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Makara Journal of Health Research
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23563664     EISSN : 23563656     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/msk
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Health Research (MJHR) is a peer-reviewed and scientific journal published by Universitas Indonesia. Starting from 2019 onwards, MJHR is redirecting its scope, focusing on publishing research articles relevant to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) addressing issues of surveillance, disease management and health policy in the Asia Pacific and Mediterranean countries. Relevant academic articles regarding NCDs analyzed from an integrated perspective including individual and population level, experimental and clinical approaches, epidemiology, public health, disease prevention and health promotion, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and palliative care are welcome.
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 28, No. 3" : 10 Documents clear
Investigation of the Relationship Between Nursing Students’ Ethical Sensitivities and Care Behaviors Yel, Pınar; Zengin, Neriman; Üçeriz, Aysenur Çetin
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Care encompassing ethical and legal aspects is essential for nursing and involves actions that aim to improve individual well-being. In this study, we assessed the relationship between nursing students’ ethical sensitivity and care behaviors. Methods: This descriptive study included 191 students enrolled at a foundation university who consented to participate. Relevant data were gathered by using the Descriptive Information Form, Ethical Sensitivity Scale Adapted for Nursing Students, and Caring Behaviors Scale-24. Surveys were conducted face-to-face with the attending students and via Google Forms for the non-attending students. Results: The mean total score of the ethical sensitivity scale was 4.89 ± 0.60, indicating a moderate level, while the mean score for care behaviors was 5.32 ± 0.70, indicating a high level. Ethical sensitivity varied significantly by sex, and care behaviors varied according to sex and grade level (p < 0.05). A moderate positive correlation was found between ethical sensitivity and the total care behavior score (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Students had moderate ethical sensitivity and high care behaviors, with female students scoring higher in both areas compared to male students. In addition, higher ethical sensitivity levels were correlated with increased care behaviors.
The Association Between Sleep Quality, Depression, Anxiety, and Job-related Stress Among Nurses in Saudi Arabia Mostoles, Romeo Jr Patague
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: This study examined the mediating role of sleep quality in the relationship between depression, anxiety, and job-related stress among nurses in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Sociodemographic information, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, depression, anxiety, and work-related stress were evaluated in 851 nurses. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the mediation effect of sleep quality on mental health and job stress in nurses. Results: High rates of anxiety (65.9% severe, 34.1% moderate), depression (37.2% moderate to severe), and poor sleep (51.4%) were found. Sex, marital status, education, nationality, and smoking status significantly influenced mental health outcomes. For example, female, college-educated, non-Saudi, and smoker participants reported lower depression levels. Younger participants (aged 26–35) were associated with higher anxiety and lower poor sleep. Conclusions: This study revealed a significant prevalence of anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances among nurses. Females and those with lower education levels and in specific age groups were more likely to experience poorer mental health. Poor sleep quality was strongly associated with anxiety and depression. These findings indicate the urgent need for comprehensive mental health assessments and interventions to improve the well-being of nurses.
Nurses’ Empathy, Burnout, and Contentment with Life in Turkey Mersin, Sevinç; İbrahimoğlu, Özlem; Tuncer, Merve; Arslanoğlu, Ali
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: Empathy has various consequences for nurses. Therefore, its effects on nurses should be identified. Thus, this study aimed to determine the relationships between empathy, burnout, and level of contentment with life in nurses and the characteristics that affect them. Methods: This descriptive–correlational study was conducted on 653 nurses in Turkey between November and December 2021. Data were collected using an information form, the Basic Empathy Scale, Burnout Measure Short Scale, and Contentment with Life Assessment Scale. Results: A positive, weak, and significant relationship was noted between the mean Basic Empathy Scale and Burnout Measure Scale scores. A significant negative and moderately strong relationship was found between the mean Burnout Measure Scale and Contentment with Life Assessment Scale scores. Conclusions: It is crucial that the increase in the level of empathy in nurses also increases their level of burnout. Therefore, examining the empathy skills of nurses through in-depth interviews may be indicated, as well as revealing the reasons for the effect of empathy on burnout. The results of this study can be beneficial for planning interventions to reduce burnout levels in nurses.
