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International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP)
Published by CV. Inara
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2808845X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.51601/ijhp
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) e- ISSN : 2808-845X is a communication media and scientific publication in the health and pharmaceutical fields published by Inara Publisher. International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) contains articles from research focusing on basic medicine, clinical medicine, epidemiology, preventive medicine (social medicine), pharmacy, and other medical fields. International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) is published periodically four times a year (February, May, August and November).
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 455 Documents
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Analysis of Antibiotic Use Pattern in Patient With Acute Respiratory Tract Infection at Royal Prima Hospital Medan Year 2023 - 2024 Fizry Munthe, Amalia; Darmadi, Suhartina; Lestari, Sri
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): November 2025 ( Indonesia - Thailand)
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v5i4.510

Abstract

. Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARTI) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity in Indonesia, particularly among children and toddlers. Irrational use of antibiotics continues to be a serious issue as it contributes to the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, this research tended to analyze the pattern of antibiotic use among ARTI patients at Royal Prima Hospital Medan during the period of 2023–2024. This study employed a descriptive quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. Data were collected retrospectively from the medical records of 211 patients diagnosed with ARTI who were treated at Royal Prima Hospital Medan. The variables analyzed included patient characteristics (age and gender), type of ARTI, type and class of antibiotics, and duration of antibiotic administration. Data were processed and analyzed using SPSS version 25 descriptively in the form of percentage distributions and frequency. The results showed that most ARTI patients were male (55.5%), and belonged to the toddler (55.0%) and child (37.9%) age groups. The most common type of ARTI found was upper respiratory tract infection (bronchitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis, and laryngitis), accounting for 89.3% of cases. A total of 91.5% of patients received antibiotics, while 8.5% did not. The most frequently used antibiotic was amoxicillin (46.9%), followed by cefixime (25.1%). Based on the WHO AWaRe classification (2023), ACCESS group antibiotics dominated usage (>60%), while WATCH group antibiotics were used in limited cases (25%). The most common duration of antibiotic therapy was 3–5 days, and most patients received monotherapy (85.8%). Overall, the pattern of antibiotic use among ARTI patients at Royal Prima Hospital Medan was largely in accordance with WHO and Indonesian Ministry of Health guidelines, particularly in the selection of ACCESS group antibiotics and the limitation of combination therapy. However, the high rate of antibiotic prescription for mild ARTI cases indicates the need to strengthen the Antimicrobial Resistance Control Program (PPRA) and implement delayed antibiotic prescription strategies to develop the antibiotics’ rational use in hospital settings.
The Influence of Non-Clinical Factors (Age, Location, and Non-Medical Costs) on Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty at The Outpatient Polyclinic of The Manado City Dental and Oral Hospital M. N. Karinda, Sysilia; M.V. Wariki, Windy; E. Manampiring, Aaltje
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i1.511

Abstract

Patient satisfaction and loyalty are influenced not only by clinical factors but also by non-clinical factors, especially in the context of dental and oral health services supported by the National Health Insurance system. Three non-clinical factors that are strongly suspected of influencing patient satisfaction are age, non-medical costs, and location. Purpose. This study aims toanalyzing the direct and indirect influence between age, non-medical costs, and location on patient loyalty through patient satisfactionat the outpatient clinic of the Manado City Dental and Oral HospitalMethods. This study is a quantitative study with an analytical observational approach and uses a cross-sectional design, which was conducted in October - December 2025. The study sample consisted of 128 respondents consisting of respondents ≥ 18 years. Data were collected through questionnaires, then analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. Results.The results show that there is a direct effect of age and non-medical costs on patient satisfaction (p = 0.001), there is a direct effect of age on patient loyalty (p = 0.001), there is a direct effect of patient satisfaction on patient loyalty (p = 0.001), there is a direct effect of age on patient loyalty through patient satisfaction (p = 0.001) and there is a direct effect of non-medical costs on patient loyalty through patient satisfaction (p = 0.036). Meanwhile, there is no direct effect of location on patient satisfaction and loyalty (p = 0.976 and 0.436), there is no direct effect of non-medical costs on patient loyalty (p = 0.058), and there is no effect of location on patient loyalty through patient satisfaction (p = 0.979).ConclusionPatient satisfaction is a full mediator between non-medical costs and loyalty, and a partial mediator between age and loyalty.
Development of the “Rehcardicare” Application for Post-Coronary Rehabilitation Artery Bypass Graft for Improving Cardiac Endurance Through Resistance and Flexibility Training Rinawati, Rinawati; Silaban, Lidia
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): November 2025 ( Indonesia - Thailand)
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i1.514

