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PHARMADEMICA : Jurnal Kefarmasian dan Gizi d/a AKAFARMA - AKFAR PIM, Jalan Barito 5 Malang, Indonesia East Java Indonesia Telp. 0341 – 491132
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Pharmademica: Jurnal Kefarmasian dan Gizi
Published by Akademi Farmasi Putra Indonesia Malang
ISSN : 28083970     EISSN : 28083423     DOI : https://doi.org/10.54445/pharmademica
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Chemistry Public Health
PHARMADEMICA : Jurnal Kefarmasian dan Gizi menerbitkan artikel penelitian asli di semua bidang : Farmasi Klinis Kimia Farmasi Ilmu farmasi Farmasi Komunitas Farmakognosi Fitokimia Analisis Farmasi Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Farmasi Biokimia Nutrisi klinis Gizi Masyarakat Makanan Fungsional
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 54 Documents
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Pengaruh Perbedaan Teknik Ekstraksi Tumbuhan terhadap Hasil Rendemen Mentol: Review Nurlita, Rima; Mutya, Amallia Fitri Dewi; Hasanah, Uswatun
PHARMADEMICA : Jurnal Kefarmasian dan Gizi Vol 3 No 2 (2024): Oktober - Maret
Publisher : LPPM-KI - POLTEKKES PIM (Formerly AKAFARMA-AKFAR PIM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54445/pharmademica.v3i2.39

Abstract

One of the ingredients in essential oils is menthol. Menthol is a compound in the form of crystals that has a mint-like aroma, providing a refreshing cool sensation. Extraction of plants to produce menthol can be done using hydrodistillation, steam distillation and microwave extraction methods. The difference in extraction methods will also determine the menthol that will be produced. This review contains the differences in extraction methods for plants that produce the highest yield of menthol in quantity. The design method used in this review is a systematic review, where the data obtained is a collection of several related studies. From the search results, the hydrodistillation method produced an average yield of menthol from the 5 sources of 58.09%, the steam distillation extraction method was 54.7%, and the microwave extraction was 28%. So the hydrodistillation method produces the largest yield of menthol in quantity compared to the steam distillation and microwave extraction methods.
Identifikasi Senyawa Flavonoid pada Beberapa Jenis Tanaman dengan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis: Literature Review Putri, Anisa Oktaviana; Hati, Mentari Cahaya; Ishanti, Nasywa Putri; Ilham, Hilda Srivaliana
PHARMADEMICA : Jurnal Kefarmasian dan Gizi Vol 3 No 2 (2024): Oktober - Maret
Publisher : LPPM-KI - POLTEKKES PIM (Formerly AKAFARMA-AKFAR PIM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54445/pharmademica.v3i2.40

Abstract

Flavonoids are one of the secondary metabolites contained in plants, and can be used as anti-microbial, wound infection medicine, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-cancer and anti-tumor. This research reviews the isolation and identification of flavonoid secondary metabolite compounds from various parts of plants using the thin layer chromatography (TLC) method with the retention factor (Rf) value parameter. Data from various previous research articles are presented in tables, showing variations in Rf values obtained from the use of different eluents. The results showed that the eluent used influenced the Rf value, with ethanol eluent tending to provide high Rf values (above 0.9), indicating higher validity in flavonoid identification. This implication is important for understanding and interpreting the results of flavonoid analysis in plant research.
Potensi Sereal Tepung Umbi Suweg (Amorphophallus companulatus) sebagai Penurun Berat Badan pada Mencit Jantan dengan Diet Tinggi Lemak Marta, Ayuk; Fitri Eka Lestari; Handayani, Dwi; Ardelia, Gita
PHARMADEMICA : Jurnal Kefarmasian dan Gizi Vol 3 No 2 (2024): Oktober - Maret
Publisher : LPPM-KI - POLTEKKES PIM (Formerly AKAFARMA-AKFAR PIM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54445/pharmademica.v3i2.42

