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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Cancer
Published by National Cancer Center-Dharmais Cancer Hospital
ISSN : 19783744     EISSN : 23556811     DOI : https://www.doi.org/ 10.33371
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Indonesian Journal of Cancer is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal. This journal is published quarterly (in March, June, September, and December) by Dharmais Cancer Hospital - National Cancer Center. Submissions are reviewed under a broad scope of topics relevant to experimental and clinical cancer research. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted acceptance for publication. The journal publishes original research articles, case reports, and review articles under the following categories: cancer management, cancer prevention, cancer etiology, epidemiology, molecular oncology, cancer diagnosis and therapy, tumor pathology, surgical oncology, medical oncology, radiation oncology, interventional radiology, as well as early detection.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Onkologi
Articles 562 Documents
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The Pattern of Prostate Cancer Screening and Diagnosis among Indonesian Urologists: A Questionnaire Survey Muhammad Firman; Fakhri Rahman; Agus Rizal Ardy Hariandy Hamid; Chaidir Arif Mochtar
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol 17, No 2 (2023): June
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i2.970

Abstract

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) screening and diagnosis are mandatory to deliver optimal management in the early phase. Even though it has been discussed in many guidelines, the implementation of PCa screening and diagnosis in Indonesia remains unknown. This study aims to evaluate the pattern of PCa screening and diagnosis among Indonesian urologists and their adherence to guidelines. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between February and July 2019. Respondents were Indonesian urologists registered as members of the Indonesian Urological Association (IUA) and had already practiced for at least six months. Data were collected using questionnaires, which were distributed at a national urology symposium and electronically via Google Form. Data were presented descriptively, and all data were processed using SPSS version 23. Results: Of 458 urologists, 195 (42.6%) gave full responses. Most of the respondents, 181 (92.8%) urologists, used the IUA guidelines. Among the 103 (52.8%) respondents who performed screening, nearly half (42.7%) agreed to screen patients aged ≥ 50 years or ≥ 45 years with a family history of PCa. Moreover, 76.8% would repeat screening annually, and 35.6% would stop when the patient’s age reached 70 years old. Digital rectal examination (DRE) was frequently performed for screening (74.5%), while prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests were only performed in 52.3% of cases. The PSA test was available in 74.8% of hospitals. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) was still used by 67.2% of respondents for diagnosis. Only 52.3 % of participants used transrectal prostate biopsy for diagnosis, using anesthesia (78.1%) during the procedure, and increased PSA level (98%) as its indication. However, Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS) was only available in 49% of hospitals. This study found that Indonesian urologist adherence level toward guidelines was 63.3% (9–100%). Conclusions: PCa screening and diagnosis are still varied among Indonesian urologists, which might arise due to the different availability of diagnostic modalities.
The Profile of Oncologic Orthopedic Surgery in 2 Years of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single-Centered Study in Orthopedic Hospital Mujaddid Idulhaq; Fajar Baskoro Gardjito; Musa Fasa Roshada
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol 17, No 2 (2023): June
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i2.926

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has led to a difficult condition for healthcare providers to maintain their service without risking their safety. Generally, patients were canceling their hospital visits as they feared COVID-19 transmission. This has led to a general decline in the number of patient visits, attending doctors, and elective surgeries. However, this may not be the same for oncologic orthopedic cases which are allowed to continue elective surgeries, and the patients still perceive their condition as urgently in need of treatment. This article aimed to compare the number of oncologic orthopedic surgeries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and describe the profile of oncologic orthopedic surgery two years of the pandemic.Methods: This was a retrospective study comparing the total number of oncologic orthopedic patients undergoing elective surgery in a single center, Prof. Dr. R. Soeharso Orthopedic Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia, from March 2019 to February 2022. The number of surgeries per month before the pandemic, in the first and second years of the COVID-19 pandemic, was described and compared with one-way ANOVA. The surgical procedures performed in these three years were also described.Results: The total of oncologic orthopedic surgeries before the COVID-19 pandemic was 390 cases in comparison to 374 cases in the first year and 355 cases in the second year of the pandemic. The average number of cases per month was 32.5 ± 6.4 before the pandemic compared to 31.2 ± 7.8 in the first year and 29.5 ± 6.4 cases per month in the second year of the pandemic. There was no significant difference (p = 0.59, Confidence Interval 95%). Sophisticated reconstruction surgery such as arthroplasty and megaprosthesis still took place during the pandemic. Conclusions: The trend in the number of oncologic orthopedic surgeries did not decline significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Atypical Radiology Imaging of Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma: A Case Report and Narrative Review Nunki Puspita Utomo; Brenda Miriane Rustam; Sudharmadji Sudharmadji
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol 17, No 2 (2023): June
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i2.958

