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INDONESIA
Middle Eastern Culture & Religion Issues
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 29640830     EISSN : 29622476     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/mecri
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Social,
Religion Humanities Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences
Middle Eastern Culture & Religion Issues (MECRI) is a journal published by the Department of Intercultural Study, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. MECRI publishes scientific articles in the form of research results and literature reviews with the Middle East regions as the main object of study, viewed from social, political, cultural, literary, language and Islamic perspectives.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Seni dan Humaniora (Lain-Lain)
Articles 53 Documents
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Citra Diri Para Tokoh Pemerintah Dalam Cerpen Asy-Syarr Al-Ma’būd Karya Najib Machfuzh Hanifa, Shaniasofi Zarra; Farhah, Eva
Middle Eastern Culture & Religion Issues Vol 4 No 1 (2025): Edisi 1 - 2025
Publisher : Middle Eastern Studies Program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mecri.v4i1.20713

Abstract

This study was conducted with the aim of examining the self-image of government figures contained in the text of the short story A'sy-Syarru al-Ma'bud by Najib Machfudz. The self-image is revealed by using a qualitative descriptive method by utilizing the concept of self-image theory from Jonathon D. Brown. The research technique was carried out by means of library techniques, recording and classifying data in accordance with the formulation of the problem discussed, namely how the self-image of government figures is presented in this short story. The results of this study show that the self-image of government figures, namely, the character of Judge Sumar is found based on physical aspects imaged as a male character, based on social aspects imaged as a judge and based on psychological aspects imaged as hardworking, honest, determined and responsible. The image of Police Officer Ram based on physical aspects is portrayed as a male character, based on social aspects is portrayed as a policeman and based on psychological aspects is portrayed as hardworking, honest, determined and responsible. Doctor Chatib's image is portrayed as a male character, based on social aspects he is portrayed as a doctor and based on psychological aspects he is portrayed as hardworking, honest, determined and responsible.
Makna Cinta dalam Puisi Nizar Qabbani dan Chairil Anwar: Kajian Sastra Bandingan Basyayif, Syamil; Tasnimah, Tatik Mariyatut
Middle Eastern Culture & Religion Issues Vol 4 No 1 (2025): Edisi 1 - 2025
Publisher : Middle Eastern Studies Program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mecri.v4i1.21015

Abstract

Nizar Qabbani and Chairil Anwar as modern poets of different nationalities, wrote many love poems. Although they write with the same theme, the views, conventions, or poetic traditions of Arab society and Indonesian society tend to be different. Based on that, this research aims to reveal the differences and similarities in the meaning of love in the poems “Yaumiyat Rajulin Mahzumin” and “`Ala `Ainaiki Yudabitu al-`Alam Sa`atihi” collected in the poetry anthology al-A`mal ash-Syi`riyah al-Kamilah by Nizar Qabbani, as well as the poems “Sajak Putih” and “Kabar dari Laut” collected in the poetry anthology Aku Ini Binatang Jalang by Chairil Anwar. This research uses the study of Thematic Parallelism in comparative literature that highlights the similarities and contrasts of themes, motifs, and main ideas between two or more works of poetry from different cultural contexts, periods, or languages. In interpreting the four poems above, the method used is Riffaterre's semiotics which consists of Heuristic reading and Hermeneutic reading. The results showed that there are similarities in the views of Nizar Qabbani and Chairil Anwar regarding the meaning of love, loyalty and sincerity, while the difference lies in Nizar Qabbani's pessimistic and Chairil Anwar's optimistic tendencies in viewing love.
Tantangan Persatuan Arab dalam Puisi Abū Tammām Wa ‘Urūbatu Al-Yauma Karya ‘Abdullāh Al-Baraddūni: Analisis Semiotik Asysyauqi, Faqih
Middle Eastern Culture & Religion Issues Vol 4 No 2 (2025): Edisi 2 - 2025
Publisher : Middle Eastern Studies Program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mecri.v4i2.15873