Abstract

Suweg tubers (Amorphophallus companulatus) is a plant that grows wild and is widely used as fodder. The largest component in suweg tuber is carbohydrate that is 80%-85% with glukomanan. Glukomaman is a natural polysaccharide which cannot be hydrolyzed by digestive enzymes in the human body and is known as a no-calorie compounds. This study aims to determine the effect of cereal-based flour suweg tubers (Amorphophallus companulatus) against weight loss of male mice with high fat diet.  Process to made flour from suweg tuber, was cleaned and chopped. Chopped then soaked with salt water then dried and powdered. The yield in flour were obtained by 5.2%. Suweg tubers flour that has been processed into cereal. Cereals made with three variations of the formula that is with the addition of 75g:25g, 50g:g50 and 75g:25g in each recipe. The result cereal flake shaped, sweet flavor, color suweg flour browned and flavorful, and the formula 1 with the addition is a formula which gives the effect of the most in reducing weight.
Mutu Fisik dan Mutu Kimia Sabun Padat dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Ekstrak Kunyit (Curcuma domestica) wuryandari, wahyu; Firnanda, Andreas Candra
PHARMADEMICA : Jurnal Kefarmasian dan Gizi Vol 3 No 2 (2024): Oktober - Maret
Publisher : LPPM-KI - POLTEKKES PIM (Formerly AKAFARMA-AKFAR PIM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54445/pharmademica.v3i2.44

Abstract

Turmeric (Curcuma domestica) contains curcumin which can provide antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Curcumin can also be used as a natural brownish yellow dye at alkaline pH, so it can be used as an additional ingredient in making solid soap. This research aims to determine the physical quality a chemical quality of solid soap preparations with varying concentrations of turmeric extract. This research includes descriptive research which includes making turmeric extract, making solid soap with varying concentrations of turmeric extract concentration of 2 gram (F1), 3 gram (F2) and 4 grams (F3) as well as physical quality testing which includes organoleptic, water content, foam stability and chemical quality testing include pH, fee alkali and free fatty acids. The results of the physical quality test of the 3 soaps formulation were brown soap, solid and odourless. Water content for F1: 0,6486%, F2: 0,4897%, F3: 0,5228%. Foam stability for F1: 5,5 cm, F2: 5,3 cm, F3: 5,3 cm. The chemical quality test result for pH are F1: 8,54, F2: 8,81, F3: 8,94 while free alkali for F1: 0,0428%, F2: 0,0429% dan F3: 0,0461%. Based on the research that has been carried out, it can be conclude that the three solid soap formulas with varying concentrations of turmeric extract have content, foam stability, pH and free alkali in accordance with SNI-3532-2016.
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Krim Ekstrak Daun Sirih dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Etanol 96% Sebagai Antiseptik Aini, Hilfa Qurrotul; Tiadeka, Pemta; Naimah, Janatun
PHARMADEMICA : Jurnal Kefarmasian dan Gizi Vol 3 No 2 (2024): Oktober - Maret
Publisher : LPPM-KI - POLTEKKES PIM (Formerly AKAFARMA-AKFAR PIM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54445/pharmademica.v3i2.46

Abstract

The betel leaf plant (Piperis betle Linn) is a plant that is very easy to find in the surrounding environment. One of the benefits of the betel leaf plant is for treatment as an antiseptic because it contains flavonoid compounds. In order to make it easier for users to use betel leaves (Piperis betle Linn) as an antiseptic, the leaves are extracted with 96% ethanol and then formulated in cream form. This research aims to determine the results of concentration variations on the antiseptic activity of 96% ethanol extract cream from betel leaves on wound healing. Betel leaves (Piperis betle Linn) were extracted using the maceration method using 96% ethanol. Then the extract is made into a cream mass with varying concentrations of the active substance of 4%, 8% and 12%. The results of research on the formulation and evaluation of betel leaf extract cream can be concluded that betel leaves can be formulated as an antiseptic. The results of the physical evaluation show that the betel leaf extract cream has the best preparation in formula II with a concentration of 4% because the cream is included in the test range).
Identifikasi Penggunaan Obat Off Label pada Pasien Geriatri dengan Penyakit Degeneratif di Puskesmas Sugio Nabella, Berliana Putri; Susanti, Irma; Octavia, Devi Ristian
PHARMADEMICA : Jurnal Kefarmasian dan Gizi Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Oktober - Maret
Publisher : LPPM-KI - POLTEKKES PIM (Formerly AKAFARMA-AKFAR PIM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54445/pharmademica.v5i2.111

