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Makara Journal of Science
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23391995     EISSN : 23560851     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/mss
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Science publishes original research or theoretical papers, notes, and minireviews on new knowledge and research or research applications on current issues in basic sciences, namely: Material Sciences (including: physics, biology, and chemistry); Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology (including: microbiology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy and evolution); and Biotechnology.
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Articles 18 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 15, No. 1" : 18 Documents clear
AKTIVITAS ANTIFUNGAL MINYAK ATSIRI JINTEN PUTIH TERHADAP Candida parapsilosis SS25, C. orthopsilosis NN14, C. metapsilosis MP27, DAN C. etchellsii MP18 Ridawati, Ridawati; Jenie, Betty Sri Laksmi; Djuwita, Ita; Sjamsuridzal, Wellyzar
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 1
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Antifungal Activity of Cumin Oil Against Candida parapsilosis SS25, C. orthopsilosis NN14, C. metapsilosis MP27, and C. etchellsii MP18. Many kinds of spices are used in Indonesia, one of them is white cumin seed. This spice is used not only for cooking, but also for traditional medicine. This study reported of antifungal activity from white cumin’s essential oil. Extraction and identification of Cumin oil were carried out. We obtained 2.5-3.0% of white essential oil which was colorless or light yellow color. GCMS analysis revealed that there were 12 peaks. Based on peak’s intensity the oil were dominated by 4 compound i.e. cuminaldehide (35.44%), ρ-cymene (34.77%), β-pynene (15.08 %) and γ-terpinene (8.15%). Growth inhibition zone determination has been carried out by diffusion disc and direct method against yeast i.e. C. parapsilosis SS25, C. orthopsilosis NN14, C. metapsilosis MP27, and C. etchellsii MP18. The results showed that all of the yeasts were sensitive to cumin oil. The inhibition zone radius were 13.4-16.5 mm. The cumin oil showed the inhibition of yeast growth with MIC values of 0.028%-0.042% and MFC values 0.09%- 0.14%, while nystatin had MIC values 0.40%-0.50% and MFC values 3.0%-4.0%. The activity of cumin oil was very strong as antifungal.
KOMPOSISI KIMIA MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN AKWAY Cepeda, Gino Nemesio; Santoso, Bimo Budi; Lisangan, Meike Meilan; Silamba, Isak
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 1
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Chemical Composition of Essential Oil from Akway. Akway (Drimys piperita Hook f.) is a woody, evergreen and aromatic plan that was a member of winteraceae. This plant is used by Sougb tribe lived in Sururey village, District of Manokwari, to heal malaria and to enhance the vitality of body. The objectives of this research were to know the yield of essential oil using water distillation of leaves and its chemical composition using gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The results indicated that the yield of leaves essential oil by using water distillation was 0.2%. The essential oil composed by 49 compounds categorized by terpene and its derivatives 83.67%, derivatives of benzene 4.08% and alifatic compounds 8.16%
ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM Justicia gendarussa Burm. LEAVES ON DECREASING THE URIC ACID PLASMA Basah, Katrin; Elya, Berna; Amin, Juheini; Julian, Muhamad Iqbal
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 1
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The effect of Justicia gendarussa leaves extract has been investigated using oxonate-induced hyperuricemic male albino rats. In this experiment thirty five male albino rats were divided randomly into seven groups. There were three group doses variations of J. gendarussa extract that were 1.3 g/kg bw, 2.6 g/kg bw and 5.2 g/kg bw; two comparison groups that were allopurinol 0.68 g/kg bw and herbal “X” 0.85 g/kg bw; and two control groups that were induced control potassium oxonate 0.25 mg/kg bw and normal control CMC 0,5 %. Intraperitoneal administration of potassium oxonate 0.25 mg/kg bw was given one hour before administration of test drugs in eight day and plasma uric acid was measured in rats after two hours. Plasma uric acid was measured by spectrophotometric on 520 nm with enzymatic method. The results showed that all extracts could reduced uric acid level of rats. The decreasing potency of uric acid level was equal to doses increase, so the best result that can reduce uric acid level was J. gandarussa extract at a dose 5.2 g/ kg bw. This results indicated that J. gendarussa leaves extract may be effective for the prevention and the treatment of hyperuricemia.
STUDY ON THE PHYSIOLOGY OF ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION AND THE EFFECT OF HEATING ON THE MALATHION RESIDUE ANALYZED USING RADIOTRACER METHOD Hamzah, Razak Achmad
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 1
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The aim of this study is to determine, the comparison of absorption by aquatic plants Hydrilla verticillata and Water hyacinth (Eichhomia crassipes) of malathion insecticide residues in water and comparison of malathion concentration in tissues of fish fed with of contaminated water plants (Water hyacinth) with tissues of fish, which was not fed contaminated water plant. The effect of heating the contaminated fish tissue, on its level in tissues of rats that consume it. For the first experiment (aquarium filled with 3 litre of water + H. verticillata 100 gr + Water hyacinth 100 gr + 20 uci 14C-labeled malathion); for the second experiment (the first aquarium filled with 3 litre of water + 30 tails of goldfish + 20 uci 14C-labeled malathion; second aquarium filled with 3 litre of water + Water hyacinth 100 gr + 30 tail of goldfist + 20 uci 14C –labeled malathion. For the third experiment (most of contaminated fish tissue in the second experiment was dried at room temperature and then given to 30 mice and partly heated and then given to another 30 mice). Malathion levels were then analyzed by using a liquid scintillation counter LSC-753 (Aloka). The results of all treatments were compared using the Student t-test. It can be concluded, H. verticillata was more efficient compared to the enceng gondok in absorbing the insecticide malathion residues in water; malathion concentration in the tissues of fish fed Water hyacinth was higher than those of fish not fed Water hyacinth; contaminated fish tissue residues of malathion, although be heated, can not be lowered significantly, levels in the tissue.
