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Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian
Published by Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon
ISSN : 25412027     EISSN : 25482114     DOI : 10.37874/ms
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
The Medical Sains journal is a scientific publication media published by the Muhammadiyah Cirebon College of Pharmacy which is published 4 (four) times in 1 (one) year, namely January-March, April-June, July-September and October-December. The journal contains research in the field of pharmacy covering the fields of formulation, pharmacology, communication pharmacy, A natural chemical chemistry, pharmacognomy and other health sciences which is a means for lecturers and researchers in the health sector to share knowledge and establish cooperation in implementing the Tri Dharma of Higher Education. Purpose and Scope The objective of the publication of the Medical Science journal is to publish articles in the field of pharmacy and other health as well as application of pharmaceutical . Based on this, the editorial board of Medical Sains invites lecturers and researchers to contribute to submit research articles related to the following themes: 1. Pharmaceutical formulation technology 2. Pharmacology 3. Community pharmacy 4. Clinical Pharmacy 5. Natural material chemistry 6. Pharmacognosy 7. Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 310 Documents
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BIOAVAILABILITY AND MOLECULAR DOCKING PREDICTION OF SECONDARY METABOLITE OF Curcuma zedoaria AS POTENTIAL MPRO SARS COV-2 INHIBITOR Amaliyah Dina Anggraeni; Nia Yuniar Fitriana Putri; Septia Devi Amalia; M. Artabah Muchlisin
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 4 (2023): Forthcoming Issue
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i4.805

Abstract

Almost all countries worldwide have been exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic, which can cause respiratory diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and develop drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. White turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) is very popular because it is effective as an anticancer and antiviral agent. This study used the in silico method to predict the secondary metabolite compounds contained in C. zedoaria as inhibitors of Mpro (main protease) SARS-CoV-2. Of the 30 secondary metabolite compounds identified, 26 compounds had good bioavailability prediction, and three compounds (curcumadiol, curcumin, and desmethoxycurcumin) were predicted to have potential as SARS-COV-2 Mpro inhibitors because they have low inhibition constants and numerous ligand-protein interactions. Curcumadiol have binding energy: -8.34 kcal/mol; pKi: 0.77 µM; hydrogen bond: Glu166, Thr190, and Gln192; and hydrophobic bond: Met165 and Gln189. Curcumin have binding energy: -8.28 kcal/mol; pKi: 0.85 µM; hydrogen bond: Leu141, Gly143, Ser144, and Thr190; and hydrophobic bond: Cys145, Met165, and Gln189. Desmethoxycurcumin have binding energy: -7.83 kcal/mol; pKi: 1.84 µM; hydrogen bond: Asp187, Thr190, and Gln192; and hydrophobic bond: Met165. Keywords: Curcuma zedoaria, SARS-CoV-2, bioavailability, molecular docking
REVIEW: NATURAL BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS POTENTIAL ON INHIBITION OF TRANSMEMBRANE SERINE PROTEASE 2 WITH STRUCTURE-BASED VIRTUAL SCREENING METHOD Haviani Rizka Nurcahyaningtyas; Masteria Yunovilsa Putra; Arry Yanuar
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.806

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a global health emergency. Suitable medications are required to prevent severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Human transmembrane serine protease 2, which is required for viral entry into the host cells, was identified as the target protein. The present study was designed to synthesize, through a systematic review, evidence of phytochemicals found in plants that can inhibit transmembrane serine protease 2 in silico. The databases ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, Nature, and SpringerLink were used for systematic exploration. Among the 113 studies retrieved, 11 were selected for the entire read and 7 studies were deemed appropriate for the qualitative synthesis. Flavonoids, including the bioactive substances luteolin, vicenin 2, naringin, 8-geranylapigenin, phenylethyl-D-rutinoside morusin, sanggenol L, and kaempferol, are the most widely studied classes of secondary metabolites. Other classes that were also evaluated were lactones, terpenoids, and saponins with withanoside-V, 11-hydroxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyloxy)abieta-5,7,9(11),13-tetraene-12- one, and licorice as active substances, respectively. This review indicates the most bioactive components of each group of metabolites that demonstrated the greatest binding affinity for the transmembrane serine protease 2 receptor, as an initial point for selecting substances and exploring additional laboratory research and clinical studies to identify novel medication candidates for COVID-19 treatment.  Keywords: Secondary metabolite, SARS-CoV-2, structure-based virtual screening, transmembrane serine protease 2, Plants
ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTIVENESS (Propionibacterium acnes) OF KOMBUCHA FACE TONER FORMULA WITH GREEN TEA LEAF (Camellia sinensis L.) Aprilia Fatma Ely; Shelly Taurhesia; Teti Indrawati
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.809

