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Buletin Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Prima
Published by Universitas Prima Indonesia
ISSN : 28289994     EISSN : 28289994     DOI : https://doi.org/10.34012/bkkp
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Media publikasi ilmiah di bidang kedokteran dan kesehatan yang terbit dua kali dalam setahun yaitu pada bulan Maret dan September. Berisi tulisan hasil penelitian lapangan atau laboratorium maupun studi pustaka dari bidang ilmu seperti kedokteran klinis, kedokteran tropis, kedokteran gigi, biomedis, farmasi klinis dan kesehatan masyarakat.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 235 Documents
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Antibacterial activity of dali ni horbo protein extract modified with citrus and pineapple juice Tesa, Catrin Angelica Putri; Razoki, Razoki; Piska, Finna
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.7889

Abstract

Background: The global rise in antibiotic resistance highlights the urgent need to identify novel, natural antimicrobial agents. Fermented dairy products represent potential sources of bioactive peptides with inherent antibacterial properties. Dali ni horbo is a traditional fermented buffalo milk product from North Sumatra, Indonesia. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of a crude protein extract from dali ni horbo, modified with orange and pineapple juice, against selected pathogenic microorganisms. Methods: This experimental laboratory study employed disk diffusion and well diffusion methods on agar media to assess the extract’s activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Propionibacterium acnes, and Candida albicans. Results: The results showed no inhibition zones for any treatment against all tested microorganisms. The absence of detectable antimicrobial activity may be attributed to the low concentration or biological activity of antibacterial compounds in the crude extract, the possible degradation of bioactive peptides during extraction, and the limited diffusion capacity of high‑molecular‑weight proteins in solid agar media. Conclusion: In conclusion, under the experimental conditions and methods applied, the crude protein extract of dali ni horbo did not exhibit antimicrobial activity against the tested bacterial and fungal species. Further studies involving protein purification, bioactive peptide isolation, and alternative liquid-based susceptibility assays are recommended.
The association between anxiety, daily behaviors, and insomnia among university students Ismardi, Dita Anisa; Edlin, Edlin; Lubis, Yolanda Eliza Putri; Davin, Radhitya Qowiyyul; Ishak, Muhammad Raihan; Million, Hendy; Alponso, Rudolf; Jansen, Jansen
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.7890

Abstract

Background: Insomnia is a common problem among university students and is often associated with psychological factors such as anxiety and modifiable daily behaviors. This study aimed to examine the relationships between anxiety levels, specific daily habits (including caffeine consumption, physical activity, and academic stress), and the occurrence of insomnia among students aged 20 to 25 years at Universitas Prima Indonesia. Methods: An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in May 2025. A total of 94 students participated as respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, including the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The chi-square test was applied to analyze the associations between variables. Results: Most respondents were female (61.7%) with a mean age of 21.21 years. Descriptive analysis showed trends suggesting that higher anxiety and physical activity levels were associated with increased insomnia rates. However, statistical analysis revealed no significant relationship between anxiety and insomnia (p = 0.203) or between physical activity and insomnia (p = 0.190). In contrast, caffeine consumption showed a statistically significant association with insomnia severity (p = 0.006). Conclusion: Although anxiety and physical activity were not significantly related to insomnia in this study, caffeine consumption was identified as a significant modifiable risk factor. These findings emphasize the need for targeted health education programs to improve sleep hygiene among students, particularly by addressing caffeine intake to enhance sleep quality.
Antidiabetic potential of andaliman: Histopathological and glycemic improvements in diabetic rats Simbolon, Boyke Marthin; Lina, Juliana; Saragih, Ayu Theresia; Bangun, Chrismas Gideon; Nasution, Muhammad Fauzi; Rosari, Anita; Dewani, Yunita; Syahputra, Imam; Silalahi, Todung Donald Aposan
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.7891

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and pancreatic dysfunction, particularly involving the Islets of Langerhans. Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) is a plant rich in flavonoids and antioxidants, which are believed to have antidiabetic effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the ethanol extract of Andaliman fruit on pancreatic histopathology in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methods: This study employed a true experimental design with a pre-test and post-test control group structure. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to six groups: a normal control, a positive control (metformin 9 mg/kg), a diabetic control (alloxan 90 mg/kg), and three treatment groups induced with alloxan followed by administration of Andaliman extract at doses of 150, 250, and 350 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Treatments were administered for 14 days, after which blood glucose analysis (pre- and post-treatment) and pancreatic histopathological assessments were performed. Results: Statistical analysis revealed a significant reduction in blood glucose levels following treatment (p = 0.001). Histopathological examination showed that Andaliman extract ameliorated alloxan-induced damage to the Islets of Langerhans. The 350 mg/kg body weight dose resulted in the most pronounced tissue regeneration compared to the other treatment groups. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Andaliman fruit effectively improves pancreatic histopathology and lowers blood glucose levels in diabetic rats.
Factors influencing infant basic immunization uptake at Bestari Community Health Center, Medan Simangunsong, Pahala Maringan Jubel; Wau, Herbert; Gulo, Lincewan Lestari; Simanjuntak, Riky Suherman; Tanamal, Claudia; Hidayat, Andri; Rezaldi, Muhammad Rizal; Loren, Jeff; Arviandi, Rizki
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.7970

