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INDONESIA
Kenanga : Journal of Biological sciences and Applied Biology
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
ISSN : 27973166     EISSN : 27769216     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22373/kenanga
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology
KENANGA Journal of Biological Sciences and Applied Biology is a peer-reviewed open access journal that publishes study results (original research articles and review articles). This journal covers all areas of biological science research and applied biology research such as Botany Zoology Microbiology Genetics Ecology Physiology Biochemistry Integration Between Islam and Bioscience
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 111 Documents
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ISOLASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ENZIM SELULASE PADA BAKTERI SELULOLITIK DARI SERASAH AKASIA (Acacia mangium Willd.) Tazkiatun Nufus; Diannita Harahap
KENANGA : Journal of Biological Sciences and Applied Biology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/kenanga.v5i2.8483

Abstract

Cellulase is an enzyme with high demand in the industrial sector and can be extracted from cellulolytic bacteria. These bacteria are capable of producing cellulase and hydrolyzing cellulose into simple products such as glucose. The content of acacia leaves consists of 50.77% cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. This study aimed to determine the characteristics, identification, and enzymatic activity of cellulolytic bacteria isolated from acacia litter (Acacia mangium Willd.). The methods used in this research were both quantitative and qualitative, involving the isolation of cellulolytic bacteria from acacia litter using selective CMC media by the spread plate method, clear zone testing using the Kirby–Bauer method, and enzyme activity assays. Eight cellulolytic bacterial isolates (BS1, BS2, BS3, BS4, BS5, BS6, BS7, and BS8) with different morphological characteristics were obtained. Based on macroscopic, microscopic, and biochemical identification, the isolates were identified as belonging to the genera Cellulomonas sp. (BS1 and BS3), Pseudomonas sp. (BS2, BS4, BS5, BS6, and BS8), and Corynebacterium sp. (BS7). The two isolates showing the highest clear zone indices on CMC media were BS1 with an IS value of 0.90 and BS7 with an IS value of 0.74. The cellulase enzyme activity of isolate BS1 (Cellulomonas sp.1) was 0.0041 U/mL with a specific activity of 0.0032 U/mL, while that of isolate BS7 (Corynebacterium sp.) was 0.0049 U/mL with a specific activity of 0.0019 U/mL. Keywords: cellulase enzyme; cellulolytic bacteria; Acacia mangium Willd.
MENJELAJAHI SPESIES BURUNG DI PULAU BREUEH, KECAMATAN PULO ACEH, PROVINSI ACEH Yuri Gagarin; Tarmizi, Heri; Muarrif, Samsul; Muhajir, Muhajir; Abdullah, Abdullah
KENANGA : Journal of Biological Sciences and Applied Biology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/kenanga.v5i2.8660

Abstract

Pulau Breueh, located in Pulo Aceh District, Aceh Besar Regency, Aceh Province, Indonesia, is renowned for its rich avifaunal diversity. However, comprehensive data on bird species distribution and abundance on the island remain limited, highlighting the need for detailed studies to support conservation efforts. This study aimed to document and analyze the bird species present on Pulau Breueh, focusing on their distribution across various habitats. Field observations were conducted in July 2024 using two methods: the transect method, covering a 20 km route across coastal and inland areas, and the point count method, with observations at strategic locations. A total of 34 bird species from 19 families were identified, including coastal species such as the Pacific Reef Egret (Egretta sacra) and forest-dwelling birds like the Crested Serpent Eagle (Spilornis cheela). The findings underscore the ecological significance of Pulau Breueh as a habitat for diverse avian communities and emphasize the importance of conservation measures to mitigate threats such as habitat alteration and hunting. Recommendations include habitat protection, community education, and continuous monitoring to preserve this biodiversity hotspot. Keywords: bird; Pulau Breueh; biodiversity; conservation
IDENTIFIKASI VEGETASI TUMBUHAN DI KAWASAN MATING RING KUAU RAJA (Argusianus argus) DI STASIUN PENELITIAN SORAYA, KAWASAN EKOSISTEM LEUSER, KOTA SUBULUSSALAM Furida, Asra; Hidayat, Muslich
KENANGA : Journal of Biological Sciences and Applied Biology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/kenanga.v5i2.8283

