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Prof. Diah Ayu Maharani, DDS, PhD
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Makara Journal of Health Research
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23563664     EISSN : 23563656     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/msk
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Health Research (MJHR) is a peer-reviewed and scientific journal published by Universitas Indonesia. Starting from 2019 onwards, MJHR is redirecting its scope, focusing on publishing research articles relevant to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) addressing issues of surveillance, disease management and health policy in the Asia Pacific and Mediterranean countries. Relevant academic articles regarding NCDs analyzed from an integrated perspective including individual and population level, experimental and clinical approaches, epidemiology, public health, disease prevention and health promotion, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and palliative care are welcome.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 290 Documents
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Knowledge of Parents about Thalassemia in Tabuk City: A Cross-Sectional Study Alblewi, Sawsan Mohammed; Alatawi, Amirah M; Hanafy, Ehab Mahmoud; Althobaiti, Faisal Mayudh; Al-Balawi, Abdulelah Hamad; Alamrani, Faisal Mohammed; Ajwah, Yazeed Mahmoud; Albalawi, Omar Muslih; Alquayr, Mohammed Majed; Alhamdi, Sultan Ibrahim
Makara Journal of Health Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: Thalassemia is a common inherited blood disorder and remains a significant public health concern in Saudi Arabia. Parental knowledge is essential for effective prevention, screening, and early intervention. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of thalassemia among parents in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia, and identify factors associated with knowledge levels. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 392 parents residing in Tabuk City between March and May 2025. Data were collected using a validated Arabic questionnaire distributed online. Knowledge was assessed using 21 items covering general thalassemia knowledge, thalassemia major, carrier status, and prevention. Knowledge levels were categorized according to Bloom’s cut-offs. Associations were examined using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression. Results: The median knowledge score was 7 (IQR 1–12; possible range 0–21). Overall, 68.1% of participants demonstrated poor knowledge, 29.1% moderate knowledge, and 2.8% good knowledge. Important misconceptions were identified regarding inheritance, carrier status, diagnostic testing, and prevention. Male sex was independently associated with poor knowledge (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.38–3.96, p = 0.002). Conclusion: Parental knowledge regarding thalassemia in Tabuk City was generally inadequate. Targeted educational interventions, genetic counseling, and screening programs are needed to improve awareness and support disease prevention.
Frailty and Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults in Primary Care: A Cross-Sectional Study Adadıoğlu, Öznur; Seven, Ahmet; Danç, Esin
Makara Journal of Health Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: This study aimed to examine frailty status and activities of daily living among older adults. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 306 voluntary participants aged 65 years and older who were registered at a primary healthcare center in a city in Türkiye. Data were collected using the Participant Information Form, the FRAIL Scale, and the Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living. Results: Among the participants, 36.9% were non-frail, 42.2% were pre-frail, and 20.9% were frail. The mean Katz Index score was 5.42 ± 1.35. The mean scores of activities of daily living were 5.97 ± 0.16 in the non-frail group, 5.67 ± 0.74 in the pre-frail group, and 3.95 ± 2.19 in the frail group. Conclusions: Increasing frailty was associated with a decline in the ability of older adults to perform activities of daily living. These findings highlight the importance of early frailty screening in primary care to prevent functional decline and loss of independence.
Osteoporosis Knowledge, Health Beliefs, and Calcium Intake among Malaysian Chinese Adults in Perak: A Cross-sectional Study Ru, Thean Hui; Ab Kadir, Nurul Aimi; Mohd Shahrin, Fatin Izzaty
Makara Journal of Health Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: The Malaysian Chinese population records the highest national prevalence of osteoporotic hip fractures. This study investigated the relationships between osteoporosis knowledge, health beliefs, and calcium intake among Malaysian Chinese adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 205 Malaysian Chinese adults in Kampar, Perak, using the adapted Osteoporosis Prevention and Awareness Tool (OPAAT), Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale (OHBS), and a 30-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Results: Participants demonstrated low osteoporosis knowledge (6.84 ± 2.92), with low perceived susceptibility (14.87 ± 5.00), moderate perceived seriousness (17.81 ± 5.20), and barriers to calcium intake (15.61 ± 4.15), and high perceived benefits (22.73 ± 3.75) and health motivation (21.26 ± 3.84). The mean daily calcium intake was 530 ± 353.2 mg/day, with only 12% of participants achieving adequate intake. Knowledge of osteoporosis was significantly correlated with almost all health belief domains. Several statistically significant correlations were observed among the OHBS domains, and calcium intake was correlated with age (r = 0.181), osteoporosis knowledge (r = 0.141), perceived benefits (r = 0.177), perceived barriers (r = −0.240), and health motivation (r = 0.176). Conclusion: Strategies that improve osteoporosis awareness, strengthen health motivation, and reduce practical dietary barriers may support healthier calcium-intake behaviors among Malaysian Chinese adults.
