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Jurnal Natural
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : 14118513     EISSN : 25414062     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24815/jn
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience Physics
Jurnal Natural (JN) aims to publish original research results and reviews on sciences and mathematics. Jurnal Natural (JN) encompasses a broad range of research topics in chemistry, pharmacy, biology, physics, mathematics, statistics, informatic and electronic.
Arjuna Subject : Matematika - Matematika (Lain-Lain)
Articles 457 Documents
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EFFECT OF PLASTICIZERS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF EDIBLE FILM FROM JANENG STARCH – CHITOSAN Narlis Juandi; Rahmi Rahmi; Hira Helwati
Jurnal Natural Volume 16, Number 2, September 2016
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v16i2.5125

Abstract

The interest in the development of edible and biodegradable films has increased because it is every day more evident that non degradable are doing much damage to the environment. In this research, edible films were based on blends of janeng starch in different proportions, added of palm oil or glycerol, which were used as plasticizers. The objective was to study the effect of two different plasticizers, palm oil and glycerol of edible film from janeng starch–chitosan on the mechanical properties and FTIR spectra. Increasing concentration of glycerol as plasticizer resulted tend to increased tensile strength and elongation at break. The tensile strength and elongation at break values for palm oil is higher than glycerol as plasticizer at the same concentration. FTIR spectra show the process of making edible film from janeng starch–chitosan with palm oil or glycerol as plasticizers are physically mixing in the presence of hydrogen interactions between chains.
Implementation of Winsorizing and random oversampling on data containing outliers and unbalanced data with the random forest classification method FAHREZAL ZUBEDI; BAGUS SARTONO; KHAIRIL ANWAR NOTODIPUTRO
Jurnal Natural Volume 22 Number 2, June 2022
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v22i2.25499

Abstract

Many researchers conduct research using the classification method, to find out the best method for predicting the class of an observation. Some of these studies explain that random forest is the best method. However, the classification of data containing outliers and unbalanced data is a complicated problem. Many researchers are also conducting research to deal with these problems. In this study, we propose a winsorizing to deal with outliers by replacing the outlier values with the upper and lower limit values obtained from the interquartile range method and random oversampling to balance the data. It is also known that cases of the Human Development Index (HDI) in regencies/cities in eastern Indonesia vary widely, so cases of HDI in these areas can be used as case studies of data containing outliers and unbalanced data. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of the random forest before and after the data were applied to the winsorizing and random oversampling to predict HDI in districts/cities in eastern Indonesia. Classification method random forest after handling data containing outliers and unbalanced data has better performance in terms of accuracy and kappa values, which are 96.43% and 93.41%, respectively. The variables of expenditure per capita and the mean years of schooling are the most important.
USE OF PLANTS AS TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN SWAMEDICATION IN PIDIE COMMUNITIES Hardiana Hardiana; Saida Rasnovi; Zumaidar Zumaidar
Jurnal Natural Volume 19 Number 2, June 2019
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v19i2.13192

Abstract

Self-medication is an act of self-healing using plants as traditional and modern medicine without the intervention of professional medical personnel. Availability of natural materials and affordable prices encourage people to return to using traditional medicines. The purpose of this study is to find out the types of plants used by the community Pidie, plant parts and reasons for using plants as traditional medicine in self-medication. The type of research used is non-experimental with the survey method and PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal), by interviewing 1280 respondents. Parameters of this study are the types of plants used, plant parts and reasons for using plants as traditional medicine in self-medication. The results showed that there were 38 tribes and 53 types of plants. The most widely used plant parts were leaves (44.3%), the least were roots (0.7%), and the reason for using plants as traditional medicine in self-medication was easily obtained (53.8%).
Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity testing of n-hexane extract from Barringtonia asiatica seeds NURHAIDA, NURHAIDA; MURNIANA, MURNIANA; ATANTA, JAINURSUMARMI SAFRULLAH
Jurnal Natural Volume 24 Number 1, February 2024
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v24i1.32597