Histodynamics of Natural Killer Cells from a Healthy Donor Exposed to Exosomes from the Blood of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Asrinda, Indria; Antarianto, Radiana Dhewayani; Jusuf, Ahmad Aulia; Ahani, Ardhi Rahman; Jasirwan, Chyntia Olivia Maurine; Ritchie, Ni Ken; Nur Aditya, Robby; Irawan, Cosphiadi
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading form of liver cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Exosomes in the HCC microenvironment can induce significant changes in natural killer (NK) cells during endocytosis. The present study aimed to distinguish exosomes in the blood of HCC patients, analyze changes in NK cell phenotype, and evaluate peroxidase and toluidine blue staining as alternative methods for observing the changes. Methods: NK cells were collected from healthy donors, and exosomes were extracted from the blood of HCC patients. The exosomes were characterized in accordance with MISEV 2018 guidelines, and NK cells were incubated with HCC-derived exosomes. NK cell phenotype changes were assessed using immunofluorescence, toluidine blue staining, and peroxidase staining. Results: The identified exosomes measured 34.7 nm, had a charge of −4.33 mV, and were positive for CD81+. Changes in NK cell receptor expression following exposure to HCC exosomes were not significant (p > 0.05). Immunofluorescence confirmed exosome endocytosis by NK cells, toluidine blue staining revealed negative metachromasia and peroxidase staining indicated morphological NK cell changes. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that peroxidase and toluidine blue staining are effective for observing exosome endocytosis in NK cells, enhancing our understanding of HCC exosome-NK cell interactions and beneficial in developing future therapeutic strategies targeting the HCC microenvironment.
Health Literacy of Unhealthy Diet Consumption in Thailand Suriya, Sitaporn; Torut, Buraskorn
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: The burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing worldwide, including in Thailand. One risk factor for NCDs is an unhealthy diet. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the consumption of an unhealthy diet and determine the proactive policies that support factors inhibiting an unhealthy diet. Methods: We investigated the factors affecting unhealthy diet consumption behavior by multiple linear regression analysis by surveying 970 Thai patients with early-stage NCD. In addition, we investigated appropriate policy proposals by conducting in-depth interviews with 20 key informants. Results: Knowledge (−0.247, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.285 to −0.210), family and reference person (−0.170, 95% CI −0.275 to −0.065), health awareness (−0.111, 95% CI −0.148 to −0.074), and education (−0.062, 95% CI −0.092 to −0.032) were significantly related to the inhibition of unhealthy diet consumption. Four proactive policies supporting those factors include the following: (1) reforming the national curricula to include scientific knowledge and health literacy, (2) educating social influencers to help advocate accurate information, (3) creating an easily accessible public food database, and (4) designing consumer-friendly front-of-package labels. Conclusions: Although strengthening health literacy involves many factors and requires cooperation from many sectors, it may be a solution for a sustainable fight against NCDs.
Threat of Hypercholesterolemia in Urban Adults and Its Associates: Evidence from a Community-Based Study Yadav, Ambika Rani; Keshari, Priya
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is an abnormality of lipids. It is a crucial modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. There is a paucity of community-based studies on hypercholesterolemia in the adult population in India. Given this context, the study aims to assess the prevalence and spectrum of hypercholesterolemia, along with its associated factors, among adult residents of urban areas in Prayagraj district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was done on 536 urban adult subjects (30 to 59 years) of Prayagraj, India, selected by multistage sampling procedure. The predesigned and pretested interview schedule was used to obtain socio-demographic information about subjects. Nutritional parameters and serum cholesterol were assessed using the standard procedure. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were done for association and inferential purposes, respectively. Results: The prevalence of Hypercholesterolemia was 24.4%. This was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in subjects aged 50-59 years, family size 2-4, and having higher body mass index, waist circumference, and visceral fat%. Age emerged as a significant predictor of hypercholesterolemia. Conclusions: One out of 4 urban subjects had hypercholesterolemia. This study emphasizes the need for age-specific screening and preventive and promotive services to reduce hypercholesterolemia.
The Impact of Immigrants on the Number and Type of Births Gumusburun, Neset; Mendes, Ergun
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: Although cesarean section is a life-saving procedure in certain situations, it may result in complications for maternal and infant health when conducted, especially for nonmedical purposes. The civil war in Syria has significantly modified the demographic and ethnic structure of Turkey, which has affected the number and type of births occurring here. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of the increasing Syrian refugee patient population on primary cesarean section rates in Kilis/Turkey. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, pregnant women who gave birth at the State Hospital in the Kilis province in Turkiye between 2010 and 2021 were assigned to two groups: Syrian refugees and Turkish women, based on their ethnicity. The numbers, types, and rates of deliveries were separately studied for each group. Results: A total of 39,537 deliveries took place at our hospital. The 12-year total cesarean section rate was determined to be 25.5%, with the total primary cesarean section rate of 8.8%. While the most common cesarean indication was previous cesarean section, the most common primary cesarean indication was fetal distress. Conclusions: The tendency of Syrian patients to vaginal delivery, probably owing to cultural factors, has reduced the rate of primary cesarean section in Turkey.