Abstract

Arab adalah bangsa yang dikenal kuat karena persatuannya. Akan tetapi, semakin modern negara-negara Arab seakan-akan berdiri masing-masing. Persatuan yang dahulu menjadi kekuatan bangsa Arab sekarang menjadi tantangan yang harus ditumbuhkan kembali. Tantangan-tantangan tersebut disajikan oleh ‘Abdullah al-Baraddūni oleh penyair fenomenal Yaman, dalam puisinya Abū Tammām wa ‘Urūbatu Al-Yauma, sebuah puisi dalam Antologi Li ‘Ainai Ummi Bilqīs yang diterbitkan pada 1971. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tantangan terwujudnya persatuan Arab dalam puisi Abū Tammām wa ‘Urūbatu Al-Yauma. Untuk itu, penelitian ini menggunakan teori semiotik, ilmu tentang sistem tanda. Adapun metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis puisi ini adalah empat metode yang dikemukakan oleh Riffaterre, yaitu ketidaklangsungan ekspresi, pembacaan semiotik yang terdiri dari pembacaan heuristik dan pembacaan hermeneutik, matriks, varian, dan model, dan hipogram. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa puisi Abu Tammam wa ‘Urubatu al-Yauma ini menggambarkan empat tantangan yang harus dihadapi bangsa Arab untuk mewujudkan persatuan mereka kembali, yaitu menurunnya rasa nasionalisme, kesewenang-wenangan para pemimpin, gempuran pihak Barat, dan perubahan sosial.
Kuasa Atas Perempuan dalam Novel Yaumiyyātu Rūza Karya Rīm Al-Kamāli: Analisis Relasi Kuasa Michel Foucault Fadhilah, Hanifah Nur
Middle Eastern Culture & Religion Issues Vol 4 No 2 (2025): Edisi 2 - 2025
Publisher : Middle Eastern Studies Program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mecri.v4i2.21632

Abstract

Women within cultural contexts, including Arab culture, become real subjects who experience power. This power is exercised not only repressively, but also productively, moving subtly within human relations that are not only found in the empirical world but also in the literary world. Arising from this issue, this study examines the power over women in Arab culture through the novel Yaumiyyātu Rūza by Rīm al-Kamālī as a reflection of the traditional society's social life in the United Arab Emirates in the 1960.This research aims to reveal the forms of power over women's bodies and minds as well as the resistance that arises from this power by using Michel Foucault's theory of power relations. The main data source of this research is the novel Yaumiyyātu Rūza by Rīm al-Kamālī, and the method used is a descriptive qualitative method. The results show that power operates over the body and mind through three main mechanisms: discipline of body and behavior, which commands women to physical and social norms, control of discourse and knowledge, which limits women's access to education and social relations, and normalization of identity, which makes women internalize dominant roles and discourses voluntarily. The resistance that emerges is in the form of subtle resistance carried out by female characters through writing, emotional outbursts, and other symbolic actions. The resistance reflects that women are not merely objects of power, but also agents who are able to reshape their subjectivity in the midst of power networks.
Cyprus-Egypt Geopolitical Cooperation in Energy and Regional Security in the Eastern Mediterranean Yusuf Idrus Malik; Askhari, Fitriah Islamiah
Middle Eastern Culture & Religion Issues Vol 4 No 2 (2025): Edisi 2 - 2025
Publisher : Middle Eastern Studies Program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mecri.v4i2.21678

Abstract

This article examines the geopolitical dynamics of Cyprus-Egypt relations in the context of energy and security cooperation in the Eastern Mediterranean. The central issue addressed is how this bilateral partnership has evolved and what strategic interests underpin it. This research is guided by the question: how do Cyprus and Egypt construct and pursue their geopolitical interests through energy and security collaboration, and what are the broader implications for a regional constellation in the Eastern Mediterranean? Using a qualitative approach informed by Geopolitics Theory, Regional Security Complex Theory (RSCT), and Balance of Threat Theory, the study reveals that the Cyprus-Egypt cooperation is beyond natural resource exploration. Instead, represents a regional alliance aimed at counterbalancing Turkish influence. The author argues that this partnership signals a transformation in Middle Eastern geopolitical boundaries of the Middle East. The article concludes that Cyprus-Egypt relations exemplify a new geopolitical synergy that contributes to the emerging architecture of regional energy and security while prompting a redefinition of the Middle East’s cultural and political scope.
Subjek Radikal dalam Novel Perempuan di Titik Nol Karya Nawal El-Sa’dawi: Kajian Subjektivitas Slavoj Zizek Marita, Selly; Gazali, Achmad
Middle Eastern Culture & Religion Issues Vol 4 No 2 (2025): Edisi 2 - 2025
Publisher : Middle Eastern Studies Program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mecri.v4i2.22621