Abstract

Barringtonia asiatica, a marine plant belonging to the Lecythidaceae family, exhibits bioactivity in all parts of the plant. In the Simeulue region, the seeds of this plant are used for fish trapping. The polar extracts of B. asiatica seeds has shown antibacterial activity, but the non-polar extracts has not been studied yet. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the secondary metabolites of B. asiatica using a non-polar solvent (n-hexane) and evaluate its activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The extraction method employed using soxhlet extraction, and the antibacterial activity was determined using the Kirby-Bauer method. The presence of secondary metabolites in the B. asiatica seed extract was assessed using phytochemical tests, and its chemical composition was analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). The yield of n-hexane extract from B. asiatica seeds was 1.7%, and the phytochemical analysis revealed that the B. asiatica seeds n-hexane extract contains only terpenoids compounds. The B. asistica seeds n-hexane extract at concentration of 10% (w/v) showed the highest zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (9.3 mm) followed by Escherichia coli (9,9 mm). The GC-MS analysis showed that B. asiatica seeds n-hexane extract contains Guaiene, Guaiene, Ledene, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, and Ethyl linoleate. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that B. asiatica seed's n-hexane extract exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli.
Non-perfect maze generation using Kruskal algorithm MAHYUS IHSAN; DEDI SUHAIMI; MARWAN RAMLI; SYARIFAH MEURAH YUNI; IKHSAN MAULIDI
Jurnal Natural Volume 21 Number 1, February 2021
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v21i1.18840

Abstract

A non-perfect maze is a maze that contains loop or cycle and has no isolated cell. A non-perfect maze is an alternative to obtain a maze that cannot be satisfied by perfect maze. This paper discusses non-perfect maze generation with two kind of biases, that is, horizontal and vertical wall bias and cycle bias. In this research, a maze is modeled as a graph in order to generate non-perfect maze using Kruskal algorithm modifications. The modified Kruskal algorithm used Fisher Yates algorithm to obtain a random edge sequence and disjoint set data structure to reduce process time of the algorithm. The modification mentioned above are adding edges randomly while taking account of the edge’s orientation, and by adding additional edges after spanning tree is formed. The algorithm designed in this research constructs an  non-perfect maze with complexity of  where  and  denote vertex and edge set of an  grid graph, respectively. Several biased non-perfect mazes were shown in this research by varying its dimension, wall bias and cycle bias.
ANTIFEEDANT ACTIVITY FROM NEEM LEAF EXTRACT (Azadirachta indica A Juss) Ridha kurniati; Nurdin Saidi; Rosnani Nasution
Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 1, February 2018
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i1.8781