Internet Use and Decision-Making Processes among Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study Balmumcu, Ayça; Çetinkaya Ak, Endam; Uçan Yamaç, Sabriye
Makara Journal of Health Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic restricted access to in-person health services, especially in rural areas. This increased reliance on the internet for health information and decision-making was particularly notable among pregnant women. This study aimed to investigate the role of internet use in decision-making among pregnant women. Methods: This analytical, cross-sectional study examined 384 pregnant women living in a rural district of Turkey who attended family health centers for prenatal care. Data were collected using the Internet Decision-Making Scale in Pregnancy and a questionnaire assessing internet use patterns during the pandemic. Results: Pregnant women demonstrated high levels of internet-based decision-making regarding pregnancy-related issues. Time spent online increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and most participants reported trusting the pregnancy-related information they obtained online. Higher age was associated with higher Internet-based decision-making scores. Conclusions: The internet plays a crucial role in influencing pregnant women’s decisions during periods of limited access to healthcare services, especially in rural areas. Understanding how and when women use the internet for these decisions is essential for safeguarding maternal and infant health and for developing safe, evidence-based digital support strategies.
E-Health Literacy and Cyberchondria Severity among Adolescent High School Students: A Cross-Sectional Study Çavmak, Seyda; Bilgin, Adem
Makara Journal of Health Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Amid rapid digitalization and the growing use of artificial intelligence-based search engines, adolescents increasingly seek health information online. This study examined the relationship between high school students' e-health literacy and their cyberchondria tendencies. Methods: This quantitative, cross-sectional study included 683 students from public high schools in Mersin, Türkiye. Data were collected using a Demographic Information Form, the e-Health Literacy Scale (eHEALS), and the Cyberchondria Severity Scale Short Form (CSS-12). Descriptive statistics, comparative tests, and Pearson correlation were applied (p < 0.05). Results: Students' e-health literacy and cyberchondria severity were moderate. Significant positive correlations emerged between e-health literacy and all cyberchondria subdimensions (distress, necessity, reassurance, excessiveness). Internet use duration and purpose were associated with cyberchondria; students who had searched for health information within the past week showed significantly higher literacy scores. No significant differences were found by gender or grade level. Conclusion: Higher e-health literacy was associated with more frequent online health searching and greater cyberchondria tendencies, suggesting literacy alone may not reduce this risk. Educational programs should incorporate critical appraisal of online information, misinformation management, and coping strategies for digital health-related anxiety.
E-Cigarette Awareness, Usage Patterns, and Sociodemographic Determinants among Malaysians Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study Kamal, Izdihar; Mohd Abd Wahab, Nabilah; Mawaddah Mohammad, Nurul; Ahmad, Rashidi; Khalis Abdul Karim, Muhammad; Mohd Diah, Hatikahaty; Ahmad Dahari, Munirah; Biha Mohamed Nafis, Nur; Abdullah Sani, Mohd Faris; Kabeer, Sulayman Muhammad; Mohamed Nafis, Nur Biha; Mohd Radzi, Juliana
Makara Journal of Health Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among Malaysian adolescents is rising rapidly, raising significant public health concerns. This study assessed awareness, understanding of risk, and e-cigarette use among secondary school students in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, and identified sociodemographic predictors of use. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 323 students from three government secondary schools using a validated questionnaire. Data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results: Nearly one-third (31.9%, N = 103) reported prior e-cigarette use. Although 63.2% (N = 204) demonstrated good awareness, only 14.6% (N = 47) understood associated health risks. Peers (32.5%, N = 105) and the internet (29.1%, N = 94) were the primary sources of information, while school-based interventions remained largely passive. Male gender (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 7.63, p < 0.001), age 16 (AOR = 4.56, p = 0.002), and having a family member who smoked or vaped (AOR = 3.97, p < 0.001) were significant predictors of use. Conclusion: Despite good awareness, understanding of risk remained critically low, revealing a gap that current school-based efforts have failed to address. In particular, male, older age, and family smoking exposure were key predictors of use. Overall, targeted health education and stronger regulatory measures are urgently needed to reduce adolescent vaping in Malaysia.