Abstract

The presence of mating rings of the Great Argus (Argusianus argus) is strongly influenced by vegetation structure and surrounding environmental conditions. However, scientific studies focusing on vegetation characteristics associated with mating ring sites remain limited. This study aimed to identify the composition of plant vegetation and environmental factors surrounding the mating rings of the Great Argus at the Soraya Research Station, Leuser Ecosystem Area, Subulussalam City. Data were collected using roaming surveys and purposive sampling at eight mating ring sites. Vegetation analysis was conducted using a 100 × 100 m main plot with four subplots representing tree, pole, sapling, and understory strata. Environmental parameters measured included air and soil temperature, humidity, light intensity, soil pH, elevation, slope, diameter at breast height (DBH), and mating ring diameter. The results recorded 1,229 individual plants comprising 147 species from 36 families. Dominant vegetation consistently found across most mating ring sites included Shorea multiflora, Sloetia elongata, Croton argyratus, and Gironniera subaequalis. These vegetation types generally formed moderately open canopies with local microclimatic conditions characterized by moderate light intensity, high humidity, and near-neutral soil pH. The findings indicate that vegetation structure and microhabitat conditions play an important role in supporting the formation of mating rings of the Great Argus. This study provides essential baseline ecological data to support habitat management and conservation efforts for the Great Argus within the Leuser Ecosystem.  Keywords:  Great Argus (Argusianus argus), Mating Ring, Vegetation, Soraya Research Station
ANALISIS CEMARAN BAKTERI Coliform PADA PANGAN SEGAR ASAL TANAMAN DI BANDA ACEH MENGGUNAKAN METODE MPN (Most Probable Number) kamaliah, kamaliah; junita, mela; fajri, cut zahratul; khalida , meutia; mahara, tika; thahira, afifah; fitria, fitria
KENANGA : Journal of Biological Sciences and Applied Biology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/kenanga.v5i2.8413

Abstract

Food safety is a crucial aspect that significantly impacts consumer health and safety, particularly in the consumption of fresh foods such as curly red chilies (Capsicum annuum L.), shallots (Allium cepa), mangoes (Mangifera indica), and cucumbers (Cucumis sativus). This study aimed to detect the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria in these food samples using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method, which includes presumptive, confirmatory, and complementary tests, as well as the IMVIC biochemical test to identify coliform bacteria species. Samples were collected aseptically from various locations in Banda Aceh and tested in a food safety laboratory. The results showed that curly red chilies (3.6/g), cucumbers (9.2/g), and red onion (9.2/g) contained microbial contamination exceeding the national standard safety limit (<3/g), while mangoes (9.2/g) met safety requirements (<20/g). These findings emphasize the importance of strict monitoring and implementation of food safety standards to prevent health risks due to microbial contamination in fresh food products. Furthermore, this study underscores the need to increase awareness and manage food distribution to ensure that products consumed by the public are truly safe and support national food security. Keywords: Food safety; Escherichia coli; Most Probable Number (MPN) method
Keanekaragaman Jenis dan Struktur Vegetasi Herba di Taman Wisata Alam Iboih, Sabang Muslich Hidayat; Anistia
KENANGA : Journal of Biological Sciences and Applied Biology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/kenanga.v6i1.8375

Abstract

Terrestrial ecosystems, particularly tropical forests, possess the highest biodiversity and play a crucial role in global environmental balance. Herbaceous vegetation, as a key component of forest ecosystems, serves as ground cover, maintains soil moisture, supports nutrient cycling, reduces erosion, and provides habitat for small organisms. This study aims to analyze the species composition, dominance levels, and diversity of herbaceous vegetation in the Iboih Nature Tourism Park (TWA) area, Sabang. The research was conducted in May 2024 using vegetation analysis methods with parameters of density, frequency, and Importance Value Index (IVI). The results recorded 41 herbaceous plant species from various families. The species with the highest IVI was Asplenium nidus (bird’s nest fern) at 16.826, followed by Pteris ensiformis (14.083). The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) value was 3.48, which is classified as high, indicating a stable, productive community that is not excessively dominated by any particular species. Environmental factors such as average soil moisture of 81%, air humidity of 78%, pH of 6.7, and temperature of 30.3°C support optimal growth of herbaceous vegetation. This study is expected to serve as a basis for the sustainable management of the Iboih Nature Tourism Park (TWA). Keywords: Vegetation; herbs; forest, Nature Tourism Park
Potensi Senyawa Bioaktif Kulit Kayu Syzygium cumini Sebagai Agen Antikanker dan Antimikroba: Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka Widya Syahfitri; Febry Rahmadhani Hasibuan; Imelda Maelani; Adelia Irawan Manulu
KENANGA : Journal of Biological Sciences and Applied Biology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/kenanga.v6i1.9648