Abstract

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a heart abnormality caused by narrowing or obstruction of the coronary arteries supplying blood to the heart. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the development of the "Rehcardicare" application after CABG to improve patients' cardiac endurance using resistance and flexibility. It also measured the effectiveness of the "Rehcardicare" application in improving cardiac endurance after CABG. It also identifies patient attitudes toward the "Rehcardicare" application. Methods: The design used a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) development model. Data were collected on patient characteristics, patient understanding of heart conditions, the CABG procedure, and the importance of rehabilitation. Data were collected on initial cardiac functional capacity, digital records of "Rehcardicare" application usage, improvements in cardiovascular functional capacity, and patient attitudes toward "Rehcardicare" application-based rehabilitation. Implementation of post-CABG patient rehabilitation using the "Rehcardicare" Rehabilitation application through resistance and flexibility training and the effectiveness of the "Rehcardicare" rehabilitation application in increasing cardiac endurance and data were analyzed using a t-test with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The age of respondents was more with 8 people aged 51-60 years (44.4%) with a gender that was more with men as many as 15 people (83.3%), the occupation of respondents was more with self-employed as many as 12 people (66.7%), patients were able to identify problems that arose during rehabilitation, there was an increase in the distance traveled by the 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) compared to the baseline results before rehabilitation by 100%. The design of the "Rehcardicare" rehabilitation application was effective in increasing cardiac endurance in post-CABG patients with a p-value = 0.000 < α = 0.05 Conclusion: The design of the “Rehcardicare” rehabilitation application was successfully designed by integrating resistance and flexibility exercises, assessment indicators, and digital monitoring that are appropriate to the needs of post-CABG patients, the application has been proven to be effective in increasing cardiac endurance, which is indicated by an increase in the results of the Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and improvements in the functional capacity of patients, the implementation of rehabilitation through the application patients to do exercises safely, structured, and consistently, while making it easier for medical personnel to monitor patient progress and post-CABG patients show a positive attitude towards application-based rehabilitation, by assessing the application as easy to use, useful, and increasing motivation and adherence to the program and the “Rehcardicare” application has the potential to be an effective alternative to cardiac tele-rehabilitation, especially to support patients who have difficulty following face-to-face rehabilitation in hospitals.
Characteristics of Procalcitonin Values and Absolute Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in Pneumonia Sepsis Patients in the Intensive Care Unit of a Hospital H. Adam Malik Angela Yurika Purba; Syamsul Bihar; Bintang YM Sinaga
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i1.516

Abstract

.Sepsis pneumonia ranks among leading causes of global mortality, particularly in ICU settings, yet local biomarker profiles remain underexplored in resource-limited contexts like Indonesia. This study aimed to characterize procalcitonin (PCT) and absolute neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in ICU sepsis pneumonia patients at RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan (2023). Employing an observational analytic cross-sectional design, total sampling captured 132 patients meeting Sepsis-3 criteria (qSOFA ≥2, SOFA ≥2, age ≥18 years) with complete PCT/NLR data. Secondary data from medical records were analyzed using SPSS 25 via univariate descriptives and Spearman bivariate tests. Results revealed demographic dominance of males (61.37%) and age ≥60 years (40.15%), lymphopenia (94.70%), neutrophilia (90.90%), critical NLR (>17; 50%), and PCT predominantly in sepsis/infection range (0.5-2 ng/mL; 39.39%) followed by septic shock (>10 ng/mL; 29.55%). In conclusion, elevated NLR and PCT confirm severe inflammation patterns aligned with Sepsis-3, supporting biomarker-guided therapy to mitigate antibiotic overuse in Indonesian ICUs.
Factors Associated with Rabies Antibody Titers in Dogs in Mapanget District, Manado City Rosalin Hutasoit, Dimitris; Johnson Kepel, Billy; Iren Christy Manoppo, Jeanette
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i1.522

Abstract

Rabies remains a highly fatal zoonotic disease and continues to pose a substantial public health challenge in Indonesia, including in Manado City. Mapanget District hosts a considerable dog population, yet empirical data on herd immunity based on rabies antibody titers are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the determinants associated with rabies antibody titers among dogs in Mapanget District, Manado City. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 97 dogs selected through purposive sampling. Serum samples were analyzed using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to classify antibody titers as protective (≥0.5 IU/mL) or non-protective (<0.5 IU/mL). Statistical analyzes included Fisher's Exact Test and multivariable logistic regression to assess associations between host factors and antibody titer status. Only 8.2% of dogs exhibited protective antibody titers, whereas 91.8% demonstrated non-protective levels. Vaccination status showed a highly significant association with antibody titers (p < 0.001). Vaccinated dogs were markedly more likely to achieve protective titers compared to unvaccinated dogs (OR = 35.71; 95% CI: 3.888–328.026). No significant associations were observed for dog type, age, or sex (p > 0.05). The findings underscore a critically low level of immunity within the dog population in Mapanget District, primarily attributable to insufficient vaccination coverage. Vaccination emerged as the predominant factor influencing the development of protective antibody titers. Strengthening routines and mass vaccination programs, coupled with systematic serological monitoring, are imperative to achieve adequate herd immunity and to advance rabies elimination strategies in the region.

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