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INDONESIA
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 79 Documents
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Search results for , issue "PHS8 Accepted Abstracts" : 79 Documents clear
Results of TB contacts investigation in community during the COVID-19 pandemic in North Kalimantan Province Khuntari, Wiwit
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS8 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Objective: This study aims to describe the results of the investigation of TB contacts during the COVID-19 pandemic in North Kalimantan Province. Contact investigation is a tracking and investigative activity aimed at people who are in contact with TB patients (index cases) to find TB suspects. Method: This research uses a descriptive method. Investigations were carried out on bacteriologically confirmed TB Index cases and TB cases in children, investigations were carried out by the TB Health Center Program Manager, HC cadres, and STPI Penabulu cadres in North Kalimantan Province. Data sourced from SITB (Tuberculosis Information System) in 2020 and 2021 (Until October). Results: The number of TB cases found in North Kalimantan Province in 2020 was 963 cases, Treatment Coverage: 35%, and 2021 found 625 cases, Treatment Coverage: 23%. The highest proportion of TB cases is in Tarakan City (2020: 45% and 2021: 49%). Contact investigations during the COVID-19 pandemic were carried out by observing health protocols. The number of indexes investigated in 2020 was 321 cases with a total of 1,825 contacts,15% of the investigated contacts met the referral requirements as suspects and 94% of contacts who wanted to be referred were subjected to laboratory examinations so that the percentage of sick contacts was found TB among suspects was 21%. The number of indexes investigated in 2021 was 192 cases with a total of 937 contacts, 30% of the investigated contacts met the referral requirements as suspects and 98% of contacts who wanted to be referred were subjected to a laboratory examination so that the percentage of contacts was found TB disease among suspects by 19%. The results of the contact investigation found an additional 9 cases of TB in 2020 and 16 cases in 2021. Conclusion: The decline in TB case finding during the COVID-19 pandemic requires an active case-finding strategy in the community as an effort to find early cases for standardized management.
COVID-19 cluster investigation after choir recording at Church X Bantul Regency in 2021 Nur Hayati; Puspitarani, Fitriana; Nugroho, Andri Setyo Dwi; Indriani, Citra
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS8 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Objective: On 29 May 2021 PHC Imogiri 1 obtains information about a positive COVID-19 patient in their area. The confirmed case was attending a choir at Church X on 19 May 2021. An epidemiological investigation was carried out to confirm the existence of the COVID-19 cluster, describe the attack rate, and provide recommendations for future cluster control. Method: This study is a descriptive epidemiological study. The case definition is people involved in the church X recording process and their close contact with the results of laboratory tests using RT-PCR positive for COVID-19 in Bantul from May-June 2021. Data were obtained via E-form using a standardized questionnaire and direct observation at the church. Results: 28 participants consisting of 21 singers, 1 conductor, 6 multimedia teams involved in a choir. The indoor rehearsal was in a closed space with closed windows. There were a total of 57 including contacts and choir members with 42.1% tested positive. One case was hospitalized (4.2%), and three cases were isolated in shelters (12.5%). Most of the cases were asymptomatic (70.8%), and the most common symptoms were fever (12.5%) and cough (12.5%). The majority of cases were female (71%), belong to age group 25-34 years (25%), followed with 35-44 years (20.8%), and 55-64 years (20.8%). Attack rate based on the vocal range of Alto 2 (AR=100%) and soprano 1 (AR=83%). interviews with church councils during the recording process singers only used a faceshield as PPE. Conclusion: A cluster transmission occurred in Church X after a choir recording. The use of the mask is necessary during choir or indoor activity especially in a closed space with poor ventilation. It is also necessary for stakeholders to strengthen and emphasize the importance of health protocols, including using masks and avoiding gathering in large groups to control the spread of COVID-19 in a closed space.