Abstract

Prescribing medications that do not comply with the official information stated on the drug label and marketing authorization, such as dose, age, route of administration, contraindications, and indications, is known as off-label drug use. Elderly patients may experience undesirable adverse effects due to off-label medication use. This study aimed to evaluate off-label drug use among elderly individuals with degenerative diseases at Sugio Primary Health Center. This study collected data retrospectively from the medical records of elderly patients with degenerative disorders at Sugio Primary Health Center using a descriptive non-experimental design. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling method. The inclusion criteria were geriatric patients aged ≥60 years diagnosed with degenerative diseases who received outpatient care during the period of January–August 2024. Data were collected using an observation sheet and analyzed using univariate analysis. The findings from 150 patients showed that 69 (46%) were categorized as off-label dose and 58 (38.7%) as off-label age. These findings indicate that off-label drug use still occurs among elderly patients, highlighting the need to evaluate the rationality of prescribing practices.
Standardisasi Simplisia dan Ekstrak Daun Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) dari Kabupaten Gowa Sulawesi Selatan Azis, Asyari Al Hutama; Pratiwi, Yani; Putri, Irva Maulidiyah
PHARMADEMICA : Jurnal Kefarmasian dan Gizi Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Oktober - Maret
Publisher : LPPM-KI - POLTEKKES PIM (Formerly AKAFARMA-AKFAR PIM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54445/pharmademica.v5i2.118

Abstract

Cashew leaves (Anacardium occidentale L.) contain secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, alkaloids, saponins, and phenolics, which exhibit pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Traditionally, cashew leaves are used by the people of Gowa Regency to treat diabetes mellitus, oral inflammation, burns, muscle aches, and skin infections such as acne and boils. This study aims to evaluate the quality of cashew leaf raw materials from Gowa Regency based on specific parameters, namely water-soluble and ethanol-soluble extract content in the simplicia. Additionally, nonspecific parameters were evaluated, including drying loss, total ash content, and acid-insoluble ash content in the simplicia, as well as water content, total ash content, and acid-insoluble ash content in the extract, according to the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia Edition II (2017). Extraction was performed using the maceration method with 70% ethanol, yielding 21.2%. The results showed that the simplicia contained 13.46% water-soluble extract, 18.23% ethanol-soluble extract, 9.93% drying loss, 3.03% total ash, and 0.71% acid-insoluble ash. Meanwhile, the extract showed a water content of 18.26%, total ash of 0.89%, and acid-insoluble ash of 0.39%. Both the simplicia and extract of cashew leaves from Gowa Regency met the quality requirements of the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia Edition II (2017) and were categorized as high quality.
Formulasi Nanoenkapsulasi Ekstrak Kacang Gude (Cajanus cajan L. (Huth.)) sebagai Antidiabetes Ginaris, Rifkarosita Putri; Aryadi, Anggi; Afifa, Nadya; Wardani, Arief Kusuma; Indrayati, Lyna L.; Santoso, Blegoh Iwan
PHARMADEMICA : Jurnal Kefarmasian dan Gizi Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Oktober - Maret
Publisher : LPPM-KI - POLTEKKES PIM (Formerly AKAFARMA-AKFAR PIM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54445/pharmademica.v5i2.126