Abstract

Background: Immunization is one of the most effective public health interventions for preventing infectious diseases and reducing mortality rates. However, complete basic immunization coverage in Indonesia, particularly in North Sumatra, remains suboptimal. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between maternal characteristics (age, education, employment, knowledge, and attitudes) and the provision of complete basic immunization for infants at the Bestari Community Health Center in Medan. Methods: The research employed an analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach involving 60 mothers visiting integrated health posts in November 2022. Data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: Results indicated significant associations between maternal age (p = 0.002), education level (p = 0.003), employment status (p = 0.000), knowledge (p = 0.000), and attitudes (p = 0.000) with infant immunization completeness. Conclusion: The study concludes that sociodemographic factors and maternal understanding play crucial roles in immunization coverage.
Prevalence of ulcer disease among patients with diabetes mellitus at Royal Prima Hospital Medan Tua, Grace Angelina Tarigan; Amir, Widya Pasca; Suandy, Suandy; Sopacua, Erwin; Handayani, Putri; Tambunan, Adrian Nurrachman; Putra, Ananda Rahmat; Rahimi, Armon
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.7888

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with a rapidly increasing prevalence, often leading to serious complications such as diabetic ulcers, which significantly affect quality of life and increase healthcare costs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ulcers in patients with diabetes mellitus treated at Royal Prima Medan Hospital and to analyze the associated factors. Methods: This quantitative observational study employed a retrospective design and analyzed medical record data collected between 2021 and 2025. A total of 58 patients were selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test and ANOVA with a 95% confidence level. Results: The majority of the respondents were male (63.8%) and within the 56–65-year age group (34.5%). The most common skin condition was diabetic ulcers (82.8%), followed by diabetic bullae (12.1%) and viral infections (5.2%). The mean blood glucose level was 246.33 mg/dL, indicating hyperglycemia. Statistical analysis revealed no significant association between gender and skin disease type (p = 0.895) and no significant difference in blood glucose levels across types of skin disease (p = 0.135). Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between skin disease type and blood glucose levels, suggesting that clinical management should also address other behavioral and metabolic factors.
Relationship of parental occupation, income, and education with children's oral health: A study of sixth-grade students at SD 060847 Sekip, Medan Molek, Molek; Gusbakti, Gusbakti; Khairani, Nayla; Sembiring, Reza
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.7969

Abstract

Background: Oral health in elementary school–aged children is an important component of general health that affects quality of life and the growth and developmental process. Poor oral hygiene in children remains common and is influenced by various factors, including parental socioeconomic conditions. This study aimed to determine the relationship between parental socioeconomic factors, including occupation, income, and education level, and the oral health of sixth-grade students at SD Negeri 060847. Methods: This analytic survey used a cross-sectional design. The study population comprised all students at SD Negeri 060847, and the sample consisted of 43 sixth-grade students selected using a total sampling technique. Data on parental socioeconomic status were obtained through questionnaires, and children’s oral health status was assessed using the Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S) through direct examination. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods with the chi-square test. Most children had a moderate OHI-S status. Results: There was a significant relationship between parental occupation and children’s OHI-S status, with children whose parents had higher-level occupations tending to have better oral hygiene. Parental income also showed a significant relationship with OHI-S status, with higher income associated with better oral hygiene. In addition, parental education level was significantly associated with children’s oral health. Conclusion: In conclusion, parental socioeconomic factors are significantly associated with the oral health of sixth-grade students at SD Negeri 060847.
Antibacterial activity of Trigona sp. propolis extract against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in vitro Yuni, Yuni; Sumitro, Sumitro; Butarbutar, Angelin Nehemia Juniarti; Setiawan, Linda Novelgia; Adriana, Shirley; Fernanda, Bella
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8010