"ProGAS From Home" as alternative breakfast education for preventing anemia for adolescent girls during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sleman Regency Radifan, Muhamad Almas
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS8 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Objective: This study examines public health problems related to anemia prevention through breakfast education for adolescent girls by developing ProGAS (Program Gizi Anak Sekolah) that have been implemented in previous years into “ProGAS from home” that is determined from their respective homes during the pandemic. Content: Around 22.7% of Indonesian females aged between 14 and 18 years suffer from anemia, a condition that is most commonly caused by micronutrient deficiencies and malnutrition. Based on the survey results obtained from 2016 to 2018, the adolescent anemia rate in Sleman Regency tends not to experience a significant decrease. The prevalence of anemia in adolescent girls is expected to increase during the pandemic. Some of the main factors are the habit of not having breakfast, poor diet, and economic factors. Since schools were closed due to the pandemic, teenagers do not have any access to information and knowledge about nutrition and women’s health. Schools also find it difficult to provide nutrition education outside the school curriculum. In addition, youth-based health education programs are not enough with one-way communication, but also need to practice by providing breakfast as a fulfillment of nutritious and healthy food. ProGAS from home can be an alternative education that can prevent anemia in adolescent girls through habituation to breakfast in their respective homes. ProGAS which is promoted by the Ministry of Education and Culture has previously been able to meet the nutritional needs of students in several schools. In this program, it is necessary to involve local SMEs such as catering or healthy restaurants in providing breakfast. Thus, in addition to achieving the main program, it can also increase income for local SMEs who have been affected by the pandemic.
Overview of SARS-CoV 2 infection case and fatality descriptive analysis in Samarinda, East Kalimantan 2020-2021 Gusrina, Sylvia
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS8 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Objective: The study provides an overview of Covid-19 cases in Samarinda City since the Pandemic started in March 2020 until the third quarter of 2021, immediately after the peak of the second wave. Content: Samarinda is the capital city of East Kalimantan, one of the top ten provinces with the highest number of Covid-19 cases in Indonesia. The study extracted data from the Covid-19 national notification system application called Allrecord TC-19 di Indonesia. Overall, 22.152 or 2664,9 cases per 100.000 population were reported, while the peak of the second wave reached 1516 cases in the 28th epidemiology week of 2021, which was tripled the number of the first wave. Case Fatality Rate (CFR) was 3,22% with the highest death reaching 67 cases in a week. 54,2% of SARS CoV-2 Infection occurred in men with a 3,4% fatality rate, while in women it was 3,0%. Almost half (47,5%) of the total cases affected the productive age group (20-40 years old age group). Meanwhile, the most Case Fatality Rate (CFR) occurred in the elderly age group, with 233 cases (1,06%) affecting people in their 50s-60s and 202 cases (0,91%) in their 60s-70s. Based on location analysis, the highest number of cases was found in Samarinda Ulu subdistrict with 15,02% (4162 cases). However, the highest Attack Rate(AR) occurred in Samarinda Kota subdistrict with 4032,41 cases per 100.000 population, while the proportion is only 5,8% from total cases. The highest CFR is 6,17% which occurred in the Samarinda Ilir subdistrict. Uniquely, the number of cases reported by the settler was about 8,57% which was higher than the other six subdistricts (5,11% - 6,11%). Further analysis is needed to explore risk factors and causal relationships between the factors and the Covid-19 case in Samarinda City to produce recommendations that can strengthen Covid-19 prevention and control efforts by all sectors.
Investigation of food poisoning on distribution of takjil in Tempel Sleman Ghilari, Yampa Eksa Daidella; Sriadi, Yoshua Natanael; Dharmawidjaja, Isa; Indriani, Citra
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS8 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Objective: On 4th May 2021, Sleman District Health Office (DHO) received suspect food poisoning with 28 cases after eating packaged takjil were distributed on 2nd May 2021. The investigation was initiated to confirm the outbreak risk factor for control measures. Method: This investigation uses a cohort retrospective design. The case was the person who have one or more following symptoms diarrhea, abdominal pain, weakness, and fever after eating takjil on 2nd May 2021 in Krasakan village. The interview was conducted using standard questionnaires at-risk population and food handlers. The environmental observation was done in the kitchen of catering. Food and biological sample were sent to the laboratory. Results: There were 28 cases from 60 people who ate (Attack Rate: 46%) with dominant symptoms: diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weakness (100%). The incubation period was 7-33 hours with a median of 10 hours. Oseng tempe was food with the highest risk (RR= 6.09, CI= 1,5 -24,8). The environmental investigation found that contamination might have occurred as a result of poor processing practices such as improper food storage was potential risk contamination. We suspected Bacillus cereus as the main pathogen according to incubation period and mode transmission, but the laboratory showed different results, it can happen because the sample was sent 2x24 hours so the result was not adequate. Conclusion: There was a food poisoning outbreak from the distribution of takjil on 2nd May 2021 in Krasakan Village, caused by oseng tempe contaminated with Bacillus cereus. Contamination occurs due to improper cooking and storage. Implementation and training standard health and safety food handling need to be done for food caterer by District Health Office.