Abstract

Introduction: Multiple well-circumscribed round nodules, also known as “Cannonball” appearance in the lungs, are typically associated with specific pulmonary metastases. However, limited reports denote the finding, especially if correlated with primary squamous cell lung carcinoma in the younger population. This is the first case report in Indonesia of a 19-year-old male with primary squamous cell carcinoma in the lung and chest radiograph image mimicking a “Cannonball” appearance Case Presentation: A 19-year-old male was presented with a history of progressing hemoptysis for two weeks with no other abnormal respiratory symptoms but a reduction of vocal fremitus. The subject is an occasional smoker and had a history of lung tuberculosis in 2009 and a suprarenal or adrenal mass. X-ray imaging revealed multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules, mimicking the “Cannonball” appearance. A fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of a nodule was done and interpreted to be primary squamous cell carcinoma. Symptomatic treatment was given and the subject was discharged on the fifth day. Conclusions:  A “Cannonball” appearance or its mimic is not always typical to certain carcinoma based on what this case report finds. In the case of a tumor, radiograph findings should also be correlated with other supporting tests such as biopsy and clinical presentation.
A Comparison of Cancer Incidences Between Dharmais Cancer Hospital and GLOBOCAN 2020: A Descriptive Study of Top 10 Cancer Incidences Bob Andinata; Adang Bachtiar; Puput Oktamianti; Jeremy Romeo Partahi; Mazaya Shafa Ainan Dini
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol 17, No 2 (2023): June
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i2.982

Abstract

Background: : Cancer is one of the main causes of death and increased morbidity in every country in the world. According to Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2020 data, it is estimated that 19.3 million new cancer cases and nearly 10.0 million cancer deaths occurred in the world in 2020. Based on the same data, it is estimated that 396,914 new cancer cases and nearly 234,511 cancer deaths are estimated to occur in Indonesia. Dharmais National Cancer Hospital (DNCH) as a national cancer center is a miniature of cancer data in Indonesia. For this reason, researchers want to compare whether the data on the number and types of cancer in DNCH are the same as those in GLOBOCAN 2020.Methods: This research is a descriptive analysis with secondary data collection methods taken from medical records. The sampling technique was total sampling, univariate data analysis, namely new cases of cancer patients for the January-December 2021 period which are 2,382 cases.Results: The results showed that the same order in both data was only found in the first, second, and seventh order, namely breast cancer, cervical cancer, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, respectively. However, the percentage of new cases of breast cancer in RSKD is much higher (2.5-folds) than in GLOBOCAN.Conclusion: There are several differences between the data on new cancer cases in the two data, which can be caused because DNCH has complete facilities, both for diagnostic and curative purposes, and examinations such as IHC and bone scans are only available at certain hospitals and one of them is DNCH.
Limb Salvage Surgery in Large and Fungating Giant Cell Tumors of Distal Radius: A Case Series Muhamad Naseh Sajadi Budi; Arief Abidin
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol 17, No 2 (2023): June
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i2.963