Abstract

The Jamblang bark of Syzygium cumini contains diverse bioactive secondary metabolites with notable anticancer and antimicrobial potential. This review summarizes recent studies on the active compounds of S. cumini bark and their underlying biological mechanisms. A literature review was conducted following PRISMA-based guidelines by searching databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for articles published between 2010 and 2025. Studies were selected based on relevance to S. cumini bark, phytochemical composition, and anticancer or antimicrobial activity. The results indicate that S. cumini bark  major constituents include flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin), phenolic acids (ellagic acid, gallic acid), tannins, and triterpenoids (friedelin, betulinic acid). These compounds exhibit anticancer activity by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cancer cell proliferation through pathways such as NF-κB suppression (ellagic acid) and mitochondrial activation (betulinic acid). In antimicrobial studies, the n-hexane fraction of S. cumini bark extract effectively inhibits Salmonella typhi, likely via cell wall disruption by flavonoids and tannins. A summary of the active compounds and their biological activities is presented in tabular form. Overall, S. cumini bark demonstrates strong potential as a source of phytopharmaceutical candidates for anticancer and antibacterial development, highlighting the need for further compound isolation and pharmacological validation. Keywords: Anticancer, antimicrobial, Syzygium cumini, bark, bioactive compound
Formulasi Minuman Probiotik Kombinasi Sari Buah Mangga (Mangifera indica L.) dan Nanas (Ananas comosus L.) dengan Penambahan Susu Skim dan Bakteri Asam Laktat Lia Fadliah; Kasrawati Kasrawati; Jeny Riska Vatica; Muazzinah Muazzinah; Nurul Azzuhra
KENANGA : Journal of Biological Sciences and Applied Biology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/kenanga.v6i1.9799

Abstract

Digestive tract disorders such as diarrhea, gastritis, constipation, and Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) are common health problems among the Indonesian population. Probiotics are known to play an important role in maintaining the balance of intestinal microbiota, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and enhancing immune responses. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) and pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) contain vitamins, dietary fiber, antioxidants, and natural prebiotic compounds that support the growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The addition of skim milk serves as an additional nutrient source for LAB to optimize the fermentation process. This study aimed to formulate a probiotic beverage based on a combination of mango and pineapple juices with the addition of skim milk and lactic acid bacteria, as well as to evaluate the total LAB count, lactic acid content, and vitamin C content. This research employed a laboratory experimental method using a post-test only group design. The treatments consisted of skim milk concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3%, with the addition of 10% LAB starter culture. The evaluation included LAB enumeration using the Total Plate Count method, determination of lactic acid content by titration with 0.1 N NaOH, and vitamin C analysis using the iodimetric titration method. The results showed that the formulation containing 1% skim milk produced the highest LAB count, reaching 1.8 × 10¹⁰ CFU/mL. The lactic acid content ranged from 0.45% to 2.07%, with formulations containing 2% and 3% skim milk meeting the Indonesian National Standard (BSN) requirements (0.5–2.0%). The average vitamin C content was 0,056%, which was considerably higher than the standard range specified by SNI (0.01–0.1%). It can be concluded that the combination of mango and pineapple juices with skim milk has the potential to be formulated as a probiotic beverage that meets quality standards. Formulations containing 2% and 3% skim milk exhibited the best physicochemical characteristics, while the 1% skim milk formulation resulted in the highest LAB count. Keywords: probiotic beverage; mango juice; pineapple; skim milk; vitamin C; lactic acid bacteria.
Potensi Sumber Daya Sargassum sp. di Kepulauan Sunda Kecil Untuk Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Sosioekonomi Nelayan: Tinjauan Sistematis Awan Dermawan; Rizky Regina Kawirian
KENANGA : Journal of Biological Sciences and Applied Biology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/kenanga.v6i1.9841