Abstract

Background: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a primary pathogen in aggressive periodontitis. Plaque control uses chemical and natural agents. Propolis inhibits growth of bacteria, viruses, and fungi. This study assessed the in vitro antibacterial activity of Trigona sp. propolis extract against A. actinomycetemcomitans. Methods: This true experimental laboratory study used a post-test-only control group design. Samples were A. actinomycetemcomitans bacteria in 8 groups (n=5 each). The dilution method tested antibacterial activity. Data analysis used Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests.  Results: Mean A. actinomycetemcomitans colony counts (mean ± SD) were 5.60 ± 1.52, 11.60 ± 4.83, 15.60 ± 5.03, 22.20 ± 2.86, 25.40 ± 6.43, and 141.80 ± 5.40 for propolis concentrations of 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125, and 1.56, respectively. Negative control (DMSO) showed uncountable colonies; positive control (chlorhexidine) showed none. Kruskal-Wallis test indicated significant differences (p=0.001). Mann-Whitney test showed differences between most groups (p<0.05), except 25 vs. 12.5% (p=0.421), 12.5 vs. 3.125% (p=0.056), and 6.25 vs. 3.125% (p=0.151).  Conclusion: Trigona sp. propolis inhibited and showed bactericidal potential against A. actinomycetemcomitans in vitro, with minimum inhibitory concentration at 3.125% and minimum bactericidal concentration at 50%.
Gonial angle, antegonial angle, and bigonial breadth among Chinese and Batak ethnic groups: A panoramic radiographic analysis Perdani, Mustika Lili; Wilvia, Wilvia; Tabhita, Kanaya; Ishak, Ishfahani Suriadi; Perangin-angin, Meika Maharani Br; Pasaribu, Tulus; Desta, Maorina; Tanjung, Dian Soraya; Purba, Member Reni
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8019

Abstract

Background: Mandibular morphology is a key aspect of antropometry and dentistry, reflecting anatomic variations influenced by genetic, ethnic, and environmental factors. Parameters such as bigonial width, gonial angle, and antegonial angle serve as primary indicators in mandibular morphometric analysis, with applications in orthodontics, maxillofacial surgery, and forensic identification. Population-based morphometric data for local Indonesian groups remain limited. This study addresses this gap by examining mandibular characteristics in Batak and Chinese ethnic groups. This study aimed to compare bigonial width, gonial angle, and antegonial angle between Batak and Chinese groups using panoramic radiographs. Methods: This cross-sectional, observational, analytic study included 50 subjects (25 Batak and 25 Chinese) at RSGM Prima. Measurements were performed with ImageJ software and analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk normality test, Levene homogeneity test, and independent t-test.  Results: No statistically significant differences were found in gonial angle (p=0.665), antegonial angle (p=0.218), or bigonial width (p=0.328) between the groups.  Conclusion: No significant differences exist in gonial angle, antegonial angle, or bigonial width between Batak and Chinese groups. Mandibular morphometric variations are not determined solely by ethnicity. These parameters should be integrated with other anthropologic markers and primary identification methods for greater accuracy in clinical and forensic applications.
Effects of rice husk nanosilica on color stability of metal-ceramic crowns Sinamo, Sopan; Martono, Martono; Ginting, Deva Yani Br; Davin, Davin; Azzanjani, Aisyah Bella; Hadi, Lina; Hasim, Bryan Julio; Watri, Desi; Chiuman, Veranyca
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8020

Abstract

Background: Metal-ceramic crowns remain a primary choice for dental restoration due to their adequate mechanical strength and relatively low cost. However, their esthetic success depends on the color stability of the porcelain, particularly the opaque layer that masks the underlying metal. Nanosilica derived from rice husks is an environmentally friendly material with potential as a reinforcing agent, but data on its effect on color changes in metal-ceramic crowns remain limited. This study aimed to analyze the effect of adding 0.5% rice husk nanosilica to the opaque layer on color changes in metal-ceramic crowns. Methods: An in vitro experimental study used Co-Cr metal samples coated with porcelain, with color evaluation based on the CIELAB system (L*, a*, b*) via colorimeter before and after nanosilica addition. Nanosilica was synthesized from rice husks and characterized using particle size analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed with Shapiro-Wilk test, Levene test, Welch t-test, and paired t-test.  Results: Characterization results showed nanosilica particles in the nanoscale range with two main distribution peaks and amorphous, spherical morphology with agglomeration tendency. L* values increased significantly, whereas changes in a* and b* values showed no significant differences.  Conclusion: These findings indicate that adding 0.5% rice husk nanosilica to the opaque layer increases brightness and total color change in metal-ceramic crowns, requiring esthetic control in its application.
Breast cancer patients' quality of life during chemotherapy at Royal Prima General Hospital Saragih, Chanli; Lumbantobing, Christina J.R.E.; Chiuman, Linda; Sylvana, Dhini; Ibnu, Syahroni; Yuliansyah, Jeri; Iskandar, Ari Rahman
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8049

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Chemotherapy, a primary treatment modality, often significantly impacts patient quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to analyze the QoL of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at Royal Prima General Hospital. Methods: We employed a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional design with a purposive sample of 51 patients. Data were collected using a respondent characteristics form and the validated Indonesian version of the WHOQOL-BREF instrument. Results: Results indicated the majority of respondents were aged 36-60 years (86.3%), married (100%), had a junior high school education (49%), and had a disease duration of 1-24 months (82.4%). Overall QoL for most patients was moderate (60.8%), followed by good (35.3%) and poor (3.9%). Cross-tabulation analysis revealed varied QoL distribution across age, marital status, education, disease duration, and cancer stage. Conclusion: We conclude that the QoL of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at Royal Prima General Hospital is predominantly at a moderate level, indicating a need for focused attention on psychosocial support, health education, and symptom management to holistically improve patient well-being during treatment.

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