Abstract

Feminisme, patriarki, kekuasaan dan relasi kuasa merupakan bagian dari dunia simbolik menurut konsep dan teori subjektivitas Slavoj Zizek. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori tersebut untuk mendeskripsikan subjektivitas Firdaus, tokoh utama dalam novel Perempuan di Titik Nol karya Nawal el-Sa'dawi. Dalam teori ini, Zizek mendefinisikan subjek melalui tindakan-tindakannya di dunia simbolik atau dunia ideologis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif, yaitu mendeskripsikan tindakan radikal subjek dari hasil analisis perilakunya sesuai dengan teori subjektivitas Zizek. Dalam teori ini, Zizek memperkenalkan konsep dunia simbolik, sinisme, momen kekosongan, dan tindakan radikal. Melalui konsep-konsep tersebut, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tokoh utama dalam novel ini merupakan subjek yang radikal. Meskipun terus menerus terjerumus dari satu simbolik ke simbolik yang lain, pada akhirnya subjek dapat melepaskan simbol-simbol dan jerat ideologis dari dalam dirinya. Tindakan radikal yang dilakukan subjek membuat subjek merasa penuh atau menjadi subjek yang autentik, yaitu subjek yang tidak menginginkan apa pun dan tidak takut pada apa pun, bahkan kematian.
Indonesian Ulama’s Peace Advocacy in the Palestine-Israel Conflict Following the October 7, 2023 Attack Mudore, Syarif Bahaudin; Romadhon, Ridho
Middle Eastern Culture & Religion Issues Vol 4 No 2 (2025): Edisi 2 - 2025
Publisher : Middle Eastern Studies Program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mecri.v4i2.22695

Abstract

This article examines the role of Indonesian ulama in advocating peace in the aftermath of the 7 October 2023 escalation of the Palestine-Israel conflict. Employing a qualitative approach with a library research design, the study analyzes academic literature, official statements of Islamic organizations, and public communications of ulama related to the conflict. Data analysis was conducted through initial coding, thematic analysis, and theory-driven interpretation guided by Johan Galtung’s peace-violence triangle, John Paul Lederach’s peacebuilding pyramid, and Brewer et al.’s concept of bridging social capital. The findings reveal that Indonesian ulama function as multi-level peace actors intervening in the dimensions of direct, structural, and cultural violence. Their roles are structured across leadership levels: top leadership through MUI’s political diplomacy; middle-range leadership through NU’s transnational engagement and Muhammadiyah’s humanitarian diplomacy; and grassroots leadership through solidarity mobilization by religious communities. Furthermore, ulama effectively mobilize bridging social capital within institutional, political, public, and intellectual spheres to enhance humanitarian advocacy and global peace diplomacy. Conceptually, this study contributes an integrated model of ulama engagement in networked peacebuilding across local-global scales. Practically, it recommends strengthening government and Islamic organization collaboration in religious diplomacy and peace literacy to foster a more just and humane international order.
Orientalism and Christian Missions: Knowledge Production and Power Relations in ABCFM Activities in Nineteenth-Century Greater Syria Yuangga Kurnia Yahya; M. Kharis Majid; Dhiyaul Haq
Middle Eastern Culture & Religion Issues Vol 5 No 1 (2026): July 2026 Edition
Publisher : Middle Eastern Studies Program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mecri.v5i1.22382