Efforts of non-communicable disease posbindu as a health-promoting university literacy campaign in the era of adapting to new habits: A case study at Universitas Gadjah Mada Dilalah, Idlohatud; Bintoro, Bagas Suryo
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS8 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Purpose: Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) has a passion for Health Promoting University to improve the health status of its citizens. One of these commitments resulted in the NCD Posbindu as a health literacy activity in the NCD prevention and management. The COVID-19 pandemic requires adjustments to health protocols, including implementing posbindu at UGM. The Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing (FK-KMK) UGM is one of the units that carry out posbindu activities in the era of adopting new habits. Documentation related to how the implementation and adjustment of posbindu activities at FK-KMK UGM in the period of adaptation to new habits are essential for program improvement. In addition, the good practice of implementing posbindu can be an example for other work units to initiate and develop posbindu. Contents: Posbindu at FK-KMK UGM is called Posbindu Sehati (prosperous, active, and of high quality). Most posbindu cadres are education personnel who are generally not health workers, so they are given training before posbindu implementation. The community service section of FK-KMK UGM funded this activity's procurement tools and infrastructure. Posbindu Sehati was first held in 2019 in conjunction with healthy exercise activities and regularly planned every three months. The Sehati Posbindu activity, attended by staff and education staff of FK-KMK UGM, was piloted in the new habits era on April 9, 2021, and had only been running three times before the pandemic. The activity information was disseminated using Whatsapp groups and HPU FK-KMK UGM social media. The challenge of implementing posbindu during a pandemic was on health protocols, especially maintaining distance. The queue buildup occurred due to the difference in the duration of service at each table. Inviting posbindu participants in several waves and carrying out on a broader area is recommended to avoid crowds. The manual to electronic record-keeping switch can facilitate data integration into existing systems. Periodic training is recommended to increase the ability and self-confidence of cadres. Tujuan: Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) sebagai tempat belajar sekaligus tempat bekerja memiliki semangat menuju Health Promoting University guna meningkatkan derajat kesehatan warganya. Komitmen ini salah satunya diwujudkan melalui posbindu PTM sebagai kegiatan literasi kesehatan dalam pencegahan dan pengelolaan PTM. Pandemi COVID-19 mengharuskan setiap kegiatan diselenggarakan dengan penyesuaian protokol kesehatan, termasuk pelaksanaan posbindu di UGM. Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan (FK-KMK) UGM adalah salah satu unit yang melakukan kegiatan posbindu di era adaptasi kebiasaan baru. Dokumentasi terkait bagaimana pelaksanaan dan penyesuaian kegiatan posbindu di FK-KMK UGM pada era adaptasi kebiasaan baru penting dilakukan untuk perbaikan program. Selain itu, praktik baik pelaksanaan posbindu dapat menjadi contoh bagi unit kerja lain untuk menginisiasi dan mengembangkan posbindu. Isi: Posbindu di FK-KMK UGM disebut dengan Posbindu Sehati (sejahtera, aktif, dan bermutu tinggi). Sebagian besar kader posbindu adalah tenaga kependidikan yang umumnya bukan tenaga kesehatan, sehingga diberikan pelatihan sebelum pelaksanaan posbindu. Kegiatan ini didanai oleh bagian pengabdian masyarakat FK-KMK UGM, namun terbatas untuk pengadaan alat dan sarana-prasarana. Posbindu Sehati pertama kali diadakan pada tahun 2019 bersamaan dengan kegiatan senam sehat dan direncanakan dilakukan setiap 3 bulan sekali. Kegiatan Posbindu Sehati baru berjalan tiga kali sebelum pandemi dan diujicobakan di era kebiasaan baru pada tanggal 9 April 2021. Informasi kegiatan disebarkan melalui grup Whatsapp dan media sosial HPU FK-KMK UGM. Kegiatan diikuti oleh staf dan tenaga kependidikan FK-KMK UGM. Tantangan pelaksanaan posbindu saat pandemi adalah pada protokol kesehatan, terutama menjaga jarak. Penumpukan antrian tetap terjadi meskipun sudah diantisipasi karena perbedaan durasi pelayanan pada setiap meja. Rekomendasi untuk menghindari kerumunan dapat dilakukan dengan mengundang peserta posbindu dalam beberapa gelombang dan dilakukan di area yang lebih luas. Penggantian pencatatan manual ke elektronik dapat memudahkan integrasi data ke sistem yang sudah ada. Pelatihan berkala direkomendasikan guna meningkatkan kemampuan dan rasa percaya diri kader.