Association between Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Dietary Fiber Intake and Body Mass Index among Undergraduate Students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Mat Ludin, Arimi Fitri; Ismail, Munirah; Othman, Mohd Sham; Vanoh, Divya; Huoy Tyng, Chai; Ibrahim, Irdina; Surang, Jasmine Lavang; Jayiddin, Muhammad Adam; Ibrahim, Noor Afiifah; Abdullah, Nur Arina Shazrina; Harun, Nur Athirah; Rashidi, Nur Fatihah; Chen, Lew Leong
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: A fiber-rich diet lowers the risk of various diseases by increasing fecal bulk, shortening intestinal transit time, and stimulating intestinal flora. This study examines the association between knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding dietary fiber intake and body mass index (BMI) among Dentistry and Software Engineering undergraduates. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 95 Dentistry and 92 Software Engineering students at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The KAP questionnaire was analyzed for its reliability using Cronbach’s alpha and distributed through email. Results: Most respondents had normal weight. The Software Engineering students had a higher percentage of overweight and obese individuals than the Dentistry students. KAP measurements for both groups were moderate across all variables. No differences were found in attitude and practice levels between both groups. However, the Software Engineering students had higher knowledge of dietary fiber intake. KAP did not influence BMI in both groups. Factor analysis showed a high association between KAP on dietary fiber intake and BMI status among Software Engineering students compared to dentistry students. Conclusions: The level of KAP on dietary fiber intake is associated with BMI status among undergraduate students.
A Growing Concern: Long Commutes and Mental Fatigue Among Workers Mohd Suadi Nata, Dayana Hazwani; Mohamad Jamil, Putri Anis Syahira; Muhammad Rawee, Mira Nursabrina
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Commuting stress is a growing concern for workers with long daily journeys between home and work. This study explores the effects of commuting on workers’ mental and physical health, focusing on stress, mental fatigue, and productivity at work. Methods: The research conducted in Selangor, Malaysia, involved 212 commuters who completed a survey that included sociodemographic and commuting information, the Depression Anxiety and Stress Score (DASS-21), and a mental fatigue questionnaire. Results: The findings revealed that a significant proportion of workers experienced stress from their commuting routines: approximately 74.5% reported that commuting had a detrimental effect on their mental health, while 82.1% experienced mental fatigue, which directly impacted their ability to concentrate and perform effectively at work. The DASS-21 results showed that 14.2% experienced mild depression, 16% had moderate anxiety, and 11.4% reported mild stress. A significant positive correlation was found between commuting distance and anxiety (r = 0.35, p < 0.05), stress (r = 0.32, p < 0.01), and mental fatigue (r = 0.42, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Commuting stress adversely affects concentration, productivity, and well-being. The study suggests adopting telework, flexible work hours, and workplace mental health initiatives to mitigate these negative effects.
Prevalence of Lipohypertrophy and Lipoatrophy in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes and Determination of Associated Risk Factors Kırmızıgül, Huriye; Şentürk, Seher Gönen
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of lipohypertrophy and lipoatrophy and their associated risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes taking insulin. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study used the STROBE checklist. In January 2022 to April 2022, 271 individuals with type 2 diabetes were studied. The presence of lipoatrophy and lipohypertrophy was evaluated with inspection and palpation, and the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were obtained using a questionnaire. Data were collected in face-to-face interviews. Results: Lipoatrophy and lipohypertrophy prevalence was 4.8% and 19.2%, respectively. Lipoatrophy was more common in patients who did not perform regular intra-regional rotation, and lipohypertrophy in those aged ≤60 years, women, those using insulin at a dose of >50 IU, those administering four injections per day, those using prandial and basal insulin, and those who did not perform regular systematic and intra-regional rotation (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Lipoatrophy and lipohypertrophy are common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus taking insulin and may develop due to some modifiable risk factors.

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