Abstract

This article examines the missionary activities of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) in Greater Syria during the nineteenth century through a postcolonial perspective. Existing scholarship has largely emphasised the contribution of ABCFM to education, publishing, translation, and the Arab intellectual revival (Nahda), while paying comparatively little attention to the ways in which these activities functioned within broader structures of power and knowledge production. Employing a historical approach and drawing upon Edward Said’s theory of Orientalism, this study analyses missionary reports, official ABCFM publications, memoirs, and relevant historical literature through four analytical categories: representation, missionary legitimation, knowledge production, and power relations. The findings demonstrate that ABCFM missionaries portrayed Middle Eastern societies as communities in need of intellectual, moral, and religious reform, thereby legitimising missionary intervention. Educational institutions, medical services, translation projects, and printing activities functioned not only as instruments of evangelisation but also as mechanisms for producing knowledge and extending American Protestant intellectual and cultural influence. Through these activities, ABCFM contributed to social transformation and the development of Arab Christian communities while simultaneously establishing new forms of educational and religious authority. The study argues that Christian missions in Greater Syria should be understood as a complex arena where religion, knowledge, modernity, and power intersected and mutually shaped one another.
Isytiqāq in an al-Jazeera.net Report: Ibn Jinni’s Perspective Roudathul Aisyah; Mohammad Pribadi
Middle Eastern Culture & Religion Issues Vol 5 No 1 (2026): July 2026 Edition
Publisher : Middle Eastern Studies Program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mecri.v5i1.23602

Abstract

This study reviews the forms of isytiqāq in Arabic-language news articles on the Al-Jazeera website and analyzes the resulting semantic relationships, particularly within the framework of Ibn Jinni’s theory. This study is a library research project using primary data consisting of news articles on the Palestinian conflict and the Iran-U.S. conflict published on November 14, 2024, and April 13, 2026. The method employed is content analysis through the stages of identification, classification, and description of the forms of isytiqāq in the news texts. The results of the study indicate that two types of isytiqāq were found in the news texts: isytiqāq ṣagir and isytiqāq kabīr. Isytiqāq ṣagir appears in morphological forms such as plurals, verb conjugations, and the mazīd form, which serve to clarify the time, quantity, and dynamics of events in the news. Furthermore, isytiqāq kabīr is identified through phonemic similarities with variations in letter arrangement. The semantic relationships identified in the data from this study reveal a variety of connections, ranging from lexical relationships—which can still be traced through similarities in phonemic elements—to conceptual and contextual relationships formed by the use of words in discourse. These findings demonstrate the relevance of Ibn Jinni’s theory in modern linguistic analysis, particularly for understanding the various forms of semantic relationships that emerge in news texts.
Palestinian Bedouins in Jamil as-Salhut’s Novel al-Mā`iq: A Foucauldian Study of Power Relations Winaldy Maulidan; Muhammad Khoirul Malik
Middle Eastern Culture & Religion Issues Vol 5 No 1 (2026): July 2026 Edition
Publisher : Middle Eastern Studies Program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mecri.v5i1.23673

Abstract

This study examines power relations over the body and mind in Jamīl as-Salḥūt's novel al-Mā`iq, highlighting their importance in understanding mechanisms of discipline and control. It aims to explain how power operates through everyday practices in Palestinian Bedouin society by using Michel Foucault’s theory of power relations. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with the novel as the primary source of data. The findings show that power in the novel does not operate only through direct authority but also through cultural norms, religious values, political interests, and traditions that regulate both the body and the mind. These forms of power discipline women and men in different ways while encouraging them to internalize social expectations and accepted values. As a result, power becomes part of everyday life, shaping individual behavior, identity, and social relations rather than functioning merely as coercion. This finding supports Foucault’s view that power is embedded in daily social practices and demonstrates how literary texts can reveal the subtle ways in which discipline and normalization operate within a traditional community. This study contributes to Foucauldian literary scholarship by showing how power relations are represented in the cultural setting of a Palestinian Bedouin community, a context that has received limited attention in previous studies. It also highlights the importance of literature as a medium for understanding the relationship between power, culture, and identity in Middle Eastern societies.

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