchers, institutions, funders, and government are essential in building an ethical research ecosystem.Conclusion: The consistent and comprehensive application of ethical principles in occupational health research leads to credible and policy-relevant scientific evidence. Cross-sector efforts are required to ensure ethical compliance and sustainability in the field.
Plagiarism and Self Plagiarism in Occupational Health Research : Insights and Current Perspectives Sholihah, Ratih Catur
The Indonesian Journal of Community and Occupational Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): ijcom
Publisher : ILUNI MKK FKUI and PRODI MKK FKUI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53773/ijcom.v5i1.161.25-30

Abstract

Background: Integrity is the most crucial element for the reputation of scientific research and publication. Plagiarism is a significant contributor to unethical publications and retractions among research in regions of Asia (namely South, East and Southeast). Self-plagiarism is a form of plagiarism. The number of scientific journals published per year has been steadily increasing, so have the occurences of plagiarism and self-plagiarism in medical research.Methods: In March 2025, we conducted basic search techniques within all fields in Cochrane, Google Scholar and Scopus. We searched PubMed using an advanced search technique with medical terms (MeSH terms). We counted sources from scientific journals published in English between 2018 and 2025.Results: Plagiarism is a prevalent type of research misconduct in which an author presents another individual’s work (such as ideas, data, results, or text) as their own, without giving credit or obtaining consent from the original source. Self-plagiarism can be found when an author duplicates text/ results from his own previous publications. There are three practical steps to avoid plagiarism: cite everything properly, synthesize, and contribute your analysis.Conclusions: Researchers can learn about different types of plagiarism (i.e. self-plagiarism) by taking appropriate training in scientific writing. They can encourage the utilization of plagiarism detection tools, resulting in a significant decrease in the issue. By synthesizing knowledge, methodologies, and perspectives from different disciplines, the risk of unintentional plagiarism can be minimized.
The Relationship between Job Insecurity, Work distress and Anxiety with Hypertension in Fishing Equipment Manufacturing Worker Anggraeni, Caroline; Fuady, Ahmad; Wibowo, Suryo; Soemarko, Dewi Sumaryani; Isbayuputra, Marsen
The Indonesian Journal of Community and Occupational Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): ijcom
Publisher : ILUNI MKK FKUI and PRODI MKK FKUI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53773/ijcom.v5i1.163.11-8

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease and can be influenced by psychosocial factors such as job insecurity, work distress, and anxiety. The objective of this study to analyze the impact of job insecurity, work distress, and anxiety on the incidence of hypertension among employees. Explore the mediating role of distress and anxiety in the relationship between job insecurity and hypertension.Method: There was a cross-sectional design, encompassing a population of employees from a fishing equipment manufacturing company. Consecutive sampling was utilized to select study participants, and data was collected via COPSOQ III questionnaires for assessed job insecurity, the 4DSQ instrument for assesses work distress and anxiety, and measuring blood pressure. The collected data underwent logistic regression analysis for mediating role of work distress and anxiety in the relationship between job insecurity and hypertensionResult: In the bivariate analysis, the probability of hypertension is significantly 4.05 times higher in workers experiencing moderate distress than low distress. In the multivariate analysis, after adjusting for dependent variables, ikelihood of hypertension is 3.88 times higher in workers experiencing moderate distress compared to those with low distress.Conclusion: There is a correlation between work distress and hypertension among workers in a fishing equipment manufacturing company. Work distress and anxiety do not serve as mediators in the relationship between job insecurity and hypertension among workers. Recommendations for this company is implementation of distress management programs such as training in relaxation techniques, or counseling to reduce worker distress.
Informed Consent in Occupational Health Research: A Review on Ethical Challenges Norris, Andrias
The Indonesian Journal of Community and Occupational Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): ijcom
Publisher : ILUNI MKK FKUI and PRODI MKK FKUI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53773/ijcom.v5i1.165.31-5