Abstract

Antifeedant activity of neem leaf (A. indica A. Juss) has been identified by against Tenebrio molitor bio-indicator. The highest activity was obtained on ethyl acetate extract at 0.5% concentration having Antifeedant Index (AI) of 51.53% and most active at 10% concentration of 82.05%. The method used to test the antifeedant activity is the no choice leaf disk method. Secondary metabolites contained in neem leaf extract (A. indica A. juss) include terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, saponins and phenolics. Keywords: Neem leaf (Azadirachta Indica A.Juss),  No choice leaf disk method, Antifeedant ActivityREFFERENCES Benge, M.D. 1986. Neem the Cornucopia Tree. S and T/FENR Agroforestation Technical Series No. 5. Agency for International Development Washington, D.C.190p.Schumutterer., H. 2002. Properties and Potensial of Natural pPsticides from Neem Tree, Azadirachta indica Ann. Rev. Entomol. 35; 271-291Alzohairy, M.A. 2016. Review Article Therapeutics Role of Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Their Active Constituents in Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Article ID 7382506, 11p.4.       Patel, S.M., Venkata., K.C.N., Bhattacharyya, P., Sethi, G., Bishayee, A. 2016. Potential of Neem (Azadirachta indica) For Prevention and treatment of Oncologic Diseases Seminar In Cancer BiologyDiabate, D., Gnago, J.A., Tano, Y., 2014. Toxicity, Antifeedant and Repellent, effect of Azadirachta indica A. Juss and Jatropa carcus L. aqueous extracts agaianst Plutella xylostella  (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res. 4 (11) : 51 – 60Jeyasankar, A., and Gokilamani, D., 2016. Biology and eco-friendly control of Amaranth pests, Hymenia recurvalis Fabricus and Psara basalis (Lepidoptera : Crambidae) Inter. J. Acad. Stud. 2 (4): 218 – 230.Pavunraj, M., Muthu, C., Ignacimuthu,S., Janarthanan, S., Duraipandiyan, V., Raja, N. and Vimalraj, S. 2011. Antifeedant Activity of a Novel 6-(4,7-hydroxyl-heptyl)Quinone From The Leaves of The Milkweed Pergularia daemia on The Cotton Bollworm Helicoverpa armegera (Hub.) and The Tobacco Armworm Spodoptera litura (Fab.) Phytoparasitica 39 : 145 – 150.Munoz, E., Lamilla, C., Marin, J.C., Alarcon, J., Cespedes, C.L.m 2012. Antifeedant, Insect Growth and Insecticidal Effec of Calceolaria talcana (Calceolariaceae) on Dropsopphila melanogaster and Spodoptera frugiperda Industrial Crops and Product, 42, 137 – 144.Saxena, M., Saxena, J., Nema, R., Singh, D and Gupta, A. 2013. Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants Journal pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 1;6.Liu, L., Zhao, Y.L., Cheng, G.G., Chen, Y.Y., Qin, angX.J., C.C.W., Yang, X.W., Liu, Y.P., Luo, X.D, 2014. Antifeedant activity and effect of fruits and seed extract of Cabralea canjerana canjerana (Vell.) Mart. (Meliaceae) on the immature stages of the fall armworm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae Crops and Product. 65 ; 156 – 158.Schoonhven, LM. 1982. Biologycal Aspect of Antifeedant . Ent, Exp and Appl  .31: 57 - 69Gahukar, R.T. 2014. Factor Affecting Content and Bioefficacy of Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) Phytochemicals used in Agriculture pest control A Review. Crop Protection. 62: 93 – 99.Pattanaik, S.J., Ranghupati, N.D.,Chary, P.2006.Ecomorphometric Marker Reflect Variation in Azadirachtin Contents of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae) in Select Regions of Andhra Pradesh India. Curr. Sci, 91:628 – 636.Adel, M.M., Sehnal, H., Jurzysta, M. 2000. Effects of Alfalfa safonin on the Moth Spodoptera litura Journal of Chemical Ecology, 26 : 7-14Shuklar, Y.N., Rani, A. Tripathi,A.K., Sharma, S. 1996. Antifeedant, Activity of Ursolic Acid Isolation from Duboisia myoporoides Phytotheraphy, 10 : 359 – 360Walter, J.F. 1999. Commercial With Neem Product, P. 155-170. In Franklin R, Hall and Julius J. Menn. Biopesticides Use and Delivery. Humana Press. Totowo, New Jersey. 
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF WHITE AND RED FLESH FROM GUAVA LEAF ( Psidium guajava. L) AGAINTS Staphylococcus aureus AND Escherichia coli Hilda Maysarah; Rika Apriani; Misrahanum Misrahanum
Jurnal Natural Volume 16, Number 1, March 2016
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v16i1.4818