Abstract

Introduction: A Giant Cell Tumor (GCT) is a benign tumor, but often aggressive with recurrence or metastasis tendency. Often, distal radius GCT is presented in relatively small or medium sizes. Large and fungating distal radius GCT is characterized by its higher ability to infiltrate, destruct, and compromise its surrounding tissue. Therefore, it increases the risk of complications including amputation. The treatment requires more complex surgery and reconstruction than usual GCT. In this case series, we prefer to perform the limb salvage surgery with wide en bloc resection, followed by reconstruction of the bone and soft tissue, instead of amputation. Case Presentation: We report 4 patients with massive GCT at the distal radius. All complained about pain and a lump in the wrist. The tumors are large in dimension with the size of 12 x 8 x 6 cm, 10 x 10 x 8 cm, 11 x 9 x 9 cm, and 17 x 14 x 8 cm respectively, fungating and compromised surrounding soft tissue. Limb salvage procedures are performed with wide en-bloc resection, bone cement spacer insertion, K-wire fixation, dissection, and tendon reconstructions followed by soft tissue defect closure using distant flap and primary suture. Follow-up post-surgery was variable within 2 to 36 months. All patients had a reduced scale of VAS, increased functional outcome measured with quick DASH score, no major complications, and no sign of recurrence or metastasis during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Large and fungating GCT of distal radius managed by limb salvage surgery and complex reconstruction deliver a good result. Thus, it can give other options other than amputation. 
The Symptomatic Improvement of Metastatic Brain Tumor Patients Based on Clinical and Distress Thermometer in Adjunctive Psychotherapy Tiara Aninditha; Dian Oktaria Safitri; Henry Riyanto Sofyan; Sylvia Detri Elvira; Irmia Kusumadewi; Feranindhya Agiananda
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol 17, No 2 (2023): June
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i2.961

Abstract

Background: Along with the increasing incidence of primary cancer, metastatic brain tumors are becoming more common. Metastatic brain tumor patients go through a great deal of distress. Therefore, providing adequate standard therapy can alleviate patients’ clinical symptoms and improve their overall quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the role of symptomatic treatments and adjunctive psychotherapy in patients with metastatic brain tumors. Methods: We conducted a randomized, single-blind, parallel design without matching and pragmatic clinical trial at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from August 2019 – June 2020. A total of 30 metastatic brain tumor patients were divided into 2 groups: (1) The treatment group which received a combination of symptomatic and adjunctive psychotherapy, and (2) The control group which was given symptomatic therapy only. The patients’ distress level was evaluated using a distress thermometer (DT). Data analysis was carried out using the Chi-square test, Fisher exact’s, and binominal test.Results: All patients in the treatment group experienced a significant improvement in overall DT scores before and after adjunctive psychotherapy (p=0.01). Symptomatic therapy alleviates headaches and seizures significantly by 100% with or without psychotherapy. Conclusions: The standard symptomatic treatment of metastatic brain tumors can alleviate clinical symptoms in both groups, especially for headaches and seizures. An adjunctive psychotherapy may significantly improve the overall DT.
The Potency of Herbal Active Compounds as Immune Modulators for Cancer Therapy Septelia Inawati Wanandi; Maria Maghdalena
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol 17, No 2 (2023): June
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i2.956

Abstract

Cancer was the second leading cause of death globally in 2018. On the other hand, immunotherapy is one of the most promising and effective therapies to fight against cancer. This area of research has highly increased over the last decade. Immunotherapy will modulate and initiate an effective immune response. Hence, the immune system in the body will be more potent in combating cancer. Cancer immunotherapy can utilize herbal products to modulate the immune system with low toxicity. In addition, the usage of herbal products has also proven to decrease the side effects of conventional cancer therapy. Some herbal products have been proven to have biological and pharmacological activity, such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and chemopreventive. Indonesia, with its immense biodiversity of herbal products, can use this advantage to develop these sources in the health sector. We showcase some active compounds such as quercetin, andrographolide, curcumin, resveratrol, capsaicin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, genistein, 6-shogaol, and 6-gingerol. We further highlight the mechanism and signaling pathways that can occur in these active compounds to suppress cancer progression and development. This review discusses the mechanism and potency of herbal products as a modulator in cancer immunotherapy to combat cancer. In summary, this review summarizes herbal products’ active compounds and future promise within the field of immunotherapy.
Clinical Efficacy of Crizotinib as the First-Line Therapy of Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma with ROS-1 Rearrangement: A Systematic Review Muhamad Rizqy Fadhillah; Jamal Zaini
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol 17, No 2 (2023): June
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i2.933

