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Jurnal Pijar MIPA
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 19071744     EISSN : 24601500     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Mathematics Physics
Jurnal Pijar MIPA (e-ISSN: 2460-1500 & p-ISSN: 1907-1744) is an open-access scientific periodical journal published by the Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA publishes original articles on current issues and trends in mathematics-science-science education studies. In addition, this journal addresses issues concerning environmental education and environmental science. The journal scopes are: a. Physics and Physics Education b. Chemistry and Chemistry Education c. Biology and Biology Education d. Natural Science and Science Education e. Mathematics and Mathematics Education f. Environmental and Environmental Education
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 1,179 Documents
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ANALISIS KESULITAN BELAJAR IKATAN KIMIA DITINJAU DARI KESALAHAN KONSEP SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI 3 MATARAM TAHUN PELAJARAN 2007/2008 Mukhtar Haris; Syarifa Wahidah Al Idrus
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 6 No. 2 (2011): September
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (158.753 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v6i2.127

Abstract

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan kesalahan-kesalahan konsep siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 3 Mataram dalam mempelajari ikatan kimia. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 12 konsep yang diujikan,  sangat sedikit siswa yang mengalami kesalahan konsep (0% < KK ≤ 20%) pada 6 konsep, sedikit siswa mengalami kesalahan konsep (20% < K ≤ 40%) pada 2 konsep, cukup banyak siswa mengalami kesalahan konsep (40% < KK ≤ 60%) pada 2 konsep, dan banyak siswa mengalami kesalahan konsep (60% < KK ≤ 80%) pada 2 konsep. Serta sebagian besar siswa (62,5%) termasuk kategori sulit - sangat sulit (skor 0 – 7 dari skor maksimal 16) dalam mempelajari ikatan kimia. Dengan demikian, sebagian besar siswa SMA Negeri 3 Mataram mengalami kesulitan dalam mempelajari ikatan kimia akibat dari kesalahan konsep.Kata kunci: kesulitan belajar, ikatan kimia, kesalahan konsep Abstract: This study aims to determine and explain the misconceptions of class X SMA Negeri 3 Mataram in the study of chemical bonds. Collecting data using a test technique. Results showed that of the 12 concepts tested, very few students have misconceptions (0% < KK ≤ 20%) at 6 concept, few students have misconceptions (20% < KK ≤ 40%) at 2 concept, pretty much students have misconceptions (40% < KK ≤ 60%) at 2 concepts, and many students have misconceptions (60% < KK ≤ 80%) at 2 concepts. Most students (62.5%) belong to the category it is difficult - very difficult (score 0-7 from the maximum score 16) in studying the chemical bonds. Thus, the majority of SMA Negeri 3 Mataram students experiencing difficulties in studying the chemical bonds as a result of misconception.Key words: learning difficulties, chemical bonding, misconception
PENGARUH PENERAPAN METODE OBSERVASI YANG DIVARIASIKAN DENGAN LKS WORD SQUARE TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 8 MATARAM Eryuni Ramdhayani; Nur Lestari; I Wayan Mertha
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 6 No. 2 (2011): September
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (227.225 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v6i2.128

Abstract

Abstak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan metode observasi yang divariasikan dengan LKS words square terhadap hasil belajar biologi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Mataram Tahun Ajaran 2011/2012. Jenis penelitian ini adalah experiment dengan desain penelitian posttest-only control design. Data hasil penelitian berupa hasil belajar (kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor), dan lembar observasi aktivitas guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata post-test kelas eksperimen sebesar 77,32 lebih besar dari nilai rata-rata post-test kelas kontrol masing-masing sebesar 70,08. Ketuntasan belajar kelas eksperimen mencapai 92% dan kelas kontrol mencapai 70%. Uji hipótesis dengan uji-t polled varian terhadap hasil belajar (Kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor) antara kelas ekeperimen dan kontrol menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar biologi yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kontrol. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini bahwa penerapanan  metode observasi yang divariasikan dengan LKS word square berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar biologi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Mataram tahun ajaran 2011/2012.Kata kunci: Metode Observasi, LKS Word Square, Hasil belajar Abstract. This research is held to know the effect of using the observation method varied with LKS word square to achievement  results of student class VIII student of biology SMP Negeri 8 Mataram academic year 2011/2012. This kind of research is a experiment with posttest-only control design. The results showed that the average post-test experiment class are 77.32 they are greater than the average post-test control 70.08. Exhaustiveness studied experiment class 92% and control class 70%. Test the hypothesis with the t-test variant polled on learning outcomes (cognitive, affective, and psychomotor) between classes ekeperimen and control which means that there are biological differences in learning outcomes significantly between experiment and control class. The conclusion of this research is using observation method which varied with the LKS word square is effect for the achievement of biology  student class VIII in SMP Negeri 8 Mataram academic year 2011/2012.Keywords: observation method, LKS Word Square, achievement
TEKNIK KROMATOGRAFI KOLOM VAKUM UNTUK PEMURNIAN SENYAWA ANTI-HIPERGLIKEMIK PADA TANAMAN JUWET (EUGENIA CUMINI): TANAMAN OBAT TRADISIONAL SUKU SASAK LOMBOK Sukib Sukib; Kusmiyati Kusmiyati
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 6 No. 2 (2011): September
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (273.149 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v6i2.129