Abstract

An antibacterial activity test of ethanol extract of white and red flesh from guava leaf (Psidium guajava. L) against S.aureus and E.coli; using agar diffusion method was carried out in order to produce the extract. The extract was collected using maceration method. The concentration of extract was 7,8125; 6,1035; 5,00; 4,8828; 4,3944; and 3,90625 mg/mL. The results showed that both of extracts had antibacterial activities. Ethanol extract of white flesh of fruit guava leaf had (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) MIC value at 5.000 mg/mL against S.aureus and 4.8828 mg/mL against E.coli. Whereas ethanol extract of red flesh of fruit guava leaf had MIC value at 4.3944 mg/mL against S.aureus and E.coli.  MIC value of ethanol extract of white flesh of fruit guava leaf is equal with MIC value of clindamicin concentration at 3.00 µg/mL against S.aureus, and 1.00 µg/mL against E.coli. The MIC value of red flesh of fruit guava leaf is equal to the MIC value of clindamicin concentration at 3.00 µg/mL against S.aureus, and 1.00 µg/mL against E.coli.
Anatomical changes of Ipomoea reptans due to mercury uptake and accumulation in contaminant soil NITA TAUHIDA; ESSY HARNELLY; MUHAMMAD NASIR; MUHAMMAD BAHI
Jurnal Natural Volume 22 Number 1, February 2022
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v22i1.23198

Abstract

Heavy metal contaminants like mercury is a serious problem to human, animals, and some plants’ health. Phytoremediation is an alternative technique, which can remediate the contaminants from soil using a hyperaccumulator plant. The goal of this research was to study anatomical changes of plant main organs (roots, stems, and leaves) of  Ipomoea reptans which are assumed as a hyperaccumulator plant that grows in mercury contaminant. The mercury concentration of the growth medium was 0, 61.871, 92.258, and 107.046 ppb. Ipomoea reptans were harvested after 27 days. The anatomical changes of the plant’s main organs were observed by preparing the cross-section of roots, stems, and leaves of I. reptans. The result showed that mercury treatment has caused anatomical damage at the xylem vessel of the root, and decreased bulliform cell size. The anatomical damage was found only in the root of I. reptans. The mercury concentration in media decrease to 0 ppb (P0), 50,420 ppb (P1), 58,583 (P2), and 96,120 (P3).
ANALYSIS OF SHALLOW SUBSURFACE AT HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL AREAS IN NORTH ACEH BASED ON ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY MODEL Nurul Aflah; Muchlis Muchlis; Syafrizal Idris; Witan O Ardjakusumah
Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 3, October 2018
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i3.12170

Abstract

Hydrocarbon prospect area research has been done in North Aceh at two locations. The research aims to analyze subsurface litology using  resistivity method. Data acquisition of each location was presented by 330 m line survey. The acquisition process was generated by Super Sting R8/IP and modelled by EarthImager 2D. Oil and gas (NA1) resistivity section showed anomaly at 170 m (x) and 17 m (z) that was identified as minor fault. However, oil seepage was not founded on the location. Fossil locality (NA2) section showed a contrast vertical anomaly (16-90 Ωm) around 90 – 120 m that was identified as a way for the seepage.
Application of SHAP on CatBoost classification for identification of variabels characterizing food insecurity occurrences in Aceh Province households MUHAMMAD SUBIANTO; INA YATUL ULYA; EVI RAMADHANI; BAGUS SARTONO; ALFIAN FUTUHUL HADI
Jurnal Natural Volume 23 Number 3, October 2023
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v23i3.33548

Abstract

Classification is the process of building a model that can distinguish between different classes of data. The model aims to predict the class of testing data based on patterns or relationships learned from training data. One of the data processing algorithms used to build classification models is Categorical Boosting (CatBoost). However, in general, the resulting models are difficult to interpret. To facilitate the interpretation of complex classification models, methods such as SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) are needed. SHAP is a method to explain individual predictions. SHAP is based on the game theoretically optimal shapley values. In this study, an analysis of important SHAP variables was conducted on the CatBoost classification model to identify variables characterizing occurrences of food insecurity in households. The data used in this study was obtained from the Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) in March 2021 in Aceh Province, sourced from the Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). There are 13,126 observations in the research data. The results from four evaluated classification models on the testing data showed that the best model had accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values of 0.703, 0.349, 0.798, and 0.637, respectively. Furthermore, the results of the analysis of important SHAP variables showed that the variables number of household members who smoke ( ), education of the household head ( ), wall types ( ), drinking water source ( ), and decent sanitation ( ) significantly contributed to the occurrences of food insecurity in households in Aceh Province in the year 2021.

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