Abstract

Background: Crizotinib is a drug designed to treat advanced NSCLC with ROS-1 rearrangement. Nevertheless, no reviews have assessed available studies to determine the efficacy and safety of first-line crizotinib against advanced NSCLC with ROS-1 rearrangement.Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCOHost, and ScienceDirect, were searched, filtered by inclusion and exclusion criteria, and read the full text. The researchers summarized and extracted efficacy as the primary outcome, including patients’ best response (complete response, partial response, stable disease, progressive disease, disease control rate, and objective response rate) and prognosis (overall survival rate and progression-free survival rate). Safety was also extracted as the secondary outcome.Results: Out of 91 articles electronically searched, four observational studies were included, extracted, and summarized descriptively. After full-text reading, entire studies were included. Across studies, the median PFS of the first line crizotinib varied from 14.9 months, 23.0 months, and 18.4 months with the median OS being 60 days to “Not Reach.” The patients’ best responses were similar among the studies. However, two out of four studies did not report the adverse event outcome. This study concluded that first-line crizotinib was safe.Conclusions: This systematic review suggests the potency of the first line of crizotinib therapy in advanced NSCLC patients. Regarding the current limitation of included studies, further higher quality with subsequent research in this scope is needed.
Combining Photothermal Therapy with A Nanohybrid-Based Drug Delivery Strategy for Slow-Released Doxorubicin: A Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Muhammad Habiburrahman; Afid Brilliana Putra; Muhammad Ilham Dhiya Rakasiwi
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol 17, No 2 (2023): June
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i2.964

Abstract

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancy in the world. Surgical intervention remains the primary treatment option for resectable liver cancer. However, the low curative resection ratio, high metastatic ratio, and risk of recurrence make this treatment less than ideal. Additionally, the choice of liver transplantation is limited by the availability of donors. This literature review aimed to discuss the combination strategy of photothermal therapy and nanohybrid-based chemotherapy delivery, which are expected to address the challenges in HCC treatment. Methods: We conducted literature searches in Pubmed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar using combined keywords such as “hepatocellular carcinoma”, “polyethylene glycol”, “doxorubicin”, “mesoporous silica”, “CuS”, “nanoparticle”, and “photothermal therapy”. Based on the assessment of validity and applicability aspects using modified Oxford CEBM (Center for Evidence-Based Management) and OHAT (Office of Health Assessment and Translation) checklist tools for preclinical studies, all the selected studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Results: Photothermal therapy promotes necrosis and apoptosis of HCC cells by ‘heating’ the cancer cells. Meanwhile, the chemotherapy agent doxorubicin, modified with mesoporous silica nanohybrids and encapsulated copper sulfate polyethylene glycol (PEG-DOX-MSN-CuS), enhances the efficiency and duration of drug circulation in the blood, reduces drug clearance, and minimizes retention by the reticuloendothelial system. By utilizing near-infrared light induction from photothermal therapy, doxorubicin can be slowly released, leading to significantly improved effectiveness. In vitro studies have demonstrated that this this combination strategy achieves over 90% HCC cell death at a chemotherapy concentration of 80 µg/mL, in conjunction with near-infrared light induction. The optimal release time for doxorubicin was recored at a concise 20 minutes. Conclusions: Given the numerous benefits associated with this combination of strategies, photothermal therapy using PEG-DOX-MSN-CuS holds significant expected to be a promising treatment for HCC.
Characteristics of Lung Cancer Patients at Dr. Soedarso Hospital Pontianak from 2017 to 2019 Agusriani Putri; Sari Eka Pratiwi; Risa Febriana Musawaris
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol 17, No 2 (2023): June
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i2.950

Abstract

Background: Lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the leading cause of death in 2020. Preliminary studies from 2014 to 2019 at Dr. Soedarso Hospital Pontianak showed there was an increase in lung cancer cases. This study aimed to determine the clinical profile of patients with lung cancer in Dr. Soedarso HospitalMethods: This epidemiological study used medical records from patients diagnosed with lung cancer at Dr. Soedarso Hospital Pontianak from 2017 to 2019. It was a cross-sectional study, and 81 samples met the criteria. The inclusion criteria are the completeness of data and the results of cytopathology laboratory examinations. The data were processed using Microsoft Excel.Results: In this study, based on the characteristics of patients diagnosed with lung cancer in Dr. Soedarso Hospital, 82.7% are male with an average diagnosed age of 54.8 years, and 72.8% of patients do not have a smoking history. The common symptoms of patients are shortness of breath (77.8%), chest pain (55.6%), and weight loss (30.9%). The most common type is Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC) specifically Adenocarcinoma (76.5%).Conclusion: This study shows that lung cancer incidence in males was higher than in females, and most patients diagnosed did not have a smoking history. The most common symptom of patients is shortness of breath with the most common type of cytopathology results being adenocarcinoma.

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