Abstract

ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian tentang penerapan teknik kromatografi kolom vakum untuk pemisahan senyawa anti-hiperglikemik dalam ekstrak metanol kulit kayu juwet Eugenia cumini. Kondisi pemisahan optimum: fasa pendukung/adsorben silikagel G60 (63 – 200 mm), F = 3,5 cm, l = 30 cm, laju alir 1 ml per menit, dan komposisi eluen Et-OAc:Me-OH (5 : 5). Penentuan aktivitas anti-hipeglikemik dilakukan dengan menggunakan mencit normal dan diabetes induksi aloksan 50 mg/kg bb, yang terbagi menjadi 3 kelompok, kontrol, pelakuan ekstrak/fraksi, dan obat standar metformin. Sampel darah diambil pada hari ke - 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, dan 10 sesaat setelah 1 jam perlakuan. Kadar glukosa darah ditentukan dengan metode orto-toluidin. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa persentase penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit setelah 8 hari perlakuan adalah: untuk kontrol normal 0%, kontrol diabetes 4%. Untuk perlakuan ekstrak dengan dosis 300 mg/kg terhadap mencit diabetes terjadi penurunan kadar glukosa darah masing-masing: heksana 9%, DCM 18%, Me-OH 38%. Untuk perlakuan fraksi Et-OAc:Me-OH (5 : 5) dengan dosis 50 mg/kg bb terjadi penurunan  sebesar 34%, dan untuk obat pembanding metformin (5mg/kg) sebesar 42%. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa ekstrak metanol dari kulit kayu juwet dan fraksi Et-OAc – Me-OH yang diisolasi dengan teknik kromatografi kolom vakum memiliki aktivitas anti-hiperglikemik. Penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit diabetes memerlukan waktu sampai 8 hari  Kata kunci: Kromatogtafi kolom vakum, Juwet,  Anti-hiperglikemik,  Glukosa DarahABSTRACT: Vacuum column chromatography technique has been developed for separation anti-hyper-glycemic compound on methanol extract from juwet Eugenia cumini barks. Optimum condition this method are: the adsorbent is silica Gel G60 (63 – 200 mm), F = 3,5 cm, l = 30 cm, elution time 1 ml menit-1, and solvent system Et-OAc:Me-OH (5 : 5). Normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats were undertaken to evaluated anti-hyperglycemic activity and divided in to three groups, control, extract/fraction, and standar drug metformin. Blood samples were collected one hour after administration on the day 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. Blood glucose level was determined by the ortho-toluidine method. Treatment with the extract and fraction was isolated from methanol extract resulted in reduction in blood glucose levels after 8 days: for normal control is 0%, diabetic control is 4%. For treatment with the extract at dose 300 mg/kg to diabetic groups decrease in blood glucose is 9% (extract hexane), 18% (extract dichloro-methane), 38% (extract methanol). For treatment with Et-OAc:Me-OH (5 : 5) fraction at dose 50 mg/kg  decrease in blood glucose is 34%, and standard drug metformin at dose 5 mg/kg is 42%.The finding of this study indicated that the methanol extract juwet bark and Et-OAc – Me-OH (5:5) fraction was isolated from methanol extract with Vacuum column chromatography technique have anti-hyperglygemic effect. Reduction in blood glucose levels of diabetics rats happened after treatment 8 days Key words: Vacuum column chromatography, Juwet, Anti-hyperglycemic, Blood                         Glucose
PEMBELAJARAN REMEDIAL KONSENTRIS UNTUK MENGAKSELERASI HASIL BELAJAR SISWA LAMBAT MENCAPAI KOMPETENSI PADA PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA DI SMA NEGERI 1 NARMADA Sumardiyanto Sumardiyanto; Yayuk Andayani; Muntari Muntari
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 6 No. 2 (2011): September
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (216.941 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v6i2.130