Abstract

Background: In research involving human subjects, including occupational health research, informed consent must be obtained from prospective participants. However, the extent to which informed consent should be obtained, what should be disclosed to participants, and how the process should be conducted are not always given due consideration in research. Methods: In April 2025, we conducted a journal search using basic techniques across all sources on Google, Google Scholar and Scopus. We also searched PubMed using advanced search techniques and medical terms (MeSH terms). The journals were published in English at any time between 2014 and 2025.Results: In a study involving human subjects, ethical principles must be followed. One of these principles is obtaining informed consent from potential participants. No one, including the state, can force someone to participate in research, and participants can withdraw from the study at any time. Researchers must obtain informed consent from potential participants. The principle of informed consent requires information, understanding and voluntariness to be fully upheld, ensuring that participants are fully aware of the research being conducted and thereby ensuring the validity of the research results. In certain cases, informed consent may be modified or waived with the approval of the research ethics committee.Conclusions: Researchers can learn about the important role of informed consent in research involving human participants, including those involved in occupational health studies. If prospective participants do not understand the informed consent process, this can cause research to become biased or even lead to withdrawal from the research process. In addition to complying with the three principles of informed consent (information, understanding and voluntariness), the consent process must also take into account the appropriate format, which should be concise and focused.
Return-to-Work Management in A Palm Oil Harvester with Occupational Keratitis from A Foreign Body: A Case Report Kusuma, Mardiansyah; Soemarko, Dewi Sumaryani
The Indonesian Journal of Community and Occupational Medicine Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): ijcom
Publisher : ILUNI MKK FKUI and PRODI MKK FKUI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53773/ijcom.v5i2.167.73-6

Abstract

Introduction: Effective return-to-work (RTW) management is essential for minimizing workplace disruptions and supporting functional recovery following occupational injuries. In physically demanding sectors such as palm oil harvesting, eye injuries—particularly occupational keratitis caused by plant debris—can lead to temporary visual impairment and reduced ability to perform essential job tasks. Objective.This case report demonstrates how structured RTW coordination, involving interprofessional collaboration and employer engagement, facilitates safe workplace reintegration and prevents reinjury.Methods: We report the case of a 27-year-old male palm oil harvester in Indonesia who developed left-eye keratitis after removing fogged protective goggles during harvesting. He was treated by an ophthalmologist, while a hospital-based occupational medicine specialist—acting in place of an internal occupational health unit—evaluated his work capacity, recommended temporary duty adjustments, and collaborated with company management to implement them.Results: Initial treatment consisted of topical antibiotics and ocular lubricants. The patient was deemed temporarily unfit for regular duties and was advised to perform low-risk tasks. Although the employer’s response was initially delayed, collaboration with the occupational physician facilitated a phased return to work through modified duties and ongoing monitoring. Full visual recovery was achieved within 17 days, after which the patient resumed regular tasks without restrictions. At 3.5 months post-injury, he remained asymptomatic and fully fit for work.Conclusions: Successful return to work (RTW) following occupational keratitis requires early and structured coordination between ophthalmologists and occupational medicine specialists, as well as active involvement from the employer. Temporary job modifications, functional capacity assessments, and ongoing monitoring are essential to ensure a safe reintegration process and to maintain productivity. In the absence of on-site occupational health services, hospital-based occupational medicine specialists play a vital role in conducting fitness-for-work evaluations and recommending appropriate workplace accommodations.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Associated Factors Among Workers in Blacksmithing Industry in Java, Indonesia Maha Putra, I Gede; Isbayuputra, Marsen; Wiratman, Winnugroho; Hidayat, Rakhmad; Soemarko, Dewi Sumaryani
The Indonesian Journal of Community and Occupational Medicine Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): ijcom
Publisher : ILUNI MKK FKUI and PRODI MKK FKUI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53773/ijcom.v5i2.173.66-72

Abstract

Introduction: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is one of the most common work-related musculoskeletal disorders, particularly in the informal sector such as traditional blacksmithing industries. Objective. This study aims to determine the prevalence and associated factors of CTS among blacksmith workers in Mekarmaju Village, Bandung Regency. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, data were collected from 100 male workers through questionnaires, work observations, and physical examinations (Phalen and Tinel tests). Result:The results showed a CTS prevalence of 68%, with the majority of cases being bilateral. Bivariate analysis revealed several factors associated with CTS, including body mass index, age, dominant hand, and type of work. However, multivariate analysis identified only work duration (>3 years) as a significantly associated factor (aOR = 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01–0.92; p = 0.045), indicating that newer workers are more vulnerable to CTS. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of early ergonomic interventions and health screening at the beginning of employment to prevent CTS in the informal labor sector.

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