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Nursing Students’ Self-Perceptions about Safe Medication Management Şimşekli, Derya; Koyunoğlu, Bedriye Cansu; Karabulutlu, Elanur Yilmaz
Makara Journal of Health Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Safe medication management is central to nursing education and patient safety. To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no validated Turkish instrument specifically designed to assess nursing students’ self-perceptions regarding safe medication management. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Nursing Students’ Self-Perceptions about Safe Medication Management (NURSPeM). Methods: This methodological study was conducted at a single university using convenience sampling. Data were collected from a sample of 400 nursing students using the NURSPeM. Construct validity was examined with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha, and test–retest reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results: Questionnaire 1 showed adequate fit (CMIN/df = 1.67, RMSEA = 0.041, CFI = 0.912). Questionnaire 2 demonstrated acceptable fit (CMIN/df = 3.02, RMSEA = 0.071, CFI = 0.905). The Cronbach alpha values ranged from 0.815 to 0.918, and ICC from 0.854 to 0.930. Conclusions: The Turkish NURSPeM is a valid and reliable tool for assessing nursing students’ self-perceptions of safe medication management in nursing education.
Needlestick Injury Risk and Preventive Behaviors among Nursing Students Wilandika, Angga; Alfin, Riandi; Khoerunnisa, Rosa Intan
Makara Journal of Health Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Needlestick injury (NSI) remains a persistent occupational safety risk for nursing students during clinical practice, with implications for worker safety, patient care, and healthcare safety systems. Understanding preventive safety behavior within clinical training environments is essential for improving workplace safety in healthcare settings. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among nursing students undertaking hospital-based clinical placements. Using a purposive sampling, participants completed a structured self-administered questionnaire assessing NSI exposure, preventive safety behaviors, clinical supervision, safety training, and perceived safety within the clinical learning environment. Data was analyzed to identify patterns of NSI risk and associated preventive behaviors. Results: NSI exposure during clinical practice was frequently reported, with variability in adherence to preventive safety behaviors. Preventive behaviors were associated with the quality of clinical supervision, participation in safety training, and the perceived safety climate. Gaps between expected safety standards and actual clinical practices indicated weaknesses in workplace safety systems. Conclusion: NSI risk among nursing students is influenced by both individual behavior and organizational safety conditions. Strengthening supervision, safety training, and safety-oriented clinical systems is essential to promote consistent preventive practices and improve occupational safety during clinical education.
Assessing Healthcare Access among Overweight and Obese Individuals in Türkiye using Latent Variable Modeling Sipahi, Banu Beyaz
Makara Journal of Health Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Overweight and obesity are critical determinants of healthcare access, yet evidence on how the COVID-19 pandemic reshaped these dynamics in Türkiye remains limited. This study investigates whether the early post-pandemic recovery period altered healthcare access patterns for individuals with excess weight. Methods: Using nationally representative microdata from the 2014, 2016, 2019, and 2022 Turkish Health Surveys, we constructed a latent Healthcare Access Index based on six indicators of unmet care needs. Probit models were estimated to assess associations between BMI categories and healthcare access, controlling for socioeconomic and demographic factors. The 2022 wave serves as the early post-pandemic recovery period. Results: Overweight and obese individuals consistently exhibited a lower probability of healthcare access compared to normal-weight adults. However, the 2022 wave indicates a relative improvement in access for these groups, suggesting a partial recovery. These findings remain robust across gender and socioeconomic subgroups, highlighting persistent but narrowing disparities in the ability to obtain necessary care. Conclusions: While individuals with excess weight in Türkiye faced significant barriers to accessing healthcare, early post-pandemic trends indicate partial recovery. Policies must prioritize reducing these disparities to ensure equitable access to essential services for vulnerable populations during post-crisis transitions.
Physical Activity Intensity and Memory in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China Tang, Simi; Gao, Yucheng
Makara Journal of Health Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Memory decline represents a major challenge in aging populations, and physical activity may help preserve cognitive function. However, evidence on whether different activity intensities are associated with memory remains inconclusive. Methods: Using five waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011–2020), this study investigated the association between physical activity intensity and memory among middle-aged and older adults in China. Individual fixed-effects models were applied to control for unobserved time-invariant heterogeneity. The outcome was memory score, and the main predictors encompassed high-, moderate-, and low-intensity physical activities. Results: Based on 52,135 person–wave observations from 21,423 individuals, high- and moderate-intensity physical activities were positively associated with memory performance, whereas low-intensity physical activity demonstrated no significant association. Males and females exhibited comparable patterns, with no statistically significant sex-specific difference. Conclusion: Moderate- and high-intensity physical activities are associated with better memory among Chinese middle-aged and older adults, supporting the promotion of physical activity as a strategy for healthy cognitive aging.

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