Abstract

Abstak: Siswa dalam suatu kelas umumnya dapat dikategorikan menjadi tiga kelompok, yaitu siswa lambat belajar, siswa normal/rata-rata, dan siswa cepat belajar. Jika keadaan demikian dibiarkan berlarut, maka pada gilirannya nanti siswa lambat belajar akan mengalami kegagalan belajar yaitu tidak naik kelas atau tidak lulus ujian pada akhir semester. Solusinya adalah menciptakan sistem pembelajaran yang mampu mengakomodasi semua siswa sehingga pada akhir waktu pembelajaran yang ditetapkan seluruh siswa dapat dinyatakan tuntas belajar. Model pembelajaran yang diteliti adalah penerapan pembelajaran remedial konsentris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjajaki: bagaimana keefektifan penerapan model pembelajaran remedial konsentris dan pembelajaran konvensional untuk mengakselerasi hasil belajar siswa lambat mencapai kompetensi pada pembelajaran kimia. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan adalah penelitian eksperimen kuasi menggunakan bentuk “Desain kelompok kontrol/pembanding pretes-postes tidak setara”. Data hasil belajar kognitif dikumpulkan melalui teknik tes tertulis bentuk objektif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Narmada pada tahun pembelajaran 2009/2010, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 76 siswa yang terbagi atas 2 kelas paralel. Data dianalisis pada taraf signifikan 0,05 (5%) menggunakan program Statistical Product and Service Solutions for Windows version 16.0 (SPSS 16.0). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Ada perbedaan akselerasi hasil belajar siswa lambat mencapai kompetensi pada pembelajaran kimia yang diperlakukan menggunakan model pembelajaran remedial konsentris dan pembelajaran konvensional (p<0,05). (2) Penerapan model pembelajaran remedial konsentris lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran konvensional untuk mengakselerasi hasil belajar siswa lambat mencapai kompetensi pada pembelajaran Kimia (p<0,05). Kata kunci: Pembelajaran Remedial Konsentris, Akselerasi Hasil Belajar.  ABSTRACT: Students in a class can generally be categorized into three groups, namely students slow learning, students normal / average, and students quickly learn. If circumstances allowed to go on, then in turn slow learners will fail to learn that are they will not being promoted to the upper grade or do not pass the exam at the end of the semester. The solution is to create a learning system that is able to accommodate all students so that at the end of a specified time learning all students to pass the study. Learning model that investigated the application of concentric remedial learning. This study aims to explore: how the effectiveness of the implementation of remedial learning model of concentric and conventional learning to accelerate slow learning students outcomes to achieving competence in learning chemistry. The research method applied is a quasi experimental study using a form of "Nonequivalent pretest-posttest control/comparison group design". Cognitive learning outcomes data were collected through a written test of objective form. The experiment was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Narmada in the academic year 2009/2010, with a sample of as many as 76 students were divided into two parallel classes. Data were analyzed on a significant level of 0.05 (5%) using the program Statistical Product and Service Solutions for Windows version 16.0 (SPSS 16.0). The results showed that implementation of remedial concentric model of learning is more effective than conventional learning to accelerate student learning outcomes later achieve competence in teaching Chemistry (p <0.05).             Keyword:        Concentric Remedial Learning, Accelerate Learning Outcomes.
STABILITAS ANTI MOLUSKA DARI TANAMAN JAYANTI {Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr.} Suripto Suripto
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 6 No. 2 (2011): September
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (225.903 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v6i2.131