Abstract

Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. (Huth.)) contains flavonoids that exhibit potential antidiabetic activity through the inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme. The main limitation in the application of flavonoid compounds is their low solubility and stability. Nanoencapsulation using chitosan–TPP via a simple ionic gelation method can enhance the stability and bioactivity of active compounds. This study aimed to develop a nanoencapsulation formulation of pigeon pea extract and to evaluate its physical characteristics, stability, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The research was conducted using variations in nanoencapsulation extract concentrations: F1 (0.2%), F2 (0.4%), and F3 (1%). Physical characterization included particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential, along with a freeze–thaw stability test for five cycles. Antidiabetic activity was assessed by measuring α-glucosidase inhibition and determining the IC₅₀ value. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (p < 0.05). The results showed that particle size decreased from 290.40 nm (F1) to 198.30 nm (F3), with polydispersity index values below 0.3 for F2 and F3. The zeta potential ranged from −28.10 to −36.10 mV. F3 demonstrated the highest stability and the strongest antidiabetic activity with an IC₅₀ value of 68 ppm (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the nanoencapsulation formulation of pigeon pea extract produced small-sized, stable particles with effective α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The optimal formulation was F3, which shows potential for further development as a natural-based antidiabetic nanoencapsulation system.
Analisis Proksimat dan Serat Kasar Sereal Instan Beras Hitam, Tempe, dan Brokoli bagi Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Nirbaya, Arindra; Rahmi, Yosfi; Kusuma, Titis Sari
PHARMADEMICA : Jurnal Kefarmasian dan Gizi Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Oktober - Maret
Publisher : LPPM-KI - POLTEKKES PIM (Formerly AKAFARMA-AKFAR PIM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54445/pharmademica.v5i2.127

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin dysfunction. Dietary support is essential to control blood glucose levels, prevent malnutrition, and reduce complications. Black rice is rich in dietary fiber and antioxidants that help regulate blood glucose and reduce oxidative stress. Tempeh, a fermented soybean product, contains essential and bioactive amino acids that contribute to glycemic stability. Broccoli provides chromium, which improves insulin sensitivity. This study aimed to analyze the nutritional quality and crude fiber content of BTB instant cereal (black rice, tempeh, and broccoli) for patients with T2DM. The research employed a quantitative laboratory experimental approach using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatment levels (P1, P2, and P3) based on different proportions of black rice, tempeh, and skim milk. All formulations were evaluated for organoleptic properties, proximate composition, and crude fiber content. The results showed that variation in ingredient proportion significantly affected protein (α = 0.003) and carbohydrate (α = 0.015), while there were no significant differences in fat (α = 0.148), water (α = 0.153), ash (α = 0.202), energy (α = 0.274), and crude fiber (α = 0.271). Based on the dietary standards of the Indonesian Endocrinology Association (PERKENI), the P2 formulation demonstrated the most optimal nutritional profile, with protein of 10.48 ± 0.67%, fat of 24.64 ± 1.98%, carbohydrate of 58.31 ± 0.93%, energy of 489.68 ± 9.59 kcal, and crude fiber of 2.52 ± 0.29 g. Therefore, it was concluded that BTB instant cereal has potential as an alternative breakfast option for individuals with T2DM.
A Pola Pengobatan dan Efek Samping Terapi Hormonal pada Pasien Kanker Payudara di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Luthfiyanti, Niken; Rohmana, Vivin Marwiyati; Khusain, Muhammad Fuad Zidane
PHARMADEMICA : Jurnal Kefarmasian dan Gizi Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Oktober - Maret
Publisher : LPPM-KI - POLTEKKES PIM (Formerly AKAFARMA-AKFAR PIM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54445/pharmademica.v5i2.137

Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in women and remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. One of the main treatment modalities for hormone receptor–positive breast cancer is Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy (AET), particularly tamoxifen, either as monotherapy or in combination. This study aimed to evaluate patient characteristics, treatment patterns of hormonal and chemotherapy regimens, as well as adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among breast cancer patients at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta. This study employed a cross-sectional design with purposive sampling. A total of 64 breast cancer patients who had received tamoxifen therapy for at least one month were included. Data were collected from medical records and questionnaires, and analyzed using the Chi-Square test to determine associations between variables. The results showed that most patients were <50 years old (60.9%) and diagnosed at advanced stages (III–IV, 57.8%). The most frequent treatment was a combination of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy (51.6%), while hormonal therapy alone was administered in 48.4% of patients. The most commonly prescribed chemotherapy regimen was Cyclophosphamide & Epirubicin, whereas the most frequent hormonal regimen was Tamoxifen + Zoladex. Bivariate analysis indicated significant associations between age and treatment type, as well as between cancer stage and treatment type (p<0,05). However, no significant associations were found between age, stage, or type of therapy and ADRs (p>0.05). The most commonly reported adverse effects were fatigue, hot flushes, nausea, and bone/joint pain, with a small proportion reporting endometrial cancer.

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