Making the UGM dormitory student returning procedure during the COVID-19 pandemic Humaidy, Raudia Faridah; Bintoro, Bagas Suryo; Azizatunnisa’, Luthfi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS8 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Objective: Along with the decline in COVID-19 cases in Indonesia, UGM implements Controlled Face-to-face Learning (PTM). Various efforts have been made to prepare campus systems and infrastructure, one of which is dormitories as accommodation for students. Dormitories need to have a procedure for returning students to their dormitories to control COVID-19. This is a mentoring activity carried out by students of the Master's in Public Health to develop the procedure within the UGM Health Promoting University framework. Contents: The health protocol implementation procedure begins with identifying data needs in the field online and offline through hostel managers and administrators, dormitory residents, and the UGM COVID-19 Task Force. In this process, current health protocols are available but are not sufficient for repopulation conditions. These results are then followed up with the preparation of a draft procedure. In addition, mentoring activities also develop educational media that support the implementation of health protocols in dormitories. The draft procedure and educational media were then discussed together by the team with the dormitory manager. The procedure is integrated into the existing system and adapted to the system and resource availability. Future residents of the dormitory need to pay attention to several things, such as (1) confirming the arrival date and preparing a parental consent letter, (2) screening at the GMC, and (3) conducting a 14-day quarantine. The challenge in this activity is the online coordination process with hostel managers and administrators, dorm residents, and the UGM COVID-19 Task Force. This procedure requires adaptation and cooperation between the manager and the occupants. Dormitory managers need to monitor and evaluate the implementation of these procedures. This procedure is also expected to be an example to be applied elsewhere.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality in COVID-19 patients with diabetes: A literature review Iskandar, Arik
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS8 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Objective: Diabetes is one of the comorbid causes of death for patients with COVID-19. The Indonesian government records diabetes as one of the comorbidities with the highest proportion of causes of death. This study is a literature review study that aims to describe the clinical character and risk factors for death in diabetic patients with COVID-19 disease. Methods: A literature review was conducted by searching for articles from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Inclusion criteria were open access, articles in English, and full text published in journals between 2020 to 2021. The keywords used are "coronavirus disease 2019 AND Clinical Characteristics AND Diabetes". Results: the results of the study found 16 articles that matched, namely Covid-19 patients with diabetes. The clinical characteristics of the patients were 57% male. The average age of the patient was 68 years with other comorbid diseases, the highest was hypertension 57%, heart disease 29%, and followed chronic kidney disease 9.8%. The most common signs and symptoms were fever 64%, cough 59%, fatigue 45%, Dyspnea 43%. The highest risk factors, namely age 70 years, comorbid hypertension, and male sex contributed to the death of COVID-19 patients with diabetes. Conclusion: the clinical characters that appear are fever, cough, fatigue, and difficulty breathing. The risk factor for death in COVID-19 patients with diabetes is age 70 years. Hypertension also contributes to mortality. Comprehensive efforts are needed to identify risk factors early and carry out effective treatment in a timely manner to reduce the mortality of COVID-19 patients with diabetes.
Health screening for children of primary education age (7 – 15 years) during the COVID-19 pandemic: The experience of Banyumas Regency Wijayanti, Ayi; Suryo Bintoro, Bagas
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS8 Accepted Abstracts
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Objective: Implementation of Health Screening for Elementary Education Age Children (Udiksar) is a routine program carried out by Puskesmas, including Banyumas Regency. The Puskesmas visit schools and carries out health screenings for children offline and simultaneously with the implementation of learning. Face-to-face learning has not run optimally due to the COVID-19 pandemic, so adjusting the Udiksar Health Screening is necessary without increasing the risk of COVID-19 transmission. Content: Udiksar's health screening is one of the indicators of Minimum Service Standards and regional performance indicators. Performance achievements for the Udiksar Health Screening in the first quarter of 2021 in Banyumas Regency decreased compared to 2020. In evaluating the activities in the first quarter of 2021, the main problem in implementing the Udiksar Health Screening activities were officers' difficulty reaching targets during the pandemic. The officer then consulted the evaluation results with the Central Java Provincial Health Office and referred to the implementation instructions issued by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. The plan to adjust