Abstract

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi stabilitas anti moluska dari ekstrak daun  jayanti {Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr.} menurut variasi lama waktu penyimpanan simplisia sebelum diekstraksi, lama waktu penyimpanan ekstrak sebelum diaplikasi, dan stabilitasnya dalam air selama aplikasi. Serbuk kering daun S. sesban diekstraksi secara bertingkat untuk menghasilkan fraksi ekstrak-etanol. Fraksi ekstrak-etanol daun S. sesban dilakukan uji hayati terhadap keong mas secara ex situ dengan rancangan acak lengkap dalam tiga unit percobaan menurut variasi tersebut di atas di Laboratorium Biologi FMIPA Universitas Mataram. Data mortalitas keong mas setiap unit uji hayati diolah dengan analisis probit untuk menentukan LC50. Hasil menunjukkan, bahwa aktivitasanti moluska dari fraksi ekstrak-etanol  daun S. sesban terrhadap keong mas menurun tajam akibat penyimpanan serbuk kering daun selama satu tahun sebelum diekstraksi, namun penurunan toksisitasnya kecil akibat penyimpanan ekstrak selama satu bulan sebelum diaplikasi. Setelah 24 jam berada dalam air, bahan anti moluska dari daun S. sesban tidak aktif  lagi, yaitu mortalitas keong mas 0% pada masing-masing  perlakuan konsentrasi ekstrak. Kata-kata kunci: Stabilitas anti moluska, keong mas, tanaman jayanti (Sesbania sesban). Abstract: The research  intended to evaluate anti-mollusk feature stability  of  S. sesban leaf extract fraction-ethanol according to variation on storage duration of dry matters previous to be extracted and extract  previous to be applied,  and its stability after 24 hours in water. Dry matter of S. sesban leafs extracted successively so that produces the extract fraction-ethanol. The exsitu bioassays of the extract on the golden snail carried out with randomized design in three experiment units based on the variation mentioned.  Each unit data of golden snail mortalities was analyzed by probit analysis to determine LC50. The result saw that storage of  S. sesban leaf dry matter during one year previous to be extracted resulted  in drastic decreasing toxicity on the golden snails, but decreasing toxicity weakly come from storage the extract during a month previous to be applied. The moluscicidal feature of the extract was inactive after 24 hours in water during application, i.e. mortality of   golden snails was 0% in each of extract treatment concentrations.   Key words: stability of molluscicidal performance, golden snail, jayanti plant (Sesbania sesban).
PENGEMBANGAN TURBIN POROS TUNGGAL SEMI TERAPUNG TIPE TUNNEL UNTUK MENUNJANG PROGRAM PEMERATAAN LISTRIK NASIONAL Wahyudi Wahyudi
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 6 No. 2 (2011): September
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (293.681 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v6i2.132

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Abstraks:  Hasil simulasi dengan menggunakan media CFD, didapatkan bahwa kinerja turbin terbaik adalah turbin dengan rotor 4 blade, kemudian  3 blade dan 5 blade. Jumlah tingkat paling optimal adalah 2 tingkat. Berdasarkan  hasil simulasi dibuat model turbin dan setelah itu diuji coba. Pada pengujian dengan kecepatan arus 0,8 m/s rotor dengan bentuk blade segiempat dapat berputar 60 rpm, sedangkan rotor dengan bentuk blade bundar mampu berputar 130 rpm. Pada pembuatan dan pengujian prototipe di lapangan didapatkan bahwa pada arus air 0,55 m/s rotor turbin poros tunggal mampu berputar 116 rpm, dengan putaran poros generator  sebesar 290 rpm dan mampu membangkitkan tegangan 1,3 V. Kata Kunci: Turbin, Poros Tunggal, Blade Abstract: Simulation results using CFD media, it was found that the best performance of the turbine is the turbine rotor blade 4, then 3 blade and 5 blade. The optimal number of levels is 2 levels. Based on the results of simulations made turbine models and then tested. In testing with flow velocity 0.8 m / s rotor blade with a rectangular shape can be rotated 60 rpm, while the rotor blade with a round shape is capable of rotating 130 rpm. In the manufacture and testing of prototypes in the field it was found that the water flow of 0.55 m / s single-rotor turbine shaft is capable of rotating 116 rpm, with a round shaft generator of 290 rpm and capable of generating voltage 1.3 V.Keywords: Turbine, Single Axle, Blade
EFISIENSI INHIBITOR PADA KOROSI Cu-37Zn Eka Junaidi
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010): MARET
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (235.148 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v5i1.133