Abstract

Coastal communities in Indonesia’s Lesser Sunda Islands remain socioeconomically vulnerable due to seasonal variability in fisheries, climate-related pressures, limited market access, and low levels of value-added processing. Among locally abundant but underutilized marine resources, Sargassum spp. represent a promising basis for livelihood diversification because of their ecological availability and potential applications in food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agriculture, and bio-based industries. This study aims to synthesize and critically assess existing scientific evidence on the distribution potential, sustainability considerations, and socioeconomic welfare implications of Sargassum resources in the Lesser Sunda Islands. A systematic literature review was conducted using peer-reviewed open-access articles indexed in Scopus and SINTA, and findings were integrated through narrative synthesis guided by the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework and a blue economy perspective. The review indicates that Sargassum occurs across multiple coastal sites in West Nusa Tenggara, that its biochemical characteristics support diverse value-added product pathways, and that welfare-relevant outcomes are most plausible when resource availability is coupled with environmentally responsible supply strategies and inclusive value-chain upgrading. By integrating ecological, technological, and livelihood evidence within a unified conceptual lens, this study provides an evidence-based foundation to inform sustainable coastal development strategies, support policy design for blue economy initiatives, and direct future research toward measurable welfare outcomes and scalable governance models. Keywords: Sargassum; alginate; coastal resource.
Analisis Kadar Air Benih Kedelai (Glycine max) Varietas Anjasmoro Menggunakan Metode Oven Jamaluddinsyah Jamaluddinsyah; Muslich Hidayat; Firman Rija Arhas
KENANGA : Journal of Biological Sciences and Applied Biology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/kenanga.v6i1.9899

Abstract

Moisture content is a pivotal parameter determining the viability and storage life of soybean seeds. This study aimed to evaluate the moisture content of Anjasmoro variety soybean (Glycine max) seeds using the constant high-temperature oven method. The research was conducted at the UPTD BPSBTPHP Laboratory in Banda Aceh. The methodology employed drying ground seed samples in an oven at 130°C–133°C for a duration of one hour. The experimental results revealed an average moisture content of 10.2095% derived from two replicates. This value falls within the recommended safe threshold for soybean seed storage, which ranges between 10% and 12%. Consequently, the tested seeds are categorized as having high physical quality and are suitable for long-term storage without significant risk of biological deterioration. Keywords: moisture content; seed quality; glycine max
Etnobotani Tanaman Obat Tradisional Pasca Melahirkan di Kecamatan Singkil Utara Kabupaten Aceh Singkil Anggun Desrah Alfiani; Kamaliah Kamaliah; Arif Sardi
KENANGA : Journal of Biological Sciences and Applied Biology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/kenanga.v6i1.9974

Abstract

Ethnobotany of medicinal plants is the study of cultural interactions between humans and medicinal plants, documenting traditional healthcare knowledge based on local wisdom and cultural practices passed down through generations. The postpartum period causes various physiological and physical changes in mothers, such as widening of the hips, the appearance of abdominal stretch marks, swelling of the legs, varicose veins, and weight gain. Communities in North Singkil Subdistrict, Aceh Singkil Regency, continue to utilize traditional medicinal plants for postpartum care as part of their local wisdom. This makes the area relevant as a research site to explore its ethnobotanical potential and to understand the role of tradition in maintaining community health, especially amid the growing tendency in some regions to abandon traditional medicine.This study aimed to identify the types of medicinal plants used and to describe their methods of preparation and application in postpartum care. The study employed a purposive sampling method involving 35 informants selected through interview techniques, and the collected data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the community utilizes 32 plant species belonging to 20 families as traditional postpartum remedies, with the Zingiberaceae family being the most dominantly used group. These plants are applied through two primary methods: topical application (rubbing ointment/lampok) and oral consumption. Preparation for oral use involves either boiling or direct consumption without processing (raw). Keywords: ethnobotany; medicinal plants; postpartum.

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