Abstract

Acne is a process of chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands in the skin caused by the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes. Approximately 80-100% incidence of acne occurs in adolescents. One solution is to use an antibacterial agent called catechins. It can be easily obtained from green tea, which has high catechin content. The amount of catechins used as antibacterial substances in green tea can also be increased by fermentation. In addition, lactic acid-fermented green tea can inhibit the growth of P. acnes. This study aimed to produce green tea kombucha face toner with anti-acne activity and good physical stability. This study included an experimental research. The research population was in the form of antibacterial compounds in face toner. The sample was green tea kombucha, which showed antibacterial activity at a concentration of 50% with an 18 mm Diameter of Inhibition Zone (DIZ). And the best formula is F1 with 0.84 mm DIZ, has a pH of 4 which is safe for the skin, clear solution, has clean power, it is also stable during storage at 30o and 40oC, but it has a rather disagreeable scent of toner. Keywords: Acne, Antibacterial, Green Tea Leaves Kombucha, Face Tone
IN SILICO STUDY: SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM RED GINGER RHIZOME (Zingiber Officinale Var. Rubrum) AS POTENTIAL INHIBITORS OF3CLpro AND PLpro OF SARS-CoV-2 Meilia Suherman; Selvira Anandia Intan Maulidya
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.810

Abstract

The COVID-19 outbreak prompted the development of novel drugs to treat the disease. Targeting of virus proteins has attracted great interest in the discovery of COVID-19 drugs. 3CLpro and PLpro are promising targets because of their important role in viral replication. Hence, various efforts have been made to find specific therapeutics for COVID-19, including those derived from plants as anti-Covid-19. Red ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) contains secondary metabolites that are known for their health benefits. This in silico study aimed to determine the potency of red ginger rhizome as PLpro and 3CLpro of SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor which may be applied to treat COVID-19. This research was conducted using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The molecular docking simulation of red ginger compounds in complex with SARS-CoV-2 PLpro showed that 27 compounds have a binding free energy (?G) lower than that of the reference ligand. On the other hand, none of the complexes between red ginger compounds and 3CLpro had a lower binding free energy than the reference ligand. Visualization of interaction features at the PLpro of SARS-CoV-2’s active site shows that secondary metabolites dominantly interact with hydrogen bonds. The ar-curcumene and PLpro complex of SARS-CoV-2 appears very stable and has the lowest flexibility compared to HBA as a native ligand and molnupiravir as a reference ligand based on RMSD and RMSF plot analysis using molecular dynamic simulation...
ANALYSIS OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS TO ANTIRETROVIRALS USE IN A SECONDARY HOSPITAL Vitarani Dwi Ananda Ningrum; Nadia Hanrisari; Tiara Amalia; Sufiyah
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.812