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Abstrak : Salah satu upaya pencegahan korosi pada logam dapat dilakukan dengan penambahan inhibitor ke dalam larutan uji. Inhibitor korosi yang dicoba adalah benzotriazol (BTAH) dan sistein (Cys). Penentuan laju korosi Cu-37Zn tanpa dan dengan adanya inhibitor korosi dilakukan secara elektrokimia dengan menggunakan teknik Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada larutan uji dengan komposisi : 5,3 ppm Ca(NO3)2, 78 ppm NaCl dan ion sulfida sebesar 15 ppm diperoleh bahwa efisiensi benzotriazol (80 ppm) dan sistein (25 ppm) pada suhu kamar berturut-turut sebesar 40,74% dan 68,16%. Inhibitor yang di uji dalam penelitian ini teradsorpsi secara fisik pada permukaan logam Cu-37Zn dengan energi bebas adsorpsi (ΔGads) benzotriazol dan sistein berturut-turut adalah –18,53 dan –23,03 kJ/mol. Kata kunci : Inhibitor, EIS, Benzotriazol, Sistein Abstract : An effort to prevent of the corrosion can be performed by mean of inhibitor corrosion addition into the sample of water. We also investigated benzotriazole (BTAH) and cysteine (CYS) as inhibitor. The rates of corrosion Cu-37Zn in absence and presence of the corrosion inhibitor were determined by using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) technique. The obtained results were indicated that at sample of water with composition of 5.3 ppm Ca(NO3)2, 78 ppm NaCl and 15 ppm sulfide ion,  the inhibitor efficiency of benzotriazole (80 ppm) and cysteine (25 ppm) at room temperature were 40.74% and 68.16% respectively. Since both inhibitors were physicaly adsorbed on Cu-37Zn with adsorption free energy (ΔGads)of benzotriazole and cysteine is –18.53 kJ/mol and –23.03 kJ/mol respectively. Keywords : Inhibitor, EIS, Benzotriazole, cysteine.
PENERAPAN PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK UNTUK MEMBANGUN PEMAHAMAN SISWA TENTANG KONSEP PECAHAN Syahrul Azmi
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010): MARET
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (164.589 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v5i1.159

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Abstrak : Tulisan ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pengimplementasian pendidikan matematika realistik pada pembelajaran materi pecahan di kelas IV SDN 2 Penedagandor yang dapat membangun pemahaman siswa tentangkonsep pecahan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada siklus I ketuntasan belajar yang dicapai siswa adalah 34,6% dengan rata-rata hasil tes 60,2. Pada siklus II, ketuntasan belajar mencapai 88,5% dengan rata-rata hasil tes 79,5. Aktivitas belajar siswa pada siklus I berada pada kategori baik, sedang pada siklus II meningkat pada kategori sangat baik. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa kegiatan pembelajaran berlangsung efektif. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui kegiatankegiatan yang sesuai dengan realitas atau pengalaman siswa sehari-hari, siswa dapat membangun sendiri pemahaman mereka tentang konsep pecahan.Kata kunci : matematika realistik, pemahaman, konsep pecahanAbstract : The aim of this paper is to describe the implementation of realistic mathematics education in the learning factions in class IV SDN 2 Penedagandor which can build students’ understanding of the concept of fractions. This research is a classroom action research which is carried out in 2 cycles. The results showed that the learning exhaustiveness in cycle I achieved 34.6% with score average is 60.2, and in cycle II, achieved 88.5% with scoreaverage 79.5. Student learning activities in cycle I is good, while in cycle II is very good. Therefore, it can be said that learning activities is very effectively. The conclusion is that students can build their own understanding of the concept of fractions through activities that correspond to reality or their life experience.Keywords : mathematics realistic, understanding, the concept of fractions
UJI KEBERADAAN DAN VIABILITAS SEL Lactobacillus bulgaricus PADA PEMBUATAN VCO FERMENTASI YANG BERFUNGSI PROBIOTIK Sarkono S a r k on o; Nur Indah Julisaniah
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010): MARET
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (198.639 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v5i1.160