Udiksar's Health Screening activities during this pandemic focuses on using Google Forms as a data collection tool for children's health information. This plan was presented in a Coordination Meeting with the Heads of Health Centers throughout Banyumas Regency in April 2021. The follow-up to be carried out was the Training of Officers in the use of Google Forms as an alternative solution to implementing the Udiksar Health Screening in April 2021. An evaluation in the 3rd quarter of 2021 showed 71.1% of successfully implemented new Google forms in urban areas. It is ineffective in rural areas and requires an alternative solution for implementing the Udiksar Health Screening. One practical recommendation is to provide a printed questionnaire collected within the regular collection of school assignments. Also, increasing cross-sectoral collaboration in implementing Udiksar screening activities can be done mainly through the collaboration of the School Health Business Development Team at the district and sub-district levels to obtain appropriate alternative solutions. Tujuan: Pelaksanaan Skrining Kesehatan pada Anak Usia Pendidikan Dasar (Udiksar) merupakan program rutin yang dilaksanakan oleh Puskesmas, termasuk di Kabupaten Banyumas. Puskesmas mengunjungi sekolah dan melaksanakan skrining kesehatan pada anak secara luring dan bersamaan dengan pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Pembelajaran tatap muka belum berjalan optimal akibat pandemi COVID-19, sehingga diperlukan penyesuaian Skrining Kesehatan Udiksar agar kegiatan tetap dapat dilaksanakan tanpa menimbulkan peningkatan risiko penularan COVID-19. Isi: Skrining kesehatan Udiksar merupakan salah satu indikator Standar Pelayanan Minimal dan indikator kinerja daerah. Pencapaian kinerja untuk Skrining Kesehatan Udiksar pada triwulan 1 2021 di Kabupaten Banyumas mengalami penurunan dibandingkan dengan tahun 2020. Pada evaluasi kegiatan triwulan 1 2021 didapatkan bahwa masalah utama pelaksanaan kegiatan Skrining Kesehatan Udiksar adalah kesulitan petugas untuk menjangkau sasaran di masa pandemi. Petugas kemudian mengkonsultasikan hasil evaluasi kepada Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Tengah dan merujuk pada petunjuk pelaksanaan yang dikeluarkan oleh Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Rencana penyesuaian kegiatan Skrining Kesehatan Udiksar di masa pandemi ini mengerucut pada pemanfaatan Google Form sebagai alat pengumpulan data informasi kesehatan anak. Rencana ini dipaparkan dalam Rapat Koordinasi dengan Kepala Puskesmas se-Kabupaten Banyumas pada bulan April 2021. Tindak lanjut yang dilakukan adalah Pelatihan Petugas dalam pemanfaatan Google Form sebagai alternatif solusi pelaksanaan Skrining Kesehatan Udiksar pada periode April 2021. Evaluasi pada triwulan 3 2021 menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan Google Form baru berhasil diterapkan di kawasan urban dengan capaian sebesar 71,1%. Penggunaan Google Form tidak efektif di kawasan rural dan membutuhkan alternatif solusi pelaksanaan Skrining Kesehatan Udiksar. Salah satu rekomendasi praktis yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan memberikan kuesioner cetak untuk pengumpulan data kesehatan yang dapat disisipkan bersamaan dengan pengambilan dan pengumpulan tugas sekolah berkala. Peningkatan kerjasama lintas sektor dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan skrining Udiksar dapat dilakukan terutama melalui kerjasama Tim Pembina Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah. Kerjasama ini dilakukan di level kabupaten maupun kecamatan, sehingga dapat diperoleh solusi alternatif yang tepat.
Management of infectious waste from COVID-19 self-isolation patient in Puskesmas Kasihan 2 working area Khairani, Nadhira; Rahastri, Ajeng; Surbakti, Hana Yesica
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS8 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Objective: This study aims to explore the management of infectious waste in COVID-19 self-isolated patients in ​Ngestiharjo and Tirtonirmolo villages of Puskesmas Kasihan 2, Kasihan Bantul Regency. Method: The study used a qualitative research design. Stakeholders and technical officers related to waste management in the study area were selected to be informants. Data were collected during September – October 2021 by in-depth interview and analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. Data source triangulation was conducted to improve the trustworthiness of the data. Results: This analysis showed two themes related to the management of infectious waste generated by self-isolation patients. The first one is the incompatibility of waste handling implementation. The patients should be responsible for the infectious waste they generate so that burning waste and mixing it with general household garbage becomes an issue. The other theme Is the importance of local policy regarding the COVID-19 waste management. Since the pandemic, waste management has been referring to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry policy (SE.3/MENLHK/PSLB3/PLB.3/3/2021), which was not socialized to the local community so that infectious waste did not become a concern of Covid-19 control in the area. Conclusion: A policy directly related to infectious waste from self-isolated patients is essential in implementing safe infectious waste management. Besides, the lack of adequate facilities and human resources also contributed to the issues.

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