Abstract

Although antiretrovirals (ARV) evidently extend the life expectancy of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH), their associated Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are unavoidable, particularly in long-duration regimens. Several studies have reported a correlation between ADRs and adherence to ARV therapy. Meanwhile, ARV is the main determinant of achieving an immunological and virologic response. Pharmacists play the role of counselors in improving therapeutic outcomes including ADR management. This study aimed to analyze ADRs induced by ARV based on pharmacy documentation and to describe the frequency of PLWH follow-up visits over a two-year period. The study was conducted at Sleman Regional Hospital, an HIV/AIDS referral hospital in Yogyakarta. A cross-sectional design was used with saturated sampling, including all ARV use for HIV/AIDS. Data were collected from the pharmacy unit and patients’ spontaneous reports. Prescribed ARV came from the electronic system, whereas ADR reports were from patients during voluntary consultation with the pharmacist or in PITC services. A total of 110 ARV were administered mostly to male patients aged 25-40 years. The most regimen was tenofovir+lamivudine+efavirenz (91%) with the highest frequency of follow-up visits ? 12 times (53%). The top three ADRs were dizziness (30%), nausea (11%), and headache (8%). Three of the four pediatric patients experienced ADRs, each with AZT-induced fatigue, bloating, and diarrhea in LPV/r monotherapy. Most of the patients did not maintain appointments for hospital visits. Further studies are recommended to analyze the causative factors of non-adherence, including the loss to follow-up group.  Keywords: Adverse Drug Reaction, Antiretroviral, Hospital, Indonesia
THE LEVEL OF CONSUMER SATISFACTION WITH THE NON-PRESCRIPTION DRUG INFORMATION SERVICE AT THE PHARMACY WEDOMARTANI YOGYAKARTA AREA Nova Aprilia; Yosef Wijoyo
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.817

Abstract

An essential pharmacy service is the pharmacists' information service on medications. This service will have an effect on improving customer satisfaction and raising awareness of the use of medications. Many clients are still unhappy with this service. This study aims to assess consumer satisfaction levels with the non-prescription drug information service provided at pharmacies in the Wedomartani area and identify gaps between consumer expectations and the actual service. This investigation is a cross-sectional, analytical, and observational study. A total of 142 customers, who bought over-the-counter medications at four pharmacies in the Wedomartani region between March and April 2022, served as respondents. The research instrument used is a service quality questionnaire with the servqual method. The questionnaires used have undergone validity tests, language comprehension tests, and reliability tests. There are two ways to complete surveys: offline (on paper) and online (using a Google form). Three methods are used to assess the data: gap analysis, customer satisfaction index computation, and importance-performance analysis (IPA). The findings revealed that (1) the results of the gap analysis were < 0 (negative value f), (2) the CSI analysis yielded a minimum value of 80%, and (3) there is a need to strengthen medication information services. The conclusions of this study are: there is still a gap between reality and expectations felt by consumers; Theoretically, drug information should be based on scientific information, but the delivery of drug information needs to be simplified so that it is easily understood by the recipient of the information...
EFFECTIVENESS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY OF SUNGKAI LEAF (Peronema canescens Jack.) ETHANOL EXTRACT ON MALE RABBIT (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Riana Versita; Aknes Dewi Setiani
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.822

Abstract

Sungkai leaves are medicinal plants used empirically by the people of Bengkulu, often found in the tropical rainforests of Bengkulu province. Sungkai leaf secondary metabolites include flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and steroids/triterpenoids. Flavonoid compounds have hundreds of bioactivities including antipyretic, analgesic, antidiabetic, anticholesterol and anti-inflammatory. The aim of this study was to obtain a new drug that has effectiveness as an anti-inflammatory from ethanol extract of Sungkai leaves (Peronema canescens Jack) n male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) The study used an experimental method using male rabbits as experimental animals. The samples were divided into 5, namely negative control, positive control, and 2%, 4%, and 6% bioplacenton and sungkai leaf extract. Each group was subjected to 2nd degree burns.”Measurements were taken every day for 8 days after injury. The results of the study proved that there was a decrease in wound diameter from Sungkai leaf extract, on average at a concentration of 2% it decreased by 64% and at a concentration of 66% it decreased by an average of 13.3% and at a concentration of 6% it decreased by an average of 78,67%. Based on the statistical results of the analisis of variance test, there is a significant difference. Keywords: Sungkai leaf extract, anti-inflammatory, Bioplacentone
PHYTOCHEMICALS SCREENING AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY TEST OF ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF CHINESE BETLE LEAVES (Peperomia pellucida L.) Naida Rahma Almira; Didin Ahidin; Iin Indawati
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.823