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Abstrak: Salah satu upaya pengembangan produk kelapa adalah pembuatan minyak kelapa murni atau biasa disebut Virgin coconut oil (VCO). Selain dengan proses sentrifugasi, VCO juga dapat dibuat dengan bantuan mikrobia khususnya bakteri. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pembuatan VCO dengan  metode fermentasi mengggunakan bakteri Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri L. bulgaricus dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif  dalam pembuatan VCO dengan cara fermentasi. Setelah proses fermentasi, sel bakteri L. bulgaricus lebih banyak berada pada lapisan blondo, diikuti lapisan air dan lapisan minyak.  Sedangkan berdasarkan uji viabilitas selama penyimpanan, jumlah sel L. bulgaricus terus mengalami penurunan jumlah sel hidup selama penyimpanan. Waktu penyimpanan maksimal dimana masih terdapat sel L. bulgaricus pada VCO adalah 24 hari.Kata kunci : VCO, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Viabilitas. Abstract: An effort of coconut product development is making the pure coconut oil or so-called Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). Besides of centrifugation process, VCO can be also made by biological process, especially using bacteria. Bacterial fermentation method with Lactobacillus bulgaricus was performed to produce VCO. The results showed that the bacterium L. bulgaricus can be used as an alternative in producing VCO by way of fermentation. After the fermentation process, bacterial cells L. bulgaricus mostly present at blondo layer, followed by a layer of water and oil layers. Meanwhile, based on testing the viability during storage, the number of cell L Bulgaricus been steadily declining number of living cells during storage. The maximum storage time for L. bulgaricus on the VCO is 24 days. Keywords: VCO, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Viability.
KETAHANAN ALAMIAH KAYU JAWA BAHAN BANGUNAN RUMAH DI PEDESAAN PANTAI UTARA JAWA TENGAH TERHADAP GANGGUAN RAYAP BAWAH TANAH Supriyanto Supriyanto
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010): MARET
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (201.301 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v5i1.161

Abstract

Abstrak: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui prosentase ketahanan kayu Jawa bahan bangunan rumah di pedesaan pantai utara Jawa Tengah terhadap gangguan rayap bawah tanah (Nasutitermes sp.). Penelitian dilakukan di 8 kota/kabupaten, laboratorium Biologi FMIPA UNNES dan laboratorium Teknik Sipil FT UNNES. Populasi penelitian adalah 4 jenis kayu Jawa bahan konstruksi bawah rumah di pedesaan pantai utara Jawa Tengah, yaitu: Sengon, Suren, Mahoni dan Weru. Sampel penelitian adalah 4 jenis kayu tersebut yang dijual di toko kayu kota/ kabupaten: Tegal, Pemalang, Batang, Kendal, Semarang, Demak, Jepara dan Pati. Sampel ditentukan dengan teknik random sampling jenis incidental sampling[1]. Sampel diuji berat jenis, kuat lentur dan uji ketahanan terhadap gangguan rayap bawah tanah. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berat jenis kayu memenuhi standar Peraturan Konstruksi Kayu Indonesia (PKKI) kecuali kayu Mahoni, kisaran kuat lentur kayu memenuhi standar PKKI dengan urutan Weru > Suren > Mahoni > Sengon, ketahanan terhadap gangguan rayap bawah tanah secara berurutan: Mahoni > Suren > Sengon > Weru[2]. Disimpulkan bahwa ketahanan terhadap gangguan rayap bawah tanah secara berurutan: Mahoni > Suren > Sengon > Weru, ketahanan tersebut berhubungan dengan berat jenis dan kuat lentur.Kata kunci: kayu Jawa, ketahanan alamiah, rayap bawah tanahAbstract: This research was held in order to know natural endurance of Javanese wood as houses building material in the coastal villages of Central Java againts underground termite’s attack. The research was carried out in laboratory of Biology Departement, FMIPA UNNES, and in laboratory of Civil Engineering Departement, FT UNNES. The study involved four  kind Javanese wood (Sengon, Suren, Mahoni and Weru) that be found in eight Central Java residence (Tegal, Pemalang, Batang, Semarang, Demak, Jepara and Pati) with incidental sampling. Specific weight test, bending strength test and endurance test carried out to four kind Javanese wood. The research resulted that  specific weight comply with PKKI standard, bending strength comply with PKKI standard and endurance againts underground termite’s attack in rotation are: Mahoni > Suren > Sengon > Weru. Based on the result it is concluded that  wood endurance againts termite’s attact be connect with specific weight and bending strength.Key words: Javanese wood, natural endurance, underground termite’s

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