PURIFICATION AND CARBOHYDRATE ANALYSIS OF RECOMBINANT HUMAN ERYTHROPOIETIN EXPRESSED IN YEAST SYSTEM Pichia pastoris Wardiana, Andri; Santoso, Adi
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 1
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BOX MODEL AIR TAWAR, SALINITAS DAN ZAT HARA DI DELTA MAHAKAM KALIMANTAN TIMUR Hadikusumah, Hadikusumah; Simanjuntak, Marojahan
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 1
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Box Model of Freshwater, Salinity and Nutrient in the Delta Mahakam East Kalimantan. Research has been conducted in the southern part of the Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan. Method of measuring temperature, salinity, light transmission and turbidity by using CTD model 603 SBE and current measurement and bathymetry by using ADCP model RDI. Measurement parameters on the nutrient chemistry are based of water samples taken using Nansen bottles from two depths. The purpose of this study to determine the mechanism of freshwater, salinity and nutrient transport from the land of the Mahakam River which interact with seawater by using box models. The results illustrate that the vertical distribution of salinity in the Mahakam Delta has obtained a high stratification, where the freshwater salinity 12.30 psu at the surface of a river flowing toward the sea, and seawater of high salinity 30.07 psu flowing in the direction river under the surface that are separated by a layer of mixture. Freshwater budget of the sea (VSurf) obtained for 0,0306 x 109 m3 day-1, and the sea water salinity budget is going into the bottom layer system (VDeep.SOcn-d) obtained for 20,727 x 109 psu day-1. While time dilution (τSyst) obtained for 0.245 day-1 or 5.87 hours. Nutrient budget in the surface layer obtained by the system is autotrophic while in layers near the bottom tend to be heterotrophic.
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae BAKTERI PENYEBAB HAWAR DAUN PADA PADI: ISOLASI, KARAKTERISASI, DAN TELAAH MUTAGENESIS DENGAN TRANSPOSON Wahyudi, Aris Tri; Meliah, Siti; Nawangsih, Abdjad Asih
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 1
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Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae the Causal Agent of Bacterial Leaf Blight of rice: Isolation, Characterization, and Study of Transposon Mutagenesis. X. oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial leaf blight (BLB) of rice (Oryza sativa L.), a major disease that constrains production of the staple crop in many countries of the world. Identification of X. oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) was conducted based on the disease symptoms, pathogenicity, morphological, physiological, and genetic characteristics of bacterial cultures isolated from the infected plants. Fifty bacterial isolates predicted as Xoo have been successfully isolated. They are aerobic, rod shaped, and Gram negative bacteria. The isolates were evaluated for their hypersensitivity in tobacco and pathogenicity in rice plant. Fifty isolates induced hypersensitive reaction in tobacco and showed pathogenicity symptom in rice in different length. Based on physiological test, hypersensitivity and pathogenicity reactions, three bacterial isolates strongly predicted as Xoo, i.e. STG21, STG42, and STG46, were non indole formation, non pigment fluorescent, hydrolyzed casein, catalase activity positive, but negative oxidase. Partial sequencing of 16S rRNA genes of STG21 and STG42 showed 80% and 82% homology with X. oryzae, respectively, while STG46 showed 84% homology with X. campestris. Mini-Tn5 transposon mutagenesis of STG21 generated one of the mutants (M5) lossed it’s ability to induce hypersensitive reaction in tobacco plant and deficient in pathogenicity on rice. The lesion length of rice leaf caused by the mutant M5 decreased up to 80%.
THE USE OF THE RIETVELD METHOD TO STUDY THE PHASE COMPOSITION OF CORDIERITE (Mg2Al4Si5O18) CERAMICS PREPARED FROM RICE HUSK SILICA Simanjuntak, Wasinton; Sembiring, Simon
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 1
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This research presents the use of the Rietveld method to study the phase composition of cordierite (MG2AL4SI5O18) ceramics prepared from rice husk silica, after the samples were sintered at 1300, 1400 and 1500 °C. The formation of cordierite is temperature-dependent as indicated by the relative phase composition obtained from x-ray diffraction patterns for the cordierite and spinel increased markedly with increasing temperature, i.e, from 38.98 to 54.15 wt% and from 11.81 to 17.99 wt % following the increase in temperature from 1300-1500 °C, respectively. The above values were obtained with the aid of the Rietveld method, carried out until the goodness of fit values (GoF) reached below 2, which is considered a satisfactory value to reveal the real phase composition. Different plots produced by refinement using the Rietveld method also reveal a reasonable fit between the observed and the calculated plot, demonstrating the usefulness of the method for calculating the quantity of phase composition in the sintering process

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