Abstract

Peperomia pellucida (Chinese betel) is considered as a plant with antioxidant activity for  inhibiting oxidation reactions. This study aims to determine the yield of secondary metabolites, total flavonoid levels, and antioxidant activity. Dried leaves of Chinese betel were macerated using 70% ethanol as solvent. The extract was partitioned until the n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions were obtained. A phytochemical screening test was followed by determining total flavonoid levels and antioxidant activity using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Phytochemical screening results containing an ethanolic extract of Chinese betel leaves (ECBL) showed positive results on alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, and tannin. Meanwhile, the ethyl acetate (EAF) and n-hexane (HF) fractions showed positive results only for flavonoid presence. The total flavonoid contents of ECBL, EAF, and HF were 3.30%, 2.54%, and 2.03%, respectively. The IC50 values of  ECBL, EAF, and HF were 7.51 ppm, 8.02 ppm, and 8.04 ppm, respectively. The highest flavonoid content was found in ECBL. Antioxidant activity test of Peperomia pellucida ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-hexane fraction showed potent antioxidant activity.  Keywords: Antioxidant, Peperomia pellucida , DPPH
FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF 50% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF ARECA NUT (Areca catechu) NANOPARTICLES USING THE IONIC GELATION METHOD Humaryanto; Fathnur Sani Sani K; Yuliawati; Ave Olivia Rahman; Muhaimin; Alfi Khatib
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.826

Abstract

The extract of areca nuts (Areca catechu) contains secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and steroids. These compounds possess pharmacological effects and can be developed into herbal medicine products. The objective of this study is to determine the optimal nanoparticle formulation by varying the concentrations of chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate. The 50% ethanol extract of areca nuts was obtained through the maceration method. The extract obtained calculation the yield value. Then tested for phytochemical screening. Subsequently, the extract was formulated into nanoparticle colloids with different ratios of extract concentration: chitosan: sodium tripolyphosphate: Tween 80. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized by their particle size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index. The research findings demonstrated that Formula 3 exhibited the best results, with a particle size of 254.2 ± 0,00, zeta potential of 12.7 ± 0,71, and polydispersity index of 0.436 ± 0,03. Keywords: Formulation, Nanoparticles, 50% Ethanol, Areca Nuts, Ionic Gelation.
FORMULATION OF EYESHADOW CREAM COMBINATION OF EXTRACT SPISSUM BUTTERFLY PEA FLOWER (Clitoria ternatea L.) WITH SECANG WOOD (Caesalpinia sappan L.) AS A NATURAL COLOR Dini Agustina Yuniaty; Deni Rahmat; Rahmaniar Rachmat
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.827

Abstract

Eye shadow is one of the decorative cosmetic that contains color that is applied to the eyelids. Eye shadows were generally blue, pink, dark red, silver, green, and brown. Natural dyes are derived from plants, animals, and microorganisms. Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) and secang wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) are plants that contain natural dyes that can be used as dyes. The two plants were removed by maceration in 70% ethanol. Eye shadow preparation using a combination of extract spissum of  butterfly pea flower and secang wood produces eye shadow with a purple color in 3 formulations, namely F3 extract spissum butterfly pea flower and secang wood (3:2), F4 extract spissum butterfly pea flower and secang wood (2:3), F5 extract spissum butterfly pea flower and secang wood (1:4). In the hedonic test, there was no significant difference >0.05% among F3, F4, and F5. Thus, the results of the irritation test showed that the eye shadow cream preparation produced an irritation index of 1.00, namely, mild irritation. Keywords: Eye shadow, butterfly pea flower, Secang wood.

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